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The printer was able to first print a layer of retinal ganglion cells and then a layer of glial cells on top of them,
Neuroscientists believe there are 20 to 30 types of these specialized neurons, known as retinal ganglion cells,
The final layer is composed of ganglion cells, which feed information to the brain visual processing regions via the optic nerve.
Neuroscientists have identified at least nine types of ganglion cells with distinct functions, structures, and genetic makeup.
Other known ganglion types respond only when light is turned on or off, and still others monitor the overall level of light
the researchers used a light microscope to image individual neurons in the brains of mice that had been engineered genetically so that one class of ganglions,
so that only a few of their ganglion neurons fluoresce. In total, the researchers imaged 363 cells 111 that were known genetically
While the bodies of the ganglion cells all stay in the same layer each neuron dendrites travel to other layers to interact with other cells.
These problems are caused by a loss of retinal ganglion cellshe cells that carry visual signals from the retina through the optic nerve and into the brain.
the mice showed a loss of retinal ganglion cells, atrophy (shrinkage) of the optic nerve, and a decline in visual responses,
specialized neurons called bipolar cells that transmit information from light-sensitive photoreceptor cells to ganglion neurons,
Instead it focuses on the ganglion cells behind them, which usually work to take the information between the rods and cells and the brain.
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