the product can be used in orthopedic surgeries to recover and cure bones damaged due to tumors, cysts or fractures.
The use of bone replacement in various forms has increased in recent years. Injectable pastes are samples of the replacements used in tissue engineering.
The injected paste can stay in the implant area without moving or being washed by water.
EPFL has developed a miniaturized microfluidic device that will allow medical staff to monitor in real time levels of glucose,
This advance will drastically reduce the number of machines cluttered around patients-an obvious practical advantage for the medical staff, not to mention the psychological boon for loved ones.
Discussions are now under way for tests to be carried out at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV.
This progress towards more precise and effective medicine was achieved under the Nano-Tera initiative, which is financed by The swiss government.
EPFL has developed a miniaturized microfluidic device that will allow medical staff to monitor in real time levels of glucose,
This advance will drastically reduce the number of machines cluttered around patients-an obvious practical advantage for the medical staff, not to mention the psychological boon for loved ones.
Discussions are now under way for tests to be carried out at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV.
This progress towards more precise and effective medicine was achieved under the Nano-Tera initiative, which is financed by The swiss government.
New Option to Diagnose Leukemia Iranian researchers from Tarbiat Modarres University designed a biosensor that enables the early diagnosis of leukemia in the test sample by using naked eyes.
The aim of the research was to design an effective system to diagnose blood cancer (leukemia) by using gold nanobars.
and their application has been evaluated in the diagnosis of the disease. The presence of some proteins in biological liquids of humans (blood
saliva and urine) with determined concentration can be the sign of dangerous diseases. Therefore, it is effective to monitor
and prevent diseases. Lysozyme protein has been selected as the target biomolecule in this research. The excess secretion of this protein can be a sign of malfunction in kidney performance
and it may result in leukemia. Diagnosis tests are very time-consuming, expensive and difficult in some cases.
For example, common methods to diagnose lysozyme protein are Turbidity Meter, Lyso-rocket electrophoresis and ELISA.
The system designed in this research is complicated less in comparison with other diagnosis methods, and it is available,
#Magnetic Nanosorbents Eliminate Fluoride from Water Researchers from Tehran University of Medical sciences used low-cost and available raw materials for the laboratorial production of nanosorbents with high efficiency in elimination of fluoride from contaminated water.
eliminating a major bottleneck that limits the exploration of a class of compounds offering tremendous potential for medicine and technology.
According to Burke, the highly customized approach that chemists have relied long on to synthesize small molecules is time consuming and inaccessible to most researchers. lot of great medicines have not been discovered yet because of this synthesis bottleneck,
In his research, Burke has been exploring the potential of small molecules to treat disease. Plants
Burke says. oing real atomistic modifications to transform nature's starting points into actual medicines is really,
meaning the atom-by-atom modifications that researchers need to optimize these molecules into therapeutic compounds
He has founded a company, REVOLUTION Medicines, to use and continue to develop the technology for this purpose.
engineers, medical doctors, and even the public to produce small molecules. hen you put the power to manufacture into the hands of everyone,
Limiting it to a single point allows us to control the parameters, like contact stress and geometry,
This"stress activated"process meant that, the harder the tip squeezed and sheared the ZDDP-containing oil between the tip and sample,
you get a high stress due to the concentration of force. When you push on a less stiff surface,
so the stress is lower. The thicker the film, the more it acts as a cushion to reduce the stress that is needed to cause the chemical reactions needed to keep growing.
It's self-limiting, or in other words, it has a way of cutting off its own growth".
Without being able to control the stress and geometry of a single point of contact
Being able to pinpoint the level of stress at which they begin to break down and form tribofilms allows researchers to compare various properties in a more rigorous fashion."
and Sergei Gryaznov of Aurasense Therapeutics is the first to show spherical nucleic acids (SNAS) can be used as potent drugs to effectively train the immune system to fight disease,
SNAS could be used to target anything from influenza to different forms of cancer. They also can be used to suppress the immune response
a tactic important in treating autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues."
"Once developed fully, SNAS will lay the foundation for developing an entire new pipeline of drugs to treat a range of diseases, from psoriasis, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis to lymphoma, bladder cancer and prostate cancer."
"Mirkin is the George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences and professor of medicine, chemical and biological engineering, biomedical engineering and materials science and engineering.
The study also shows that a spherical structure is the ideal architecture for delivering nucleic acids into cells for therapeutic purposes.
targeting lymphoma and a form of autoimmune hepatitis.""The spherical nucleic acids always win from potency and speed standpoints,
In a study of mice, the researchers tested SNAS against lymphoma. For the animals treated with SNAS,
the researchers found a significant decrease in tumor growth and a doubling of lifespan. The potency was up to an 80-fold increase over linear nucleic acids of the same sequence.
and destroy lymphoma cells. Next, focusing on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the researchers found eightfold increases in potency when animals were treated with SNAS and a 30 percent greater reduction in the animals'fibrosis score.
This observation has significant implications for treating liver cancer and cirrhosis patients.""The beauty of the approach is that a very small amount of drug does a tremendous amount of work,
"Mirkin said.""The SNAS trigger the immune response and, without more drug, additional cells are trained to behave the same way as the initial cells.
This gives you a catalytic effect that grows into a systemic search for cells that look for example, like lymphoma cells."
making them a versatile tool in medicine. The current study's results show, Mirkin said,
that if you want to make vaccines out of nucleic acids or if you want to modulate the immune system using nucleic acids, for vaccines or systemic suppression therapies,
then the spherical nucleic acid architecture is likely the most potent t
#Nanospheres cooled with light to explore the limits of quantum physics A team of scientists at UCL led by Peter Barker
and creates previously unachievable geometries that open opportunities for innovation not only in health care and medicine,
dental implants or prosthetics to be 3d printed on-demand in a medical setting.""CLIP's debut coincides with the United Nation designating 2015 as the International Year of Light and Light-Based Technologies,
and defects, says a Texas A&m University biomedical engineer who is part of the team developing the biomaterial.
Its findings could change the way medical professionals treat fractured bones that experience difficulty in healing
a biodegradable gel used in several biomedical applications because of its compatibility with the body. When nanosilicates are incorporated into a gelatin matrix, several physical,
For example, the hydrogel can be designed to remain at the injury site for specific durations by controlling the interactions between the nanosilicates and gelatin,
In addition to its ability to be injected at the site of an injury, the material achieves three-to-four times higher stiffness once inside the body,
vascularized scaffolds that employ the material and could be inserted surgically at the site of more serious injuries where injection is not an option.
would allow the injury site to receive blood flow as part of the enhanced healing process initiated by the nanoparticles.
Based on our strong preliminary studies, we predict that these highly biofunctional particles have immense potential to be used in biomedical applications
or supercapacitors without an external power source and make new commercial and medical applications possible.
Small, lightweight devices could play life-changing roles as robotic skin or in other biomedical applications.
#Medical nanoparticles for the local treatment of lung cancer Nanoparticles can function as carriers for medicines to combat lung cancer:
scientists from the Helmholtz Zentrum Mnchen (HMGU) and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitt (LMU) in Munich have developed nanocarriers that site-selectively release medicines/drugs at the tumor site in human and mouse lungs.
In the journal, ACS Nano("Protease-Mediated Release of Chemotherapeutics from Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to ex Vivo Human and Mouse Lung Tumors"),the scientists reported that this approach led to a significant increase
in the effectiveness of current cancer medicines in lung tumour tissue. Tumor tissue in the lung.
Image: Sabine van Rijt, CPC/ilbd, Helmholtz Zentrum Mnchen) Nanoparticles are extremely small particles that can be modified for a variety of uses in the medical field.
For example, nanoparticles can be engineered to be able to transport medicines specifically to the disease site while not interfering with healthy body parts.
Selective drug transport verified in human tissue for the first time The Munich scientists have developed nanocarriers that only release the carried drugs in lung tumour areas.
and so the medicines stay protected in the nanocarrier.""Using these nanocarriers we can very selectively release a drug such as a chemotherapeutic agent specifically at the lung tumour,"reports research group leader Meiners."
At the same time, this approach also makes it possible to decrease the total dose of medicines and consequently to reduce undesirable effects."
New materials for energy application, new concepts for medical surfaces, new surface materials for tribological applications and nano safety and nano bio.
In elastocaloric materials a change in mechanical stress can create a change in temperature. In the Journal of Applied Physics("Elastocaloric effect of Ni-Ti wire for application in a cooling device"),a team of researchers from Technical University of Denmark report that the elastocaloric effect opens the door to alternative forms
or by applying an external stress. This is responsible for the temperature-induced"shape memory effect "and stress-induced"superelasticity."
"After the stress is removed, the crystal structure reverts back to its austenitic phase, which causes the material to cool down
He worries more about gremlins that plague today's reverse osmosis membranes--growths on membrane surfaces that clog them (called"biofouling)
#Rapid and efficient DNA chip technology for testing 14 major types of food borne pathogens Conventional methods for testing foodborne pathogens is based on the cultivation of pathogens,
So there is demand for alternative methods to test for foodborne pathogens that are simpler, quick and applicable to a wide range of potential applications.
Now Toshiba Ltd and Kawasaki City Institute for Public health have collaborated in the development of a rapid and efficient automatic abbreviated DNA detection technology that can test for 14 major types of food
borne pathogens. The so called DNA chip card employs electrochemical DNA chips and overcomes the complicated procedures associated with genetic testing of conventional methods.
and in a collaboration with Kawasaki City Institute for Public health, used to simultaneously detect 14 different types of foodborne pathogens in less than 90 minutes.
The detection sensitivity depends on the target pathogen and has a range of 1e+01? 05 cfu/ml.
Notably, such tests would usually take 4-5 days using conventional methods based on pathogen cultivation.
Examples of pathogens associated with food poisoning that were tested with the DNA chip card d
#Chemists make new silicon-based nanomaterials In a paper published in the journal Nano Letters("A Silicon-Based Two-dimensional Chalcogenide:
#Novel nanoparticle therapy promotes wound healing (w/video)( Nanowerk News) An experimental therapy developed by researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University cut in half the time it takes to heal
wounds compared to no treatment at all. Details of the therapy, which was tested successfully in mice,
were published online in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology("Fidgetin-like 2: a novel microtubule-based regulator of wound healing".
"e envision that our nanoparticle therapy could be used to speed the healing of all sorts of wounds,
including everyday cuts and burns, surgical incisions, and chronic skin ulcers, which are a particular problem in the elderly
and people with diabetes, said study co-leader David J. Sharp, Ph d.,professor of physiology & biophysics at Einstein.
Dr. Sharp and his colleagues had discovered earlier that an enzyme called fidgetin-like 2 (FL2) puts the brakes on skin cells as they migrate towards wounds to heal them.
They reasoned that the healing cells could reach their destination faster if their levels of FL2 could be reduced.
So they developed a drug that inactivates the gene that makes FL2 and then put the drug in tiny gel capsules called nanoparticles
and applied the nanoparticles to wounds on mice. The treated wounds healed much faster than untreated wounds.
FL2 belongs to the fidgetin family of enzymes, which play varying roles in cellular development and function.
To learn more about FL2 role in humans, Dr. Sharp suppressed FL2 activity in human cells in tissue culture.
When those cells were placed on a standard wound assay (for measuring properties like cell migration and proliferation),
Dr. Sharp and project co-leader Joshua Nosanchuk, M d.,professor of medicine at Einstein and attending physician, infectious diseases at Montefiore Medical center, developed a wound-healing therapy that uses
Dr. Sharp collaborated with Joel Friedman, M d.,Ph d.,professor of physiology & biophysics and of medicine at Einstein,
and study co-leader Adam Friedman, M d.,director of dermatologic research at Einstein and Montefiore, who together had developed nanoparticles that protect molecules such as sirna from being degraded as they ferry the molecules to their intended targets.
In both cases, the wounds closed more than twice as fast as in untreated controls. ot only did the cells move into the wounds faster,
Dr. Sharp plans to start testing the therapy on pigs, whose skin closely resembles that of humans, within months a
#High-tech method allows rapid imaging of functions in living brain Researchers studying cancer and other invasive diseases rely on high-resolution imaging to see tumors and other activity deep within the body's tissues.
Using a new high-speed, high-resolution imaging method, Lihong Wang, Phd, and his team at Washington University in St louis were able to see blood flow, blood oxygenation, oxygen metabolism and other functions inside a living mouse brain at faster rates than ever before.
Phd, program director for Optical Imaging at the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering."
In the future, photoacoustic imaging could serve as an important complement to fmri, leading to critical insights into brain function and disease development."
Given the importance of oxygen metabolism in basic biology and diseases such as diabetes and cancer,
This will open the door to new applications for thermal sensors in biomedical devices consumer products and low cost thermal cameras s
and Netrin-1 Guides Commissural Axons"),could eventually help develop tools to repair nerve cells following injuries to the nervous system (such as the brain and spinal cord).
""This scientific breakthrough could bring us closer to repairing damaged nerve cells following injuries to the central nervous system,"states Dr. Charron."
"A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in axon guidance will offer new possibilities for developing techniques to treat lesions resulting from spinal cord injuries,
and possibly even neurodegenerative diseases.""Injuries to the central nervous system affect thousands of Canadians every year and can lead to lifelong disabilities.
Most often caused by an accident, stroke or disease, these injuries are currently very difficult to repair.
Research is required therefore for the development of new tools to repair damage to the central nervous system m
#Nanoparticles provide novel way to apply drugs to dental plaque Therapeutic agents intended to reduce dental plaque
and prevent tooth decay are removed often by saliva and the act of swallowing before they can take effect.
But a team of researchers has developed a way to keep the drugs from being washed away.
said Hyun Koo, a professor in the Department of Orthodontics and co-senior author of the work.
as well as other biofilm-related diseases s
#A new breakthrough in thermoelectric materials French physicist Jean Charles Athanase Peltier discovered a key concept necessary for thermoelectric (TE) temperature control in 1834.
effectively acting as a 2-D liquid("Interactions and Stress Relaxation in Monolayers of Soft Nanoparticles at Fluid-Fluid Interfaces".
onl prweb About PI PI is a leading manufacturer of precision motion control equipment, piezo motors, air bearing stages and hexapod parallel-kinematics for semiconductor applications, photonics, bio-nano-technology and medical engineering.
#Scientists use nanotechnology to visualize potential brain cancer treatments in real time (Nanowerk News) Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute scientists have developed new imaging techniques to watch dangerous brain tumor
and describes how the research team used nanotechnology to watch tumor stem cells respond to therapy. ee never been able to directly observe the actions of potential cancer treatments this way before,
a cancer biologist and an assistant professor of biomedical sciences and pathobiology at the Virginiaaryland College of Veterinary medicine. t was astounding.
Glioblastoma is a brain cancer with a poor prognosis. Even with surgical interventions or traditional treatments
some of the cells the stem cells tend to survive and grow new tumors. lioblastoma tumors are hard to target,
Sheng said. heye aggressive and resistant to therapeutics. With our imaging techniques, we may be able to gain new insights into how the cells dynamically respond to treatments.
The research team separated the hard-to-kill stem cells from the general glioblastoma population by attracting the stem cells to a microchip coated with antibodies.
what is used in some cancer treatments and watched the process in cell cultures using in situ transmission electron microscopy.
whether we could isolate these types of toxic cells from the other brain tumor cells, while developing new imaging tools at the single-cell level to visualize the course of therapies needed to eradicate these cells,
said Kelly, the project lead scientist and a biophysicist with extensive expertise in high-resolution imaging.
Researchers say the technology has many potential applications. ne may be able to directly observe an influenza virus, HIV,
or other human pathogens infecting a cell, or even test new cancer treatments at the cellular level, Kelly said.
Sheng pointed to another characteristic that makes cancer cells difficult to treat: broad heterogeneity. In the same cancer population, even neighboring cells can differ drastically,
and each cell can respond to treatments differently. e can look at single-cell delivery of cancer treatments,
and see how the individual cells respond, Sheng said. f we can learn how to kill these cells,
we should be able to improve our chances of developing effective treatments by being able to directly observe the effects of the possible therapeutics. e
leading to the rapid synthesis of drug derivatives for treating Parkinson's disease. Nagoya, Japan-Yutaro Saito, Yasutomo Segawa and Professor Kenichiro Itami at the Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (ITBM
"displays the development of a powerful synthetic method that enables rapid access to para-functionalized benzene derivatives to construct libraries of bioactive compounds that are useful in medicinal chemistry.
which is an anticholinergic drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.''Parachuting'boron onto the para-position of a benzene ring by a bulky iridium catalyst.
Caramiphen, an anticholinergic agent used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease contains a monosubstituted benzene moiety along with ester and amine groups.
In the medical field, the substance has shown activity against cancer cell lines. In cosmetics, people appreciate the good smell, in soft drinks a fine, subtle taste.
Thanks to this substance malaria is curable. Unfortunately, it could be found only in tiny quantities in the sweet wormwood-until the US researcher Jay Keasling was able to transfer the appropriate production route from the plant in bacteria.
Medical Doctors and students all around the world will be enabled to travel inside 3d cells in full color by simply downloading STEVE on their laptop declares Dr. Yann Cotte, CEO and cofounder of Nanolive SA.
#Quick, easy and early diagnosis with rare earth ions Lack of oxygen in cells is an indicator of diseases as serious as cerebral haemorrhages, stroke and cancer.
it will be possible to measure oxygen using the optical microscopes already present in most hospitals. Thomas Just Sørensen is Associate professor at the Department of chemistry, Nanoscience Centre, University of Copenhagen.
I am almost certain that we will see the first medical doctors using our method for measuring oxygen in cells,
"The detector and light source was the same as on light microscopes found at any hospital, but my colleague Tom Vosch has optimized the microscope to the point where everything is almost beyond the possible.
compared to approximately 16,000 kidney transplants, according to the National Kidney Foundation, and 2, 100 heart transplants, according to the U s. Department of health and human services'Organ Transplantation Network.
Out of the 48,000 corneal transplants done, 10 percent of them end up in rejection, largely due to poor medication compliance.
This costs the health care system and puts undue strain on clinicians, patients and their families. Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers may have discovered a way to prevent rejection by using biodegradable nanoparticles that release needed medication into the eye after surgery.
This discovery could solve the decades-old issue of medicine compliance and help patients achieve corneal transplant success. Medicine compliance is a major challenge in patient care,
says Walter Stark, M d.,chief of the Division of Cornea, Cataract and External Eye diseases at Johns Hopkins. About 60 to 80 percent of patients dont take medicine the way they are supposed to.
In an animal study being published in the March 10 issue of the Journal of Controlled Release("Corticosteroid-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles for prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats),
"researchers looked into ways to alleviate the strain of adhering to a post-surgery treatment regimen that is sometimes hard to manage.
Rats that underwent a corneal graft surgery were divided randomly into four groups and were given various treatments.
One group was injected weekly for nine weeks with a safe, biodegradable nanoparticle loaded with corticosteroids for timed release of medicine.
The other three groups received weekly injections of saline, placebo nanoparticles and free dexamethasone sodium phosphate aqueous solution after surgery, respectively.
Treatments were given until the graft was deemed clinically as failed or until the nine-week test period concluded.
and did not leak within one week of the surgery. The concentration of the treatment also remained stronger than in the other three treatment groups Additionally,
Two weeks after surgery, rats that received the placebo nanoparticle and saline injections had severe swelling, opaque corneas and unwanted growth of new blood vessels, all indicating graft failure.
After four weeks, rats that received free dexamethasone sodium phosphate aqueous solution all had graft failure as well.
The only group that showed successful corneal transplant was the group of rats that received the corticosteroid-loaded nanoparticle injections.
and a lot of testing and time goes into ensuring the safe use of a graft for cornea transplant,
. a research associate at the Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins Medicine.
while making medicine adherence much easier on patients and their families The nanoparticle loaded with medication could eliminate the need for a patient to remember to take their medicine often multiple doses per hour after a surgery,
and used in other conditions, such as glaucoma, macular degeneration and corneal ulcers, among others. The research team intends to continue the collaboration between engineering
and medicine to look further into better ways to treat eye diseases s
#Flexible sensors turn skin into a touch-sensitive interaction space for mobile devices (w/video) If a mobile phone rings during a meeting,
as they are attached to the skin with a biocompatible, medical-grade adhesive. Users can therefore decide where they want to position the sensor patch
which designs and builds organisms able to make useful products such as medicines, energy, food, materials and chemicals.
Whether it's watching immune cells attack a tumour or an infection, or watching an organ develop embryonically,
function, or react to damage or stress, all of these things you could observe at an organ level,
creating an asymmetrical stress that makes the membranes fold. Argonne researchers are able to fold gold nanoparticle membranes in a specific direction using an electron beam
#Artificial blood vessels become resistant to thrombosis Scientists from ITMO University developed artificial blood vessels that are not susceptible to blood clot formation.
The results of the study were published in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry("Synthesis of Thrombolytic Solel Coatings:
"Surgery, associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemia, often require the implantation of vascular grafts-artificial blood vessels,
which results in compulsory and lifelong intake of anticoagulants among patients and sometimes may even require an additional surgical intervention.
they actively release medicine into the blood. The lifetime of such grafts is determined often by the amount of drug stored within the graft,
but to any kind of implants. You just need to take the right kind of drug. For example, after the implantation of an artificial ureter, urease crystals often start to grow inside
and doctors do not know how to deal with this problem. It is possible to apply a similar drug-containing coating that dissolves urease.
The same approach may be used for kidney or liver surgery, but these are plans for the future,
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