#An engineered surface unsticks sticky water droplets The lotus effect has inspired many types of liquid repelling surfaces,
but tiny water droplets stick to lotus leaf structures. Now, researchers at Penn State have developed the first nano/micro-textured highly slippery surfaces able to outperform lotus leaf-inspired liquid repellent coatings,
particularly in situations where the water is in the form of vapor or tiny droplets.
Enhancing the mobility of liquid droplets on rough surfaces has applications ranging from condensation heat transfer for heat exchangers in power plants to more efficient water harvesting in arid regions where collecting fog droplets on coated meshes provides drinking water
The sticky Wenzel state results in many problems in condensation heat transfer, water harvesting and ice removal.
#Skimming uranium from the sea Researchers developed a protein-based, genetically encodable system that can bind water-soluble uranium with exceedingly high affinity and selectivity.
This is the first known demonstration of a bacterial system used to mine ocean-based uranium that reduces the expense
The overall method developed could find broad applications in sequestration and bioremediation of water-soluble uranium and similar transuranic elements.
The oceans are estimated to contain 1, 000 times as much uranium as is buried in deposits on land,
but unfortunately, the uranium in the ocean is in the form of water-soluble uranyl (UO22)
with the added complication that seawater also contains various metal ions at high concentrations, making separating the uranium extremely complex.
This protein can repeatedly sequester 30 to 60%of the uranyl in synthetic sea water and thus provides a much needed advance in the isolation of uranyl from seawater.
U s. Department of energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic energy Sciences, Chemical sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Heavy Element Chemistry Program under contract number DE-FG02-07er15865 to C. H
#Super water-repellant coatings can now take the pressure Conventional superhydrophobic coatings that repel liquids by trapping air inside microscopic surface pockets tend to lose their properties
In this work, extremely water-repellant or superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated that can withstand pressures that are 10 times greater than the average pressure a surface would experience resting in a room.
He adds that CSHL has collaborations with many hospitals, notably Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the North Shore-LIJ Health System,
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
especially the catalysts that convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars at room temperatures.""This is not about mimicking nature directly
To achieve this, the researchers reacted glycerol with water, to provide the element hydrogen, and a magnesium oxide (Mgo) catalyst.
and water over such a simple catalyst gave such valuable products and interesting chemistry.""This research has the potential to transform the way in
and Applied sciences (SEAS)--and his team published their findings in the September 14 issue of Nature Materials.
"Key to the method developed by Mooney's team is the combination of two water-filled hydrogels with very different properties.
makes water more efficient for cleaning by creating tiny bubbles which automatically scrub surfaces. The device supplies a gentle stream of water through a nozzle that generates ultrasound and bubbles,
which dramatically improve the cleaning power of water reducing the need for additives and heating.
Using just cold water, Starstream was able to remove biological contamination, including brain tissue from surgical steel. Cleaning instruments between patients is critical to avoid transmission of agents leading to conditions such as Creutzfeldt-jakob disease.
It was also able to remove bacterial biofilms that typically cause dental disease and was effective at removing soft tissue from bones,
Our highly-effective cleaning device, achieved with cold water and without the need for chemical additives or the high power consumption associated with conventional strategies,
#Tiny magnets mimic steam, water and ice Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) created a synthetic material out of 1 billion tiny magnets.
just like water has a gaseous, liquid and a solid state. This material made of nanomagnets might well be refined for electronic applications of the future--such as for more efficient information transfer.
the so-called metamaterial exhibits phase transitions, much like those between steam, water and ice. This effect was observed by a team of researchers headed by Laura Heyderman from PSI."
The long-range order of water molecules increases in a similar way at the moment when water freezes into ice.""We were fascinated by the fact that our synthetic material displayed this everyday phenomenon of a phase transition,
The research was led by Jennifer A. Lewis, the Hansjörg Wyss Professor of Biologically Inspired Engineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and a Core Faculty member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
The cooling comes from simple deionized water flowing through microfluidic passages that replace the massive air-cooled heat sinks normally placed on the backs of chips."
and ports were attached for the connection of water tubes. In multiple tests--including a demonstration for DARPA officials in Arlington,
With a water inlet temperature of approximately 20 degrees Celsius and an inlet flow rate of 147 milliliters per minute
or ions in solution, are surrounded by a shell of water molecules that stick to the ion,
and other electrically conducting materials to be added to conventional water-based inks and printed using typical commercial equipment,
which is added to conductive water-based ink formulations. The ratio of the ingredients can be adjusted to control the liquid's properties,
allowing the carrier solvent to be mixed easily into a conventional conductive water-based ink to significantly reduce the resistance.
#Bacterium capable of aquifer decontamination characterized, cultivated for first time in Europe UAB researchers have identified in the Besòs river estuary (Barcelona, Spain) a bacterium of the genus Dehalogenimonas,
such as the Arctic ocean, the Baltic sea, Canada, China, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Taiwan and the USA. These bacteria can only use organochlorine compounds as an energy source during their respiration process,
From River Besòs sediments, after three years'research, the researchers have obtained a stable bacterial culture
and reach subterranean waters by accident or as a result of improper waste disposal. Once in the aquifers, they can build up for years because of their low biodegradability,
Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) have done just that, designing the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero,
When light passes through water, for example, its phase velocity is reduced as its wavelengths get squished together.
Once it exits the water, its phase velocity increases again as its wavelength elongates. How much the crests of a light wave slow down in a material is expressed as a ratio called the refraction index--the higher the index,
Water, for example, has a refraction index of about 1. 3 . When the refraction index is reduced to zero,
like an ice cube does to water. Next, the crystal drug is placed into a fat and protein coat, similar to
The compound is repelled by water at neutral ph which allows it to easily diffuse through cellular and nuclear membranes,
The team gathered water samples from a research site on the Colorado river near the town of Rifle
Before doing any sequencing, they passed the water through a pair of increasingly fine filtersith pores 0. 2 and 0. 1 microns wide
like the one from the water samples in Rifle, scientists use substances called primers to draw out
#"Drinkable book"turns dirty water clean for a thirsty world A group of researchers from the US,
and purify water. During her Phd at Mcgill University, Dankovich successfully created a page made from cellulose,
One page could theoretically filter one person water for up to four years Dankovich says. Stuart Kahn from the University of New south wales, Australia, who was involved not in the research,
and the water is safe to drink. ny efforts to provide clean safe drinking water to communities for which it is lacking,
#Saltwater lamp could replace dangerous kerosene lights The majority of inhabitants on the Philippines7000 islands do not have access to electricity.
safe light source powered by salt and water, which can last for up to six months when used for eight hours a day.
Users simply add one glass of water and one tablespoon of salt saltwater from the ocean can also be used to power the device.
SALT IS the latest of a number of devices which could help lessen the reliance on kerosene power in disconnected regions.
and resistant to oil, gasoline and glycol in the cooling water. It must also demonstrate good adherence to the metal inserts
nmanned systems in the air and water will employ greater autonomy and be integrated fully with their manned counterparts. a
which plants use the energy in sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. However
this new artificial photosynthetic system synthesizes the combination of carbon dioxide and water into acetate, the most common building block today for biosynthesis. e believe our system is a revolutionary leap forward in the field of artificial photosynthesis,
and combined with water for the synthesis of molecular products that form biomass, says Chris Chang, an expert in catalysts for carbon-neutral energy conversions. n our system,
and combined with water for the synthesis of a variety of targeted, value-added chemical products.
while the photo-generated holes in the titanium oxide split water molecules to make oxygen. Once the forest of nanowire arrays is established,
or water resistance. his is like going from building boats only out of wood, to the ability to build boats out of almost any kind of material,
NRL is also looking at spinel for the windows on lasers operating in maritime and other hostile environments. e got to worry about wave slap and saltwater and things like that,
This light bounces off air molecules and small particles such as dust, ice and droplets of water in the atmosphere.
Contributing to the devastation was the fact that Kathmandu lies in a basin filled with about 2000 feet of sediments from a former lake.
Left alone in a fluid the beads drift with currents, like sticks in a river.
In a still bath the beads follow wavering trajectories as the thermal motion of water molecules buffets them from all sides.
and the inner wall of the Target Bay has created unique design, logistic and engineering challenges.
The sensors, on the other hand, have to be resistant to water and detergent. he first washability tests are in planning,
and monitor pockets of the ocean to track the health of fisheries, and survey marine habitats and species. In general, such robots are effective at carrying out low-level tasks,
such as staying a certain distance above the seafloor. Using the system devised by the MIT team,
along with groups from Woods hole oceanographic institution, the Australian Center for Field Robotics, the University of Rhode island, and elsewhere, tested several classes of AUVS,
and their ability to work cooperatively to map the ocean environment. The MIT researchers tested their system on an autonomous underwater glider,
and principal developer of the mission-planning system. ith this system, we were showing we could safely zigzag all the way around the reef,
Autonomy in the sea The system is similar to one that Williams developed for NASA following the loss of the Mars Observer, a spacecraft that, days before its scheduled insertion into Marsorbit in 1993,
Williams says. his was a chance to do the same thing under the sea. By giving robots control of higher-level decision-making
freeing the vehicles to explore more remote recesses of the sea. f you look at the ocean right now,
Williams says. ou could send sea vessels which send one autonomous vehicle, but that doesn show you a lot.
This technology can offer a whole new way to observe the ocean, which is exciting
When floated on water the particles form a sheet; when the water evaporates, it leaves the sheet suspended over a hole. t almost like a drumhead,
says Xiao-Min Lin, the staff scientist at the Center for Nanoscale Materials who led the project. ut it a very thin membrane made of a single layer of nanoparticles. rgonne researchers are able to fold gold nanoparticle membranes in a specific
when floated on water they try to avoid contact with it, so they end up distributing themselves in a nonuniform way across the top and bottom layers of the nanoparticle sheet.
ou use one type of molecule that hates water and rely on the water surfaces to drive the molecules to distribute non-uniformly,
or you could use two different kinds of molecules. The key is that the molecules have to distribute non-uniformly. he next step for Lin
you could use these to measure dissolved oxygen or ph from a lot of different sites all over a pond or a lake,
#Scientists pioneer method to track water flowing through glaciers Researchers for the first time have used seismic sensors to track meltwater flowing through glaciers and into the ocean,
The brown water that can be seen at the top of the picture is the subglacial discharge,
or meltwater, that has flowed through Alaska Yahtse Glacier and into the ocean. Scientists at The University of Texas at Austin have pioneered a method to track meltwater flowing through glaciers that end in the ocean.
The University of Texas Institute for Geophysics (UTIG) helped pioneer this new method on glaciers in Greenland and Alaska.
Meltwater moving through a glacier into the ocean is critically important because it can increase melting
The water can speed the glacier flow downhill toward the sea; it can move rocks, boulders and other sediments toward the terminus of the glacier along its base;
and stir warm ocean water, bringing it in contact with the glacier. t like when you drop an ice cube into a pot of warm water.
It will eventually melt, but it will melt a lot faster if you stir that water,
said Timothy Bartholomaus, a postdoctoral fellow at UTIG and the study lead author. ubglacial discharge provides that stirring. he new technique offers scientists a tool for tracking meltwater at glaciers that end in the ocean, called tidewater glaciers.
Unlike landlocked glaciers, where scientists can simply measure the meltwater flowing in glacial rivers there previously had not been a method available to track
what occurring within tidewater glaciers. ll of the biggest glaciers in Greenland, all of the biggest glaciers in Antarctica, they end in the ocean,
Bartholomaus said. e need to understand how these glaciers are moving and how they are melting at their front.
we need to know what occurring with the meltwater being discharged from the glacier. TIG research associate Jake Walter worked on the study.
they discovered that the seismic vibrations being detected by the equipment was caused by meltwater percolating down through the glacier and weaving its way through the complicated plumbing system in the interior of the ice.
Researchers tested the theory on glaciers with meltwater rivers and found that the timing of the meltwater
and the seismic signals synced perfectly. The method is very good at identifying when the glacial discharge is flowing into the ocean,
Bartholomaus said, but it will take more research to determine exactly how much water is flowing out. ow that we know
when subglacial discharge is faster or slower, we can make better measurements of glacier change,
and the oceans are coupled, and how the ocean might be affecting the behavior of tidewater glaciers. ource:
NSF, University of Texas at Austi U
#Study shifts understanding of how bone fractures heal It time to rewrite the textbook description of bone fracture healing.
These adaptations allow biological organisms to survive in a wide variety of different environments allowing animals to make the move from living in the water to living on land, for instance.
Velten says. here is potential for the discovery of water or other trapped volatiles under the surface.
Diffusion MRI measures the movement of water molecules to create a visual representation of the brain axons.
which provided a picture of the orientation of moving water molecules. And, multi-shell imaging was used on 78 healthy adults to get similar images using different imaging parameters.
The researchers also found that by looking at the general patterns of water movement in the basal ganglia,
#An engineered surface unsticks sticky water droplets The leaves of the lotus flower, and other natural surfaces that repel water
and dirt, have been the model for many types of engineered liquid-repelling surfaces. As slippery as these surfaces are,
however, tiny water droplets still stick to them. Now, Penn State researchers have developed nano/micro-textured, highly slippery surfaces able to outperform these naturally inspired coatings,
particularly when the water is a vapor or tiny droplets. Enhancing the mobility of liquid droplets on rough surfaces could improve condensation heat transfer for power-plant heat exchangers
create more efficient water harvesting in arid regions, and prevent icing and frosting on aircraft wings. his represents a fundamentally new concept in engineered surfaces,
The sticky Wenzel state results in many problems in condensation heat transfer, water harvesting and ice removal.
and Applied sciences (SEAS) and his team published their findings in the September 14 issue of Nature Materials.
Key to the method developed by Mooney team is the combination of two water-filled hydrogels with very different properties.
is water-permeable, and can survive the stomach acidic environment. Unlike many synthetic polymers, which are made often from petrochemicals,
or water and therapeutic drug monitoring at home, a feature which could drastically improve the efficient of various class of drugs and treatments v
or water and therapeutic drug monitoring at home, a feature which could drastically improve the efficient of various class of drugs and treatments v
Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and the Karp Lab at Brigham and Women Hospital have designed jointly a specialized catheter for fixing holes in the heart using a biodegradable adhesive and patch.
however, the Boston Children/Wyss/SEAS/Brigham and Women research team sought a way to deliver the patch without open heart surgery.
and other electrically conducting materials to be added to conventional water-based inks and printed using typical commercial equipment,
which is added to conductive water-based ink formulations. The ratio of the ingredients can be adjusted to control the liquid properties,
allowing the carrier solvent to be mixed easily into a conventional conductive water-based ink to significantly reduce the resistance.
Finding new and more efficient solutions to energy harvesting, nanoporous membranes for water desalinization, solar thermal fuels and more.
Supercomputers can create highly detailed simulations to track ocean currents or improve industry methods related to the discharge of pollutants
#Bubble, bubble, at the flick of a switch Boiling water, with its commotion of bubbles that rise from a surface as water comes to a boil,
is central to most electric power plants, heating and cooling systems, and desalination plants. Now, for the first time, researchers at MIT have found a way to control this process, literally with the flick of an electrical switch.
but these have required special fluids rather than water, and a thousandfold higher voltages, making them economically impractical for most uses.
The new feat was accomplished by adding surfactants to water essentially creating a soapy liquid. The surfactant molecules
the bubbles formed by boiling water also require nucleation. Tiny irregularities on a metal surface can provide those nucleation points,
#New company to produce water-disinfecting tablets invented at UVA A new University of Virginia-inspired public benefit company with a global health mission,
company officials announced at the 2015 Water and Health Conference, being held this week at the University of North carolina School of Global Public health.
The technology transfer company will produce ceramic water disinfection tablets called adidropsfor people in developing countries who have poor access to clean drinking water.
The company is an outgrowth of a project started in 2012 at UVA through a nonprofit organization called Puremadi. adiis the Tshivenda South african word for water.
which uses silver to disinfect water, was developed and extensively tested by UVA scientists and students.
and can repeatedly disinfect water for up to six months by simply resting in a 10-liter household water storage container. e wanted to maximize production and distribution of Madidrop,
and testing the water disinfectant. he goal of Madidrop PBC is to maximize health benefits,
With an effective use life of about six months per tablet, this is significantly cheaper than single-use chemical water purifying tablets,
Unlike small chemical tablets that dissolve in water and leave a chlorine aftertaste, Madidrop is made of a continuously reusable ceramic that is simply placed in a water vessel,
researchers find A type of bacteria plucked from the bottom of the ocean could be put to work neutralizing large amounts of industrial carbon dioxide in the Earth atmosphere,
It lives near hydrothermal vents, so the enzyme it produces is accustomed to high temperatures. That exactly what needed for the enzyme to work during the process of reducing industrial carbon dioxide,
The enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, catalyzes a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide interacts with the enzyme,
so Mckenna group found a way to produce the enzyme without repeatedly harvesting it from the sea floor.
but because they do not like water, they do not travel well in bodily fluids. In addition, other molecules in the cell could interact with the polypeptide to disrupt the spiral structure,
so that it is both water soluble and shielded from cross-reactions. The shielded spiral structures are inured to changes in temperature or ph,
It like the water flowing around a rock. Though it was just a model, Uhlmann theoretical device for cloaking magnetic fields would have practical applications,
and direction using wind data from the National oceanic and atmospheric administration (NOAA). The signal travels through the network balloon to balloon then to a ground-based station connected to an Internet service provider (ISP),
but under the water their little legs were going like crazy. Some stores totally panicked, as Patrick O'brien of retail analysts Verdict Retail told Techradar:"
That might explain why John Lewis boss Andy Street has poured cold water on the idea of Black Friday,
#Nasa confirms water on Mars, increasing chance of alien life Mars has long been known as our barren sister planet but today,
NASA scientists have announced they have found flowing water on the red desert planet. NASA and the Nature Geoscience journal released their findings on a Live Stream announcement stating that the long,
dark streaks found on Mars are a telltale sign of still flowing water on the Martian surface.
NASA scientists theorize the liquid water runs down canyons and cater walls during the summer months on Mars. Eventually these dark streaks dry up as the planet's surface cools in autumn.
The only question is where does the water come from? Astrologists suggest it may originate from underground water contained in ice or salty aquifers.
Another likely theory could be the water condenses into a liquid from Mars'atmosphere. To this day, Earth is still the only planet in the known universe with liquid H2o on its surface
and so finding out flowing water once exists on Mars is huge. Beyond the geological discovery, dramatically increases our chances of finding extraterrestrial life.
If life On earth is any indication, water is the central building block to all animals, bacteria and everything else alive today y
#Sharp wants to sell you a little robot as your next smartphone Not taken by the Nexus 6p?
and antifouling Researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) have developed a new coating for steel,
The coating is applied using an electrochemical technique that deposits an ultrathin film of tungsten oxide islands on to the steel.
As each liquid-repelling island is connected not structurally its neighbours, damage to one does not effect the integrity of others,
including water, oil, and biological fluids containing bacteria and blood. According to the researchers, all liquids were repelled,
#New electrode improves solar efficiency to split water Scientists from the Universities of Chicago and Wisconsin have developed a new type of electrode for splitting water with sunlight,
harvesting the hydrogen to be used as clean fuel. Sun-capturing electrodes are designed to absorb as much of the solar spectrum as possible to maximise efficiency.
the nitrogen also lowered the energy needed to kick electrons into the state in which they were available to split water.
Splitting water into its constituent elements has long been touted as a potential source of clean and sustainable energy,
According to UW-Madison, each of Jiang half-millimetre diameter lenses resembles a series of ripples on water emanating out from the splash of a stone.
#Revolutionary tidal fence is set to trap the sea power A British company has announced plans for an array of unique marine turbines that can operate in shallower and slower-moving water than current designs.
what is called a tidal energy fence, one kilometre long, in the Bristol Channel#an estuary dividing South Wales from the west of England#at a cost of £143m.
And just to visualise that, it like one small nuclear reactor worth of electricity being generated from the tides in the Bristol Channel. he new Transverse Horizontal Axis Water turbine (THAWT)
and should be suitable for the waters around Britain, as well as overseas. Because the turbines sit horizontally beneath the surface of the sea
they can be sited in water shallower than the 30-metre depth typically required by current designs.
And because the water is slow-moving, the company says, fish can safely avoid the turbinesblades.
Although the technology is regarded as environmentally benign, Kepler says it will still undergo a rigorous environmental impact assessment during the planning process to ensure that it poses no significant risk to marine life and to other users of the sea.
There is more good news for proponents of renewable energy after the UK government #which is no longer encouraging onshore wind
The new wind farm is to be built near the Dogger Bank in the North sea and will have 400 turbines.
But the fossil fuel industry is far from abandoning its own interest in British waters as the energy giant BP has announced that it is to invest about £670m to extend the life of its North sea assets.
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