The discovery lays the base for developing designed enzymes as catalysts to new chemical reactions for instance in biotechnological applications.
Its a bit like a camera with very small pixels.""Left: The scanning quantum dot micrograph of a PTCDA molecule reveals the negative partial charges at the ends of the molecule as well as the positive partial charges in the centre.
or protein subunits that have multiple sites for inactivation, but that are linked inextricably, this method allows for killing
"said Boubacar Kant, a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer engineering at the UC San diego Jacobs School of engineering and the senior author of the study."
The researchers used Computer-aided design software with electromagnetic simulation to design and optimize the cloak. The cloak was modeled as a thin matrix of Teflon in
"Our computer simulations show how our cloaking device would behave in reality. We were able to demonstrate that a thin cloak designed with cylinder-shaped dielectric particles can help us significantly reduce the object's shadow.""
Abbey Liebman 10 created a dress using conductive cotton threads capable of charging an iphone.
With ultrathin solar panels for trim and a USB charger tucked into the waist, the Southwest-inspired garment captured enough sunshine to charge cell phones
and other handheld devices allowing the wearer to stay plugged in. The technology may be embedded into shirts to measure heart rate
Dr. Zhang, Padmos and their collaborators from Northwestern University and University of California, Riverside combined a powerful x-ray from a mile-sized synchrotron facility with computer modelling based on density functional theory.
and environmentally benign method to combat bacteria by engineering nanoscale particles that add the antimicrobial potency of silver to a core of lignin,
In a study published in Nature Nanotechnology("An environmentally benign antimicrobial nanoparticle based on a silver-infused lignin core),
The remaining particles degrade easily after disposal because of their biocompatible lignin core, limiting the risk to the environment.
and environmentally responsible method to make effective antimicrobials with biomaterial cores. The researchers used the nanoparticles to attack E coli
In a paper published July 10 in the journal Physical Review Letters("Extraordinarily large optical cross section for localized single nanoresonator"),Zongfu Yu, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering,
-actin mrna in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Sticky-flares are built upon another technology from Mirkin's group called Nanoflares,
it takes a great deal of energy to excite electrons from one level to another--and only displays photocatalytic properties under ultraviolet light.
When light strikes Tio2 and excites one of its electrons the silver will pull that electron away
Nanoparticles made from these polymers have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell. Due to molecular-scale forces
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
The user draws the desired structure in the form of a polygon object, in 3d software normally used for computer-aided design or animation.
Graph-theoretic algorithms and optimization techniques are used then to calculate the DNA sequences needed to produce the structure.
When the synthesized DNA sequences are combined in a salt solution, they assemble themselves into the correct structure.
and we can do it in the same way as one might draw a 3d structure for printing out in macroscopic scale,
Advanced computing methods are likely to be a key enabler in the scaling of DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY from fundamental studies towards groundbreaking applications,
New ways of generating spin currents may be important for low-power high-speed spin based computing (spintronics),
"said Anand Bhattacharya, a physicist in Argonne's Materials science Division and the Center for Nanoscale Materials (a DOE Office of Science user facility),
"The scientists also want to look for other materials that display this effect.""We think that there may be other new physics working here,
At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
and transmit data, computers could operate even faster. But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
While lasers can fit this requirement they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
"said Maiken Mikkelsen, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at Duke.""We can now start to think about making fast-switching devices based on this research,
#A new type of modulator for the future of data transmission In February 1880 in his laboratory in Washington the American inventor Alexander graham bell developed a device
which he himself called his greatest achievement, greater even than the telephone: the"photophone"."Bell's idea to transmit spoken words over large distances using light was the forerunner of a technology without
which the modern internet would be unthinkable. Today, huge amounts of data are sent incredibly fast through fibre optic-cables cables as light pulses.
For that purpose they first have to be converted from electrical signals, which are used by computers and telephones, into optical signals.
In Bell's days it was a simple, very thin mirror that turned sound waves into modulated light.
Modern telecommunications use laser light with a wavelength of one and a half micrometers, which accordingly is the lower limit for the size of a modulator.
and thus to create the pulses necessary for data transfer, the researchers use the working principle of an interferometer.
As such a modulator is much smaller than conventional devices it consumes very little energy-only a few thousandth of Watts at a data transmission rate of 70 Gigabits per second.
given that the amount of energy used worldwide for data transmission is considerable-after all, there are modulators in every single fibre optic line.
Every year increasing amounts of data need to be transmitted at ever higher speed, which leads to an increasing energy consumption.
A hundredfold energy saving would, therefore, be more than welcome.""Our modulator provides more communication with less energy,
and one oxygen atom) can be polymerized to form polycarbonates in reactions that use special catalysts.
and progenitor cells isolated from the fetal liver of a mouse in Tan's lab. As Tan explained,"
In optical communications, laser pulses are used to transmit information along fiber-optic cables for telephone service, the Internet and cable television.
Both the data stream and the control signals are optical pulses.""Being able to modulate the amount of light reflected is necessary for potential industrial applications such as data transmission."
"We can engineer the film to provide either a decrease or an increase in reflection,
working with a team of researchers led by Alexandra Boltasseva, an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering,
and Vladimir M. Shalaev, scientific director of nanophotonics at Purdue's Birck Nanotechnology Center and a distinguished professor of electrical and computer engineering."
or a decrease in the reflection to encode data. It just depends on what you are trying to do.
"Findings were detailed in a research paper appearing in July in the journal Optica("Epsilon-near-zero Al-doped Zno for ultrafast switching at telecom wavelengths"),published by the Optical
#How to look for a few good catalysts Two key physical phenomena take place at the surfaces of materials:
The discovery could make it easier to find new catalysts for particular applications, among other potential benefits.
Ideally, this understanding helps us design new catalysts, Stoerzinger says. If a given material has a lower affinity for water,
#Light switches on a DVD There could be more to DVDS than has been assumed to date. The material comprised of germanium, antimony and tellurium in
which data media store information may also be suitable as an extremely fast light switch for optical communication or data processing.
"The storage mechanism in DVDS is based on the fact that laser pulses rearrange the structure of the material,
While DVDS are likely to soon become a thing of the past, this may not apply to their storage material.
This is because the data media, which have become familiar mainly as media for films, are increasingly being replaced by other storage techniques.
The material owes its job to the fact that, in rewritable DVDS, laser pulses can convert it very quickly from a strongly reflective crystalline state into a much less reflective disordered version..
The two states then encode the zeros and ones of digital information. The work we have done shows that the material can also be used for applications other than data storage,
as Ralph Ernstorfer, Research Group Leader at the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society in Berlin states.
this time is sufficient to qualify the material for uses other than data storage. Since the realignment of the atoms causes stress and eventually fractures in the material, the atomic lattice of a substance cannot be rearranged infinitely often.
which forms part of the specification profile for a rapid switch in the optical data stream. If we succeed in quickly removing the energy
In the first demonstration of how the technology works, published July 30 in the journal Cell("Saturated Reconstruction of a Volume of Neocortex"),the researchers look inside the brain of an adult mouse at a scale previously unachievable, generating images
Arrows point to other varicosities of this axon that are innervating dendritic spines of other neurons (data not shown.
which is a way of saying that I would prefer to generate a hypothesis from the data
"The researchers have begun the process of mining their imaging data by looking first at an area of the brain that receives sensory information from mouse whiskers,
The cost and data storage demands for this type of research are still high, but the researchers expect expenses to drop over time (as has been the case with genome sequencing).
To facilitate data sharing, the scientists are now partnering with Argonne National Laboratory with the hopes of creating a national brain laboratory that neuroscientists around the world can access within the next few years."
"As long as data is showing you things that are unexpected, then you're definitely doing the right thing.
when we look at this data that we don't see something that we've never seen before. r
or use computer simulations to visualize how particles can form and attach. The international group met for a three-day workshop in Berkeley, California,
#From cameras to computers, new material could change how we work and play Serendipity has as much a place in science as in love.
from 20-megapixel arrays for cellphone cameras to photo detectors to atomically thin transistors that when multiplied by the billions could fuel computers.
promises to capture all those stray radio waves emitted back and forth between wireless phones and the towers through
extending a smartphone's battery life by as much as 30%.%Announced as part of an upcoming Kickstarter fundraising campaign, the technology,
which Nikola's designers engineered into a special case made for Apple's iphone, reportedly harvests the electromagnetic radiation transferring to and from mobile phones and converts it into direct current (DC) electrical energy,
which is recycled then back into the phone's battery.""Nikola Technology efficiently converts RF signals like Wi-fi, Bluetooth,
and LTE into DC power using its proprietary energy harvesting circuit, "explains the company on its website."
"The result is usable energy that can provide power to mobile devices wirelessly.""Though not perfect by any means, Nikola energy-capturing case holds promise For a sponsorship contribution of $99,
early supporters of the project will gain exclusive first-issue access to the case, which doesn't so much charge an iphone actively as it does extend its normal battery life.
Still, the case's novelty, and more importantly its longer-term potential, is what stands to inspire a new generation to take advantage of energy inefficiency and waste.
One major drawback to the technology is that its relatively slow to harvest energy, and the case itself doesn't contain an actual battery of its own to store excess charge.
At the same time the case itself is small and form-fits well to the iphone, acting as an all-in-one battery extension package that's sleek, discreet and unobtrusive."
"As magical as this sounds, the iphone case won't be able to charge your phone from zero to 100,
%"explains Business Insider about the case, which captures some 90%of the stray signals that would
either--the antenna and power-converting circuit can only extend the battery life of an iphone 6 by about 30,
. and her colleagues evaluated data from the Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care survey,
Nearly 80 percent of new mothers start out breastfeeding their children, according to the data. However, after about one week following birth, 25 percent of these drop off
Intravenous Vitamin c has that potential based on our basic science research and early clinical data.""Replicating these results in patients
It's much nicer to turn on the local TV and hear how Gov. Jerry brown is going to brilliantly solve all of California's problems by using the magic of wishful thinking and sleight-of-mind economic trickery.
"said Volker Kauder, parliamentary floor leader of Chancellor Angela Merkel's conservatives, in an interview with ARD television, Reuters reported.
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#Blown-up brains reveal nanoscale details Microscopes make living cells and tissues appear bigger. But what if we could actually make the things bigger?
In one experiment with inflated mouse brain tissue, the researchers gauged the distance between two proteins that sit on opposite ends of neural synapses.
At the meeting, he showed an image of a half-millimetre slab of the mouse brain's hippocampus
Pushing boundaries Viviana Gradinaru, a neuroscientist at the California Institute of technology in Pasadena, says that Boyden technique is another example of how scientists are bypassing hardware limitations by modifying biological tissue.
But teixobactin has disappointed in its failure to kill ram-negativebacteria. This class, says Eisenstein, is a particular health concern
Marvin Andujar and Chris Crawford, have built a mind-machine method to control a drone through a wearable electroencephalographic (EEG) Brain-Computer Interface device.
The drone operates based on user cognitive commands. When the user thinks forward, the drone moves forward towards the direction it is facing.
While the drone flies, the user is able to view the flight from FPV (first-person view) via a front-facing camera. his project serves as the beginning of brain-machine control as a human-centric application says Marvin Andujar
who is also a member of our Neurogadget editorial team. The idea is to use the BCI, drones and other machines such as a humanoid as a third arm for humans.
The next step for this research is to incorporate a two way system that monitors user levels of engagement, cognitive workload
and provide a positive user experience, they need to understand how the users feel. By Marvin Andujarvideo credits:
The Division of Multimedia Properties at University of Florid f
#Jaguar land rover Mind Sense research monitors brainwaves through the hands via sensors in the steering wheel Jaguar land rover has revealed the ixth Senseproject,
a range of new road safety technology research projects that are being developed to reduce the number of accidents caused by stressed and distracted drivers.
With its road safety research, The british firm is joining a number of other car makers that have been researching the measurement of brainwaves to monitor driver concentration in the car.
Even if the eyes are on the road, a lack of concentration or a daydream will mean the driver isn paying attention to the driving task.
or be less aware of other road users so we are looking at how we could identify this
software is used to amplify the signal and filter out the pure brainwave from any background oisejaguar Land rover is currently conducting user trials to collect more information on the different brainwaves identified through the steering wheel sensors
and will involve leading neuroscientists in the project to verify the results. On top of brainwave monitoring, Jaguar land rover is also assessing how a vehicle could monitor the well-being of the driver using a medical-grade sensor embedded in the seat of a JAGUAR XJ.
but also allow the car to monitor driver stress levels. This would then allow the car to help reduce stress, for example by changing mood lighting, audio settings and climate control.
which means users wouldn have to touch the screen itself. In user trials this increases the speed of successful button selection by 22 per cent and therefore reduces the amount of time the driver is looking at the screen with their eyes off the road.
The system could also use mid-air touch to provide the driver with a sensation,
there will be no need for the driver to glance at the screen for visual confirmation which would help keep their gaze on the road ahead.
and drive the car through an electroencephalography (EEG) headset manufactured by Emotiv. The BMW was fitted with a mechanical rig capable of pressing the pedals and turning the steering wheel on command
while the drivers received an EEG neuro headset to monitor their brain activity while being trained to remotely drive the car.
According to this Dailymail article, the software can be trained to associate a person thinking about a floating balloon with turning left.
This includes statistics fed back by a telematics box in the car reporting on how safely
Moneysupermarket has created also a mobile game controlled using facial recognition and gestures using their phone camera n
#Using Thought to Control a Robotic Arm The next generation of neuroprosthetics: More natural, effortless, intuitive movement achieved.
and staff at Rancho Los Amigos to control a computer cursor and a robotic arm with his mind.
The arrays are connected by a cable to a system of computers that process the signals,
to decode the brain intent and control output devices, such as a computer cursor and a robotic arm. hese arrays are very small so their placement has to be exceptionally precise,
and it took a tremendous amount of planning, working with the Caltech team to make sure we got it right,
the location, the positioning and how you manage the hardware. Keep in mind that what wee able to dohe ability to record the brain signals
where a computer was attached directly to the ports extending from his skull, to communicate with his brain.
such as controlling a computer cursor; drinking a beverage; making a handshaking gesture; and performing various tasks with the robotic arm.
The implanted device and signal processors used in the Caltech-led clinical trial were the Neuroport Array
and Neuroport Bio-potential Signal Processors developed by Blackrock Microsystems in Salt lake city, Utah. The robotic arm used in the trial was the Modular Prosthetic Limb,
The vessels were detected after Louveau developed a method to mount a mouse meninges the membranes covering the brain on a single slide
To reach their conclusions scientists compared the genetic data of 11,355 patients with schizophrenia against a control group of 16,416 people without the condition.
according to the paper lead author Ram Madabhushi, a postdoc in Tsai laboratory. hen we knocked down this enzyme,
providing the most compelling evidence to date that this is a core transcriptional control mechanism, he says. anticipate that this advance will have broad implications ranging from the basic biology of transcription to pathological mechanisms involved in diseases such as Alzheimer disease
It like erasing a computer disk before you add new data. hen an egg cell is fertilised by a sperm,
However, data analysis of human diseases suggests that such genes are associated with conditions such as schizophrenia, metabolic disorders and obesity.
Aix-Marseille and the German Mouse Clinic teamed up to investigate the initiation process of dendritic spines.
#Planarian Regeneration Model Discovered by Artificial intelligence An artificial intelligence system has for the first time reverse-engineered the regeneration mechanism of planariahe small worms
However, no such tools yet exist for mining the fast-growing mountain of published experimental data in regeneration
Lobo and Levin developed an algorithm that would use evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to volveto accurately predict the results of published laboratory experiments that the researchers entered into a database. ur goal was to identify a regulatory network that could be executed in every cell
so that the head-tail patterning outcomes of simulated experiments would match the published data, Lobo said.
Tufts biologists devloped an algorithm that used evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to volveto accurately predict the results of published research on planarian regeneration.
The algorithm compared the resulting shape from the simulation with real published data in the database.
gradually the new networks could explain more experiments in the database comprising most of the known planarian experimental literature regarding head vs. tail regeneration.
First Regenerative Model Discovered by Artificial intelligence The researchers ultimately applied the algorithm to a combined experimental dataset of 16 key planarian regeneration experiments to determine
After 42 hours, the algorithm returned the discovered regulatory network, which correctly predicted all 16 experiments in the dataset.
and is the first regenerative model discovered by artificial intelligence, said Levin. Lobo and Levin are trained both in computer science
and bring an unusual perspective to the field of developmental biology. Levin majored in computer science and biology at Tufts before earning his Ph d. in genetics.
Lobo earned a Ph d. in the field before joining the Levin lab. The paper represents a successful application of the growing field of obot sciencewhich Levin says can help human researchers by doing much more than crunch enormous datasets quickly. hile
the artificial intelligence in this project did have to do a whole lot of computations, the outcome is a theory of
All this suggests to me that artificial intelligence can help with every aspect of science, not only data mining but also inference of meaning of the data. n
#Injectable Device Delivers a Nano-View of the Brain Promise against disease in electronic scaffolds.
the team devised a computer algorithm to process OCT data and, nearly instantaneously, generate a color-coded map with cancer in red and healthy tissue in green. e envision that the OCT would be aimed at the area being operated on,
and the surgeon could look at a screen to get a continuously updated picture of where the cancer is
The data were analyzed then with the help of statistical pattern-recognition methods. The scientists were able to conclude from the various active brain areas which of the three categories (long-known, recently heard,
transmitting their instructions in real time via internet from their home country. By virtue of its video camera
screen and wheels, the robot, located in a laboratory of Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL, Switzerland), was able to film as it moved
while displaying the face of the remote pilot via Skype. The person at the controls,
and the computer, allowing the pilot to rest while navigating. No difference between healthy and disabled subjects In the end, the tests revealed no difference in piloting ability between healthy and disabled subjects.
project called TOBI (Tools for Brain-Computer Interaction which began in 2008. Will robots soon become a fact of daily life for people suffering from a disability?
by adding the concept of wireless communication, the biosensor could be placed in one part of the body,
The video is available at the karolinskainstitutet Youtube pageoriginal Research: Abstract for n organic electronic biomimetic neuron enables auto-regulated neuromodulationby Daniel T. Simon, Karin C. Larsson, David Nilsson, Gustav Burström, Dagmar
When exceeding defined threshold concentrations, biosensor output signals, connected via custom hardware/software, activated local or distant neurotransmitter delivery from the organic electronic ion pump.
applicable for bridging injured sites and active prosthetics. se of Brain MRI Atlases to Determine Boundaries Of age-Related Pathology:
and looked at the longstanding theory that pain is transmitted from the site of injury or inflammation through the nervous system using an immune system cell called microglia.
To study histone composition in mouse nerve cells and related turnover, researchers fed young, post-weaning rodents a special diet containing heavy labeled lysines,
10.1016/j. neuron. 2015.06.014 Abstractcritical Role of Histone Turnover in Neuronal Transcription and Plasticityhighlights 3. 3 displays a unique saturating profile of nucleosome occupancy in postnatal brain
#Detecting Eye diseases With Help of a Smartphone Researchers at the Medical and Surgical Center for Retina developed software that detects eye diseases such as diabetic macular edema using a smartphone.
The system is aimed at general physicians who could detect the condition and refer the patient to a specialist.
The software was developed in collaboration with biomedical engineers from the ITESM and uses the camera of the phone to detect any abnormality in the thickness of the retina. he idea is to detect
and prevent diseases in general practice. We are not replacing the specialist we want to know which patients have a disease
and send the patient to the specialist. sing the software will reduce costs and streamline the Mexican health system.
Software development has been satisfactory and is expected to soon be marketed and incorporated the basic health system.
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