as they do in computer chips. As a semimetal, graphene naturally has no bandgaps, making it a challenge for widespread industry adoption.
a DOE Office of Science User Facility located at Argonne.""We have some very unique capabilities here at the Center for Nanoscale Materials,
Data gathered from the electron signatures allowed the researchers to create images of the material's dimensions and orientation.
what our data really meant, said senior author Erez Lieberman Aiden, a geneticist and computer scientist with joint appointments at Baylor and Rice. hen one day,
we realized that we been carrying the solution arounditerally, on our backor decades! The human genome contains more than 20,000 genes.
Aiden, assistant professor of genetics at Baylor and of computer science and computational and applied mathematics at Rice, said Sanborn
and study co-first author Suhas Rao showed that they could combine the tri-glide model with mathematics
and high-performance computation to predict how a genome will fold. The team confirmed their predictions by making tiny modifications in a cell genome
he said. n our data, we noticed that when particular keywords appeared, a loop would form.
but they proved mathematically that such packing could not explain the data. Next, the researchers tested a model of DNA folding where tension along the DNA chain caused it to condense like an elastic band
but this model also did not fit the data. Eventually, they hit on the tri-glide model.
Future work for Tkaczyk and his colleagues includes developing an automated algorithm for white blood cell identification,
reflectors, and USB detectors, combined with the all-plastic housing and lenses will allow for future versions of the prototype to be mass-produced.
not only a cheaper and more user friendly solution, but a solution that comes with no compromise regarding noise resolution,
Catalysts can split water into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen atoms, a process required for fuel cells.
detailed in Nature Communications, is a significant step toward lower-cost catalysts for energy production, according to the researchers. hat unique about this paper is that we show not the use of metal particles, not the use of metal nanoparticles,
Wee getting away with very little cobalt to make a catalyst that nearly matches the best platinum catalysts.
Tour said single-atom catalysts have been realized in liquids, but rarely on a surface. his way we can build electrodes out of it,
He noted platinum-carbon catalysts still boast the lowest onset voltage. o question, theye the best.
including computer chips and other optoelectronic components.""Our results demonstrate relatively fast modulation from fundamentally slow phosphorescent light emitters,
an important phosphor that is widely used in fiber-optic telecommunication networks. He combined that with a material called vanadium dioxide (VO2.
One example could be optical communications networks on computer chips. Prototype on-chip networks have used semiconductor lasers as light emitters.
and quickly turns into a gel that conforms to the site of a wound, keeping it closed,
and injected at the site of a wound, where they reassemble themselves into a gel.
Linbo3 is used in many electronic devices dealing with high-frequency signals such as cell phones or radar installations.
Cell phones, for example, use resonances of these surface waves to filter electric signals in a manner similar to a wine glass resonating when a voice hits it at exactly the right pitch.
and some are familiar with the different magnetic phases that store data in our electronic devices and the liquid crystalline phases that are used to create an image on certain electronic displays,
but there are many other phases, Csáthy said. In 1937 physicist Lev Landau established a theoretical framework that explained
Manfra also is a professor of both materials engineering and electrical and computer engineering. The gallium arsenide crystals grown using the molecular beam epitaxy technique serve as a model platform to explore the many phases that arise among strongly interacting electrons,
so that the data can be compared to the developing theories, Csáthy said
#Promising technique improves hydrogen production of affordable alternative to platinum Scientists have demonstrated that microwaves can help create nanostructured molybdenum disulfide (Mos2) catalysts with an improved ability to produce hydrogen.
The microwave-assisted strategy works by increasing the space, and therefore decreasing the interaction, between individual layers of Mos2 nanosheets.
This exposes a larger fraction of reactive sites along the edges of these surfaces where hydrogen can be produced.
Atomistic first-principles calculations show that the increase in spacing between the layers changes the electronic and chemical properties of these edge sites,
a U s. Dept of energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility based at DOE Argonne National Laboratory."
"The microwave-assisted strategy could be a viable way to design advanced molybdenum disulfide catalysts for hydrogen production
Earth-abundant materials that could provide low-cost alternatives to platinum-based catalysts. Platinum is an extremely efficient catalyst for splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen
and Hollywood A team of researchers at MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Lab (CSAIL) has believed long that wireless signals like Wifi can be used to see things that are invisible to the naked eye.
director of the Wireless@MIT center. ou could also imagine it being used to operate your lights and TVS,
The emitted radiation is approximately 1/10,000 the amount given off by a standard cellphone.
he data you get back from these reflections are very minimal, says Katabi. owever, we can extract meaningful signals through a series of algorithms we developed that minimize the random noise produced by the reflections.
The technology operates in two stages: First, it scans 3-D space to capture wireless reflections off objects in the environment,
the device then monitors how these reflections vary as someone moves in the environment and intelligently stitches the person reflections across time to reconstruct his silhouette into a single image.
In August the team presented Emerald to President Obama as part of the White house first annual Demo Day. n the same way that cellphones and Wifi routers have become indispensable parts
#How wireless x-ray vision could power virtual reality A team of researchers at Massachusetts institute of technology (MIT) Computer science
and Artificial intelligence Lab (CSAIL) has believed long that wireless signals like Wi-fi can be used to see things that are invisible to the naked eye.
director of the Wireless@MIT center. ou could also imagine it being used to operate your lights and TVS,
The emitted radiation is approximately 1/10,000 the amount given off by a standard cellphone.
he data you get back from these reflections are very minimal, says Katabi. owever, we can extract meaningful signals through a series of algorithms we developed that minimize the random noise produced by the reflections.
The technology operates in two stages: First, it scans 3-D space to capture wireless reflections off objects in the environment,
the device then monitors how these reflections vary as someone moves in the environment and intelligently stitches the person reflections across time to reconstruct his silhouette into a single image.
In August the team presented Emerald to President Obama as part of the White house first annual Demo Day. n the same way that cellphones and Wifi routers have become indispensable parts
Apart from the possibility of a smartphone which lasts for days without needing to be charged,
In the lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries we use in our laptops and smartphones, the negative electrode is made of graphite (a form of carbon),
#Researchers create transplantation model for 3-D printed constructs Using sugar, silicone and a 3-D printer,
-D printing. But rather than printing a whole construct directly, the researchers fabricated sacrificial templates for the vessels that would be inside the construct.
Using an open-source 3-D printer that lays down individual filaments of sugar glass one layer at a time
Scientists have experimented for decades with a class of catalysts known as zeolites that transform alcohols such as ethanol into higher-grade hydrocarbons.
Instead, an energy-producing"hydrocarbon pool"mechanism allows the zeolite catalysts to directly produce longer hydrocarbon chains from the original alcohols."
There is increasing evidence that computer-assisted training can help people with schizophrenia overcome some of their symptoms, with better outcomes in their daily lives.
In the healthcare industry, these printers are used by dentists to create replicas of jaws and teeth as well as some finished dental implants and orthopedic surgeons have tested them to make customized hip replacements.
especially when we are talking about the core enabling technologies, "he said. The core enabling technology, the ability to print out car components that can be assembled easily,
is what Kevin Czinger hopes will revolutionize car manufacturing. He says electric cars are a step in the right direction,
and the number of suitable sites for them are reduced vastly by the size of their large blades,
which is the size of a laptop and resembles a skateboard more than a car. The slender Walkcar is made from aluminum
the user just shifts their weight. Best of all, there is no need to find a parking space, because it fits into a small bag when not in use.
Sato says customers will be able to reserve their own Walkcars from autumn 2015 on the crowdfunding website Kickstarter.
#Electronic skin sensors to control mobile gadgets A skin-worn sensor that turns the human body into a touch sensitive surface for controlling mobile devices has been developed by scientists in Germany. iskin is made from biocompatible silicone rubber
with pressure-sensitive sensors that are stuck to the skin of the users, allowing them to use their own body to control mobile devices.
Developed by scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Informatics and Saarland University, the experimental system has been produced in different shapes and sizes to suit various locations on the body, such as the finger,
forearm and even behind the earlobe. The sensor is capable of detecting touch input pressure even
A roll up keyboard for use with a smart watch has also been designed. iskin's thin,
soft and flexible design presents new possibilities for mobile interaction that have not been possible with existing hardware, according to co-developer Martin Weigel."
pressure and temperature. iskin's makers saw this as an ideal platform for on-body interaction for mobile computing."(
However, we are the first to look into how we can use it on the body to control mobile devices;
After creating the tattoo-like designs on a computer, a laser cutter traces out the design
The current prototypes are wired to a computer, although the technology could evolve to use integrated microchips.
the team hope it will inspire future research on electronic skin for human computer interaction n
#Google to become Alphabet Inc in shakeup Google Inc (GOOGL. O) announced a major shake-up of its operating structure on Monday, creating a holding company called Alphabet
which will contain subsidiaries to separate its core web advertising business from newer ventures like driverless cars.
The move appeared to be an attempt to let the search engine giant focus on its more creative and ambitious projects,
while investors cheered the potential for more financial disclosures of its disparate business segments.""It suggests that in all likelihood,
Google is not going to slow the pace of their experimental processes like self driving cars, "said Michael Yoshikami,
The surprise news sent shares of Google up as much as 7 percent to $708 in after hours trading."
Google's planned structure resembles the way companies like Berkshire hathaway and General electric are organized, with a central unit handling corporate-wide activities such as finance
the Google unit will encompass the core search engine traditionally associated with the company as well Google maps and Youtube.
Alphabet Inc will replace Google as the publicly traded entity and all shares of Google will automatically convert into the same number of shares of Alphabet, with all of the same rights."
"This new structure will allow us to keep tremendous focus on the extraordinary opportunities we have inside of Google,
"said current Google CEO Larry page in a blogpost. Analysts also said the new structure could herald a new era of fiscal discipline and transparency in some of its more experimental and opaque business units.
In a SEC filing, Google said the new arrangement will take effect later this year and that it will likely result in two reportable, financial segments."
"For example, if a unit is doing well or badly they can dial it up or down,
The shuffle also looked to have the markings of Ruth Porat, who joined Google as its chief financial officer in March from Morgan stanley. In Google's recent quarterly conference call, Porat repeatedly emphasized keeping expenses under control.
Porat will serve as the CFO of both Alphabet and Google. Page will serve as the CEO of the newly created holding company and Sundar Pichai,
a long-time Google executive who most recently served as the company's senior vice president of products, will head Google.
The company's current directors will become directors of Alphabet. Google cofounder Brin will become president of Alphabet,
and Eric Schmidt will be executive chairman. Analysts said the move, which was mainly about transparency
#Google redesigns iconic logo for the fifth time Google Inc unveiled a redesign of its iconic logo on Tuesday,
the fifth such modification since the search engine giant started in 1998, the company said in a blog post.
The revamped logo, displayed as a Google Doodle on its homepage, spells'Google'in a sans-serif typeface,
similar to the one being used by Google's newly created holding company, Alphabet. bit. ly/1evu49a) The compact version of the logo, used to identify most of its apps,
bids farewell to the little blue"g"icon and replaces it with a uppercase"G"colored in blue, red,
yellow and green to match the full logo. The new brand identity"aims to make Google more accessible and useful to our users,
"the company said in a blog post explaining the logo. bit. ly/1jvgik1) The new logo comes three weeks after the company's surprise move to create a holding company called Alphabet to pool its many subsidiaries
and separate the core web advertising business from newer ventures like driverless cars s
#Nine of world's biggest banks join to form blockchain partnership Nine of the world's biggest banks including Goldman sachs
and Barclays have joined forces with New york-based financial tech firm R3 to create a framework for using blockchain technology in the markets,
web-based"crytocurrency"-can be used in finance. Over the past year, interest in blockchain technology has grown rapidly.
and shared by a global network of computers and therefore is virtually tamper-proof. The Bank of england has dedicated a team to it
"The data that can be secured using the technology is restricted not to bitcoin transactions. Two parties could use it to exchange any other information,
Fragmented forests experienced a decline in their core ecosystem functions as well: they were less able to sequester carbon dioxide,
and then trapped at the core and the third is described best as a high-intensity cage that surrounds the objects
and whether a tumor is likely to spread to other sites. The findings also open the possibility of new therapies aimed at measuring
"The researchers also looked at the process in a mouse model and found that Grb2 depletion results in the development of multiple tumors in the vicinity of a primary tumour,
Measuring the levels of the proteins in patient tissues followed by database analysis of clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas
1. Statistical data reveal that just under 40%of patients with a favorable balance were still alive seven years after samples were taken.
1 and FGFR2 binding sites survived the same length of time. The research was funded by the G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Charitable Foundation, the National institute of health (NIH), the RGK Foundation and the Gilder Foundation.
Data from 83 010 male veterans, all without history of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, who were treated between December 1999
and reprogram your hard drive, this virus reprogrammed the genetic machinery of the M1t1 strep into a more virulent form,
#Spontaneous Rare Mutations Cause Half Of Autism Researchers are saying a new analysis of data on the genetics of autism spectrum disorder disputes a commonly held belief that autism results from the chance combinations
The team's data helps the research community prioritize which genes with LGDS are most likely to play a causal role in ASD.
Bogyo's team has developed ways of conducting high-throughput screens of small molecules to speedily test their ability to inhibit
whose lab is adept at using mouse models of C. difficile infection. The researchers incubated Toxin B in a solution either containing
Bogyo and colleagues tested ebselen in a mouse model that more accurately mimics a clinical scenario in
surgeons reroute healthy nerves sitting above the injury site, usually in the shoulders or elbows, to paralyzed nerves in the hand or arm.
The data demonstrates the value of high-coverage sequencing for constructing population-specific variant panels, which covers 99.0%SNVS of minor allele frequency?
which has a technology that uses an inkjet printer to deposit flexible circuits onto plastic.
And the inkjet printing fabrication process suggests how a network of sensors could be deposited over a flexible layer and folded over a prosthetic hand."
"Based on our clinical data, we helped validate that this could be applied to melanoma and lung cancers,"said Dr. Nhan Tran, an Associate professor in Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN)' s Cancer and Cell biology Division,
"If the fluorescence molecules glow, this indicates that the mouse is developing chronic epileptic seizures, "says the molecular biologist Prof.
and then trapped at the core and the third is described best as a high-intensity cage that surrounds the objects and holds them in place from all directions s
and computer laptops if you have the technical know-how. Most of the time, communications are approved officially by NASA.
and his team at Cocoa Motors, have created a laptop-sized personal vehicle that weighs less than seven pounds.
"Once located at the site of the blood clot, thrombin-a molecule at the centre of the clotting process-breaks open the outer layer of the nanocapsule,
such as answering incoming calls on a smartphone, controlling playback on a music player, or even typing
and sending whole messages using printed QWERTY-style keyboard interfaces. Depending on what level of control the user requires,
the developers say customisable iskin patches could be created and printed for different sorts of personalised applications. he stickers allow us to enlarge the input space accessible to the user as they can be attached practically anywhere on the body,
said Weigel in a press release. hey are also skin-friendly, as they are attached to the skin with a biocompatible, medical-grade adhesive.
with resistive (firm) and capacative (light touches potentially enabling different sorts of user control. At this stage, the researchers aren planning a commercial release for iskin
A select number of cars will be fitted with the requisite wireless charging technology and a test road will be built to show how smaller substations, AC/AC converters,
and offers great stability. here are many catalysts that are sophisticated considerably more than nickel and often involving obscure and expensive precious metals,
The new figures are based on January to March data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey,
the data may be skewed slightly by the impact of new year resolutions. According to the statistics, 17.4 percent of adult men are current smokers,
#Forget Bluetooth, new wireless technology uses your body to transmit data Bluetooth redefines ubiquitous. It seemingly everywhere,
and nowhere more so than in personal wearable devices such as fitness trackers, smart watches, audio headsets, earphonesyou name it.
But what if it not the best technology for the job? Researchers at the University of California, San diego in the US have developed a prototype to show off a new wireless communication technique which they say massively outperforms existing wireless tech by using the human body itself to help send data between devices.
The researchers call their new method agnetic field human body communication The technique uses the body as a vehicle to deliver magnetic energy between wearable electronic gadgets.
For the system to function and propagate magnetic fields through the body, the wearable device needs to be circular in nature (like the coil shown in the image above),
Whereas Bluetooth devices worn on the body transmit data via radio signals, the electromagnetic radiation that makes up these signals is blocked by something you.
Yep, our bodies get in the way of the data transmissions, creating obstructions and resulting in ath loss
The end result is that Bluetooth devices aren very power efficient when we wear them something youe more than likely to have had personal experience with
and it a problem that only compounded by the fact that most wearable Bluetooth gadgets are small and light,
By sending data via magnetic fields directly through our bodies, however, path loss can be cut down by a huge amount.
The researchers say path loss using magnetic field human body communication is more than 10 million times lower than that of Bluetooth radios. his technique,
to our knowledge, achieves the lowest path losses out of any wireless human body communication system that been demonstrated so far,
in a statement. his technique will allow us to build much lower power wearable devices. If youe concerned about
They say that ultra-low-power communication systems in wearable devices will transmit signals of much less power than things like MRI SCANNERS and wireless implant devices, with magnetic fields passing freely and harmlessly through biological tissue.
Compared to something like Bluetooth, which transmits data in a wide radius of several metres,
magnetic field human body communication prevents any kind of digital eavesdropping, as the signals are contained largely to your body.
While this means the method won be suitable for sending data from wearable devices to remote gadgets (such as audio speakers or a computer), for personalised applications,
when youe using your wearable devices to transmit information about your health, said Jiwoong Park, first author of the study J
and fingerprint databases have become much more sophisticated, and now a new method is being tested that can tease out much more information from a single print.
Each little bit of extra data investigators can get from a print can make a huge difference in an investigation-imagine being able to discount all women from your enquiries right at the start of a murder case, thanks to just one print,
"We've increased very significantly the amount of data that can be taken from a crime scene to help support law enforcement's hypothesis about how a crime occurred
For the prototype that was put on display in Tokyo last month, they altered the transparent oxides used for the negative electrode to achieve incredibly thin, transparent electrodes.
another possibility for the technology is self-charging smartphone screens made from transparent lithium-ion batteries.
a professor of neuroscience and psychiatry at Icahn School of medicine at Mount sinai, told Tech Insider that using all the compounds in marijuana simultaneously is like"throwing 400 tablets in a cocktail
A computer scientist in the UK has invented a new type of chess artificial intelligence that's able to get up to the International Master level after just 72 hours of tuition.
Chess-playing computers aren't new of course-IBM's Deep Blue scored the first AI triumph over a human world champion by beating Garry Kasparov in 1997-but Lai's approach works differently.
This neural network approach adapts over time and mimics the human brain. Essentially, modern day chess programs use'brute force'to beat human players,
with minimal hand-crafted knowledge given by the programmer";"he also says it's"the most successful attempt thus far at using end-to-end machine learning to play chess".
"The trick is being able to narrow down the number of potential avenues that need exploring
so Giraffe could help point the way towards artificial intelligence that operates more like our own brains do.
Right now, Giraffe's main drawback is that it takes longer than other computer players to make a move,
his research may help computers get better at teaching themselves to do everything from driving a car to making an omelette,
#New light-based memory chip is the first ever to permanently store data Scientists in the UK have developed the first ever memory chip that entirely light-based
and can store data permanently, and it could one day allow us to send and receive data at the speed of light.
Light-based computers are increasingly looking like our best shot at clearing the biggest roadblock to faster computers:
the Von-neumann bottleneck. Right now, the speed at which our computers transmit data is slower than the speed at
which they can process it, because wee hit the limit for how fast electrons can travel between the processor and the memory."
"There no point using faster processors if the limiting factor is the shuttling of information to-and-from the memory-the so-called Von-neumann bottleneck,"one of the researchers,
engineer Harish Bhaskaran from the University of Oxford, said in a press release.""But we think using light can significantly speed this up."
"Making light-based computers isn as simple as replacing electrons with light particles-or photons-in current computers.
While this speeds up the rate at which we can send data significantly, the silicon chips we have now still require the photons to be converted back to electrons
when the data reaches our computer. This slows everything back down again and consumes a whole lot of extra energy,
Instead, we need to completely redesign the way our computers work, running them on light instead of electricity,
and this new light-based computer chip brings us one step closer to that goal. Known as photonic memory, light-based memory is not a new concept,
Not only have previous attempts at light-based computer chips turned out to be quite volatile, theye all required power to store data,
and unless wee prepared to keep our computers on, you know, forever, that not exactly practical.
what theye calling"the world first all-photonic nonvolatile memory chip"."It stores data using the same material that found in rewritable CDS and DVDS-a phase-change alloy of germanium-antimony-tellurium known as GST."
"This material can be made to assume an amorphous state, like glass, or a crystalline state,
"This is the first ever truly nonvolatile integrated optical memory device to be created,"one of the team,
"And wee achieved it using established materials that are known for their long-term data retention-GST remains in the state that it placed in for decades."
"The team is now trying to figure out how to redesign the rest of the computing architecture
so their light-based memory chips can directly interact with the other components using light, rather than electrical signals."
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