#A deep learning machine just beat humans in an IQ TEST For the first time ever, a computer has outperformed humans in the verbal reasoning portion of an IQ TEST.
which involves converting data into a set of algorithms that a computer can make sense of.
Until now, computers have been pretty successful at beating humans in two out of the three parts of a standard intelligence quotient test,
In the past, the furthest programmers had gotten was to build machines that were capable of analysing millions of millions of texts to figure out which words are associated often with each other,
The researchers, from the University of Science and Technology of China and Microsoft Research in Beijing, tried a different tack-they looked at words
Using an algorithm, they worked out how the words are clustered, and they then looked up the different definitions of each word in a dictionary.
The team helped the computers out further by feeding them multiple examples of questions so that they were able to recognise the question type
They then tested the computer against 200 human participants of various ages and educational backgrounds."
The strategy has also been used to teach computers how to beat us at 49 old-school Atari games,
recognise food calories from a photo and even cook by watching Youtube videos.""With appropriate uses of the deep learning technologies, we could be a further step closer to the true human intelligence,
and reversibly disrupt Apc activity in a mouse with cancerous tumours in its colon. They already knew that the Apc gene was linked closely to an important pathway known as the Wnt signalling pathway,
According to Reuters, BMW has funded already software and applications that help electric car drivers locate nearby parking spots
#Material with superfast electrons displays mind-blowing magnetoresistance Researchers have found a material that could be used to build smaller and fast electronics in the future.
Known as giant magnetoresistance, this property is crucial to achieving the large storage capacity we've come to enjoy in our hard drives,
because helps computers to quickly read the information that's stored magnetically in hard drives. When materials with giant magnetoresistance are exposed to a magnetic field,
In comparison, the materials that are used currently in hard drives generally exhibit magnetoresistance of between 40 and 110 percent at room temperature.
"This material class therefore has enormous potential for future applications in information technology
#Here's how to make carbon nanoparticles with honey and a microwave Carbon nanoparticles can be incredibly useful in the treatment of many types of disease,
"The patch has been tested in mouse models and so far, looks very promising. According to the paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
This doesn just mean the patch will be a hell of a lot more convenient for its users than the injection system,
and cheap tablet computers,"Ben Schiller points out at Fast Company, and the team at Caltech isn interested in adding busted loo to that list.
like any product,"lead software developer at Caltech, Cody Finke, told Schiller.""The difference between technology in the developed world and the developing world is that
visual information is captured by a tiny camera attached to the patient's glasses and sent to a pocket-sized computer,
If that all sounds very James cameron's Avatar to you, you're not wrong-the premise here isn't actually that dissimilar.
and combines Skype and basic robotics to create a remote body that allows a patient to feel
These instructions were sent via the Internet to a remote computer hooked up to a simple, wheeled robot.
seeing everything their robot does through Skype. The patient's face also appears on the computer screen."
"Each of the nine subjects with disabilities managed to remotely control the robot with ease after less than 10 days of training,"lead researcher José del R. Millán,
by adding the concept of wireless communication, the biosensor could be placed in one part of the body,
which monitors finger and hand movements. While previous experiments have achieved similar results, the DNG researchers say their study is the first to offer such a high resolution without being harmful to the human touch.
#Soon your cracked smartphone screen will be able to self-repair A new self-repairing material has been developed by researchers in the UK
and they say itl be ready to integrate into everything from smartphone screens to nail varnish within the next five years.
Right now, we're on the verge of smartphones that won't crack, and will charge from zero to 100 percent in 30 to 60 seconds, perhaps by harvesting energy from the air.
Just as many of us remember a time without mobile phones, soon we'll be looking back at how inconvenient and primitive those ubiquitous little devices in our pockets used to be k
Installed off the coast of Hawaii at the US NAVY's Wave Energy Test Site in Kaneohe bay, this 40-tonne,
or the other,"says the Doe website.""The Azura can harness movement in 360 degrees,
Using a computer model, they could predict whether the embryo will be chromosomally normal or abnormal as it develops."
#IBM creates the world's most powerful computer chip IBM has built a working version of a new computer chip,
At around four times more powerful than today's top-of-the-line technology, it should pave the way for a new generation of super-speedy computers and gadgets in the not-too-distant future.
which in turn leads to faster smartphones, laptops, and computers. IBM's breakthrough is still a long way from getting into consumer gadgets,
but its lab work proves that 7nm transistors are possible. For a long time, computer technology has followed the path known as Moore's law,
named after Intel cofounder Gordon Moore. It states that computing power has the potential to double every two years,
and so far, it's held true. More recently, as computer chips get ever denser and the laws of physics start to restrict further improvements,
there been some doubt within the industry that Moore's law could continue to be applied.
But thanks to IBM's work and other projects across the world, it seems there's plenty of life in it yet.
what IBM has done in its research lab into a full-scale manufacturing process. As well as replacing silicon with a silicon-germanium alloy,
but the end results are a computer chip that's faster, smaller, and more energy-efficient.
A number of partners have been working with IBM on the technology, including Globalfoundries, Samsung, and SUNY (the State university of New york).
"For business and society to get the most out of tomorrow's computers and devices,
"Arvind Krishna of IBM Research told The New york times, adding that the breakthrough"builds on decades of research that has set the pace for the microelectronics industry".
Once connected, the three monkeys were able to control the movements of a virtual avatar arm on a computer screen in front of them.
If you own a smartphone, you're no doubt familiar with the nightly ritual of plugging it in to charge overnight so it doesn run out of juice halfway through the day.
Most personal gadgets, from phones to digital cameras, need regular top-ups to keep them from failing at the most inconvenient moment,
and further down the line maybe even recharge your smartphone as it bounces around in your pocket or bag.
Pc (4450)+ and Pc (4380+.+After studying the mass of these particles, the team concluded that they could only be explained by being in pentquark states."
thanks to the huge amount of data provided by the LHCB.""It as if the previous searches were looking for silhouettes in the dark,
#Intel new memory format is 1, 000 times faster than current flash memory Tech giants Intel and Micron have announced a new class of computer memory called 3d XPOINT,
which the companies say is up to 1, 000 times faster than the conventional NAND flash memory we use in devices today.
and accessing data in the near-term future. In addition to the phenomenal speed gains 3d XPOINT is said to provide 1, 000 times greater endurance when saving new data to the memory.
It also 10 times denser than current flash, meaning it could lead to smaller components and ultimately even smaller devices.
While NAND might not exactly be a household name, it the kind of digital storage employed in virtually all small consumer electronics currently on the market:
memory cards, USB KEYS, and the solid-state drives found in everything from smartphones to ultraportable laptops (not counting older computers or desktop PCS that still use mechanical platter hard drives).
3d XPOINT speeds are enabled by its ultra-dense transistor-less architecture, which its makers describe as a hree-dimensional checkerboard where memory cells sit at the intersection of words lines and bit lines Don worry,
leading to substantially reduced read/write processes for data. or decades, the industry has searched for ways to reduce the lag time between the processor
and data to allow much faster analysis, said Rob Crooke, Intel SVP of nonvolatile memory solutions,
in a statement. his new class of nonvolatile memory achieves this goal and brings game-changing performance to memory
and storage solutions. hose performance gains will initially be felt in the corporate and government sector,
where Intel and Micron say the new technology will improve the efficiency of big data systems.
with faster and tougher data mechanisms theoretically delivering benefits for everything from 3d gaming through to better and potentially cheaper solid state drives and personal storage devices.
Intel and Micron haven announced when products with 3d XPOINT will be available, but the technology is going into production this year,
But more than this, could aid in the development of new materials with improved performance such as LCD screens."
"Uptake of the current generation of organic solar cells has lagged behind more widespread silicon-based models, due to their comparative lack of performance even with a simplified construction via large printers.
as parts of phones and even cars. This discovery could help improve the performance of these solar cells,
#Huge 3-D displays without 3-D glasses Public screenings have become an important part of major sports events.
Currently it only has a modest resolution of five pixels by three but it clearly shows that the system works.
But the crucial point is that the individual laser pixels work. Scaling it up to a display with many pixels is not a problem says Jrg Reitterer (Trilite Technologies and Phd-student in the team of Professor Ulrich Schmid at the Vienna University of Technology.
Every single 3d-Pixel (also called Trixel) consists of lasers and a moveable mirror. The mirror directs the laser beams across the field of vision from left to right.
During that movement the laser intensity is modulated so that different laser flashes are sent into different directions says Ulrich Schmid.
To experience the 3d effect the viewer must be positioned in a certain distance range from the screen.
If the distance is too large both eyes receive the same image and only a normal 2d picture can be seen.
The newly developed display however can present hundreds of pictures. Walking by the display one can get a view of the displayed object from different sides just like passing a real object.
For this however a new video format is required which has already been developed by the researchers.
but we expect that new footage will be created especially for our displays--perhaps with a much larger number of cameras says Franz Fiedler CTO of Trilite Technologies.
Compared to a movie screen the display is very vivid. Therefore it can be used outdoors even in bright sunlight.
The team's most recent advance also brings the field closer to realizing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon transistors in computer chips
Additional authors on the ACS Nano paper include UW-Madison materials science and engineering graduate students Gerald Brady Yongho Joo and Matthew Shea and electrical and computer engineering graduate student Meng-Yin
Capacitors use an electrostatic charge to store energy they can release quickly, to a camera's flash, for example.
The predictive calculator also known as a nomogram was developed after the research team analyzed data from UCLA's 30 years of experience with liver transplantation for liver cancer.
and the existing American Joint Committee on Cancer pathologic TNM staging system giving transplant physicians and oncologists more information to work with in deciding how often to monitor for recurrence and whether or not adjuvant treatment
Publicly available data from 1994 to 2012 were compiled showing trends in U s . and international research funding productivity
Today's batteries provide a reliable power supply for our smartphones electric cars and laptops but are unable to keep up with the growing demands placed on them.
Dr Semih Afyon a scientist at the Electrochemical Materials Institute sums up the fundamental idea that is driving battery research:
This would be enough energy to power a mobile phone between 1. 5 and two times longer than today's lithium-ion batteries Afyon estimates.
#Robots learn to use kitchen tools by watching Youtube videos Researchers at the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies (UMIACS) partnered with a scientist at the National Information Communications technology Research Centre
artificial intelligence or the design of computers that can make their own decisions; computer vision or the engineering of systems that can accurately identify shapes and movements;
and natural language processing or the development of robust systems that can understand spoken commands. Although the underlying work is complex the team wanted the results to reflect something practical and relatable to people's daily lives.
and understands it said Yiannis Aloimonos UMD professor of computer science and director of the Computer Vision Lab one of 16 labs and centers in UMIACS.
The work also relies on a specialized software architecture known as deep-learning neural networks. While this approach is not new it requires lots of processing power to work well
while for computing technology to catch up. Similar versions of neural networks are responsible for the voice recognition capabilities in smartphones
and the facial recognition software used by Facebook and other websites. While robots have been used to carry out complicated tasks for decades--think automobile assembly lines--these must be programmed carefully
and calibrated by human technicians. Self learning robots could gather the necessary information by watching others
#Researchers develop new instrument to monitor atmospheric mercury Researchers at the University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine
and monitor blue shifted atomic fluorescence. UM Rosenstiel School Professor of Atmospheric Sciences Anthony Hynes and colleagues tested the new mobile instrument
and how well future computers and other electronic devices will function. The new material, composed of both a semiconductor
and they have close research collaboration with Microsoft. The research is supported further by the Carlsberg Foundation and the Lundbeck Foundation n
#Vision system for household robots Researchers at MIT's Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory believe that household robots should take advantage of their mobility
In a paper appearing in a forthcoming issue of the International Journal of Robotics Research the MIT researchers show that a system using an off-the-shelf algorithm to aggregate different perspectives can recognize four times as many objects as one that uses a single
They then present a new algorithm that is just as accurate but that in some cases is 10 times as fast making it much more practical for real-time deployment with household robots.
and computer science and lead author on the new paper. One way around that is just to move around
Wong and his thesis advisors--Leslie Kaelbling the Panasonic Professor of Computer science and Engineering and Toms Lozano-Prez the School of engineering Professor of Teaching Excellence--considered scenarios in which they had 20 to 30
The first algorithm they tried was developed for tracking systems such as radar which must also determine
For each pair of successive images the algorithm generates multiple hypotheses about which objects in one correspond to which objects in the other.
To keep the calculation manageable the algorithm discards all but its top hypotheses at each step.
In hopes of arriving at a more efficient algorithm the MIT researchers adopted a different approach.
Their algorithm doesn't discard any of the hypotheses it generates across successive images but it doesn't attempt to canvass them all either.
Suppose that the algorithm has identified three objects from one perspective and four from another. The most mathematically precise way to compare hypotheses would be to consider every possible set of matches between the two groups of objects:
Instead the researchers'algorithm considers each object in the first group separately and evaluates its likelihood of mapping onto an object in the second group.
The algorithm could conclude that the most likely match for object 3 in the second group is object 3 in the first
So the researchers'algorithm also looks for such double mappings and reevaluates them. That takes extra time
In this case the algorithm would perform 32 comparisons--more than 20 but significantly less than 304 4
resulting in more aggressive cells that can spread to other sites or cause regrowth of primary tumors.
thereby allowing the tumor to spread to a new organ site. They used a large screening approach
and then bring them together explains Faraz Najafi a graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science at MIT and first author on the new paper.
If multiple qubits are entangled meaning that their quantum states depend on each other then a single quantum computation is in some sense like performing many computations in parallel.
For that reason optical systems are a promising approach to quantum computation. But any quantum computer--say one whose qubits are trapped laser ions
Because ultimately one will want to make such optical processors with maybe tens or hundreds of photonic qubits it becomes unwieldy to do this using traditional optical components says Dirk Englund the Jamieson Career development Assistant professor in Electrical engineering and Computer science at MIT and corresponding author on the new paper.
It's not only unwieldy but probably impossible because if you tried to build it on a large optical table simply the random motion of the table would cause noise on these optical states.
which is led by Karl Berggren an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of which Najafi is a member.
The MIT researchers were joined also by colleagues at IBM and NASA's Jet propulsion laboratory. The researchers'process begins with a silicon optical chip made using conventional manufacturing techniques.
Results from two infant clinical studies in Ghana and Mali and vaccine introduction impact data were presented to THE WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) in October 2014
and an affiliate of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at Illinois. He also holds affiliate appointments in the departments of bioengineering, chemistry, electrical and computer engineering,
and algorithm programming. I don't think there are many places in the world where one finds the level of interdisciplinary cooperation that exists in our Center for Neuroprosthetics."
#New algorithm will allow better heart surgery experts say A new technique to help surgeons find the exact location of heart defects could save lives,
Now the team at Manchester have come up with a new algorithm which will enable medics to exactly find the area of concern before any surgery takes place.
the algorithm will detect the origin of the heart defect, cutting the amount of time in surgery for some patients.
Professor Henggui Zhang describes how the new algorithm had a success rate of 94%.%Using 3d computer modelling of the human heart,
it correctly identified the origin of the problems in 75/80 of the simulations, a much better rate than current technology.
Using this new algorithm ECG map can help diagnose the location of cardiac disorder in a way which is better for the patients and more cost effective for health services
The new study determined that mouse TESI is highly similar to the TESI derived from human cells
#Quantum optical hard drive breakthrough The team's record storage time of six hours is a major step towards a secure worldwide data encryption network based on quantum information
which could be used for banking transactions and personal emails. We believe it will soon be possible to distribute quantum information between any two points on the globe said lead author Manjin Zhong from the Research School of Physics and Engineering (RSPE) at The Australian National University (ANU.
Their solid-state technique is a promising alternative to using laser beams in optical fibres an approach which is used currently to create quantum networks around 100 kilometres long.
what is the best way to distribute quantum data Ms Zhong said. Even transporting our crystals at pedestrian speeds we have less loss than laser systems for a given distance.
So we are thinking of our crystals as portable optical hard drives for quantum entanglement. After writing a quantum state onto the nuclear spin of the europium using laser light the team subjected the crystal to a combination of a fixed and oscillating magnetic fields to preserve the fragile quantum information.
The ANU group is excited also about the fundamental tests of quantum mechanics that a quantum optical hard drive will enable.
The research also suggests that Graphexeter could extend the lifetime of displays such as TV screens located in highly humid environments including kitchens.
The same team have discovered now that Graphexeter is also more stable than many transparent conductors commonly used by for example the display industry y
Samples collected from the site of an outbreak are transported therefore over long distances to laboratories for testing.
professor in the Department of chemistry and core member of the Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics at Georgia State, organized a research team,
They sent the crystals to Argonne National Laboratory for remote data collection. The X-ray diffraction patterns collected there were used to create an electron density map, a 3-D, atomic-level resolution of the molecule's shape.
"Information from the study has been deposited in the protein database, which can be accessed by other scientists.
Co-first author Alice Eunjung Lee, Phd, from the lab of Peter Park, Phd, at the Center for Biomedical Informatics at Harvard Medical school, developed the study's retrotransposon analysis tool,
which detects somatic retrotransposon mutations in single-cell sequencing data. Mirroring these findings, study published by Walsh's lab in 2014 used single-neuron sequencing to detect copy number variants--another type of mutation affecting the number of copies of chromosomes or chromosome fragments.
Neuroscience has assumed long that these little nubs serve as sites for single synapses. But this study which appeared early online last month in the open access journal elife shows that in the brains of newborn mice some of the spines initially receive two or more inputs.
The spines that receive multiple synapses tend to be occupied by both cortical and thalamic connections at the same time suggesting that these spines are sites for synaptic competition.
The study is published in Science Signaling. ur data that Bub1 is involved at the receptor level is unexpected completely,
Ph d.,developed a way to screen for genes that regulate the TGF-beta receptor. When 720 genes from the human genome were screened against lung cancer and breast cancer cells,
In the mouse study the insulin-producing cells were placed under the kidney capsule--a thin membrane layer that surrounds the kidney--where they developed into an organ-like structure with its own blood supply.
and are used for displays, communications as well as scientific instruments.""The capabilities of laser beam shaping and steering are crucial for many optical applications,
#Computing: Common'data structure'revamped to work with multicore chips Today hardware manufacturers are making computer chips faster by giving them more cores or processing units.
But while some data structures are adapted well to multicore computing others are not. In principle doubling the number of cores should double the efficiency of a computation.
With algorithms that use a common data structure called a priority queue that's been true for up to about eight cores
--but adding any more cores actually causes performance to plummet. At the Association for Computing Machinery's Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming in February researchers from MIT's Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory will describe a new way of implementing priority queues that lets them keep pace with the addition of new cores.
In simulations algorithms using their data structure continued to demonstrate performance improvement with the addition of new cores up to a total of 80 cores.
A priority queue is a data structure that as its name might suggest sequences data items according to priorities assigned them
when they're stored. At any given time only the item at the front of the queue--the highest-priority item--can be retrieved.
Priority queues are central to the standard algorithms for finding the shortest path across a network
and for simulating events and they've been used for a host of other applications from data compression to network scheduling.
With multicore systems however conflicts arise when multiple cores try to access the front of a priority queue at the same time.
The problem is compounded by modern chips'reliance on caches--high-speed memory banks where cores store local copies of frequently used data.
As you're reading the front of the queue the whole front of the queue will be in your cache says Justin Kopinsky an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering
and computer science and one of the new paper's co-authors. All of these guys try to put the first element in their cache
and then do a bunch of stuff with it but then somebody writes to it and it invalidates everybody else's cache.
their advisor professor of computer science and engineering Nir Shavit; and Microsoft Research's Dan Alistarh a former student of Shavit's relaxed the requirement that each core has to access the first item in the queue.
If the items at the front of the queue can be processed in parallel --which must be the case for multicore computing to work anyway--they can simply be assigned to cores at random.
But a core has to know where to find the data item it's been assigned
which is harder than it sounds. Data structures generally trade ease of insertion and deletion for ease of addressability.
You could for instance assign every position in a queue its own memory address: To find the fifth item you would simply go to the fifth address.
Each element of a linked list consists of a data item and a pointer to the memory address of the next element.
if multiple cores are trying to modify data items simultaneously. Say that a core has been assigned element five.
It goes to the head of the list and starts working its way down. But another core is already in the process of modifying element three
so the first core has to sit and wait until it's done. The MIT researchers break this type of logjam by repurposing yet another data structure called a skip list.
The skip list begins with a linked list and builds a hierarchy of linked lists on top of it.
Only say half the elements in the root list are included in the list one layer up the hierarchy.
But the MIT researchers'algorithm starts farther down the hierarchy; how far down depends on how many cores are trying to access the root list.
Each core then moves some random number of steps and jumps down to the next layer of the hierarchy.
It repeats the process until it reaches the root list. Collisions can still happen particularly
when a core is modifying a data item that appears at multiple levels of the hierarchy
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