#Arming nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment UCD researchers have manipulated successfully nanoparticles to target two human breast cancer cell lines as a tool in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Coating nanoparticles with different substances allows their interaction with cells to be tuned in a particular way.
The team believe that Fe-Au functionalised nanorods used in conjunction with these drugs could be useful in cancer treatment.
#'Trojan horse'proteins are step forward for nanoparticle-based anticancer and anti-dementia therapeutic approaches Scientists at Brunel University London have found a way of targeting hard-to-reach cancers
In contrast to conventional cancer therapy a University of Cincinnati team has developed several novel designs for iron-oxide based nanoparticles that detect diagnose
PTT uses the nanoparticles to focus light-induced heat energy only within the tumor harming no adjacent normal cells.
That means the photo-thermal effect of iron-oxide nanoparticles may show in the next decade a strong promise in human cancer therapy likely with localized tumors.
With this technology a low-power laser beam is directed at the tumor where a small amount of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles are present either by injecting the particles directly into the tumor
Sufficient heat is generated then locally by the laser light raising the tumor temperature rapidly to above 43 degrees Celsius
but only generates local heat within the tumor therefore posing much less side effects than the traditional chemo or radiation therapies.
because the tumors are usually stage three or four before they can be detected. He stated With nanomaterial technology we can detect the tumor early
and kill it on sight at the same time. Each tumor has a corresponding protein that is cancer specific called a tumor specific ligand
or an antibody antigen reaction that only has expression for that specific cancer such as breast or prostate cancer.
Scientists identify this certain bio-marker that is specific to a certain tumor then conjugates this bio-marker on the surface of the nanocarrier that only has the expression for that specific kind of cancer cell.
It then only targets the abnormal cancer cell not normal healthy cells and because it is so small it can break the membrane
and biodegradable and can potentially stay in the tumor cells until its job is finished then dissolve
Our breakthrough will open up new doors in the various fields of nanomedicine bioimaging and cancer therapeutics.
#This will benefit cancer patients as there will be fewer side effects due to the small doses administered and also higher efficacy as the biomarker has the ability to accurately target tumour cells.
and their use promises to lead to both conceptual and therapeutic advances in the important and emerging field of tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer therapies and immune engineering,
#What exactly is Google's'cancer nanodetector'?'Last week US tech giants Google made a splash in the media announcing plans to develop new'disease-detecting magnetic nanoparticles'.
and expert advisor to Cancer Research UK to get his take on the announcement. The technical definition is that a nanoparticle is an object that is less than 100 nanometres wide along one of its edges Professor Graham told us.
One of the top people in this field as far as cancer goes is called a guy Sanjiv Gambhir at Stanford university in the US.
If I'm wearing a gadget that suddenly tells me I have a form of brain cancer that's incurable
Are there any other applications of nanotechnology in the field of cancer? Of course it's not all about diagnostics.
There are other ways nanotechnology is being explored by cancer researchers. The other big focus of nanotech in cancer is to deliver treatments says Graham.
This is a field that's in its infancy lots of basic research in animals some of it promising
and neck cancers and lung cancer it will be incredibly exciting to see what this approach yields.
#Cancer-killing nanodaisies NC State researchers have developed a potential new weapon in the fight against cancer:
which researchers attach the cancer-killing drug camptothecin (CPT) like bunches of grapes on a vine.
The result is that the drugs launch an attack on cancer that's more closely#coordinated
So far in vivo testing in mice has shown that this approach produces significant accumulation of drugs in tumor sites instead of healthy organs.
Gu noted that in vitro testing had demonstrated also the potential of nanodaisies to effectively target different kinds of cancer.
It's shown a broad killing effect for a variety of cancer cell lines including leukemia breast
whether they might be ready to fight cancer in humans. For Gu that prospect has personal significance:
His father was diagnosed with cancer when Gu was still in the womb. When friends and family came to console Gu's mother she told#them that the baby she was carrying might#one day help to treat cancer.
I don't want to say it's a mission but it is a passion that drives
When I moved into the cancer treatments with nanotechnology that's when my mum became really excited about my work.
The wires could also be applied in the biomedical field to maximize heat production in hyperthermia treatment of cancer.
#An unlikely use for diamonds Tiny diamonds are providing scientists with new possibilities for accurate measurements of processes inside living cells with potential to improve drug delivery and cancer therapeutics.
#New nanodevice to improve cancer treatment monitoring In less than a minute, a miniature device developed at the University of Montreal can measure a patient's blood for methotrexate, a commonly used but potentially toxic cancer drug.
Methotrexate has been used for many years to treat certain cancers among other diseases, because of its ability to block the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR.
These coatings can also help scientists develop highly sensitive multiplex methods of detecting early-stage cancers
#Targeted nanoparticles that combine imaging with two different therapies could attack cancer other conditions Nanosystems that are'theranostic'they combine both therapeutic and diagnostic functions present an exciting new opportunity for delivering drugs
but we are now attempting to use near-infrared laser light to improve the tissue penetration and move toward on-demand cancer therapy.
which is known to have therapeutic applications in the treatment of many disorders including cancer. Using EGCG IBN researchers have engineered successfully nanocarriers that can deliver drugs
the combination of carrier and drug also dramatically reduced tumor growth compared with the drug alone.
A key challenge in chemotherapy is ensuring that the drugs are delivered only to the tumor
When injected into the body these carriers act like homing missiles traveling through the body to zoom in on the target cells where they will release the cancer-destroying drugs.
and filtered out of the body by the immune system before it reaches the tumor. Micellar nanocomplexes of less than 100 nanometers in dimension are formed from the OEGCG core
and renal clearance while providing for tumor targeting. The research team conducted animal studies to evaluate the performance of IBN's green tea-based protein delivery system.
The study revealed that IBN's green tea nanocomplex loaded with Herceptin reduced tumor growth much more effectively
Using the new nanocarrier twice as much drug accumulated in the cancer cells indicating an improved tumor targeting ability.
and can boost cancer treatment when used together with the protein drug. Unlike conventional therapy our green tea carrier can eradicate more cancer cells
This invention could pave the way for a better drug delivery system to fight cancer,
A nanosheet with a heat-sensitive polymer could burn surrounding tumors to destroy them functioning as a kind of super-specific chemotherapy.
By encapsulating a dangerous substance such as a cancer-treating drug into a nanosheet doctors can attack very specific parts of the body.
and particles in the air and enzymes molecules and antibodies in the body that could indicate diabetes cancer and other diseases.
#'Stealth'nanoparticles could improve cancer vaccines Cancer vaccines have emerged recently as a promising approach for killing tumor cells before they spread.
Now scientists have developed a new way to deliver vaccines that successfully stifled tumor growth when tested in laboratory mice.
Hiroshi Shiku Naozumi Harada and colleagues explain that most cancer vaccine candidates are designed to flag down immune cells called macrophages and dendritic cells that signal killer T cells to attack tumors.
But recent research has suggested that a subset of macrophages only found deep inside lymph nodes could play a major role in slowing cancer.
When molecules for signaling killer T cells were put inside the nanoparticles they hindered tumor growth far better than existing vaccines.
10.1021/nn502975r Because existing therapeutic cancer vaccines provide only a limited clinical benefit a different vaccination strategy is necessary to improve vaccine efficacy.
We developed a nanoparticulate cancer vaccine by encapsulating a synthetic long peptide antigen within an immunologically inert nanoparticulate hydrogel (nanogel) of cholesteryl pullulan (CHP.
The nanogel-based vaccine significantly inhibited in vivo tumor growth in the prophylactic and therapeutic settings compared to another vaccine formulation using a conventional delivery system incomplete Freund's adjuvant.
#Graphene sensor tracks down cancer biomarkers An ultrasensitive biosensor made from the wonder material graphene has been used to detect molecules that indicate an increased risk of developing cancer.
and in elevated levels has been linked to an increased risk of developing several cancers. However 8-OHDG is typically present at very low concentrations in urine so is very difficult to detect using conventional detection assays known as enzyme-linked immunobsorbant assays (ELISAS.
Generic epitaxial graphene biosensors of ultrasensitive detection of cancer risk biomarker Z Tehrani et al 2014 2d Mater. 1 025004. iopscience. iop. org/2053
and that could significantly enhance clinical breast exams for early detection of cancer. In a newly published article in the journal ACS Advanced Materials & Interfaces, researchers Ravi Saraf and Chieu Van Nguyen describe a thin-film sensor that can detect tumors too small and deep
to be felt with the fingers. In research funded with a grant from the National institutes of health, Saraf and Nguyen perfected a thin film made of nanoparticles and polymers
the researchers ued the film to successfully detect tumors as small as 5 millimeters, hidden up to 20 millimeters deep.
CBE is an important cancer-screening tool. Mammograms, which identify lumps by their density compared to breast tissue,
while the American Cancer Society reports a 94 percent survival rate if breast cancer is diagnosed when tumors are diagnosed at less than 10 millimeters.
Saraf said the thin-film tool would have at least three advantages to a manual breast exam performed by a physician:
#Handheld scanner could make brain tumor removal more complete reducing recurrence Cancerous brain tumors are notorious for growing back
or none get left behind to form new tumors. The method reported in the journal ACS Nano could someday vastly improve the outlook for patients.
Moritz F. Kircher and colleagues at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center point out that malignant brain tumors particularly the kind known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are among the toughest to beat.
Surgical removal is one of the main weapons doctors have to treat brain tumors. The problem is that currently there's no way to know
and go specifically to tumor cells and not to normal brain cells. Using a handheld Raman scanner in a mouse model that mimics human GBM the researchers successfully identified
Surgeons might be able to use the device in the future to treat other types of brain cancer they say.
Neuroscientists use lightwaves to improve brain tumor surgery More information: Guiding Brain tumor Resection Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoparticles and a Hand-held Raman Scanner ACS Nano Article ASAPDOI:
10.1021/nn503948abstractthe current difficulty in visualizing the true extent of malignant brain tumors during surgical resection represents one of the major reasons for the poor prognosis of brain tumor patients.
Here we evaluated the ability of a hand-held Raman scanner guided by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles to identify the microscopic tumor extent in a genetically engineered RCAS/tv-a glioblastoma mouse model.
In a simulated intraoperative scenario we tested both a static Raman imaging device and a mobile hand-held Raman scanner.
and correlation with histology showed that SERS nanoparticles accurately outlined the extent of the tumors.
but also detected additional microscopic foci of cancer in the resection bed that were seen not on static SERS images
because it uses inert gold#silica SERS nanoparticles and a hand-held Raman scanner that can guide brain tumor resection in the operating room o
and flexing may aid in our understanding of how changes within a cell can lead to diseases such as cancer.
and how small changes to these processes can lead to diseases such as cancer or Alzheimer's. Researchers from the University of Cambridge have demonstrated how to use light to view individual molecules bending
Synthetic molecule makes cancer self-destruc c
#Mobile phones come alive with the sound of music thanks to nanogenerators Charging mobile phones with sound, like chants from at football ground, could become a reality, according to a new collaboration between scientists from Queen Mary University of London and Nokia.
whose lab is in the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT. The research project tackles a difficult problem in localized drug delivery:
#Self-assembling nanoparticle could improve MRI scanning for cancer diagnosis Scientists have designed a new self-assembling nanoparticle that targets tumours,
to help doctors diagnose cancer earlier. The new nanoparticle, developed by researchers at Imperial College London,
Professor Nicholas Long from the Department of chemistry at Imperial College London said the results show real promise for improving cancer diagnosis."By improving the sensitivity of an MRI examination
which would hopefully improve survival rates from cancer.""""MRI SCANNERS are found in nearly every hospital up and down the country
Dr Juan Gallo from the Department of Surgery and Cancer at Imperial College London said:"
The method eventually could help patients suffering from genetic conditions, cancers and neurological diseases. In a study published recently by the journal Nature's Scientific Reports,
to heat up and destroy cancer cells in the lab. The team used the new photothermal delivery method in lab experiments to introduce impermeable dyes and small DNA molecules into human prostate cancer and fibroblast sarcoma cells."
vaccinations, cancer imaging and other medical treatments. Currently, the predominant practice is using viruses for delivery to cells.
"Carbon nanoparticles produced for the cancer study varied from five to 20 nanometers wide. A human hair is about 100,000 nanometers wide.
So, they can be used to enhance contrast of optical imaging of tumors along with that of MRI I
IBN's test has been validated by the National Cancer Centre Singapore, the National University Cancer Institute Singapore,
#Ultra-sensitive nano-chip capable of detecting cancer at early stages developed Today the majority of cancers are detected on the macroscopic level
when the tumor is composed already of millions of cancer cells and the disease is starting to advance into a more mature phase.
But what if we could diagnose cancer before it took hold -while it was still only affecting a few localized cells?
An international team of researchers led by ICFO-Institute of Photonic Sciences in Castelldefels announce the successful development of a lab-on-a-chip platform capable of detecting protein cancer markers in the blood using the very latest advances
The device is able to detect very low concentrations of protein cancer markers in blood enabling diagnoses of the disease in its earliest stages.
The detection of cancer in its very early stages is seen as key to the successful diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
This cancer-tracking nanodevice shows great promise as a tool for future cancer treatments not only because of its reliability sensitivity and potential low cost but also because of its easy carry on portable properties which is foreseen to facilitate effective diagnosis and suitable
and if cancer markers are present in the blood they will stick to the nanoparticles located on the micro-channels as they pass by setting off changes in
thus providing a direct assessment of the risk for the patient to develop a cancer.
and treatment monitoring of cancer. In 2009 Prof. Quidant's research group at ICFO in collaboration with several groups of oncologists joined the worldwide effort devoted to the ultra-sensitive detection of protein markers located on the surface of cancer cells and in peripheral blood
which had been determined to be a clear indicator of the development of cancer. In 2010 they successfully obtained funding for the project called SPEDOC (Surface Plasmon Early Detection of Circulating Heat shock proteins and Tumor Cells) under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) of the European commission.
The effort was boosted also by generous philanthropic support from Cellex Foundation Barcelona. Today's announcement is an important outcome of this project t
or DNA sequence from one animal into the genome of another plays a critical role in a wide range of medical researchncluding cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.
Tumors appeared accelerate the tissue aging process by 36 years and healthy breast tissue near breast tumors were an average of 12 years older than tissue elsewhere in the body.
In contrast transforming adult human cells into#pluripotent stem cells which reprograms them to act like embryonic stem cells effectively resets the cells'clock to zero Horvath says.#
It's possible enhancing the biochemical events that lead to growth in the brain would cause issues elsewhere in the body like potentially raising the risk of cancer.
and reassembled as often happens in cancer even undamaged genes are expressed at different levels than in a normal chromosome.
but in reality those levels could never be reached. http://www. druglibrary. org/schaffer/library/mj overdose. htmmarijuana also doesn't cause cancer. http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/25
when people email about topics like cancer or depression ads for spiritual meditation services will appear.
and even brain cancer but the MIT researchers are the first to use them to combat antibiotic resistance.#
The boy named Minghao had developed a malignant tumor on his spinal cord and some of his bones needed to be removed.
#A new weapon in the fight against cancer Cancer happens when cells in the body start growing uncontrollably.
But what if the tissue surrounding a tumour could be enlisted to stop the cancer spreading?
Many cancer researchers believe that targeting the spread of cancer to other organs, otherwise known as metastasis, holds the key to successfully treating the disease
because metastasis is the cause of death for 90%of those who die of cancer.
but after a while the tumour cells can become resistant to the treatment and the cancer then spreads.
recruiting their help in creating a micro-environment with suitable conditions for the cancer to spread.
A large proportion of the cells found in the tumour micro-environment are associated cancer fibroblasts (CAFS.
However in cancer, fibroblasts are coopted into re-sculpting and stiffening the surrounding matrix. This helps the tumour to grow larger by encouraging cells to divide
and help bring the cancer-associated fibroblast cells back on side against the cancer. Further experiments found that the CAFSCHANGE in behaviour was caused by a protein that is involved in sensing the amount of oxygen available to the cells.
The team then used a drug in the mice with cancer that fools this oxygen sensor into behaving
They found that the cancer was then less likely to spread in those mice that had been treated with the drug than in those that hadn.
However, it is an exciting development in the way we think about how cancer can be treated.
One of the great challenges in cancer treatment is that tumour cells are genetically unstable
As our understanding of the complex relationship between cancer and our bodies evolves, we will find new ways to target
Suppressing immunity in this way opens up the risk of new infections and certain cancers. Ott's ambitious technique therefore has an ambitious goal--to one day provide amputees with fully functional limbs that can be transplanted
Cells moving from the original cancer site to infect other organs in a stealthy process called metastasis are detected usually too late to save a patient's life.
The early detection of circulating tumor cells, or CTCS, in the bloodstream can speed up diagnosis and lifesaving treatment.
"Shea said he hoped clinical trials with human cancer sufferers could begin soon n
#Robotic Limb System Learns From Its Mistakes The science of brain-machine interface, or BMI, has made enormous leaps in the last few decades.
He further points out that two cancer bispecific antibodies on the market both have anti-CD3 arms. he key is to find the right balance between CD3 activation and toxicity,
and a member of MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, is the paper senior author.
#How chronic inflammation can lead to cancer Chronic inflammation caused by disease or exposure to dangerous chemicals has long been linked to cancer,
but exactly how this process takes place has remained unclear. Now, a precise mechanism by which chronic inflammation can lead to cancer has been uncovered by researchers at MIT a development that could lead to improved targets for preventing future tumors.
In a paper published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
the researchers unveil how one of a battery of chemical warfare agents used by the immune system to fight off infection can itself create DNA mutations that lead to cancer.
As many as one in five cancers are believed to be caused or promoted by inflammation These include mesothelioma,
a type of lung cancer caused by inflammation following chronic exposure to asbestos, and colon cancer in people with a history of inflammatory bowel disease, says Bogdan Fedeles,
are the kind of lesions that would initiate cancer, he adds. DNA sequencing of a developing gastrointestinal tumor revealed two types of mutation:
cytosine (C) bases changing to thymine (T) bases, and adenine (A) bases changing to guanine (G) bases.
he explains. his scenario would best explain the work of James Fox and his MIT colleagues on gastrointestinal cancer.
or patterns of DNA mutations, associated with cancerous tumors. e believe that in the context of inflammation-induced damage of DNA,
says the paper provides a novel mechanistic link between chronic inflammation and cancer development. ith a combination of biochemical,
a type of mutation that is frequently observed in human cancers, Wang says. Studies of tissue samples of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease have found significant levels of 5clc,
who was honored with the prestigious Benjamin F. Trump award at the 2015 Aspen Cancer Conference for the research.
including in cancer research, says Levi Garraway, an institute member of the Broad Institute, and the inaugural director of the Joint Center for Cancer Precision Medicine at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women Hospital,
and the Broad Institute. Garraway was involved not in the research. An open approach to empower research Zhang,
and disease states such as cancer, "Harbin said.""Unfortunately, growth of cells in these oversimplified environments has been shown not to correlate well with human cell responses in the body.
including tumor metastasis and drug/toxin sensitivity.""This is important as pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies look for new,
it can cause a range of life-threatening diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, Alzheimer's and diabetes.
and facilitate the development of new drugs for diseases like cancer, stroke and dementia.""The simplicity is the strength of this technology.
#Breakthrough finds molecules that block previously'undruggable'protein tied to cancer A team of scientists at the University of Kansas has pinpointed six chemical compounds that thwart Hur,
an"oncoprotein"that binds to RNA and promotes tumor growth. The findings, which could lead to a new class of cancer drugs,
thus blocking Hur function as a tumor-promoting protein, "said Liang Xu, associate professor of molecular biosciences and corresponding author of the paper.
The results hold promise for treating a broad array of cancers in people. The researcher said Hur has been detected at high levels in almost every type of cancer tested,
including cancers of the colon, prostate, breast, brain, ovaries, pancreas and lung.""Hur inhibitors may be useful for many types of cancer,
"Xu said.""Since Hur is involved in many stem cell pathways, we expect Hur inhibitors will be active in inhibiting'cancer stem cells,
'or the seeds of cancer, which have been a current focus in the cancer drug discovery field."
"Hur has been studied for many years, but until now no direct Hur inhibitors have been discovered, according to Xu.""The initial compounds reported in this paper can be optimized further
and developed as a whole new class of cancer therapy, especially for cancer stem cells, "he said."
"The success of our study provides a first proof-of-principle that Hur is druggable,
"A cancer-causing gene, or oncogene, makes RNA, which then makes an oncoprotein that causes cancer
or makes cancer cells hard to kill, or both,"Xu said.""This is the problem we're trying to overcome with precision medicine."
not a well-defined pocket seen in other druggable proteins targeted by many current cancer therapies."
and involved the collaboration of chemists, cancer biologists, computer modeling experts, biochemists and biophysicists at KUOTABLY the labs of Xu, Jeffrey Aubé in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Jon Tunge in the Department of chemistry.
For Xu, the findings are reflective of a personal commitment to improving odds for people diagnosed with cancer
"Trained as medical doctor and Ph d.,with both a grandfather and an uncle who died of cancer,
I devoted my career to cancer research and drug discoveryiming to translate discovery in the lab into clinical therapy,
to help cancer patients and their families, "he said.""We hope to find a better therapynd eventually a cureor cancer. c
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