#Synthetic muscle ready for launch Rasmussen developed the material at RAS Labs and has worked closely with researchers
Defects in this process can lead to cancer, genetic problems and premature aging. In a research paper published in the Journal of Cell biology, Alessandro Vindigni, Ph d.,professor in the Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology at Saint louis University
or loss of genetic information that in turn can cause premature aging, cancer, and genetic abnormalities. Depending on the degree of genome instability
as this can lead to cancer. It is the degree of genomic instability caused by the lesion that will determine
Now, researchers at MIT Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) have created a polymer gel that overcomes this safety concern
#Researchers Reveal How Chronic Inflammation Can Lead to Cancer Chronic inflammation caused by disease or exposure to dangerous chemicals has long been linked to cancer,
but exactly how this process takes place has remained unclear. Now, a precise mechanism by which chronic inflammation can lead to cancer has been uncovered by researchers at MIT a development that could lead to improved targets for preventing future tumors.
In a paper published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
the researchers unveil how one of a battery of chemical warfare agents used by the immune system to fight off infection can itself create DNA mutations that lead to cancer.
As many as one in five cancers are believed to be caused or promoted by inflammation. These include mesothelioma,
a type of lung cancer caused by inflammation following chronic exposure to asbestos, and colon cancer in people with a history of inflammatory bowel disease, says Bogdan Fedeles,
are the kind of lesions that would initiate cancer, he adds. DNA sequencing of a developing gastrointestinal tumor revealed two types of mutation:
cytosine (C) bases changing to thymine (T) bases, and adenine (A) bases changing to guanine (G) bases.
he explains. his scenario would best explain the work of James Fox and his MIT colleagues on gastrointestinal cancer.
or patterns of DNA mutations, associated with cancerous tumors. e believe that in the context of inflammation-induced damage of DNA,
says the paper provides a novel mechanistic link between chronic inflammation and cancer development. ith a combination of biochemical,
a type of mutation that is frequently observed in human cancers, Wang says. Studies of tissue samples of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease have found significant levels of 5clc,
who was honored with the prestigious Benjamin F. Trump award at the 2015 Aspen Cancer Conference for the research.
The findings could also have important ramifications for research in other areas, notably cancer, where the same kinds of cells play a major role.
and, importantly, cancer. The findings open the door to new possibilities for developing drugs to fight asthma as well as other diseases
Saltzman and Girardi are affiliated with the Yale Cancer Center
#Neurologists Speed up Connectome Analysis by More than 10-Fold Unraveling the connectivity maps between nerve cells in brains is a huge scientific endeavor called connectomics.
treat cancer, strengthen polymers, sterilize medical devices, and even to make diamonds green and pearls black.
#The device is intended for use in remote laboratory settings to diagnose various types of cancers and nervous system disorders, such as Alzheimer,
and high cholesterol patients in the future. magine a patient has cancer, and only so much time to live,
#Cells that regenerate liver without cancer risk NEW YORK: Scientists have discovered new type of cells which are an important part of liver regeneration.
and grow without causing cancer, which tends to be a risk with rapid cell division.""Hybrid hepatocytes represent not only the most effective way to repair a diseased liver,
They then exposed healthy mice to three known cancer-causing pathways and watched the hybrid hepatocytes closely.
Liver cancer never originated from these cells s
#Cells in mice restore liver damage without cancer risk In a breakthrough discovery, medical researchers have discovered a type of cell in mice
which restores liver damage without the risk of cancer. The researchers have also found the similar cells in human.
When healthy liver cells are depleted by long-term exposure to toxic chemicals, the newly discovered cells,
and then exposed healthy mice to three known cancer-causing pathways and watched the hybrid hepatocytes closely.
The researchers noticed that liver cancer never originated from these cells. Lead author Michael Karin of the University of California said that the hybrid hepatocytes represented not only the most effective way to repair a diseased liver,
Young men with cancer could be helped by the process s
#From reel to real: Potter-style invisibility cloak a reality now WASHINGTON: Scientists have developed a Harry Potterstyle ultra-thin invisibility cloak that can conform to the shape of tiny objects
#Two-step therapy for breast tumour shows promise Disabling a cancer-causing pathway and administering an immune-molecule-based'mop-up'therapy can eradicate a type of breast tumour in mice,
#Cure for cancer might accidentally have been found, and it could be malaria Scientists might have made accidentally a huge step forward in the search for a cure for cancer discovering unexpectedly that a malaria protein could be an effective weapon against the disease.
Danish researchers were hunting for a way of protecting pregnant women from malaria, which can cause huge problems
But they found at the same time that armed malaria proteins can attack cancer, too an approach which could be a step towards curing the disease. that can then bury into cancer cells and release the toxin,
and a tumor,"said Ali Salanti from University of Copenhagen.""The placenta is an organ,
In a manner of speaking, tumors do much the same, they grow aggressively in a relatively foreign environment."
"The process has already been tested in cells and on mice with cancer, with the findings described in a new article for the journal Cancer cell.
because the protein appears to only attach itself to a carbohydrate that is only found in the placenta and in cancer tumors in humans."
"In the tests on mice, the animals were implanted with three different types of human cancers.
got rid of protstate cancer entirely in two of six mice and kept alive five out of six mice that had metastatic bone cancer compared to a control group all of
which died.""We have separated the malaria protein, which attaches itself to the carbohydrate and then added a toxin,
a cancer researcher at Canada's University of British columbia and one of the scientists that worked on the research."
#Blood cancer develops from prior blood disorder Researchers have discovered how an incurable type of blood cancer develops from an often symptomless prior blood disorder.
and ways to identify those most at risk of developing the cancer. All patients diagnosed with myeloma,
a cancer of the blood-producing bone marrow, first develop a relatively benign condition called'monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance'or MGUS."
"Our findings show that very few changes are required for a MGUS patient to progress to myeloma as we now know virtually all patients with myeloma evolve from MGUS,
"A drug that interferes with these initial metabolic changes could make very effective treatment for myeloma,
and only progresses to cancer in approximately one in 100 cases. However, currently there is no way of accurately predicting which patients with MGUS are likely to go on to get myeloma.
It specifically affects antibody-producing white blood cells found in the bone marrow, called plasma cells. For the study, the researchers compared the cellular chemistry of bone marrow
and blood samples taken from patients with myeloma, patients with MGUS and healthy volunteers. Surprisingly, the researchers found that the metabolic activity of the bone marrow of patients with MGUS was significantly different to plasma from healthy volunteers,
but there were very few differences at all between the MGUS and myeloma samples. The research team found over 200 products of metabolism differed between the healthy volunteers
and patients with MGUS or myeloma, compared to just 26 differences between MGUS patients and myeloma patients.
The findings suggest that the biggest metabolic changes occur with the development of the symptomless condition MGUS and not with the later progression to myeloma.
The researchers believe that these small changes could drive the key shifts in the bone marrow required to support myeloma growth.
The study was published in Blood Cancer Journal l
#Premature birth may weaken brain connections Premature birth may result in weakened connections in brain networks linked to attention, communication and the processing of emotions, thereby increasing risk of neurological and psychiatric disorders,
remove a tumor from a 60-year-old woman kidney and to help repair a 28-year-old woman atlantoaxial dislocation condition.
#3d printed Tadpole Endoscope device can improve cancer diagnoses Very recently, we reported on 3d printed icrofishrobots that can be injected directly into our blood to perform complex medical tasks.
A team from the Institute of Precision Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong kong as developed 3d printed tadpole-like devices that can improve diagnosis of various cancers by entering the patient stomach
A traditional procedure for diagnosing cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI TRACT which rank as the second most prevalent among all types of cancers in the world,
is endoscopy, wherein a long, flexible tube with a light and camera attached to its end passes through a person digestive system.
and relatively noninvasive solution that could improve the very way we diagnose cancers. Developed to be swallowed just like a large pill (it is a bit bigger than a small coin),
when it comes to cancer diagnosis. Once the stomach has been checked thoroughly, the device wimsinto the lower GI TRACT aided by natural peristaltic actionhat is,
and could be useful for tissue engineering, providing invaluable aid to neurosurgeons and cancer researchers.
If a Makerbot Replicator 3d printer can be used in pharmacological research labs for advances studies on how to administer cancer fighting drugs,
According to the American Cancer Society, more than 220,000 men in the US will be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year,
prostatectomy procedures remove the entire prostate gland. 80%of these procedures in the US are, the National Cancer Institute states,
and feels just like their patient kidney tumor. This technology has the potential to reinvent the way we teach
#Cancer Patient Receives 3d Printed Sternum and Ribs in First of its Kind Surgery Only months after Australia scientific research arm launched its $6 million 3d printing facility,
helping to improve the life of one Spanish cancer patient. With a 3d printed titanium sternum and rib implant, designed
an international collaboration has aided a 54-year-old patient diagnosed with a chest wall sarcoma.
First, Anatomics produced a 3d reconstruction of the patient chest wall and tumor with high-resolution CT SCANS, with
However he was excited most about the technology's potential in treating diseases such as cancer by delivering drugs more efficiently."
or debilitating lung conditions including cancer, tuberculosis, asthma and cystic fibrosis. But the Respitetm nebulizer also has the potential to be used to administer insulin to people with diabetes
#Microbubble Technology for Delivery of Nanoparticles to Tumours Biomedical researchers led by Dr. Gang Zheng at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre have converted successfully microbubble technology already used in diagnostic imaging into nanoparticles that stay
potentially overcoming one of the biggest translational challenges of cancer nanotechnology. In addition, we have demonstrated that imaging can be used to validate
organic nanoparticle delivery platforms capable of transporting cancer therapeutics directly to tumours. Source: http://www. uhn. ca a
the presence of an unseen tumor or show whether an infection has developed around a surgical implant."
The company envisions a wide application of this immunodepletion strategy in other fibrotic diseases and cancer,
"Dr. Mindy George-Weinstein, Professor of Biomedical sciences at the Cooper Medical school of Rowan University, stated,"Myo/Nog cells have also been found in a variety of tumors,
where we predict they contribute to tumor growth. This targeted 3dna immunodepletion strategy may be useful as an adjuvant therapy to reduce tumor expansion and recurrence."
"Dr. Robert Getts, Chief Science Officer of Genisphere, said, "Since the antibody has broad utility
and the University of Illinois Cancer Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago were partners in this work e
a virologist who leads the CHS Research Group on Noroviruses at the German Cancer Research center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and Heidelberg University.
This could be especially beneficial to immunosuppressed individuals such as cancer patients. Administering a vaccine to protect against infection would overwhelm the patient's immune system.
and accurately detect a biomarker for prostate cancer, which has a high rate of false positives using conventional diagnostic tools.
#Packaging Cancer drug into Nanoparticles Double Tumor Destroying Efficacy Researchers have packaged a widely used cancer drug into nanoparticles,
more than doubling its effectiveness at destroying tumors. The drug paclitaxel has been used for decades to fight breast, ovarian, lung and other cancers.
But its effectiveness has been limited by its small molecular size and insolubility in water--properties that allow the body to clear the drug too quickly,
reducing its accumulation in tumors. Many molecular packaging systems have been developed to deliver the drug while counteracting these effects, with a protein-bound version of the drug called Abraxane currently the leading therapy.
the Duke team doubled tumor exposure to the drug compared to Abraxane while simultaneously reducing its effects on healthy tissue.
This kept mice with tumors alive significantly longer and, in some cases, completely eradicated the tumors.
and accumulate in tumors where they take advantage of a tumor's acidic environment.""The chemical bonds holding the polypeptide cage together are stable in blood,
but dissolve in a tumor's lower ph levels,"said Jayanta Bhattacharyya, senior researcher in Chilkoti's lab and first author on the paper."
"This delivers the drug directly to the tumor and helps prevent it from randomly absorbing into healthy tissue, reducing side effects."
A second group of mice had human prostate tumors growing under their skin. Similarly, while they did not survive past 60 days
the Duke technology showed a higher concentration of paclitaxel in the tumors with more staying power than Abraxane,
it could be a game-changer for cancer therapy.""In future work, Chilkoti and coworkers will begin applying the packaging system to other cancer drugs with the goal of developing a"one size fits all"technology to improve the effectiveness of many other cancer drugs s
which exploit modified human cells to treat diseases such as cancer, have advanced greatly over recent years.
The study, published today (date) in Nature Communications shows that cancer mouse models injected with immune cells carrying SPIOS and armed with the cancer killing oncolytic virus (OV)
#Translational Grant for Interaction Study of Laser radiation with Circulating Tumor Cells and Melanin Nanoparticles University of Arkansas for Medical sciences (UAMS) researcher Vladimir Zharov, Ph d.,D. Sc.
was awarded a $1. 7 million grant by the National Cancer Institute for clinical testing of a new technology called Theranostics,
which is an integration of early diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. Zharov is director of the Arkansas Nanomedicine Center at the UAMS Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute and a professor in the UAMS College of Medicine Department of Otolarynology-Head and Neck Surgery.
Zharov has pioneered the development of identifying tumor cellscirculation in the blood stream of melanoma patients by looking directly through the patient veins using a technology called photoacoustic flow cytometry.
This technology uses a special laser that penetrates through the skin and superficial veins and can heat the natural melanin nanoparticles in melanoma circulating tumor cells (CTCS).
The thermal expansion of these nanoparticles generates sound that can be detected with an ultrasound transducer attached to the skin.
This can improve the detection of CTCS by 1000-fold. he goal of this translational research grant is for patients to benefit from the knowledge obtained during our study of the interaction of laser radiation with circulating tumor cells and nanoparticles
After a comprehensive study of all these phenomena in animal models and recently in pilot trails in humans, Zharov and his team are ready to develop a second generation of his technology to detect CTCS in vivo at the earliest stages of cancer. sing Theranostics
we will focus on the most aggressive form of melanoma, which metastasizes at an early disease stage making treatment extremely difficult,
Because not all melanoma cells highly express melanin especially in early disease stages, the researchers proposed genetic,
The researchers also discovered that many standard medical procedures especially vigorous manipulation of the tumor, certain types of biopsies and surgery can trigger the release of cancer cells from a primary tumor into circulation, increasing CTC counts.
So while some treatments can provide temporary positive effects, in the long term CTCS released during a medical procedure may cause the cancer to metastasize.
To prevent this side effect of treatment, the researchers will use a portable photoacoustic flow cytometer,
A similar approach can be used to monitor the effectiveness of the different types of treatment for cancer by counting the CTCS before, during and after therapy.
leading to a decrease in the chances of cancer spreading to other organs. urther study could determine
whether these new cancer treatments are effective enough to be used alone or if they should be used in conjunction with conventional cancer therapy,
Zharov said. The clinical team will first test a large group of healthy volunteers to make sure the treatment does no harm. urprisingly,
Zharov said. t will help to better distinguish melanoma-associated small changes in photoacoustic signals at early disease stages.
A metastatic tumor or hypothetically even a single tumor cell, while undetectable with existing diagnostic techniques, can release specific markers in blood that can be detected with this technique. his is a completely new concept of early cancer diagnosis,
and melanoma could be the first cancer with metastatic spread that could be treatable by well-timed therapy,
Zharov said. As a result of this project, a commercial portable cost-effective photoacoustic flow cytometer will be developed for broad application with cancers as well as infection and cardiovascular diseases by detection of bacteria, viruses,
infected cells and clots with enhanced diagnostic sensitivity and treatment efficiency. n R01 grant from the National institute of health is very difficult to obtain,
the Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, the Jackson T. Stephens Spine & Neurosciences Institute, the Myeloma Institute, the Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, the Psychiatric Research
it also has broad implications for targeted therapy for other diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders,"said Chien.
may aid efforts to build point-of-care devices for quick medical diagnosis of various diseases ranging from cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STDS),
such as novel approaches in tackling cancer. Tailored DNA structures could find targeted cells and release their molecular payload (drugs or antibodies) selectively into these cells."
and repair to regulation events in metabolic disorders and cancer.""This new technology has revealed what has been a major unknown in biology,
For example, chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of cancer are linked often chemically to antibodies that recognize antigens found only on the surface of the target tumor.
One obvious and highly promising application is in the production of so-called antibody-drug conjugates (ADCS) for use in tumor therapy.
As mentioned above, ADCS enable cytotoxic agents to be transported directly to the tumor tissue thus minimizing deleterious side-effects."
Strangely shaped cells often indicate cancer. While this old simple technique may seem a quaint throwback in the age of high-tech health care tools like genetic sequencing,
PET imaging is used widely in the management of cancer patients. Most commonly, an FDG PET scan is carried out to identify areas with high glucose metabolism, such as tumours.
As a result we have managed to lower the radiation dose for cancer patients and our staff and also increase the numbers of scans we are able to carry out, added Ian l
--and such chromosome fusions can lead to diseases such as cancer. To learn more about the process, Kapoor,
MURATA Yoji at the Kobe University Graduate school of Medicine Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, were the first to demonstrate the role of stomach cancer-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase (SAP)- 1 in the pathogenesis and prevention of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis,
Patients are associated also with a high risk of developing colorectal cancer. In Japan, there are an estimated 200,000 patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,
The method could lead to new ways to treat cancer, type 1 diabetes and viral infections as well as facilitating research into T-cell function.'
in this way, T-cells could be manipulated to control cancer or possibly eliminate a tumour entirely. CRISPR/Cas9 involves the identification of specific areas on the DNA.
which is personalised to the mutations of an individual patient's cancer DNA. The test screened the blood for DNA with these mutations.
the test will allow scientists to track further mutations that develop in cancers over time,
as it would allow the tailoring of treatment to the genetic make-up of an individual's cancer.
Professor Paul Workman, Chief executive of the Institute of Cancer Research, London, said:''We are moving into an era of personalised medicine for cancer patients.
This test could help us stay a step ahead of cancer by monitoring the way it is changing
and picking treatments that exploit the weakness of the particular tumour.''Dr Nick Peel, from Cancer Research UK, said:'
'Finding less invasive ways of diagnosing and monitoring cancer is really important and blood samples have emerged as one possible way of gathering crucial information about a patient's disease.'
'He added:''But there is some way to go before this could be developed into a test that doctors could use routinely,
#Researcher Discovers Molecules That Kill Cancer, Protect Healthy Cells Researchers have identified new molecules that kill cancer cells
while protecting healthy cells and that could be used to treat a variety of different cancers.
Professor Lu has applied the tool to understand the molecular mechanisms that cause cancer at the very moment
in particular the widely used platinum chemotherapeutic Cisplatin, work in treating a variety of cancers.""We know DNA damage is the initial step,
"With the novel femtomedicine approach we can go back to the very beginning to find out what causes DNA damage in the first place, then mutation, and then cancer."
as well as being effective in treating many different types of cancer and having a novel molecular mechanism of action.
#Uncovering Genetic Factors in Leukemia Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered how a gene linked to leukemia functions,
a finding that may have important implications for children with Down syndrome who have a higher risk of developing the blood cancer.
making that chromosome an important avenue for researching the genetic basis of the cancer. major goal of my laboratory is to identify the specific gene or genes on chromosome 21 responsible for the increased incidence of leukemia in this population,
and a member of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University. In previous work, Crispino and colleagues found that a gene on chromosome 21 called DYRK1A contributes to the development of leukemia.
Now, in a paper published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, they expanded on that research by studying the gene in depth.
because human B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases show increased levels of DYRK1A, said Crispino. he results suggest that DYRK1A may be a novel target for therapy in this form of leukemia.
This work was supported by a National institutes of health grant, the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation, the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the Rally Foundation and the Bear Necessities Foundation e
#Capturing Cell Growth in 3d Replicating how cancer and other cells interact in the body is somewhat difficult in the lab. Biologists generally culture one cell type in plastic plates,
Among other things, the device can help researchers better study biological processes, such as cancer metastasis, and more accurately capture how cancer cells react to chemotherapy agents,
including studies of cancer and stem cell research, neuroscience, and the circulatory system. This month AIM Biotech will begin deploying the commercial devices to 47 research groups in 13 countries for user feedback.
In a 2011 study, researchers in his group discovered that breast cancer cells can break free from tumors
in a 2012 study, they found that macrophages a type of white blood cells were key in helping tumor cells break through blood vessels.
is studying cancer metastasis as demonstrated with his own work to develop better treatments. In the body, cells break loose from a tumor
and migrate through tissue into the blood system, where they get stuck in the small blood vessels of a distant organ
Then they can escape from inside the vessel to form another tumor. AIM Biotech microfluidics device produces a similar microenvironment:
Tumor cells can be introduced, flowing naturally or getting stuck in the vessels. Kamm said this environment could be useful in testing cancer drugs,
as well as anti-angiogenesis compounds that prevent the development of blood vessels, effectively killing tumors by cutting off their blood supply.
MIT researchers used Kamm's microfluidics technology to screen several drugs that aim to prevent tumors from breaking up
To test the nanoclew CRISPR-Cas delivery system, the researchers treated cancer cell cultures and tumors in mice.
#Researchers Find New Clue to Halting Leukemia Relapse A protein domain once considered of little importance may be key to helping patients who are fighting acute myeloid leukemia (AML) avoid a relapse.
Researchers at Rice university, working with colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, have made a small molecule that could deliver a one-two punch to proteins that resist chemotherapy
and other cancers helps the cancer cells survive chemotherapy, so any new strategy we can develop to stop that process could mean real benefit for our patients,
who is also part of the leukemia and lymphoma teams at Texas Children Hospital. Ball said STAT3 has been a target for scientists trying to shut down cancer cells.
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