Dry powder inhaler formulation Despite advances in vaccination and antimicrobial therapy, community-acquired pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, even in highly developed countries.
ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP), an antibiotic commonly used to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, and beclomethasone dipropionate (BP), a corticosteroid commonly used to inhibit inflammatory responses.
The novelty of this formulation lies in the combination of the two drugs. Previous clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy, safety and tolerability of CIP on human patients.
and excellent antimicrobial activities,"explains Heng.""Our follow-up microbial assays show that a concentration as low as one microgram per milliliter is enough to inhibit three of the bacteria known to cause this type of pneumonia.""
Dry powder inhalers exhibit several advantages over traditional drug delivery methods, including improved formulation stability, enhanced delivery efficiency, excellent portability and ease of use.
And many drugs work by targeting specific membrane proteins.""Currently, scientists only know the structure of a small handful of membrane proteins.
Our research paves the way to understand the structure of the thousands of different types of membrane proteins to allow the development of many new drugs
#Universal Ebola drug target identified by researchers University of Utah biochemists have reported a new drug discovery tool against the Ebola virus.
This new tool can be used as a drug target in the discovery of anti-Ebola agents that are effective against all known strains and likely future strains.
and is currently screening for drugs against the target.)The Utah scientists designed peptide mimics of a highly conserved region in the Ebola protein that controls entry of the virus into the human host cell,
Importantly, the researchers were able to demonstrate this peptide target is suitable for use in high-throughput drug screens.
These kinds of screens allow rapid identification of potential new drugs from billions of possible candidates.
Current experimental drugs generally target only one of Ebola's five species."The current growing epidemic demonstrates the need for effective broad-range Ebola virus therapies,
Therefore, our target will enable the discovery of drugs with the potential to treat any future epidemic,
but a number of promising experimental drugs are being advanced aggressively to clinical trials to address the current crisis. Dr. Eckert notes,"
which are promising drug candidates. Unlike natural peptides, they are digested not by enzymes in the blood.
and may be key to developing new drugs and therapies. Specifically principal investigator Albert R. La Spada MD Phd professor of cellular and molecular medicine chief of the Division of Genetics in the Department of Pediatrics and associate director of the Institute for Genomic
because not only have shown we this particular part of the protein is essential for necroptosis we also have a starting point in a drug discovery program.
Dr Murphy said institute scientists would now embark on a collaborative project with Catalyst Therapeutics to develop a potent new drug based on the small molecule identified in the study.
The optimal drug therapies we have today often aren't enough to manage this disease for some patients
Drug and device therapies that are currently available for heart failure improve that same quality of life score by only five or 10 points.
and antibiotic therapy could reduce that risk in future studies. There were no hospitalizations among the participants for stroke thrombosis sepsis or bleeding
"Hijacking the hijacker"A tempting premise is to use this same machinery to introduce drugs or genes into the nervous system,"Dr. Perlson added.
and limit the spread of the virus. A drug of this type affects the physical properties of the virus's DNA
which means that the drug can resist the virus's mutations said Alex Evilevitch. The second study that Evilevitch and his colleagues have published recently is about bacteriophages
and demonstrated how the MFICS can size droplets precisely a useful function for drug delivery or studying microreactor chambers.
If you want to use your boat sooner clean all surfaces with hot (over 104 degrees F.)water a high-pressure hose or a disinfectant like a household bleach solution.
and only one therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. While most of these vaccines are created with dendritic cells,
In 2014, Cowan identified two drugs with the potential to convert stem cells that make white fat into those that would make brown. his latest study gives us new tools and targets to use in the battle against obesity
-or right-handed form may have a multitude of practical applications, potentially leading to new and improved drugs, diagnosis methods, and pesticides.
The breakthrough could be important in developing effective molecules for use in a wide range of industries everything from the development of safer new drugs and disease diagnosis to less toxic pesticides.
for instance with chiral drugs. Presently, more than 50 per cent of all drugs produced are active in only one of their two handed forms.
The chemistry of life Dr Ivan Powis, Professor of Chemical Physics in the University School of Chemistry, who led the research,
for instance the well-known malformation of the limbs of infants of pregnant women taking the Thalidomide drug to relieve morning sickness that occurred around 1960.
In addition to the development of effective new drugs and diagnosis methods for diseases including cancer, it could potentially lead to new reenpesticides using pheromones tailored specifically to attract pollinators
or even stop their current HIV drug regimen and clear the virus from the body altogether,
Certain drugs help suppress the virus, but since the human immune system can clear the virus from the body,
people with HIV have the virus for life. espite increased scientific understanding of HIV and better prevention and treatment with available drugs, a majority of the 35 million people living with HIV,
#Yale Researchers Successfully Treat Eczema with Rheumatoid arthritis Drug A team of scientists at Yale university used a rheumatoid arthritis drug to successfully treated patients with moderate to severe eczema.
The same rheumatoid arthritis drug (tofacitinib citrate) has shown recently to reverse two other disfiguring skin conditions, vitiligo and alopecia areata.
Based on current scientific models of eczema biology, assistant professor of dermatology Dr. Brett King. hypothesized that a drug approved for rheumatoid arthritis,
In the new study, King and his colleagues report that treatment with the drug led to dramatic improvement in six patients with moderate to severe eczema who had tried previously conventional therapies without success. During treatment all six
They initially sought to develop nanoparticles that could be used to deliver drugs to cancer cells. Brandl had synthesized previously polymers that could be cleaved apart by exposure to UV light.
But he and Bertrand came to question their suitability for drug delivery, since UV light can be damaging to tissue and cells,
and approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a food additive, and polylactic acid, a biodegradable plastic used in compostable cups and glassware.
The study also suggests the broader potential for adapting nanoscale drug-delivery techniques developed for use in environmental remediation. hat we can apply some of the highly sophisticated,
and other disciplines also tested the response of tumor cells with specific mutations to anticancer drugs.
in addition to loss of NF1, multiple factors need to be tested to predict the response to the drugs. t opens the door to more research,
Clinics have to track their drugs, generate tedious reports to get new supplies and deliver those reports to central facilities.
the clinic wouldn get the drugs it needed to treat its patients. The 3g technology has allowed clinics to computerize much of their administrative work,
their treatment options are limited to antibiotics, blood transfusions, and fluid supplements to deal with the symptoms of the disease.
All of these drugs are being developed under the FDA nimal rule, which requires extensive efficacy data in animal models,
Since many of these drugs have passed already human safety testing they could be on the market before the next nuclear catastrophe strikes p
Doctors prescribe antidepressants in the Beehive state at nearly twice the average rate in the U s. Speculation as to
its Scanaflow device is an at home urine-testing apparatus that can test for drugs or even a possible pregnancy. lot more healthcare is going to happen in the home in the future,
a first that could allow researchers to test drugs on working muscle without damaging a live host.
and responds to drugs just like regular human muscle as replacements for lost musculature, which suggests the samples are still too small to be useful.
and it looks like it will be a real boon for researchers trying to figure out the effects of various diseases and drugs on the body.
Not sure if that pill youe taking is Aspirin or Ibuprofen? Worried that your local pharmacy is slipping you some sort of generic drug instead of the real thing?
Well a new handheld scanning device called SCIO could ensure that the stuff youe putting in your body is actually stuff you want to ingest.
but powerful scanner that can be pointed at a thing like a pill or a liquid or even a piece of fruit and tell you exactly what it made of.
and drugs they eat. Using near infrared spectroscopy the device connects with a mobile app
The Regulatory Pathwaythe U s. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has created three categories of MMAS: Of more than 43000 health-related apps available by 2013 only 103 were regulated FDA Tighe says.
The Regulatory Pathwaythe U s. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has created three categories of MMAS: Of more than 43000 health-related apps available by 2013 only 103 were regulated FDA Tighe says.
That because just a month earlier, in November 2013, the Food and Drug Administration had cracked down on 23andme.
or take a drug overdose. Critics of the decision said it had more to do with questions about
or lower, their risk for drug reactions, common diseases, or personality traits such as a lack of empathy.
and avoid drugs like Novocain. think that how people should be using thiss a conversation-starter with medical professionals,
Ello on the other hand positions itself as an antidote to that: it doesn t include any ads and one of several manifestos posted on the site says that those behind Ello dislike ads more than almost anyone else out there.
#Gene-Silencing Drugs Finally Show Promise The disease starts with a feeling of increased clumsiness.
because it suggested a way to shut down the production of any protein in the body including those connected with diseases that couldn't be touched with ordinary drugs.
Never mind that no one knew how to make a drug that could trigger RNAI. In fact that challenge would bedevil the researchers for the better part of a decade.
But now Alnylam is testing a drug to treat FAP in advanced human trials. It s the last hurdle before the company will seek regulatory approval to put the drug on the market.
Although it s too early to tell how well the drug will alleviate symptoms it s doing
what the researchers hoped it would: it can decrease the production of the protein that causes FAP by more than 80 percent.
Alnylam has more than 11 drugs including ones for hemophilia Hepatitis b and even high cholesterol in its development pipeline and has three in human trials progress that led the pharmaceutical company Sanofi to make a $700 million investment in the company last winter.
All told there are about 15 RNAI-based drugs in clinical trials from several research groups and companies.
The early mechanisms were too toxic at the doses required to be used as drugs. As a result delivering RNA through the bloodstream like a conventional drug seemed a far-off prospect.
The company tried a shortcut of injecting chemically modified RNA directly into diseased tissue for example into the retina to treat eye diseases.
because it didn t perform as well as up-and-coming drugs from other companies. By 2010 some of the major drug companies that were working with and investing in Alnylam lost patience.
Better nanoparticles improved the potency of a drug a hundredfold and its safety by about five times clearing the way for clinical trials for FAP a crucial event that kept the company alive.
This approach allows for the drug to be administered with a simple injection that patients could give themselves at home.
In addition to being easier to administer the new sugar-based drugs are potentially cheaper to make.
For all of their benefits the drug delivery mechanisms Alnylam uses have one flaw they re effective only for delivering drugs to liver cells.
but if it maintains its momentum the drugs currently in clinical trials could represent just a small portion of the benefits of the discovery of RNAI i
And while wee still far from turning new insights into effective and safe drugs at least the emerging knowledge is giving researchers some options in exploring potential treatments.
drug researchers might be able to zero in on specific common pathways or types of cells in attempts to tackle these disorders.
and laboratories to detect patterns that might alert doctors to potential adverse drug interactions and other prescription issues.
the scientists who authored the editorial say society needs to develop ntegrated risk managementincluding genetic antidotes that could reverse the effect,
the U s. Food & Drug Administration approved Neuropace, the first implant that both records from the brain and stimulates it (see apping Seizures Away.
and who can be helped with drugs and psychotherapy. his is never going to be a first-line option:
Researchers have speculated for decades that a drug that could inhibit IDE might help some type 2 diabetes patients.
Small-molecule drugs, which make up the majority of medicines, are compounds far smaller than less common biological medicines like antibodies.
which may be why the Harvard team was able to identify an IDE-controlling drug when so many had failed in the past.
The newly identified IDE inhibitor could be the starting point for developing a powerful new drug for type 2 diabetes.
#Nerve-Stimulating Implant Could Lower Blood pressure An implantable device that reduces blood pressure by stimulating a nerve in the neck could someday be an alternative to drugs for controlling hypertension.
and some patients taking the drugs suffer from side effects including fatigue and lightheadedness. An implantable device would allow reducing the blood pressure in these patients
and some find that side effects make the drug regimens difficult to maintain. The worst part is that the blood pressure is still high
Whereas drugs cannot adapt to patient activities an intelligent implant can he says which could offer a way to treat hypertension on demand d
The methods developed to create the designer genomic structure could help synthetic biologists better use the single-celled fungi as biological factories for chemicals like biofuels and drugs.
or perhaps be better factories for useful molecules like fuels and drugs. Already the researchers have shown that inducing mutation in yeast using the designer sites led to some cells that grow more slowly,
#New Antibiotic from Soil Bacteria Many of the most widely used antibiotics have come out of the dirt.
Now, researchers from Northeastern University and Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals and their colleagues have identified a new Gram-positive bacteria-targeting antibiotic from a soil sample collected in Maine that can kill species including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Moreover, the researchers have not yet found any bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotic, called teixobactin.
microbiologist Kim Lewis, director of Northeastern Antimicrobial Discovery Center. But mice treated with teixobactin after lethal doses of either MRSA
That the antibiotic can kill M. tuberculosis s a major breakthrough because it is virtually certain to be effective for the multi-resistant strains that are now all but impossible to treat,
Although further studies are needed before the antibiotic can be tested in humans animal efficacy models are often predictive of a drug effects in humans,
said Gerard Wright, director of the Institute for Infectious disease Research at Mcmaster University in Hamilton, Canada,
said Wright. his biodiversity is also hiding a lot of chemical diversity that may include other new antibiotics. his is a very clever technique, added Robert Austin,
because this will not lead to new antibiotics. Rather than targeting a protein whose gene is mutable,
said Lewis. A related antibiotic, vancomycin, binds to a mutable peptide added to the peptidoglycan precursor.
Vancomycin-producing Gram-positive bacteria make an alternative peptide to outmaneuver the antibiotic, produced to target other Gram-positive species. Some Gram-positive bacteria acquired this alternative peptide-coding gene through horizontal gene transfer over the course of around 30 years,
providing us with a new strategy for antibiotic development, he added. Cambridge-based Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals,
which Lewis co-founded, is now using this cultivation technique to identify other potential antibiotic compounds
I would caution people to not be overly optimistic until we see what happens in realistic clinical settings. he rate of evolution of large-scale resistance will depend on the dosage and frequency of the antibiotic use, added Princeton microbiologist Julia Bos, a member
Assuming the antibiotic is efficacious and well tolerated in humans, drug like this must be reserved for serious diseases
but also expedite the drug development process, "Dr Mandal said. Dr Kameshwar Prasad, professor and head of neurology at AIIMS, said the findings are preliminary."
Early identification can help in giving drug therapy to slow the degeneration process and develop strategies to enhance the patient's living environment,
Several recently developed drugs--bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept--can help treat these blood vessels by blocking the action of VEGF,
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
Sodhi suggested if a drug can be found that safely blocks the second protein's action in patients'eyes
Several recently developed drugs--bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept--can help treat these blood vessels by blocking the action of VEGF,
But studies have shown that although these drugs slow progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, it does not reliably prevent it,
Sodhi suggested if a drug can be found that safely blocks the second protein's action in patients'eyes
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
"The tool can be used to take away the wastage in a drug, meaning that you need less of it to do the same work.
and could mean that the drugs treat tumours much more effectively. As well as helping with treatment, the tool could cut down the wastage created during the process of making drugs.
That could make the pharmaceutical much more sustainable and reduce their impact on the environment.
Using the invention on carboplatin a common cancer treatment drug, used against ovarian and lung cancers has boosted the potency by almost five times.
"The tool can be used to take away the wastage in a drug, meaning that you need less of it to do the same work.
and could mean that the drugs treat tumours much more effectively. As well as helping with treatment, the tool could cut down the wastage created during the process of making drugs.
That could make the pharmaceutical much more sustainable and reduce their impact on the environment.
have been developed into successful drugs. It is hoped that T-VEC could be used in combination with these.
have already been submitted to drugs regulators in Europe and the USA. Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
have been developed into successful drugs. It is hoped that T-VEC could be used in combination with these.
have already been submitted to drugs regulators in Europe and the USA. Viral immunotherapies are also being investigated for use against advanced head and neck cancers, bladder cancers and liver cancers.
This is an important step for the future production of large numbers of these cells for use in cell transplantation therapies or large-scale drug screens, researchers from the Molecular Medicine Institute in Lisbon,
#Engineered E coli to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria WASHINGTON: Researchers have engineered successfully E coli bacteria to produce new forms of antibiotics including three that show promise in fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
Blaine A Pfeifer, an associate professor of chemical and biological engineering in the University at Buffalo School of engineering and Applied sciences, has been studying how to engineer Escherichia coli (E coli) to generate new varieties of erythromycin, a popular antibiotic.
In the new study, Pfeifer and colleagues report that they have done this successfully, harnessing E coli to synthesise dozens of new forms of the drug that have a slightly different structure from existing versions.
Three of these new varieties of erythromycin successfully killed bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis that were resistant to the original form of erythromycin used clinically"We're focused on trying to come up with new antibiotics that can overcome antibiotic resistance,
and we see this as an important step forward, "said Pfeifer.""We have not only created new analogs of erythromycin,
but also developed a platform for using E coli to produce the drug, "he said. Over the past 11 years, Pfeifer's research has focused on manipulating E coli
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
Researchers have engineered successfully E coli bacteria to produce new forms of antibiotics including three that show promise in fighting drug-resistant bacteria.
Blaine A Pfeifer, an associate professor of chemical and biological engineering in the University at Buffalo School of engineering and Applied sciences, has been studying how to engineer Escherichia coli (E coli) to generate new varieties of erythromycin, a popular antibiotic.
harnessing E coli to synthesise dozens of new forms of the drug that have a slightly different structure from existing versions.
Three of these new varieties of erythromycin successfully killed bacteria of the species Bacillus subtilis that were resistant to the original form of erythromycin used clinically"We're focused on trying to come up with new antibiotics that can overcome antibiotic resistance,
but also developed a platform for using E coli to produce the drug, "he said. Over the past 11 years, Pfeifer's research has focused on manipulating E coli
so that the drug they make is slightly different than versions used in hospitals today. The process of creating erythromycin begins with three basic building blocks called metabolic precursors chemical compounds that are combined
which is being called the world's first digital drug, can zap your brain to make you feel
Antiviral antibodies in the blood find and bind to their target epitopes within the displayed peptides.
and needed morphine to make it through the day, "he recalled. But within days of undergoing the operation last October, the pain vanished.
and needed morphine to make it through the day, "he recalled. But within days of undergoing the operation last October, the pain vanished.
#In a first, drug offers hope for children with dwarfism An experimental drug, vying to become the first approved treatment for dwarfism, improved growth in children by a significant amount in a preliminary study, the drug's developer,
Biomarin Pharmaceutical, said on Wednesday. In the study, the 10 children who got the highest dose of the drug grew at an average rate of 6. 1cm,
or 2. 4 inches, per year, about a 50%increase from the four centimetres per year they were growing before starting the drug.
The growth rate while on the drug was similar to that of a child without the condition
the company said. Wall street investors and analysts had been hoping for a 50%improvement in growth rate,
a drug already marketed for certain children, can also increase the growth rate for people with dwarfism to 6 centimetres per year
The drug, which is called BMN 111 or vosoritide, is aimed at treating achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism.
000 children with the condition in the markets in North america, Europe, Asia and Latin america in which it anticipates selling the drug.
The drug would not be expected to work in adults because they have stopped growing. Women with achondroplasia typically grow to about four feet tall,
The drug is welcomed not universally. Some people with dwarfism say it is not a disease that needs treatment.
but slightly different proteins (immunogens) to train the body to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-a twist on the traditional"booster shot,
where a person is exposed to the same immunogen multiple times. The scientists tested one of these potential proteins,
an immunogen called eod-GT8 60mer, using a technique called B cell sorting. The researchers showed that immunisation with eod-GT8 60mer produced antibody"precursors"with some of the traits necessary to recognize
"Pneumonia can be treated with antibiotics but there are two major problems-it can be difficult to detect
and diagnose and because of that we tend to use potent broad spectrum antibiotics in anyone who shows symptoms of infection,
Understanding the pathways the parasite uses means that future drugs could be designed precisely to kill the parasite but with limited toxicity
with the parasite continually working to find ways to survive our drug treatments. This study opened the door on potential new treatments that could find
The findings also provide strong evidence that certain type-2 diabetic drugs, belonging to a new class known as SGLT2 inhibitors
and Drug Administration and were launched recently in India, could potentially block glucose uptake and reduce tumour growth and increase survival among pancreatic and prostate cancer patients.
They hope that these findings will lead to the potential use of the existing antidiabetic medicines to reduce the viability of pancreatic and prostate cancer cells
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