This random pattern of vision loss is in stark contrast to loss from a brain tumor or stroke,
researchers have recently been able to develop precise treatments for cancer by sequencing tumor genomes
and comparing them to the patientsgenomes to better understand what drives the formation and growth of tumors. owever,
in Alzheimer disease, there is no tumor to biopsy, Bredesen said. o how do we get an idea about
#Researchers Identify Protein That Opens the Door to Cell Death Findings could aid development of novel therapeutics for conditions ranging from heart failure and stroke to cancer and neurodegeneration.
Dr. Madesh also explained that the new findings could aid the development of novel therapeutics for conditions ranging from heart failure and stroke to cancer and neurodegeneration all of
The new study shows that this crosstalk is important not only for launching immune responses against tumors,
but also for regulating the inflammatory responses that may result in autoimmune diseases. his finding could be helpful for developing strategies to target cancer
the immune cells that play dual roles in the development of autoimmune diseases and the destruction of cancers.
scientists may be able to develop ways to better control NKTS to attack tumors. The new study also suggests there may be a way to intervene in the pathway to block inflammation.
either hone the pathway cancer-killing role or reduce its role in inflammation
#Key Morphine Regulator That May Reduce Risk of Pain killer Addiction Identified Once used in the 18th century as currency to reverse the trade imbalance between China and Britain,
#Uncovering Clues About Abnormal Embryo Development with Artificial intelligence Melanoma-like cells in tadpoles may mimic variability in human responses to cancer stimuli.
His brother, leading a similar lifestyle, succumbs to cancer at age 55. Why do some individuals develop certain diseases
and metastasis of melanoma-like cells in tadpoles as well as work applying artificial intelligence to help explain planarian regeneration.
and developed other melanoma-like characteristics, proliferating uncontrollably and invading the frogsinternal organs. Depending on which protein in the bioelectric pathway was tweaked, only a certain percentage of the frogs developed melanoma,
while the rest remained healthy. here randomness to this process. It doesn have the same result in all animals exposed to precisely the same agent,
which may mimic the variability in human responses to cancer-inducing stimuli, said Levin. Furthermore, the tadpoles that did develop melanoma developed it in every pigment cellach frog was either 100 percent metastatic or completely normal.
Essentially said Levin, all pigment cells in a tadpole are part of a single coin, which either flips heads (normal) or tails (cancerous).
proteins of the serotonergic signaling pathway that regulated the melanoma-like cellsbehavior. Then, the team applied artificial intelligence which mimicked evolution to generate a chemical signaling network in a irtual embryothat exhibited the same behavior that the researchers observed in their experiments with real tadpoles.
and targets for tumor prevention and better understanding many other seemingly random decisions made by cells in living organisms.
researchers could use this approach to develop a system to help doctors understand patientsindividual genetic responses to treatments as well as environmental factors that cause cancer.
ENT surgeons commonly use endoscopic approaches to remove brain tumors through the nose by making a window through the blood-brain barrier to access the brain.
#Cancer trap grabs wandering tumour cells to warn of early spread The trouble with cancer is it spreads sometimes even before someone knows they are ill.
Jeruss had noticed how common it was for her patientsfirst symptom to be breathlessness as the cancer had already spread to their lungs.
Gerhardt Attard of the Institute of Cancer Research in London says there is growing interest in personalising cancer treatments by testing cancer cells in the blood. his could be a very powerful way of risk stratifying patients for treatment
Lumps can be a sign of cancer, of course, and stiffness in certain organs can indicate disease.
codenamed Big Mechanism, to read all the scientific papers on certain types of cancer and use that knowledge to identify potential treatments.
And they've already implanted the device into the chest of a 54-year-old cancer patient.
The man lost his sternum and pieces of four ribs when doctors removed a large tumor.
Cancer tissue, for example, is less dense than healthy tissue. The method therefore opens up the prospect of detecting tumors that are less than 1mm in diameter in an early stage of growth before they spread through the body
and exert their lethal effect. For this purpose however, researchers must shorten the wavelength of the X-rays even further
#New uper-Tomatocan Fight Cancer, Heart disease, Diabetes and Alzheimer Scientists said that they have invented a uper-tomatowhich can fight cancer, heart disease, diabetes and Alzheimer.
whereas genistein could help in prevention of some cancers, including breast cancer. The study published in the journal Nature Communications said that the super-tomatoes contain a protein called Atmyb12,
#Glowing Tumor Paint Shows Surgeons Where To Cut Brain surgery is complicated notoriously. Before surgeons go in to remove a tumor,
they study the size and location of the tumor. But once theye in, they have to rely on their fingers
and eyes to distinguish tumor cells from healthy brain cells. Now researchers have developed a"paint"that can be injected into a patient's veins to make tumor cells glow.
After a number of successful studies in mice and dogs, the paint is now being tested in humans in California.
The paint is made from two chemicals. The first is chlorotoxin a protein derived from scorpion venom,
which targets the chloride receptors on the surface of tumor cells. The protein carries a second,
Researchers injected the tumor paint into the patients'veins and it was successfully able to cross the blood-brain barrier,
The first few test subjects had tumors that were deep in the brain so the surgeons had to remove a piece of the tissue before shining a light on it.
The paint may also be used for other types of tumors in the future. Ideally, doctors wouldn be using surgery at all to eliminate tumors--it still a rudetechnique,
as one researcher said. But while surgery is still a standard treatment, tumor paint could help surgeons be much more precise m
#A 3d-Printed, Battery-Powered Rocket engine Nothing demonstrates engineering prowess and technical knowhow quite like rocket science.
It our single biggest health problem, affecting the lives of 100 million adults--more than heart disease, cancer,
#FDA Approves Use Of Engineered Herpes virus To Treat Cancer Yesterday, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that it had approved the drug Imlygic to treat late-stage melanoma on the skin and lymph nodes.
The drug, which relies upon a genetically engineered herpes virus to attack and kill the cancerous cells,
And while malignant cancers often slip by the immune system, the viruspresence ignites the immune response. Combined, these reactions mean that virology can successfully treat even some late-stage cancers that are often resistant to other treatment methods.
Before it was approved, Imlygic was tested in more than 400 patients with metastatic melanoma, which kills about 10,000 people per year in the United states,
which had caused lesions in patientsskin or lymph nodes. When the drug was injected into the cancerous sites over the course of six months,
So far, virology treatments haven worked as well in cancers in tissues deeper in the bodyhe drug has to be injected directly into the tumor site
and to treat several types of cancer are already in clinical trials. Now that the first virology cancer treatment has been approved,
researchers hope that many more are to follow e
#This Flexible Electronic Sticks To Your Skin And Can Measure Your Blood Flow The blood coursing through your arteries
when she saw the side effects of cancer and how the drugs used to kill cancer cells also killed other parts of the body.
Strangely shaped cells often indicate cancer. While this old, simple technique may seem a quaint throwback in the age of high-technology health care tools like genetic sequencing,
and potentially treating human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions and diabetes, which can be driven by mutations in control regions of the genome.
British scientists have used also 3d printing to create personalized replica models of cancerous parts of the body to allow doctors to target tumors more precisely y
#Non-Genetic Cancer Mechanism Found Cancer can be caused solely by protein imbalances within cells, a study of ovarian cancer has found.
The discovery is a major breakthrough because genetic aberrations have been seen as the main cause of almost all cancer.
The research in Oncogene demonstrates that protein imbalance is a powerful prognostic tool, indicating whether or not patients are likely to respond to chemotherapy
and whether a tumor is likely to spread to other sites. The findings also open the possibility of new therapies aimed at measuring
led by scientists at the University of Leeds and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, focused on the"Akt pathway,"a signaling pathway within cells that drives cancer formation and the spread of cancers
A conventional approach to diagnosing this cancer would be to look for genetic modification of the receptor
In this way, an imbalance in the amount of the two proteins can lead to cell proliferation and cancer formation.
whether you have a predisposition to cancer and, ultimately, use a precision medicine-based approach to develop a therapeutic approach.
which cancer can occur. We found that in cells where Grb2 is depleted, FGFR2 was vulnerable to Plc?
and found that Grb2 depletion results in the development of multiple tumors in the vicinity of a primary tumour,
indicating that protein imbalance can have a role in metastasis, the spread of a cancer through the body.
1 was predictive of the progress of ovarian cancers in patients. Measuring the levels of the proteins in patient tissues followed by database analysis of clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas
and other sources revealed that a high level of Grb2 relative to Plc? 1 and FGFR2 was associated with a significantly more favorable prognosis than patients with elevated levels of Plc?
It involved researchers from the University of Leeds, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and the UT Health Science Center at Houston t
which is the second most common cancer and accounts for over one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths.
"The scientists demonstrated that blocking PEPCK in cancer cells could slow tumor growth in mice. Alternative fuels for cancer cells The group also found evidence of increased PEPCK levels in tissues from lung-cancer patients."
"adds Russell Jones, Associate professor of Physiology at Mcgill University's Goodman Cancer Research Centre. The study suggests that nutrient availability in the organism,
and other nutrients, can impact cancer progression.""Our work shows that cancers can use alternative fuel sources to help drive their growth under stressful conditions,"notes Prof.
Jones."This remarkable flexibility is part of what makes cancer so deadly, but offers hope in finding new therapies.""
""Understanding the mechanisms used by cancer cells to adapt to their environment creates new possibilities to treat this deadly disease,
and the metabolic alterations in lung cancer cells will lead to innovations in treatment for non-small cell lung cancer, one of the most deadly types of cancer
Assessing just three features of a common kind of testicular cancer-called non-seminomatous germ cell tumor-can identify those at most at risk of relapse even where there is no evidence of tumor spread.
Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, analyzed 177 tumor samples from patients with stage I non-seminomatous tumors enrolled in clinical trials through the Medical Research Council (MRC
Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR found that three different features of the tumors were important indicators of relapse risk:
the levels of a molecule called CXCL12, the percentage of the tumor with an appearance of cancer stem cells and whether or not blood vessels were present in the tumor.
They scored tumors based on these features, and found that combining scores could divide patients up into three different risk groups based on how likely patients were to suffer a relapse of the disease within two years.
Testicular germ cell tumors are the most common solid malignant tumor in young Caucasian men. Patients diagnosed with early-stage disease face a choice between monitoring with treatment
Professor of Cancer Molecular Pathology at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said, "Our research has led to the development of a test that can detect patients that will benefit from treatment up front
Approaches such as this to minimize chemotherapy are particularly important for cancers like testicular cancer, which affect young adults who could live with the side-effects for decades."
"Professor Robert Huddart, Professor of Urological Cancer at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, and Consultant at The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, said,
"Patients with stage 1 non-seminomatous germ cell tumors have to make a difficult choice of
We now need to test this prognostic index in larger groups of men in the clinic"The work was funded by the MRC with support from the National Cancer Research Institute Testis Cancer Clinical Studies Group,
and is published in Clinical Cancer Research h
#Artificial'skin'Provides Prosthetics With Sensation Using flexible organic circuits and specialized pressure sensors, researchers have created an artificial skin"that can sense the force of static objects.
#Protein Found In Malaria Could Help Stop Cancer Researchers have discovered how a protein from malaria could some day help stop cancer.
Researchers found that the same type of sugar molecule also is present in many types of cancer.
called VAR2CSA, could provide the tool for carrying such drugs to tumors. It's somehow fitting that a disease as destructive as malaria might be exploited to treat another dreaded disease like cancer."
"Based on our clinical data, we helped validate that this could be applied to melanoma and lung cancers,"said Dr. Nhan Tran, an Associate professor in Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN)' s Cancer and Cell biology Division,
and one of the authors of the study.""This specific type of developmental protein--oncofetal chondroitin sulfate--is expressed in the placenta,
and is expressed also in lung cancer and in melanoma.""Malaria uses VAR2CSA to embed itself in the placenta--hiding itself from the immune system--by binding to oncofetal chondroitin sulfate.
In laboratory experiments, researchers found that if they used the malarial protein, VAR2CSA, and attached an anticancer drug to it,
it would bind with the oncofetal protein in the cancer, delivering the drug to the tumor."
"Scientists have spent decades trying to find biochemical similarities between placenta tissue and cancer, but we just didn't have the technology to find it,
"said project leader Mads Daugaard, an assistant professor of urologic science at UBC and a senior research scientist at the Vancouver Prostate Centre, part of the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute."
we immediately saw its potential to deliver cancer drugs in a precise, controlled way to tumors.""
""This is an extraordinary finding that paves the way for targeting sugar molecules in pediatric and adulthood human cancer,
"said Poul Sorensen, a UBC professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and distinguished scientist with the BC Cancer Agency and co-senior investigator on the study y
which have shown promise in treating everything from seizures and inflammation to cancer and parkinson disease.
and even certain cancers. The winners of the fifth annual Google Science Fair were announced live from Google Headquarters in Mountain view
"It's a totally new approach to cancer, and we're working to test it in human patients
it can actually turn leukaemia cells into cancer killers. The antibody in question binds to a receptor called TPO-or thrombopoietin-which is found on most acute myeloid leukaemia cells.
which suggests that it could work as a targeted cancer therapy. And for some reason, the NK cells also didn't seem to attack all cancer types-only their former brethren.
That's both good and bad, as it means they're more specific and are less likely to have side effects.
The team is also screening for antibodies that could have a similar effect on other cancer types.
#Scientists finally figure out the structure of a key cancer-driving enzyme It been a long time coming,
an enzyme complex known to play a crucial role in the development of several types of cancer.
and therefore triggering the development of cancer and disease has been practically impossible. But now, for the first time, Liu and his colleagues have reproduced the 3d atomic structure of PRC2 crystals,
#New electronic sensor can detect ovarian cancer in your breath Your breath says more about you than you might think-not just how inebriated you are or
A new type of sensor that can'sniff out'traces of ovarian cancer in a patient's breath has been developed by researchers in Israel,
We've seen the idea of a breathalyser being used to detect different types of cancer before,
Based on some initial testing, Kahn and her colleagues were able to correctly detect ovarian cancer in 82 percent of cases,
only high-risk patients are tested for ovarian cancer to reduce the chance of false positives, and seeing as most women don get symptoms until the disease is advanced quite,
With further research, Kahn thinks the same technique could be used to test for different types of cancer,
Ovarian cancer currently accounts for around 3 percent of cancers among women and with around 200,000 cases reported in the US each year,
However, it causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system, and so new techniques to battle it would have a significant impact n
However, until now, the procedure has shown to be unsafe, because of the risk of tumors upon transplantation.
the researchers tested for the first time to pre-treat undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells with mitomycin C a drug already prescribed to treat cancer.
These animals also developed intracerebral tumors. In contrast, animals receiving the treated stem cells showed improvement of Parkinson's symptoms
and survived until the end of the observation period of 12 weeks post-transplant with no tumors detected.
by eliminating the risk of tumor formation, "says the leader of the study Stevens Rehen, Professor at UFRJ and researcher at IDOR.
#One dollar blood test using gold nanoparticles outperforms PSA screen for prostate cancer, study suggests The simple test developed by University of Central Florida scientist Qun"Treen"Huo holds the promise of earlier detection of one of the deadliest cancers among men.
It would also reduce the number of unnecessary and invasive biopsies stemming from the less precise PSA test that's now used."
"said Dr. Inoel Rivera, a urologic oncologist at Florida Hospital Cancer Institute, which collaborated with Huo on the recent pilot studies."
"When a cancerous tumor begins to develop, the body mobilizes to produce antibodies. Huo's test detects that immune response using gold nanoparticles about 10,000 times smaller than a freckle.
certain cancer biomarkers cling to the surface of the tiny particles, increasing their size and causing them to clump together.
whether a patient has prostate cancer and how advanced it may be. And although it uses gold,
If we can catch this cancer in its early stages, the impact is going to be big."
"After lung cancer, prostate cancer is the second-leading killer cancer among men, with more than 240,000 new diagnoses and 28,000 deaths every year.
Huo also is researching her technique's effectiveness as a screening tool for other tumors."
"Potentially, we could have a universal screening test for cancer, "she said.""Our vision is to develop an array of blood tests for early detection and diagnosis of all major cancer types,
and these blood tests are all based on the same technique and same procedure.""Huo co-founded Nano Discovery Inc.,a startup company headquartered in a UCF Business Incubator,
"But many diseases, like cancer, cardiovascular disease or neurodegenerative conditions, have a much more complex genetic component.
which would include rapid detection of cancer or monitoring toxins in the water supply,"says Brennan."
#Biologists identify brain tumor weakness The study, led by researchers from the Whitehead Institute and MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, found that a subset of glioblastoma tumor cells is dependent on a particular enzyme that breaks down the amino acid glycine.
Without this enzyme, toxic metabolic byproducts build up inside the tumor cells, and they die. Blocking this enzyme in glioblastoma cells could offer a new way to combat such tumors,
says Dohoon Kim, a postdoc at the Whitehead Institute and lead author of the study,
which appears in the April 8 online edition of Nature. David Sabatini a professor of biology at MIT and member of the Whitehead Institute, is the paper's senior author.
the most common and most aggressive type of brain tumor found in humans. The researchers found that GLDC,
These regions are often found at the center of tumors, which are inaccessible to blood vessels.
which makes them better suited to survive in the ischemic tumor microenvironment, "Kim says. However, this highly active SHMT2 also produces a glut of glycine,
#Study on new treatment for prostate cancer Published in The british Journal of Cancer (BJC), the study is the first time low temperature plasmas (LTPS) have been applied on cells grown directly from patient tissue samples.
It is the result of a unique collaboration between the York Plasma Institute in the Department of physics and the Cancer Research Unit (CRU) in York Department of biology.
and prostate cancer tissue cells from a single patient, the study allowed for direct comparison of the effectiveness of the treatment.
Scientists discovered that LTPS may be a potential option for treatment of patients with organ confined prostate cancer
espite continual improvement and refinement, long term treatment for prostate cancer is recognised still as inadequate. In the case of early stage organ confined tumours, patients may be treated with a focal therapy, for example cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy,
This may be due to the inherent radio-resistance of a small fraction of the tumour the cancer stem-like cells.
we have presented the first experimental evidence promoting the potential of LTP as a future focal cancer therapy treatment for patients with early stage prostate cancer.
LTP could be used to treat cancer patients within 10-15 years 1
#Researchers deliver large particles into cells at high speed The researchers created a highly efficient automated tool that delivers nanoparticles, enzymes, antibodies, bacteria and other"large-sized"cargo into mammalian cells at the rate
#Breakthrough finds molecules that block previously'undruggable'protein tied to cancer The findings, which could lead to a new class of cancer drugs,
thus blocking Hur function as a tumor-promoting protein, "said Liang Xu, associate professor of molecular biosciences and corresponding author of the paper.
The results hold promise for treating a broad array of cancers in people. The researcher said Hur has been detected at high levels in almost every type of cancer tested,
including cancers of the colon, prostate, breast, brain, ovaries, pancreas and lung.""Hur inhibitors may be useful for many types of cancer,
"Xu said.""Since Hur is involved in many stem cell pathways, we expect Hur inhibitors will be active in inhibiting'cancer stem cells,
'or the seeds of cancer, which have been a current focus in the cancer drug discovery field."
"Hur has been studied for many years, but until now no direct Hur inhibitors have been discovered, according to Xu.""The initial compounds reported in this paper can be optimized further
and developed as a whole new class of cancer therapy, especially for cancer stem cells, "he said."
"The success of our study provides a first proof-of-principle that Hur is druggable,
"A cancer-causing gene, or oncogene, makes RNA, which then makes an oncoprotein that causes cancer
or makes cancer cells hard to kill, or both,"Xu said.""This is the problem we're trying to overcome with precision medicine."
not a well-defined pocket seen in other druggable proteins targeted by many current cancer therapies."
and involved the collaboration of chemists, cancer biologists, computer modeling experts, biochemists and biophysicists at KU--notably the labs of Xu, Jeffrey Aub in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Jon Tunge in the Department of chemistry.
For Xu, the findings are reflective of a personal commitment to improving odds for people diagnosed with cancer
"Trained as medical doctor and Ph d.,with both a grandfather and an uncle who died of cancer,
I devoted my career to cancer research and drug discovery--aiming to translate discovery in the lab into clinical therapy,
to help cancer patients and their families, "he said.""We hope to find a better therapy--and eventually a cure--for cancer
#Study revises theory of how PTEN, a critical tumor suppressor, shuts off growth signals Today,
scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) publish new evidence explaining precisely how the protein encoded by PTEN (called PTEN) works--specifically,
and could help scientists design more effective drugs to counteract cancer's hallmark trait, uncontrolled cellular growth."
"A whole generation of cancer investigators, including me, has been taught that PTEN performs its crucial role at the plasma membrane,
And in view of PTEN's critical role as a tumor suppressor, it's also important that the process we uncovered is controlled a one,
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