Olivine

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Synopsis: Mining: Minerals: Olivine:

and mantle. f you do the impact scaling from models (the SPA impact) should have excavated into the mantlemoriarty says. e think the upper mantle is rich in a mineral called olivine

but we don't see much olivine in the basin. hat'#one of the big mysteries about the South pole Aitken basin.

and it doesn'##t contain olivine that would have substantial implications for models of how the Moon was formed Moriarty says.

-triggered brittle failures during the olivine-spinel (mineral) phase transformation has many similar features to deep earthquakes. ang

when a mineral common in the upper mantle olivine undergoes a transformation that weakens the whole rock temporarily causing it to fail. ur current goal is to understand why

or flow rather than by the kind of brittle fracturing we see at smaller depthsgreen explains. oreover at depths of more than 400 kilometers the mineral olivine is no longer stable

and undergoes a transformation resulting in spinel a mineral of higher density. he research team focused on the role that phase transformations of olivine might play in triggering deep earthquakes.

They performed laboratory deformation experiments on olivine at high pressure and found the arthquakesonly within a narrow temperature range that simulates conditions where the real earthquakes occur in Earth. sing synchrotron X-rays to aid our observations we found that fractures nucleate at the onset of the olivine to spinel transitiongreen says. urther these fractures propagate dynamically

so that intense acoustic emissions are generated. These phase transitions in olivine we argue in our research paper provide an attractive mechanism for how very deep earthquakes take place. ang says researchers next goal is to study the material silicate olivine which requires much higher pressures.

The Institut National des Sciences de l Univers and L Agence Nationale de la Recherche and the National Science Foundation funded the work.

Magnesium is found as olivine in asteroids, but Neumann has achieved promising results with titanium, aluminium and other widely used metals.

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