Airway

Air travel (5)
Aircraft carrier (11)
Aircrew (151)
Airline (67)
Airline company (78)
Airport (98)
Airshow (6)
Airway (87)
Aviation (70)
Commercial aircraft (9)
Commercial airplane (7)
Helicopter (68)

Synopsis: Transport: Air transport: Airway:

A smattering of papers over the following few years reported sweet taste receptors in the bladder and the gut, bitter taste receptors in the sinuses, airways, pancreas and brain,

Yehuda Ben-Shahar, now a professor at Washington University in St louis, found cells in the human airway equipped with bitter receptors.

whether those in the airway might be protecting us in a similar way. He and his collaborators found that

"I'm willing to bet that these bitter receptors were on the airway before they migrated to the tongue,

Lead researcher Kaye Morgan from Monash University says the imaging method allows doctors to look at soft tissue structures for example the brain airways

However the new imaging method allows us for the first time to non-invasively see how the treatment is working live on the airway surface.

compared to other respiratory viruses, for causing obstruction and inflammation in the narrowest airways of the infant lung,

associate professor of microbiology and immunology. ut what wee now shown is that RSV has increased an ability to cause airway obstruction because, during an RSV infection,

or NS2, in epithelial cells, causing the cells to shed from the airway lining and into the airway lumen.

This leads to obstruction of airflow in the small airways and overwhelming inflammation. Published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, the study shows it this NS2 protein

and parainfluenza virus (PIV3) nother common virus in children that causes much less severe airway diseaseo infect

which compose the lining of the lung airway. ut comparing these consequences of infection did not provide hints as to why RSV and PIV3 produced such differences in disease severity.

and puffed out of the airway epithelium, causing the infected cells to accumulate in the lumen of the airway. e hypothesized that

since RSV and PIV3 are very similar viruses these different effects must be due to differences in the types of genes that RSV expresses,

the researchers found that a specific RSV genehe NS2 geneas responsible for the balling up of RSV-infected airway cells.

When Liesman infected human airway cells in the lab with this re-engineered virus, she saw infected cells ball up

and puff out of the airway epithelium. he cells infected by PIV3 expressing the NS2 gene of RSV looked exactly like RSV-infected cells,

They found that infection of the narrowest airways of the lung by PIV3 alone caused moderate levels of inflammation,

the epithelial cells lining the narrow airways were shed rapidly into the airway lumen. The shedding occurred at such a great rate that the shed cells obstructed the airway lumen,

resulting and caused excessive inflammation. The findings in animal models were almost identical to what has been found in human infants who had died because of RSV infection.

convinced that the RSV NS2 gene is a major driver for the well-recognized increased ability of RSV to cause lung disease, especially in the extremely narrow small airways of human infants.

if the epithelial cells in the tiniest airways are expressing the RSV NS2 protein. He is now initiating studies to look for the same biomarkers in human infants infected with RSV f we can find biomarkers informing us that the most vulnerable parts of the lung have already been infected by RSV,

it may be possible to suppress the ability of NS2 to shed the airway epithelial cells. Thwarting this shedding effect wouldn stop infection or stifle the typical symptoms of RSV infection

but it might limit the virus ability to spread into the tiniest airways, which are the most likely to be obstructed by cells shed during infection.

Suppressing the effects of the RSV NS2 protein may also allow our immune system more time to deal with the RSV infection before the small airways become clogged with cells shedding from the lining of the airway,

Lead researcher Kaye Morgan from Monash University says the imaging method allows doctors to look at soft tissue structures for example the brain airways

However the new imaging method allows us for the first time to non-invasively see how the treatment is working live on the airway surface.

when tubes were placed in patients'airways for mechanical ventilation, a procedure that can cause the virus to become aerosolized.

and thereby prevent life-shortening permanent damage to their already vulnerable airways. Thanks to a nearly $1. 3 million grant from the National Science Foundation

airways and collapsed lungs. Now a new ARA software program funded in part by the Army intends to significantly advance that training via a downloadable hysiology enginethat allows medical personnel see how their actions affect every other aspect of their patient physiology.

the cells that line the airways in the lungs are shaped unusually and cramble around like there a fire drill going on.

Until now, scientists thought that epithelial cells which line not only the lung airways but major cavities of the body and most organs just sat there motionless,

The physics of biologythe researchers decided to look at the detailed shape and movement of cells from the asthmatic airway because, according to Fredberg,

the researchers placed layers of epithelial cells from either normal airways or asthmatic airways on a soft gel surface that simulated the degree of stiffness of the lung.

Next stepsnow that it known that epithelial cells in asthmatic airways are shaped oddly and not jammed,

njamming and cell shape in the asthmatic airway epithelium, Nature Materials (2015; doi: 10.1038/nmat4357source:

that covers conducting airways of lung-tissue. The mucus barrierhich serves as a protector from foreign materials

because they possessed a positive charge that caused them to be tickyand adhere to the negatively charged mucus covering the airways.

this is the first biodegradable gene delivery system that efficiently penetrates the human airway mucus barrier of lung tissue,

#3-D printed fetal head helps manage care for baby with life-threatening airway mass Megan Thompson was about 30 weeks pregnant

whether the mass would block Conan's airway after birth. The 3-D printed model of the fetus allowed us to actually see in person what it looked like

"This is the first case we are aware of that 3-D printing has helped show how severe an airway risk in a fetus was

so that a surgeon can establish an airway to allow the baby to breathe. Instead, Conan was born via a scheduled C-section."

The 3d printed airway splint, shown here in diagrams of how the device was placed into the patients'lungs.

Pin It The airway splint was designed digitally to fit each of the patients. The three infant boys who were implanted with the new device all had the same life-threatening condition a severe form of a disease called tracheobronchomalacia,

Sixteen-month-old Garrett Peterson's airways"were floppy, with the consistency of a wet noodle,

or holding him could cause Garrett's airways to collapse. This happened repeatedly for months."

"The researchers used CT SCANS of the infants to develop 3d-printed airway splints whose length, diameter,

to help keep the infants'weakened airways open. An image made from a CT SCAN of one of the patients.

Pin It Images from a patient CT SCAN were used to generate a 3d model of the patient airway."

the devices kept surrounding tissue from pushing in and sealing the airways shut. The devicessplints are made of a material called, polycaprolactone,

The airway splints were hollow and porous, designed to spread open as the children grew.

The researchers followed the growth of the airways over time with CT and MRI scans.

and expanded to allow the airways to grow in all three patients. All the devices are dissolving as expected

their airways usually grow strong enough to overcome the disorder, and their windpipes eventually will have no signs of the disease that nearly killed them as newborns.

The researchers say the airway splints will dissolve slowly enough to help the infants reach this point.

"He's so happy there's no hint of an issue with his airway splint. He's starting to learn to sit up on his own."

The team used mouse models of asthma and human airway tissue from asthmatic and non-asthmatic people to reach their findings.

These symptoms include airway narrowing, airway twitchiness and inflammation all of which contribute to increased breathing difficulty. ur findings are said incredibly exciting

from the School of Biosciences. or the first time we have found a link airways inflammation,

cigarette smoke and car fumes and airways twitchiness in allergic asthma. ur paper shows how these triggers release chemicals that activate Casr in airway tissue

and drive asthma symptoms like airway twitchiness, inflammation, and narrowing. Using calcilytics, nebulized directly into the lungs,

the identification of Casr in airway tissue means that the potential for treatment of other inflammatory lung diseases beyond asthma is immense.

Researchers may have discovered first gene delivery system that efficiently penetrates the hard-to-breach human airway mucus barrier of lung tissue.

and Federal University of Rio de janeiro in Brazil have designed a DNA-loaded nanoparticle that can pass through the mucus barrier covering conducting airways of lung tissue proving the concept,

asthma and other life-threatening lung diseases. o our knowledge, this is the first biodegradable gene delivery system that efficiently penetrates the human airway mucus barrier of lung tissue,

inhaled matter is trapped typically in airway mucus and subsequently swept away from the lungs via beating activities of cilia,

His team experiments with human airway mucus and small animals, Suk adds, were designed as a proof-of-concept study demonstrating that placing corrective

but it also makes the airway mucus harder to overcome by inhaled therapeutic nanoparticles. Most of the existing drugs for CF help clear infections but do not solve the disease underlying problems.

in this case the mucus covering the lung airways. In other words, conventional nanoparticles are too sticky to avoid unwanted off-target interactions during their journey toward the target cells.

rendering them too large to penetrate the mesh of airway mucus. For its design, the team developed a simple method to densely coat the nanoparticles with a nonsticky polymer called PEG,

and are capable of rapidly penetrating human airway mucus freshly collected from patients visiting the Johns Hopkins Adult Cystic fibrosis Program directed by Michael Boyle,

which cells cause the airways to narrow when exposed to irritants like pollution. Experiments showed that calcium-sensing receptor cells

which detect changes in the environment become overstimulated in asthmatics, causing airway twitching and inflammation.

The airways then restrict in an attempt to keep the armfulsubstances from entering the lungs leading to the body facing constricted airways and

and human airway tissue taken from both asthmatic and non-asthmatic people, the researchers discovered that increased numbers of calcium-sensing receptors usually accompanied healthier lung tissue,

as compared to the airway tissue without calcium-sensing receptors. Based on the study, the researchers concluded that this is one of the main reasons for the excessive inflammatory responses that occur in people with asthma.

and tissue engineering to grow new cartilage for airway construction might be possible in ten to 20 years.

and permutations you might need to reconstruct an airway in a child. When speaking about his work with 3d printing and this research Mr. Goldstein notes It's completely changed the trajectory of my academic career.

and narrowing of the airways, resulting in wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, coughing and other symptoms.

< Back - Next >

Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011