special fibers could also be developed with nanostructures to conduct and store energy. More immediate applications could be seen in the design
#Atomic force microscope systems take a tip from nanowires (Phys. org) In response to requests from the semiconductor industry a team of PML researchers has demonstrated that atomic force microscope (AFM) probe
tips made from its near-perfect gallium nitride nanowires are superior in many respects to standard silicon
In addition the scientists have invented a means of simultaneously using the nanowire tips as LEDS to illuminate a tiny sample region with optical radiation
That technique called near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) had never before been attempted using a nanowire probe.
But as the team showed in a recent paper in Applied Physics Letters nanowire probe tips substantially outperformed commercial Pt tips in both resolution and durability.
and Synthesis of 3d Nanostructures in the Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division is that if you deform them even a little bit
By contrast our nanowire probe tips have a calibration lifetime about 10 times longer than any commercial tip.
The nanowire however retained its original dimensions. Moreover the Gan tips exhibited improved sensitivity and reduced uncertainty compared to a commercial Pt tip.
and negative charge carriers inside a nanostructure#information of great practical significance to microdevice fabricators#and scientists from PML's Electromagnetics Division have made notable progress in the technique.
They believe that the use of nanowire probes in conjunction with the recent arrival of a brand-new custom-built four-probe NSMM instrument will reveal new aspects of nanostructure composition and performance.
Deploying a nanowire as a probe tip sounds deceptively simple. The researchers obtain a conventional AFM cantilever
Then using a minuscule manipulator they break off a single nanowire from a forest of them grown by molecular beam epitaxy insert the wire into the hole and weld it in place.
The researchers tested their tip against a silicon tip a platinum tip and an uncoated Gan nanowire each
The coated nanowire proved about twice as sensitive as the Pt probe and four times as sensitive as the others with superior mechanical performance.
Using the nanowire tip as a light source by doping it so that it functions as an LED.
Reaching that goal will require more research into how to dope the Gan nanowires so as to increase efficiency of light output
But we really weren't able to test nanowires as probe tips until a few months ago
High-resolution microscopy technique resolves individual carbon nanotubes under ambient condition c
#DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY places enzyme catalysis within an arm's length Using molecules of DNA like an architectural scaffold, Arizona State university scientists,
"An even loftier and more valuable goal is to engineer highly programmed cascading enzyme pathways on DNA NANOSTRUCTURE platforms with control of input and output sequences.
but Pint and Westover are confident that the rules that govern the load-bearing character of their design will carry over to other materials, such as carbon nanotubes and lightweight porous metals like aluminum.
The researchers also used tiny gold structures, known as plasmonic nanostructures, to focus the beams of light.
Just as a glass lens can be used to focus sunlight to a certain spot, these plasmonic nanostructures concentrate incoming light into hotspots on their surface,
"By using nanostructures, lasers and this unique twisting property of light, we could selectively destroy the unwanted form of the molecule,
The team created silicon dioxide (Sio2) nanotube anodes for lithium-ion batteries and found they had over three times as much energy storage capacity as the carbon-based anodes currently being used.
The paper,"Stable Cycling of Sio2 Nanotubes as High-performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries,"was published online in the journal Nature Scientific Reports.
but the ability to synthesize the material into highly uniform exotic nanostructures with high energy density
There key finding was that the silicon dioxide nanotubes are extremely stable in batteries, which is important
Specifically, Sio2 nanotube anodes were cycled 100 times without any loss in energy storage capability and the authors are highly confident that they could be cycled hundreds more times.
The researchers are focused now on developed methods to scale up production of the Sio2 nanotubes in hopes they could become a commercially viable product t
Nanosponge decoy fights superbug infections More information: Paper: Bio-inspired detoxification using 3d-printed hydrogel nanocomposites www. nature. com/ncomms/2014/140full/ncomms4774. htm h
#Flexible supercapacitor raises bar for volumetric energy density Scientists have taken a large step toward making a fiber-like energy storage device that can be woven into clothing
This one packs an interconnected network of graphene and carbon nanotubes so tightly that it stores energy comparable to some thin-film lithium batteriesn area where batteries have held traditionally a large advantage.
A solution containing acid-oxidized single-wall nanotubes graphene oxide and ethylenediamine which promotes synthesis and dopes graphene with nitrogen is pumped through a flexible narrow reinforced tube called a capillary column and heated in an oven for six hours.
Sheets of graphene one to a few atoms thick and aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes self-assemble into an interconnected prorous network that run the length of the fiber.
High-performance low-cost ultracapacitors built with graphene and carbon nanotubes More information: Paper: Scalable synthesis of hierarchically structured carbon nanotuberaphene fibres for capacitive energy storage dx. doi. org/10.1038/nnano. 2014.9 n
and hyper-stretchable elastic-composite generator (SEG) using very long silver nanowire-based stretchable electrodes. Their stretchable piezoelectric generator can harvest mechanical energy to produce high power output (4 V) with large elasticity (250%)and excellent durability (over 104 cycles.
Instead, silicon nanopillars are arranged precisely into a honeycomb pattern to create a etasurfacethat can control the paths and properties of passing light waves.
#Pillared Graphene structures Gain Strength, Toughness and Ductility In a newly published study, scientists from Rice university reveal that putting nanotube pillars between sheets of graphene could create hybrid structures with a unique balance of strength, toughness
Carbon nanomaterials are common now as flat sheets, nanotubes and spheres, and theye being eyed for use as building blocks in hybrid structures with unique properties for electronics,
particularly between carbon nanotubes and graphene, would affect the final hybrid properties in all directions. They found that introducing junctions would add extra flexibility
Carbon nanotubes are rolled-up arrays of perfect hexagons of atoms; graphene is a rolled out sheet of the same.
the way the atoms are arranged can influence all those properties. ome labs are actively trying to make these materials or measure properties like the strength of single nanotubes and graphene sheets,
and quantitatively predict the properties of hybrid versions of graphene and nanotubes. These hybrid structures impart new properties
and functionality that are absent in their parent structures graphene and nanotubes. To that end the lab assembled three-dimensional computer models of illared graphene nanostructures, akin to the boron nitride structures modeled in a previous study to analyze heat transfer between layers. his time we were interested in a comprehensive understanding of the elastic and inelastic properties
of 3-D carbon materials to test their mechanical strength and deformation mechanisms, Shahsavari said. e compared our 3-D hybrid structures with the properties of 2-D stacked graphene sheets and 1-D carbon nanotubes.
Layered sheets of graphene keep their properties in-plane, but exhibit little stiffness or thermal conductance from sheet to sheet,
The latter allows pillared graphene to exhibit remarkable toughness along out-of-plane directions, a feature that is not possible in 2-D stacked graphene sheets or 1-D carbon nanotubes,
Turning the nanotubes in a way that forced wrinkles in the graphene sheets added further flexibility and shear compliance,
director of Berkeley Lab Materials sciences Division and a world authority on metamaterials artificial nanostructures engineered with electromagnetic properties not found in nature. ur ultra-thin cloak now looks like a coat.
director of Berkeley Lab Materials sciences Division and a world authority on metamaterials artificial nanostructures engineered with electromagnetic properties not found in nature. ur ultra-thin cloak now looks like a coat.
one that includes carbon nanotubes. Now Fraunhofer has accomplished both feats, and with the most basic device imaginable:
The idea is to mix nanotubes into a fluid to create a slurry, lay down a film just a few micrometers thick on a suitable substrate,
The heat-generating resistance comes mainly from the passage of current through gaps between the nanotubes.
when you combine some biomimicry, metamaterials and nanowires? It turns out to be integrated the first circularly polarized light detector on a silicon chip.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have used silver nanowires to fabricate a metamaterial that is capable of detecting polarized light in a way not unlike the way cuttlefish, bees,
the researchers fabricated the portable CPL sensors by laying down nanowires in a zigzag pattern over a thin sheet of acrylic affixed to a thick silver plate.
This material is affixed to the bottom of a silicon wafer with the nanowire side up.
The nanowires create a sea of electrons that produces lasmondensity waves, the oscillations in the density of electrons that are generated
The researchers found that they could make the zigzag pattern of nanowires with a right-or left-handed orientation.
When they arranged the nanowires in right-handed pattern, the surface absorbed right circularly polarized light
And when they arranged the nanowires to have both left-and right-handed patterns, the sensor could discern between left
Until now, the only experimental TFET to meet the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) goal of average subthreshold swing below 60 millivolts per decade over four decades of current was a transistor that used nanowires.
Screen Shot 2015-05-04 at 7. 29.15 AM To create the nanofiber thin membrane that could be produced at scale,
the primary component of natural gas, using a combination of semiconducting nanowires and bacteria. The research builds on a similar hybrid system that yielded butanol, a component in gasoline,
"The Calverton, New york-based Graphene 3d Lab is already well-known for the development of proprietary graphene-based nanocomposite materials for 3d printing,
3d Bioprinted Carbon nanotubes Used to Stimulate Bone Regrowth How do you 3d print bone? A couple of years ago,
if you add carbon nanotubes to the mix to create a 3d electrical network within the bone tissue,
and scaffolds with the required shapes and sizes. he carbon nanotubes (or CNT) were added to the bioprintable material mixture to create a hree-dimensional electrical conducting network all through the volume of the scaffold,
CNTS are basically one-atom-thick graphene sheets rolled up onto themselves in order to form very long filaments with diameters of only a few nanometers. n this sense,
by adding conducting CNTS into the bioprinted polymer and mineral prosthetic bone implant, you can stimulate the regrowth of the actual bone cells.
Perhaps one of the most curious aspects is that bioprinting CNTS created no additional difficulties,
the addition of the CNTS was performed and reaching a proper dispersion took a bit of stirring time. ercedes
#Tiny'Nanoneedles'Prompt Parts of the Body to Generate New Blood vessels The researchers, from Imperial College London and Houston Methodist Research Institute in the USA, hope their nanoneedle technique could ultimately help damaged organs
and nerves to repair themselves and help transplanted organs to thrive. The nanoneedles work by delivering nucleic acids to a specific area.
Nucleic acids are the building blocks of all living organisms and they encode, transmit and express genetic information.
The nanoneedles are tiny porous structures that act as a sponge to load significantly more nucleic acids than solid structures.
The nanoneedles are made from biodegradable silicon, meaning that they can be left in the body without leaving a toxic residue behind.
and sirna into human cells in the lab, using the nanoneedles. They also showed they could deliver nucleic acids into the back muscles in mice.
using nanoneedles, to provide transplanted organs or future artificial organ implants with the necessary connections to the rest of the body,
but we are pleased that the nanoneedles have been successful in this trial in mice. There are a number of hurdles to overcome
and we haven't yet trialled the nanoneedles in humans, but we think they have enormous potential for helping the body to repair itself."
"The researchers are now aiming to develop a material like a flexible bandage that can incorporate the nanoneedles.
Alternatively, we may see surgeons first applying the nanoneedle bandages inside the affected region to promote the healthy integration of these new organs and implants in the body.
#Breakthrough, Low-cost Method to Build DNA NANOTUBES Block By Block Researchers at Mcgill University have developed a new,
low-cost method to build DNA NANOTUBES block by block a breakthrough that could help pave the way for scaffolds made from DNA strands to be used in applications such as optical and electronic devices or smart drug-delivery systems.
have constructed previously nanotubes using a method that relies on spontaneous assembly of DNA in solution.
we can now build long nanotubes block by block, said Amani Hariri, a Phd student in Mcgill Department of chemistry and lead author of the study. y using a fluorescence microscope we can further visualize the formation of the tubes at each stage of assembly,
The custom-built assembly technique developed through this collaboration ives us the ability to monitor the nanotubes as wee building them,
The resulting esigner nanotubes she adds, promise to be far cheaper to produce on a large scale than those created with so-called DNA origami,
Nanocomposite Technology, Interface Materials, and Bio Interfaces. Source: http://www. inm-gmbh. de e
#Cerium-Based Material Made into Nanometer-Sized Particles to Produce Key Ingredient for Nylon Production The Critical Materials Institute,
Tungstenglass is based a borosilicate glass that is infused with tungsten and carbon nanotubes. The composition enhances the protective qualities of the glass by providing improved resistance to impact and scratching,
while because of the electrical properties of the Tungsten and Carbon nanotubes the electrical conductivity is improved making for a more sensitive surface for Human fingers."
The University of Manchester in Manchester, UK has performed 3d in situ imaging of crack growth using Xradia Ultra Load Stage in nanoindentation mode to understand how cracks grow in dentin, the nanocomposite that forms the bulk of teeth.
and quantifying 3d nanostructures under load. This is a completely unique capability that offers new opportunities to connect small scale evolution processes with those observed in micron scale XRM and bulk material testing."
#Innovative Fabrication Technique for Hybrid Nanostructure Supercapacitor Electrode Offsetting this promise is the fact that,
Now two researchers from the S n. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, India, have developed a novel supercapacitor electrode based on a hybrid nanostructure made from a hybrid nickel oxide-iron oxide
from AIP Publishing, the researchers report the fabrication technique of the hybrid nanostructure electrode. They also demonstrate its superior performance compared to existing, non-hybrid supercapacitor electrodes.
National Centre for Basic Sciences, mixed nickel oxide and iron oxide as a hybrid material and fabricated the novel core/shell nanostructure electrode."
In Singh's experiment, the core/shell hybrid nanostructure was fabricated through a two-step method. Using a standard electro-deposition technique,
the researchers grew arrays of iron-nickel nanowires inside the pores of anodized alumina oxide templates,
then dissolved the templates to obtain the bare hybrid nanowires. After that, the researchers exposed the nanowires in an oxygen environment at high temperature (450 degreescelsius) for a short time,
eventually developing a highly porous iron oxide-nickel oxide hybrid shell around the iron-nickel core."
"The advantage of this core/shell hybrid nanostructure is that the highly porous shell nanolayer provides a very large surface area for redox reactions
and iron/iron oxide core/shell nanostructure electrodes, the hybrid material electrode demonstrated higher capacitance,
"The remarkable electrochemical performances and material properties suggest that the iron oxide-nickel oxide hybrid core/shell nanostructure could be a reliable and promising candidate for fabricating the next generation lightweight, low-cost
The company has taken renewable plant oils and added Tungsten and Carbon nanotubes to the oil blend.
The Organic Bio-Based Motor oil patent describes the assembly process for blending Nanotubes and various highly viscous all natural plant oils to form Nanosave N1-Organic.
which measures the interaction of photons with an activated surface using nanostructures in order to do chemical and biological sensing.
Passian This unique microscope will enable users to analyze samples ranging from engineered nanostructures and nanoparticles to naturally occurring plant cells, biological polymers and tissues.
The cell wall of a plant is layered a nanostructure made up of biopolymers such as cellulose. Researchers are looking to convert these biopolymers to free the functional sugars and discharge energy.
Can nanofiber save your life? Researchers in professor Margaret Frey lab create fibers hundreds of times thinner than a human hair that can capture toxic chemicals and pathogens.
Frey and her colleagues are replacing that cost by making the devices with nanofibers from plastics,
Using nanofibers, processes done in a medical testing lab for example, purifying samples, mixing ingredients, capturing bacteria can be done with material about the size of a deck of cards.
Frey and her students have encapsulated pesticides into biodegradable nanofibers. This keeps them intact until needed
these nanofibers just might save a life, she said o
#Scientists Map 3d Atomic Structure of Brain Signaling Scientists have revealed never-before-seen details of how our brain sends rapid-fire messages between its cells.
#Researchers Apply Nanopore Gene Sequencing to Proteins University of Pennsylvania researchers have made strides toward a new method of gene sequencing a strand of DNA bases are read as they are threaded through a nanoscopic hole.
The Penn team technique stems from Drndic work on nanopore gene sequencing, which aims to distinguish the bases in a strand of DNA by the different percent of the aperture they each block as they pass through a nanoscopic pore.
Using the Drndic group silicon nitride nanopores which can be drilled to custom diameters, the research team set out to test their technique on GCN4-p1,
#Inner Space of Carbon nanotubes Could act as a Template for Synthesis of Linear-Chain Nanodiamonds The inner space of carbon nanotubes can act as a template for the synthesis of nanodiamond-like carbon chains.
Nanosized materials such as nanowires offer unique properties that are completely distinct from those of the bulk materials.
However, one-dimensional nanostructures are difficult to synthesize. In an international cooperation Hisanori Shinohara from Nagoya University in Japan and his colleagues have developed a method that uses carbon nanotubes as a reaction vessel for the templated polymerization of linear-chain nanomaterials.
The idea was that during polymerization, the small precursor molecules would naturally adopt the one-dimensional structure of the tubes
and with each other inside the carbon nanotubes, "the authors write. And:""Depending on the inner diameter of the carbon nanotubes,
the inserted species can either be transformed into the linear-chain polymers or into amorphous carbon."
the formed carbon nanotubes filled with the nanodiamondoid polymer look like macaroni filled with spaghetti. In order to extract the inner polymer,
the primary component of natural gas, using a combination of semiconducting nanowires and bacteria. The research, detailed in the online edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in August, builds on a similar hybrid system, also recently devised by Yang and his colleagues,
and thus create vapor nanobubbles, Zharov said. Fast expansion and collapse of these nanobubbles significantly increases the sound10-50 fold
and mechanically kills CTCS so that it requires just a few laser pulses or even a single pulse without harmful effects on normal cells.
and then eradicate the CTCS by well-timed therapy including nanobubble-based treatment. A similar approach can be used to monitor the effectiveness of the different types of treatment for cancer by counting the CTCS before, during and after therapy.
Zharov team has demonstrated already that laser-induced nanobubbles significantly decrease the level of CTCS, leading to a decrease in the chances of cancer spreading to other organs. urther study could determine
#Physicists Induce Stable Ferroelectricity in Strontium Titanate Nanosheets A team of physicists has defied conventional wisdom by inducing stable ferroelectricity in a sheet of strontium titanate only a few nanometers thick.
#Nanopore Method Improves Accuracy of DNA Sequencing EPFL scientists have developed a method that improves the accuracy of DNA sequencing up to a thousand times.
which uses nanopores to read individual nucleotides, paves the way for better-and cheaper-DNA sequencing.
However,"nanopore sequencing"is prone to high inaccuracy because DNA usually passes through very fast. EPFL scientists have discovered now a viscous liquid that slows down the process up to a thousand times,
In nanopore sequencing, DNA passes through a tiny pore in a membrane, much like a thread goes through a needle.
The team then created a nanopore on membrane, almost 3 nm wide. The next step was to dissolve DNA in a thick liquid that contained charged ions and
Finally, the team tested their system by passing known nucleotides, dissolved in the liquid, through the nanopore multiple times.
which is promising for sequencing with solid-state nanopores, "says Jiandong Feng. The scientists also predict that using high-end electronics
By combining ionic liquids with nanopores on molybdenum disulfide thin films, they hope to create a cheaper DNA sequencing platform with a better output.
-and nanopore technology can deliver
#Researchers Develop Stretchable, Transparent Conductor with Gold Nanomesh Researchers have discovered a new stretchable, transparent conductor that can be folded
or stretched and released, resulting in a large curvature or a significant strain, at least 10,000 times without showing signs of fatigue.
The work, published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, pairs gold nanomesh with a stretchable substrate made with polydimethylsiloxane
The substrate is stretched before the gold nanomesh is placed on it-a process known as"prestretching "-and the material showed no sign of fatigue
The gold nanomesh also proved conducive to cell growth, indicating it is a good material for implantable medical devices.
"We weaken the constraint of the substrate by making the interface between the Au (gold) nanomesh and PDMS slippery,
and expect the Au nanomesh to achieve superstretchability and high fatigue resistance, "they wrote in the paper."
"the Au nanomesh does not exhibit strain fatigue when it is stretched to 50 percent for 10,000 cycles."
that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
or organ surfaces, suggest the nanomesh"might be implanted in the body as a pacemaker electrode,
using gold nanomesh, in a paper published in Nature Communications in January 2014. This work expands on that,
#New Nanosheet-Based Photonic crystal Changes Color in Response to Moisture LMU chemists have developed a photonic crystal from ultrathin nanosheets
which are extremely sensitive to moisture. hese photonic nanostructures change color in response to variations in local humidity.
It is this extreme sensitivity to local moisture that makes the nanostructure so interesting for use in ouchlessscreens. ontactless control is a particularly attractive option for next-generation positioning interfaces such as ticket machines or cash dispensers,
Unparalleled sensitivity and response time Photonic crystals are arranged periodically nanostructures which have the ability to reflect, guide and confine light.
Lotsch and her team have developed now photonic crystals based on nanosheets of phosphatoantimonic acid. The new nanomaterial is extremely moisture sensitive and at the same time chemically stable,
transparent and easy to fabricate into nanosheets. In comparison with other vapor sensors based on nanosheets, the new photonic architecture displays markedly increased response times, higher sensitivity and long-term stability. his unique combination of properties enables it to track
and color-code finger movements in real time, says Pirmin Ganter, who also works in Bettina Lotsch group.
which can be used to channel molecules into specific positions to create new nanostructures and materials.
resulting in amphiphilic building blocks in the form of a permanent nanostructure. The research is an example of how liquid crystal research is taking us from the nano to macro world,
#Self-Assembled DNA NANOSTRUCTURES Could Be used as Smart Drug-Delivery Vehicles Researchers from Aalto University have published an article in the recent Trends in Biotechnology journal.
The article discusses how DNA molecules can be assembled into tailored and complex nanostructures, and further, how these structures can find uses in therapeutics and bionanotechnological applications.
In the review article, the researchers outline the superior properties of DNA NANOSTRUCTURES, and how these features enable the development of efficient biological DNA-nanomachines.
Moreover, these DNA NANOSTRUCTURES provide new applications in molecular medicine, such as novel approaches in tackling cancer.
and simulate DNA NANOSTRUCTURES are extremely powerful and user friendly, and thus, researchers can easily construct their own DNA-objects for various uses.
Versatile DNA NANOSTRUCTURES The most important feature of a DNA-based nanostructure is its modularity. DNA structures can be fabricated with nanometer-precision,
Groundbreaking approach to create nanomaterials The research group lead by Professor Mauri Kostiainen works extensively with DNA NANOSTRUCTURES,
The researchers have coated DNA NANOSTRUCTURES with virus capsid proteins in order to significantly improve their transport to human cells;
#Researchers Build Optical Rectennas Using Carbon nanotubes and Tiny Rectifiers Optical rectennas, antenna-rectifier diodes that convert light into DC current, have been built using multiwall carbon nanotubes with integrated nanoscale rectifiers.
The produced optical rectennas hold promise as photodetectors that do not require cooling and energy harvesters that could be used for conversion of waste heat to electricity.
The carbon nanotubes in the devices function as antennas for capturing light. When the light waves strike the nanotube antennas,
an oscillating charge is created that travels through the rectifier devices. A small direct current (DC) is created
-Prof Baratunde Cola, Georgia Tech The team employed nanoscale fabrication techniques alongside metallic multiwall carbon nanotubes to build devices that utilized light's wave nature rather than its particle nature.
the researchers grew forests of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on a conductive substrate. Atomic layer chemical vapour deposition was used to in sulate the nanotubes with a coating of aluminum oxide.
Optically transparent thin calcium layers were deposited then using physical vapor deposition over the nanotube forest.
A potential difference of 2ev was achieved which is sufficient for ejecting electrons out of the carbon nanotube antennas upon the absorption of visible light Light in the form of oscillating waves interacts with nanotubes after going through the calcium-aluminum electrode.
The nanotube tips have metal-insulator-metal junctions that work as rectifiers. These rectifiers switch on and off at time intervals in the femtosecond range.
This means the electrons flow in one direction towards the top electrode. The 10nm diode functions at such a high frequency due to the ultra-low capacitance,
allowing multiple conduction channels in the carbon nanotubes, and reducing the structural resistance. e think we can reduce the resistance by several orders of magnitude just by improving the fabrication of our device structures,
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