#Nanostructure Changes Colour When Finger Comes Near Touchscreens suffer from mechanical wear over time and are a transmission path for bacteria
scientists at Stuttgart Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research and LMU Munich have developed now nanostructures that change their electrical and even their optical properties as soon as a finger comes anywhere near them.
Taking phosphatoantimonate nanosheets as their basis the Stuttgart scientists then developed a photonic nanostructure which reacts to the moisture by changing colour. f this was built into a monitor,
the users would then receive visible feedback to their finger motionexplained Katalin Szendrei, also a doctoral student in Bettina Lotsch group.
To this end, the scientists created a multilayer sandwich material with alternating layers of ultrathin phosphatoantimonate nanosheets and silicon dioxide (Sio2) or titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Tio2.
But scientists had observed never before such a large colour change as they now have in the lab in Stuttgart. he colour of the nanostructure turns from blue to red
The sandwich structure consisting of phosphatoantimonate nanosheets and oxide nanoparticles is highly stable from a chemical perspective
It important, for example, that the nanostructures can be produced economically. To minimize wear, the structures still need to be coated with a protective layer
#Nanofiber Hydrogel Infused with Snake Venom May Quickly Stop Bleeding A nanofiber hydrogel infused with snake venom may be the best material to stop bleeding quickly, according to Rice university scientists.
The Rice researchers combined batroxobin with their synthetic, self-assembling nanofibers, which can be loaded into a syringe
more expensive devices The Minion is a handheld DNA-sequencing device developed by Oxford Nanopore,
It works by detecting individual DNA bases that pass through a nanopore a tiny hole in a membrane.
The team managed to synthesize a thin film made of densely packed aluminum oxide nanorods blended with molecules of a thrombolytic enzyme (urokinase-type plasminogen activator.
The new process starts by harvesting sunlight with a nanostructure of wires made from silicon and titanium:
photo-excited electron#hole pairs are generated in the silicon and titanium oxide nanowires, which absorb different regions of the solar spectrum.
We were able to uniformly populate our nanowire array with S. ovata using buffered brackish water with trace vitamins as the only organic component.
'While other designs for space elevators have involved complex designs using graphene or carbon nanotubes, the Thoth design reportedly uses inflatable sections
The secret of its design is a scattering of billions of carbon'nanotubes'-microscopic hollow carbon rods.
Putting pressure on the skin squeezes the nanotubes closer together and enables them to conduct electricity.
Jensen and her colleagues now report in the journal International Journal of Pharmaceutics that they have managed to use S. islandicus to construct a nanocapsule that can transport drugs safely through the stomach.
and graduate student Gopinath Rajadinakaran teamed up with UK-based Oxford Nanopore technologies to show that the company's Minion nanopore sequencer can sequence genes faster,
Oxford Nanopore, a company based in the UK released its new nanopore sequencer, and offered one to Graveley's lab. The nanopore sequencer,
called a Minion, works by feeding a single strand of DNA through a tiny pore.
The pore can only hold five DNA bases-the'letters'that spell out our genes-at a time.
Each combination creates a different electrical current in the nanopore. GGGGA makes a different current than AGGGG,
and then ran them through the Minion's nanopores. In this one experiment, they not only found 7,
"Graveley will speak about the research at the Oxford Nanopore Minion Community Meeting at the New york Genome Center on Dec 3.
#Umbrella-shaped diamond nanostructures make efficient photon collectors Standard umbrellas come out when the sky turns dark,
Inspired by recent work to enhance the luminescence from diamond nanopillar structures, a team of researchers in Japan has discovered that"umbrella-shaped"diamond nanostructures with metal mirrors on the bottom are more efficient photon collectors than their diamond nanostructure"cousins"of other shapes.
By tweaking the shape of the diamond nanostructures into the form of tiny umbrellas, researchers from Tokyo Institute of technology experimentally showed that the fluorescence intensity of their structures was three to five times greater than that of bulk diamond.
They report their results in the journal Applied Physics Letters, from AIP Publishing. To get started, the team formed the umbrella-shaped diamond nanostructures by using an original"bottom-up"fabrication technique that relies on selective and anisotropic growth through holes in a metal mask.
The metal mask also serves as a mirror that is self-aligned to the diamond nanostructures."
"Our umbrella-shaped nanostructure has an effect similar to a solid immersion lens, which reduces the chance of total reflection on its upper surface
and focuses the emitted light toward the'upside'of the structure, "explained Mutsuko Hatano, a professor in the Graduate school of Science and Engineering's Department of Physical Electronics at Tokyo Institute of technology.
The self-aligned mirror goes a step further to enhance the efficiency of collecting this light by reflecting it at the lower surface area of the nanostructure."
The significance of the team's discovery is that they've shown that the brighter fluorescence intensity of umbrella-shaped diamond nanostructures can be achieved by improving the photon collection efficiency of the nitrogen vacancy centers,
In terms of applications, the team's nanostructures may find use in highly sensitive magnetic sensors for making biological observations or within the computational science realm for quantum computing and cryptographic communications.
Next, Hatano and colleagues plan to pursue better control of the nanostructures'shape, as well as target a smoother surface by optimizing chemical vapor deposition growth conditions."
"Our goal now is to improve the nanostructures'photon collection efficiency, "she said.""We also plan to demonstrate quantum sensors--in particular,
This means that the enzymes inside a nanocapsule become active under exactly the right conditions
and substances from the surrounding area can enter the nanocapsule. In the resulting enzymatic reaction, the capsule's contents act on the incoming substrate
Palivan were able for the first time to integrate a modified membrane protein into an artificially produced nanocapsule, which opened only if it encountered corresponding ph values.
"Some researchers have wanted to make transistors out of carbon nanotubes but the problem is that they grow in all sorts of directions,
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges,"said Michael Arnold, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at UW-Madison."
"What's even more interesting is that these nanoribbons can be made to grow in certain directions on one side of the germanium crystal,
Black silicon consists of clusters of microscopic vertical pillars, or nanowires. Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure,
making the material darker than dark. Rather than laying down layers of black silicon on top of a clear backdrop,
and etched silicon nanowires in the areas between aluminum rings. Then they seeped a polymer between the silicon nanowire pillars.
After the plastic support solidified they etched away the silicon backing, leaving bull's-eye patterned black silicon embedded in supple plastic.
Black silicon consists of clusters of microscopic vertical pillars, or nanowires. Incoming light bouncing between individual silicon nanowires cannot escape the complex structure,
making the material darker than dark. Rather than laying down layers of black silicon on top of a clear backdrop,
and etched silicon nanowires in the areas between aluminum rings. Then they seeped a polymer between the silicon nanowire pillars.
After the plastic support solidified they etched away the silicon backing, leaving bull's-eye patterned black silicon embedded in supple plastic.
#New blood clot-busting nanocapsule promises immediate care for heart attacks When blood clots form in the aftermath of a heart attack or stroke,
A team of Australian scientists has developed a new approach that sees the drugs carried safely inside a nanocapsule, opening up the treatment to more patients and lessening the chance of side effects.
It sees an already approved clot-busting medication called urokinase (upa) loaded into a newly-developed type of nanocapsule.
Metal-oxide nanosheets were arranged on a single plane using a magnetic field. The nanosheets were fixed then in place using a process called light-triggered in-situ vinyl polymerization
where the light helped to stick them together within the polymer. The nanosheets create electrostatic resistance in one direction,
but not the other. The polymer"legs"not only lengthened and contracted at pace, allowing it to move forward,
To produce these nanostructures the researchers began by placing aluminum particles about 50 nanometers in diameter in a solution of sulfuric acid and titanium oxysulfate,
#Snake Venom-infused Hydrogel Stops Bleeding A nanofiber hydrogel infused with snake venom may be the best material to stop bleeding quickly, according to Rice university scientists.
The Rice researchers combined batroxobin with their synthetic, self-assembling nanofibers, which can be loaded into a syringe
which relies on materials called carbon nanotubes, allows scientists to build the chip in three dimensions. The 3d design enables scientists to interweave memory,
Carbon nanotubes To get around this issue Shulaker and his advisers at Stanford university, Subhasish Mitra and H.-S. Philip Wong, looked to a completely different material:
carbon nanotubes, or miniscule mesh rods made of carbon atoms, which can be processed at low temperatures. Carbon nanotubes (CNTS) have electrical properties similar to those of conventional silicon transistors.
In a head-to-head competition between a silicon transistor and a CNT transistor,"hands down, the CNT would win,
"Shulaker told Live Science.""It would be a better transistor; it can go faster; it uses less energy."
"However, carbon nanotubes grow in a disorderly manner, "resembling a bowl of spaghetti, "which is no good for making circuits,
As such, the researchers developed a method to grow nanotubes in narrow grooves, guiding the nanotubes into alignment.
But there was another hurdle. While 99.5 percent of the nanotubes become aligned, a few stragglers will still be out of position.
To solve this problem, the researchers figured out that drilling holes at certain spots within the chip can ensure that even a chip with wayward tubes would work as expected.
while most CNTS have the properties of a semiconductor (like silicon), a few act just like an ordinary conducting metal,
As a remedy, Shulaker and his colleagues essentially"turn off"all the semiconducting CNTS, leaving huge jolts of current to circulate through the remaining conducting nanotubes.
The high current heats up and breaks down only the conducting nanotubes, which blow like nanoscale fuses,
Shulaker said. In 2013, the team built a CNT COMPUTER which they described in the journal Nature.
That computer, however, was slow and bulky, with relatively few transistors. Now, they have created a system for stacking memory and transistor layers,
The researchers used a copper oxide nanowire decorated with palladium nanoparticles to detect carbon monoxide a common industrial pollutant.
and scientists use nanowires fabricated from it to search for potential application in the microelectronics industry.
the copper oxide nanowire was made part of an electric circuit. The researchers detected carbon monoxide indirectly, by measuring the change in the resulting circuit electrical resistance in presence of the gas.
They found that copper oxide nanowires decorated with palladium nanoparticles show a significantly greater increase in electrical resistance in the presence of carbon monoxide than the same type of nanowires without the nanoparticles.
then deliver and deposit the palladium nanoparticles onto the surface of the nanowires in an evenly distributed manner.
This even dispersion of size selected nanoparticles and the resulting nanoparticles-nanowire interactions are crucial to get an enhanced electrical response.
segregated on distinct areas of the wafer where the nanowire sits. In other words, this system can be engineered to be able to detect multiple kinds of gases.
nanowire gas sensors will be cheaper and potentially easier to mass produce. The main energy cost in operating this kind of a sensor will be the high temperatures necessary to facilitate the chemical reactions for ensuring certain electrical response.
However, different nanowire-nanoparticle material configurations are currently being investigated in order to lower the operating temperature of this system."
"I think nanoparticle-decorated nanowires have a huge potential for practical applications as it is possible to incorporate this type of technology into industrial devices,
The researchers used a copper oxide nanowire decorated with palladium nanoparticles to detect carbon monoxide a common industrial pollutant.
and scientists use nanowires fabricated from it to search for potential application in the microelectronics industry.
the copper oxide nanowire was made part of an electric circuit. The researchers detected carbon monoxide indirectly, by measuring the change in the resulting circuit electrical resistance in presence of the gas.
They found that copper oxide nanowires decorated with palladium nanoparticles show a significantly greater increase in electrical resistance in the presence of carbon monoxide than the same type of nanowires without the nanoparticles.
then deliver and deposit the palladium nanoparticles onto the surface of the nanowires in an evenly distributed manner.
This even dispersion of size selected nanoparticles and the resulting nanoparticles-nanowire interactions are crucial to get an enhanced electrical response.
segregated on distinct areas of the wafer where the nanowire sits. In other words, this system can be engineered to be able to detect multiple kinds of gases.
nanowire gas sensors will be cheaper and potentially easier to mass produce. The main energy cost in operating this kind of a sensor will be the high temperatures necessary to facilitate the chemical reactions for ensuring certain electrical response.
However, different nanowire-nanoparticle material configurations are currently being investigated in order to lower the operating temperature of this system."
"I think nanoparticle-decorated nanowires have a huge potential for practical applications as it is possible to incorporate this type of technology into industrial devices,
This life saving treatment could be administered by paramedics in emergency situations without the need for specialised equipment as is currently the case. ee created a nanocapsule that contains a clot-busting drug.
The drug-loaded nanocapsule is coated with an antibody that specifically targets activated platelets, the cells that form blood clots,
thrombin (a molecule at the centre of the clotting process) breaks open the outer layer of the nanocapsule,
However, scientists have struggled to fabricate the material into ultra-narrow strips, called nanoribbons, that could enable the use of graphene in high-performance semiconductor electronics.
and is compatible with the prevailing infrastructure used in semiconductor processing. raphene nanoribbons that can be grown directly on the surface of a semiconductor like germanium are more compatible with planar processing that used in the semiconductor industry,
In addition, the nanoribbons must have smooth well-defined rmchairedges in which the carbon-carbon bonds are parallel to the length of the ribbon.
Researchers have fabricated typically nanoribbons by using lithographic techniques to cut larger sheets of graphene into ribbons.
and produces nanoribbons with very rough edges. Another strategy for making nanoribbons is to use a ottom-upapproach such as surface-assisted organic synthesis,
where molecular precursors react on a surface to polymerize nanoribbons. Arnold says surface-assisted synthesis can produce beautiful nanoribbons with precise, smooth edges,
but this method only works on metal substrates and the resulting nanoribbons are thus far too short for use in electronics.
To overcome these hurdles the UW-Madison researchers pioneered a bottom-up technique in which they grow ultra-narrow nanoribbons with smooth,
straight edges directly on germanium wafers using a process called chemical vapor deposition. In this process, the researchers start with methane,
which adsorbs to the germanium surface and decomposes to form various hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons react with each other on the surface,
the graphene crystals naturally grow into long nanoribbons on a specific crystal facet of germanium. By simply controlling the growth rate and growth time,
the researchers can easily tune the nanoribbon width be to less than 10 nanometers. hat wee discovered is that
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges, Arnold says. he widths can be very,
so all the desirable features we want in graphene nanoribbons are happening automatically with this technique. he nanoribbons produced with this technique start nucleating,
Tiny treelike nanostructures in the scales of Morpho wings are known to be responsible for the butterfly brilliant iridescence.
director of Berkeley Lab Materials sciences Division and a world authority on metamaterials artificial nanostructures engineered with electromagnetic properties not found in nature. ur ultra-thin cloak now looks like a coat.
which uses nanopores to read individual nucleotides, paves the way for better and cheaper DNA sequencing.
In nanopore sequencing, DNA passes through a tiny pore in a membrane, much like a thread goes through a needle.
The team then created a nanopore on membrane, almost 3 nm wide. The next step was to dissolve DNA in a thick liquid that contained charged ions and
the team tested their system by passing known nucleotides, dissolved in the liquid, through the nanopore multiple times.
which is promising for sequencing with solid-state nanopores, says Jiandong Feng. The scientists also predict that using high-end electronics
By combining ionic liquids with nanopores on molybdenum disulfide thin films they hope to create a cheaper DNA sequencing platform with a better output.
and nanopore technology can deliver. n
#New graphene oxide biosensors may accelerate research of HIV and cancer drugs Longing to find a cure for cancer, HIV and other yet incurable diseases,
"Some researchers have wanted to make transistors out of carbon nanotubes, but the problem is that they grow in all sorts of directions,
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges,"said Michael Arnold, an associate professor of materials science and engineering at UW-Madison."
"What's even more interesting is that these nanoribbons can be made to grow in certain directions on one side of the germanium crystal,
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
Measurement of a single nuclear spin in biological samples May 11th, 2015graphene holds key to unlocking creation of wearable electronic devices May 11th, 2015new Method to Produce Dual Zinc oxide Nanorings May 11th
a moth's eyes are antireflective because of naturally covered tapered nanostructures where the refractive index gradually increases as light travels to the moth's cornea,
"We have shown that our nanostructure glass coatings exhibit superior mechanical resistance to impact abrasion-like sand storms
Gold nanorods can be used as remote controlled nanoheaters delivering the right amount of thermal treatment to cancer cells,
Using a chemical method to attach gold nanorods to the surface of a diamond nanocrystal, the authors have invented a new biocompatible nanodevice.
It is capable of delivering extremely localised heating from a near-infrared laser aimed at the gold nanorods
Graphene-nanotube hybrid switches But together, these two materials make a workable digital switch, which is the basis for controlling electrons in computers, phones, medical equipment and other electronics.
Yoke Khin Yap, a professor of physics at Michigan Technological University, has worked with a research team that created these digital switches by combining graphene and boron nitride nanotubes.
the nanotubes are made like straws of boron and nitrogen. Yap and his team exfoliate graphene
Then they can grow the nanotubes up and through the pinholes. Meshed together like this, the material looks like a flake of bark sprouting erratic, thin hairs."
and the atomic structure in the nanotubes halts electric currents. This disparity creates a barrier, caused by the difference in electron movement as currents move next to and past the hairlike boron nitride nanotubes.
These points of contact between the materials--called heterojunctions--are what make the digital on/off switch possible."
the use of graphene and nanotubes bypasses those problems. In addition, the graphene and boron nitride nanotubes have the same atomic arrangement pattern,
or lattice matching. With their aligned atoms, the graphene-nanotube digital switches could avoid the issues of electron scattering."
"You want to control the direction of the electrons, "Yap explains, comparing the challenge to a pinball machine that traps,
The team managed to synthesize a thin film made of densely packed aluminum oxide nanorods blended with molecules of a thrombolytic enzyme (urokinase-type plasminogen activator.
Third, the flow of current draws oxygen ions from the tantalum oxide nanopores and stabilizes them.
and a way to control the size of the nanopores. Wang is an assistant professor at the Korea University-Korea Institute of Science and Technology's Graduate school of Converging Science and Technology.
and nanostructures to naturally occurring biological polymers, tissues and plant cells. The first application as part of DOE's Bioenergy Science Center was in the examination of plant cell walls under several treatments to provide submicron characterization.
The plant cell wall is layered a nanostructure of biopolymers such as cellulose. Scientists want to convert such biopolymers to free the useful sugars and release energy An earlier instrument,
the team arranged metal-oxide nanosheets into a single plane within a material by using a magnetic field
The nanosheets ended up stuck within the polymer, aligned in a single plane. Due to electrostatic forces, the sheets create electrostatic resistance in one direction but not in the other.
However, scientists have struggled to fabricate the material into ultra-narrow strips, called nanoribbons, that could enable the use of graphene in high-performance semiconductor electronics.
In addition, the nanoribbons must have smooth, well-defined"armchair"edges in which the carbon-carbon bonds are parallel to the length of the ribbon.
Researchers have fabricated typically nanoribbons by using lithographic techniques to cut larger sheets of graphene into ribbons.
and produces nanoribbons with very rough edges. Another strategy for making nanoribbons is to use a"bottom-up"approach such as surface-assisted organic synthesis,
where molecular precursors react on a surface to polymerize nanoribbons. Arnold says surface-assisted synthesis can produce beautiful nanoribbons with precise
smooth edges, but this method only works on metal substrates and the resulting nanoribbons are thus far too short for use in electronics.
To overcome these hurdles, the UW-Madison researchers pioneered a bottom-up technique in which they grow ultra-narrow nanoribbons with smooth,
straight edges directly on germanium wafers using a process called chemical vapor deposition. In this process, the researchers start with methane,
which adsorbs to the germanium surface and decomposes to form various hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons react with each other on the surface,
the graphene crystals naturally grow into long nanoribbons on a specific crystal facet of germanium. By simply controlling the growth rate and growth time,
the researchers can easily tune the nanoribbon width be to less than 10 nanometers.""What we've discovered is that
it naturally forms nanoribbons with these very smooth, armchair edges, "Arnold says.""The widths can be very,
"The nanoribbons produced with this technique start nucleating, or growing, at seemingly random spots on the germanium and are oriented in two different directions on the surface.
We have fabricated also Li-ion batteries based on structurally resilient carbon nanotube-based electrodes that have survived thousands of flexing cycles.
The work, published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, pairs gold nanomesh with a stretchable substrate made with polydimethylsiloxane, or PDMS.
The substrate is stretched before the gold nanomesh is placed on it-a process known as"prestretching "-and the material showed no sign of fatigue
The gold nanomesh also proved conducive to cell growth, indicating it is a good material for implantable medical devices.
"We weaken the constraint of the substrate by making the interface between the Au (gold) nanomesh and PDMS slippery,
and expect the Au nanomesh to achieve superstretchability and high fatigue resistance, "they wrote in the paper."
"the Au nanomesh does not exhibit strain fatigue when it is stretched to 50 percent for 10,000 cycles."
that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
or organ surfaces, suggest the nanomesh"might be implanted in the body as a pacemaker electrode,
using gold nanomesh, in a paper published in Nature Communications in January 2014. This work expands on that,
which uses nanopores to read individual nucleotides, paves the way for better-and cheaper-DNA sequencing.
However,"nanopore sequencing"is prone to high inaccuracy because DNA usually passes through very fast. EPFL scientists have discovered now a viscous liquid that slows down the process up to a thousand times,
In nanopore sequencing, DNA passes through a tiny pore in a membrane, much like a thread goes through a needle.
The team then created a nanopore on membrane, almost 3 nm wide. The next step was to dissolve DNA in a thick liquid that contained charged ions and
Finally, the team tested their system by passing known nucleotides, dissolved in the liquid, through the nanopore multiple times.
which is promising for sequencing with solid-state nanopores, "says Jiandong Feng. The scientists also predict that using high-end electronics
By combining ionic liquids with nanopores on molybdenum disulfide thin films, they hope to create a cheaper DNA sequencing platform with a better output.
-and nanopore technology can deliver
#Pioneering research develops new way to capture light--for the computers of tomorrow Pioneering research by an international team of scientists,
A nanocomposite coating has been produced in this research by combining hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as the base material and diopside ceramic.
The nanocomposite has desirable mechanical properties biocompatibility, chemical stability and resistance to corrosion and abrasion.
because the optimum conditions for applying nanocomposite coating through electrophoretic method on metals are obtained at low particle size distributions s
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