Crop

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Synopsis: Agribusiness: Crop: Crop:

They are the world number one non-grain crop, in 130 countries, and a hefty source of starch for billions around the world.

and spray crops is regulated already and sanctioned in both North and South america. Another will be the fuel itself.

Traditionally, farmers try to reduce their exposure to risks like crop failure (from bad rains or crop parasites) by minimising their investment in farming inputs.

Farmer payouts are calculated automatically based on their crops, location, and number of seeds purchased. By coupling bank loans with Kilimo Salama insurance scheme, the organisation has enabled banks

The restrictions announced Wednesday target chloropicrin, a pesticide injected into the ground before planting crops such as strawberries, tomatoes and almond orchards.

California produces 88 percent of the nation's strawberry crop, supporting a $2. 3 billion industry,

It will cost the state's strawberry growers an estimated $20 million to buy upgraded tarps to cover their crops

Agricultural lands for olive orchards and other crops are being damaged. Unregulated quarrying has deteriorated coastal mountain ecosystems and soil quality.

#BIOBROOM#Breeding flies to fight broomrape parasite weeds Can flies be bred as gardeners weeding undesirable pests from the crop?

herbicide-free control of parasitic weeds in all vulnerable crops. Tóth is assistant professor at the Slovak University of Agriculture in the city of Nitra where he teaches in agricultural entomology,

and it is a real problem in tomatoes, tobacco and hemp crops. In some areas they have stopped growing tobacco and tomatoes."

it could offer an environmentally-friendly protection against a crop menace. Project details Participants: The netherlands (Coordinator), Slovakia FP7 Proj.

And it not just the occasional flower buyer who needs guidance on watering as even experienced farmers can misjudge how much to sprinkle on their crops,

the 2003 heat wave cost about#11 billion in lost crops. The waste is mainly down to inefficient irrigation systems.

Italy and Estonia, using crops like lettuce, courgettes, and berries. In The british trials, on Maris Piper potatoes, Waterbee used 56%less water than the local irrigation system in use.

##California is the top agricultural producing state in the nation grossing $38 billion in revenue from farm crops in 2010.

and affect our daily lives from pollinating our crops to vectoring diseasessays lead author Bernhard Misof with the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig in Bonn Germany. e can only start to understand the enormous species richness

or bad crop yieldssmolke says. e ll have more sustainable cost-effective and secure production methods for these important drugs. h

#Rice genome could answer the 9 billion-people question Researchers have sequenced the complete genome of African rice a hardy crop that could help feed the world s growing population. ice feeds

and pesticides. ardy high-yield crops will become increasingly vital for human survival as the world faces the environmental effects of climate change and an ever-growing global population.

and traits that make harvesting the crop easier. Additionally the sequenced genome helps resolve questions about

#RNA readout tool could lead to tougher crops Scientists have developed a method that enables more-accurate prediction of how RNA molecules fold within living cells.

or develop with biotechnological methods crops that are more resistant to those stresses. Such crops which could perform better under more-marginal conditions could help feed the world s growing population. he project involved determining the structures of the varieties of RNA molecules in a plant named Arabidopsis thaliana.

This plant is used worldwide as a model species for scientific research. Arabidopsis thaliana commonly known as mouse-ear cress is an ideal organism for RNA studies the researchers say

Crop growers wine grape and other fruit growers food processors and even concrete makers all benefit from water sensors for accurate steady and numerous moisture readings.

While growers can use the sensors to monitor water in soils for their crops civil engineers can embed the chips in concrete to determine optimal moisture levels as the concrete cures. ne of our goals is to try

and around crops could pay huge dividends for farmers in the near future thanks to advances in genetic sequencing.

The sheer complexity involved in making sense of the virtually countless microbes that interact with crops made such an ambitious goal seem outlandish in the past.

When crops are optimized with the right genetics and colonized by the right microbes both organisms can flourish.

Gan envisions applications that will produce leafy greens that stay fresh floral bouquets that last longer and crops that keep their nutrients with an extended shelf life and less postharvest loss.

and seeds so senescence limits the yield of many crops. His lab group is already working with other genes in the salicylic acid pathway including a master regulator gene with promising results.

#Gene protects beer crop from nasty fungus Original Studyposted by Ron Hohenhaus-Queensland on August 5 2013 Finding the gene that gives barley resistance to leaf rust could benefit people who rely on the crop

Leaf rust is a fungal disease that could destroy almost a third of the nation s barley crop,

This will result in much lower chemical use reduced crop losses and a more reliable grain supply.

Hickey says the crop disease could also leave Australian beer drinkers thirsty because the country's primary use of barley was to make beer as well as stock feed.

and wheat in hopes of creating new crops. That can be done if the different species are related closely

One billion acres#When Bt crops were introduced first the main question was how quickly would pests adapt

##Now with 1 billion acres of these crops planted over the past 16 years and with the data accumulated over that period we have a better scientific understanding of how fast the insects evolve resistance and why.#

#Analyzing data from 77 studies of 13 pest species in eight countries on five continents the researchers found well-documented cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt crops in five major pests

Three of the five cases are in the United states where farmers have planted about half of the world s Bt crop acreage.

but in the best cases effectiveness of Bt crops has been sustained more than 15 years. According to the paper both the best and worst outcomes correspond with predictions from evolutionary principles.#

#The factors we found to favor sustained efficacy of Bt crops are in line with what we would expect based on evolutionary theory#says Carri##re explaining that conditions are most favorable

Pink bollwormplanting refuges near Bt crops reduces the chances that two resistant insects will mate with each other making it more likely they will breed with a susceptible mate yielding offspring that are killed by the Bt crop.

#Same pest same crop same Bt protein but very different outcomes.##He explained that in the Southwestern US scientists from the EPA academia industry

One of the paper s main conclusions is that evaluating two factors can help to gauge the risk of resistance before Bt crops are commercialized.#

or this pest will probably evolve resistance quickly to this Bt crop.##Prevent resistance? Although the new report is the most comprehensive evaluation of pest resistance to Bt crops so far Tabashnik emphasizes that it represents only the beginning of using systematic data analyses to enhance understanding and management of resistance.#

#These plants have been remarkably useful and in most cases resistance has evolved slower than expected#Tabashnik says.#

#I see these crops as an increasingly important part of the future of agriculture. The progress made provides motivation to collect more data

and to incorporate it in planning future crop deployments.##We ve also started exchanging ideas and information with scientists facing related challenges such as herbicide resistance in weeds and resistance to drugs in bacteria HIV and cancer.#

when and how much water to apply to their crops, so they don run their irrigation systems unnecessarily.

#Ethiopia Agriculture ministry rolls out specialized phone service for farmers The Ethiopian government has rolled out a new phone service that farmers can call to get information on crops in their native languages.

"The hotline administrator can'push'customized content (such as in cases of drought, pest and disease) to callers based on crop,

whether or not to plant crops, and when. Those who took the advice saved some $3. 8 million collectively i

exciting tech giants like Netflix and inspiring a whole new crop of innovative startups. What is reactive programming?

self-irrigating crops, and even aterlesscities. The earth atmosphere is a far more elegant water distribution system than rivers, reservoirs,

Moisture is harvested out of the air to irrigate crops through an efficient system that produces large amounts of condensation A turbine intake drives air underground through a network of piping that rapidly cools the air to the temperature of the soil where it reaches 100%humidity

and pumped to the roots of crops via sub surface drip irrigation hosing. Developed by Joe Ellsworth in Seattle,

So, the The Nature Conservancy (TNC) has joined forces with America beer brewers to change how farmer irrigate their crops.

#Robobees will pollinate crops instead of real bees As soon as 10 years from now these Robobees could artificially pollinate a field of crops.

The researchers believe that as soon as 10 years from now these Robobees could artificially pollinate a field of crops,

and environmental controls that regulate temperature, humidity and light to produce vegetables, fruits and other crops year-round.

Sensors help agriculture by enabling real-time traceability and diagnosis of crop, livestock and farm machine states.

and maintain crops at the plant level. Engineering involves technologies that extend the reach of agriculture to new means, new places and new areas of the economy.

Crop sensors: Instead of prescribing field fertilization before application, high-resolution crop sensors inform application equipment of correct amounts needed.

Optical sensors or drones are able to identify crop health across the field (for example, by using infrared light).

Scientifically viable in 2015; mainstream in 2018; and financially viable in 2019. Infrastructural health sensors:

Further understanding of crop variability, geolocated weather data and precise sensors should allow improved automated decision-making and complementary planting techniques.

predict, cultivate and extract crops from the land with practically no human intervention. Small-scale implementations are already on the horizon.

Farmers planting crops that can't be sold doesn't sound like a sensible proposition does it?

and soybeans the most common crops in the U s. Moreover cover crops were especially effective under drought conditions.

In percentage terms the extra bushels represent an average 9. 6-percent-greater yield in corn planted after the planting of cover crops compared with crops not preceded by cover crops.

which represented an 11 percent increase in crops grown after cover crops compared with those grown without them.

A complete drought tolerant package would include appropriate crop choices and specially bred varieties of crops as well as a drought tolerant system.

The crop-centered approach to drought was discussed by my colleague Doug Gurian-Sherman in hisrecent report High and Dry.

In addition to highlighting the availability of crops like sorghum and alfalfa that are inherently more drought tolerant

and might be used more often in U s. agriculture Doug also discussed the success of conventional corn breeders who have increased drought tolerance at a steady pace of 1 percent per year over decades.

However successful crop genetics might be new plant varieties cannot compensate for the deficiencies in systems.

Unfortunately about half of the world's food is consumed never due to inefficiencies in the harvesting storage and delivery of crops.

Certainly weather-related events like the current and long-lasting drought in portions of the U s. add further complexity to the science of farming as resultant crop damage food supply shortages

While collecting real-time data on weather soil health of crops and air quality is important as is the availability of equipment

Precision agriculture can help farmers from Brunei to Brazil pinpoint the best time for harvesting to mitigate crop damage and loss;

Those and other smarter farming methods including techniques used early in the growing cycle are reducing weather-related crop damage by as much as 25 percent in some areas ensuring that fewer crops are wasted

According to the U s. Department of agriculture weather-related incidents cause 90 percent of all crop losses. Precision agriculture helps address that problem by improving weather forecasting

Getting more crop per drop not only improves farm productivity but provides enough return on investment to fund additional high-tech solutions.

According to the Food and agriculture organization of the united nations global animal agriculture produces vast amounts of crops to feed billions of farm animals long before they are consumed themselves.

but sterile ash that can be used to fertilize crops. Referring to the Omniprocessor as a lean repository for human waste,

and more than 90%of coffee crops were wiped out in those regions. Faced with an economic catastrophe

Jalas and the way he works represent a new and mostly untapped market for a new crop of genetics interpretation and analysis firms,

Today, hundreds of companies worldwide are making drones for infrastructure inspection, crop-and livestock-monitoring,

If a company decides to use a surveillance drone for crop management, for instance, it can easily add software that stitches together different images to determine which areas of a field are overwatered

viewing companies that monitor crops and infrastructure with drones that require specific cameras and sensors as potential early customers.

and other crop problems mean income can be quite irregular for millions of Kenyans; as a result, they don know how much money they will make,

The current iteration of the 6-horsepower thresher which has evolved extensively after years of field-testing is wheeled a cylinder thresher that can both be adjusted to handle a variety of crops.

The flies are a major pest to olive crops. The idea is that the flies all male will mate with wild olive fruit flies.

An associate professor of food safety and plant biosecurity at Virgina Tech Schmale sends drones armed with petri dishes into the atmosphere to capture airborne crop pathogens.

He's planning to adapt his model to predict the movement of plant pathogens which could help farmers preemptively protect their crops by describing where to strategically deploy pesticides.

That's the case for crops, which are plentifully regrown. On the other hand fossil fuel-produced carbon dioxide is considered different

which could have applications such as spraying on crops or disinfecting food, as well as treating human disease.

#Bacterial raincoat discovery paves way to better crop protection Researchers have discovered how communities of beneficial bacteria form a waterproof coating on the roots of plants,

With a rising global population leading to increased pressure on food resources, it is becoming ever more essential that crop breeding programmes work to enhance the security of global food sources.

Crop breeding programmes can make use of this genetic information to ensure that the preferred trait is inherited by future crop yields,

As an open access tool, researchers and crop breeders can submit their own data to Polymarker

and the online tool will return suggested design primers to identify genetic variations that tag vital traits in their crop samples,

Outside of seed genetics and crop inputs, most other Agtech was bundled typically with Cleantech. Then, in 2013, there was a shift.

Rates of yield increases for major crops have been trending negatively on a 10-year curve at the very time that global forces of population growth, prosperity,

and change targeted genes in human cells, mice, rats, zebrafish, bacteria, fruit flies, yeast, worms and even crops.

and their waste appeared to be safe to use as soil for crops. Researchers, including Wu,

and their waste appeared to be safe to use as soil for crops. Researchers, including Wu,

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tonnes per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

Today, however, no rational young scientist interested in molecular techniques of crop breeding would choose a base in Continental Europe.

Imports are preferred to European crops partly because biotech traits make them cheaper. Yet these same traits such as herbicide tolerance and insect resistance are barred now widely from domestic use.

since it won allow genetically modified insect-resistant crops to be grown. The data is clear:

But a 2011 survey estimated that European farmersfailure to adopt G. M. crops had resulted in lost revenue of between 500 million and one billion euros per year.

Russia has proclaimed proudly a prohibition on G. M. O. crops. So has Zimbabwe where anti-Western conspiracy theories about biotech companies have become part of the ruling party ideology.

I was interrupted by an organic farmer who said he was determined never to grow biotech crops. His grounds?

"If you know you are producing a crop that is not tolerated well by people, then it's the right thing to do,

for creating new strains of crops and livestock. Indeed, because, like CRISPR-Cas9 it does not involve taking genes from one organism

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tonnes per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

"Professor Waterhouse, a molecular geneticist with QUT's Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, said scientists could use this discovery to investigate other niche

what we know about the domestication of the crop. his latest genomic information and the potential to introduce as yet unused wild barley traits may offer great new potential in our barley breeding programs,

or retains it in the ear. he Japanese geneticists found that the cell walls were much thinner in brittle crop and much thicker in non-brittle crop.

several regions will likely see yield losses for heat-sensitive commodity crops like cotton and corn, with potentially high economic costs,

Not unlike the other commodities exchange, this platform will allow cannabis farmers to lock in prices for their crops

farmers could send machines into their fields to inspect the crops, said Georgia Tech doctoral candidate Yancy Diaz-Mercado,

while the green gives the crops a less alien appearance. The seeds themselves are embedded in rooting"pillows"that take the place of soil for root growth and retaining water.

However, a carefully selected crop of plants can cut the supply list by recycling air and waste to produce fresh air, water,

A first crop was grown in May of 2014 over a 33 day period, but these were preserved

The second crop was started on July 8 and also harvested after 33 days. One reason the portions for Monday's meal were so small is that half of the tiny crop

along with their root pillows were bagged and preserved for later transportation to Earth, where they will be subjected to scientific analysis. According to NASA,

but the results from the first crop have been positive. The hope is that the experiment will help scientists to gain a better understanding of how to grow plants in a completely artificial environment.

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tons per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tons per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

the way poppy crops are--allowing millions of people around the world who do not have sufficient access to painkilling drugs to get the medications they need.

and help farmers survey their crops more quickly these flying robots have stirred up quite a few problems in recent months.

plant the right crop in the right place (Nanowerk News) Corn, wheat and rapeseed can be used to produce biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel.

The study that arrived at this conclusion is due to be published By nature Climate change("Greenhouse gas payback times for crop-based biofuels".

"This figure shows the duration of the payback times for greenhouse gases produced by corn-based bioethanol per intensively farmed crop location,

While intensive crop farming results in greater greenhouse gas emission, it also increases the yields of crops used to produce biofuels and,

To increase production of biofuels from crops, such as corn and wheat, natural areas need to make way for agricultural land.

per extensively farmed crop location, i e. where fertilizers and irrigation are used not. While extensive crop farming reduces greenhouse gas emission,

it also yields smaller crops for producing biofuels. From Western europe to the tropics Elshout, a Phd candidate at Radboud University, explains:

Nineteen years sounds like a long time, but in farming terms, its not all that long.

spatially-explicit overview of biogenic gas emission resulting from crops used to produce biofuels. In developing this model,

"In the future, farmers could send machines into their fields to inspect the crops, "said Georgia Tech Ph d. candidate Yancy Diaz-Mercado."

"Professor Waterhouse, a molecular geneticist with QUT's Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, said scientists could use this discovery to investigate other niche

(which makes water unusable for crops and for drinking), the team also applied UV light to disinfect some of the water as it passed through the system.

even those who grow crops with relatively low water needs like wine grapes are feeling the pinch.

These rooms are controlled climate to conditions that maximize the growth and yield of crop. A major advantage of vertical farming is the sips of water it needs.

baby cabbage and microgreens with up to 15 times as many crop cycles a year compared to traditional farming.

therefore necessary for the production of gibberellins--a mechanism that is highly relevant to the growth and development of plants,"says Poppenberger, Professor for the Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops.

and also allows them to capture higher crop prices during the dry season, "said the trial's co-primary investigator, Craig R. Cohen, MD, MPH, UCSF professor in the Bixby Center for Global Reproductive health in the department of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences.

which could have applications such as spraying on crops or disinfecting food, as well as treating human disease.

and create heartier crops in foods like tomatoes and lettuce. The application of the Cas9 RNP gene editing technique could be the next step in ending food shortages s

and is a $6 billion crop in the United states. here is untapped a vast reservoir of genes in wild cotton plants that could offer us stronger

and heat waves. eat waves can kill people and crops while worsening air quality, and droughts exacerbate those serious impacts,

#Breeding higher yielding crops by increasing sugar import into seeds Once a mother plant releases its embryos to the outside world,

rice and other crops, said Bing Yang from Iowa State university, whose team performed all the rice studies.

#Weather history time machine created During the 1930s North america endured the Dust bowl a prolonged era of dryness that withered crops

because they have a large amount of crop pathogen. However this species has other subspecies that does not harm their host plants

The scientists found that controlling irrigation using data from moisture sensors led to substantial reductions in both production time and crop losses.

such as the nature of the soil, the nature of the crop involved or weather. The system is currently being tested at Norcal Harvesting,

The top biodiesel crops--palm soybean, and rapeseed oil--are all the least energy efficient. However, they are also the cheapest to produce,

Farmers are increasingly using drones to monitor crop health and gauge growth patterns. This is a job well-suited to drones,

and hardware that automatically measures the height of crops and detect weeds, and they can even count plants.

via the first crop of Homekit-enabled accessories from third-party manufacturers. This means youl soon be able to get your hands on a range of products for the connected home that work with Siri on your ios device,

and this crop of initial partners delivers that. It interesting to see Apple announce this ahead of WWDC

the readings it takes are more scientifically rigorous than those achieved by the current crop of Android Wear-powered devices,

Researchers have completed the second of three major steps needed to turbocharge photosynthesis in crops such as wheat

But 75 percent of the world's crops (known as C3 plants) use a slower and less efficient form of photosynthesis. Researchers have been attempting for a long time to change some C3 plants-including wheat rice and potatoes-into C4 plants.

However Price says there are genetic workarounds that could quickly make it possible in a wider range of crops s

#A Nimble-Wheeled Farm Robot Goes to Work in Minnesota This summer a Minnesota startup began deploying an autonomous robot that rolls between corn plants spraying crop fertilizer.

The company is also testing using them for planting seed on cornfields for fall crops, called cover crops,

because it is sprayed heavily on crops that had themselves been engineered genetically to resist the spray.

So an important question is how to minimize the energy it takes to grow these crops.

Today most farmers typically overwater crops by up to 20%just to be on the safe side.

Optimal irrigation can improve quality and quantity of crops and increase farmers incomes and profitability.

SWP is recognized a scientifically highly accurate parameter for determining water status in crops but today SWP can only be measured in a labor-intensive procedure.

The Saturas sensing system tailors irrigation to the crop's real-time water needs resulting in more efficient water use

coupled with the fire destroying their oil palm crops, had left them penniless and hungry. Until that moment, he had thought mostly of peat blazes as orest fires,

Tarsedi told me that oil palm is the crop of choice for Bungaraya farmers because it is more valuable than paddy rice.

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