Crop

Cover crop (29)
Crop (260)
Crop yield (16)

Synopsis: Agribusiness: Crop:

The satellites it put into the space provide everything from high-resolution imagery to monitor the country's shrinking farmland, to cheaper wireless and internet coverage.

They are the world number one non-grain crop, in 130 countries, and a hefty source of starch for billions around the world.

and spray crops is regulated already and sanctioned in both North and South america. Another will be the fuel itself.

He sold his farmland and became an overnight millionaire.""There are no farms left here for us to remain farmers,

The ability to use just the right amounts of water and fertiliser to produce a good harvest without wasting resources can improve crop yields and rural incomes.

if its farmland was utilised properly. Things are starting to change, however, thanks to ideas transforming farmerslives.

Traditionally, farmers try to reduce their exposure to risks like crop failure (from bad rains or crop parasites) by minimising their investment in farming inputs.

Farmer payouts are calculated automatically based on their crops, location, and number of seeds purchased. By coupling bank loans with Kilimo Salama insurance scheme, the organisation has enabled banks

The restrictions announced Wednesday target chloropicrin, a pesticide injected into the ground before planting crops such as strawberries, tomatoes and almond orchards.

California produces 88 percent of the nation's strawberry crop, supporting a $2. 3 billion industry,

It will cost the state's strawberry growers an estimated $20 million to buy upgraded tarps to cover their crops

Agricultural lands for olive orchards and other crops are being damaged. Unregulated quarrying has deteriorated coastal mountain ecosystems and soil quality.

#BIOBROOM#Breeding flies to fight broomrape parasite weeds Can flies be bred as gardeners weeding undesirable pests from the crop?

herbicide-free control of parasitic weeds in all vulnerable crops. Tóth is assistant professor at the Slovak University of Agriculture in the city of Nitra where he teaches in agricultural entomology,

and it is a real problem in tomatoes, tobacco and hemp crops. In some areas they have stopped growing tobacco and tomatoes."

it could offer an environmentally-friendly protection against a crop menace. Project details Participants: The netherlands (Coordinator), Slovakia FP7 Proj.

And it not just the occasional flower buyer who needs guidance on watering as even experienced farmers can misjudge how much to sprinkle on their crops,

the 2003 heat wave cost about#11 billion in lost crops. The waste is mainly down to inefficient irrigation systems.

Italy and Estonia, using crops like lettuce, courgettes, and berries. In The british trials, on Maris Piper potatoes, Waterbee used 56%less water than the local irrigation system in use.

##California is the top agricultural producing state in the nation grossing $38 billion in revenue from farm crops in 2010.

and affect our daily lives from pollinating our crops to vectoring diseasessays lead author Bernhard Misof with the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig in Bonn Germany. e can only start to understand the enormous species richness

or biochar to soil to both boost crop yields and counter global climate change the study offers the first detailed explanation for this mystery. nderstanding the controls on water movement through biochar-amended soils is critical

or bad crop yieldssmolke says. e ll have more sustainable cost-effective and secure production methods for these important drugs. h

#Rice genome could answer the 9 billion-people question Researchers have sequenced the complete genome of African rice a hardy crop that could help feed the world s growing population. ice feeds

and pesticides. ardy high-yield crops will become increasingly vital for human survival as the world faces the environmental effects of climate change and an ever-growing global population.

and traits that make harvesting the crop easier. Additionally the sequenced genome helps resolve questions about

#RNA readout tool could lead to tougher crops Scientists have developed a method that enables more-accurate prediction of how RNA molecules fold within living cells.

or develop with biotechnological methods crops that are more resistant to those stresses. Such crops which could perform better under more-marginal conditions could help feed the world s growing population. he project involved determining the structures of the varieties of RNA molecules in a plant named Arabidopsis thaliana.

This plant is used worldwide as a model species for scientific research. Arabidopsis thaliana commonly known as mouse-ear cress is an ideal organism for RNA studies the researchers say

Crop growers wine grape and other fruit growers food processors and even concrete makers all benefit from water sensors for accurate steady and numerous moisture readings.

While growers can use the sensors to monitor water in soils for their crops civil engineers can embed the chips in concrete to determine optimal moisture levels as the concrete cures. ne of our goals is to try

#Use microbes, not pesticides, to boost crop yields Iowa State university Original Studyposted by Fred Love-Iowa State on September 9 2013.

and around crops could pay huge dividends for farmers in the near future thanks to advances in genetic sequencing.

The sheer complexity involved in making sense of the virtually countless microbes that interact with crops made such an ambitious goal seem outlandish in the past.

When crops are optimized with the right genetics and colonized by the right microbes both organisms can flourish.

Gan envisions applications that will produce leafy greens that stay fresh floral bouquets that last longer and crops that keep their nutrients with an extended shelf life and less postharvest loss.

and seeds so senescence limits the yield of many crops. His lab group is already working with other genes in the salicylic acid pathway including a master regulator gene with promising results.

#Gene protects beer crop from nasty fungus Original Studyposted by Ron Hohenhaus-Queensland on August 5 2013 Finding the gene that gives barley resistance to leaf rust could benefit people who rely on the crop

Leaf rust is a fungal disease that could destroy almost a third of the nation s barley crop,

This will result in much lower chemical use reduced crop losses and a more reliable grain supply.

Hickey says the crop disease could also leave Australian beer drinkers thirsty because the country's primary use of barley was to make beer as well as stock feed.

and wheat in hopes of creating new crops. That can be done if the different species are related closely

Among crop plants pollination means food.##Understanding this molecular back-and-forth at all the different levels and stages will be useful to either engineer the process

One billion acres#When Bt crops were introduced first the main question was how quickly would pests adapt

##Now with 1 billion acres of these crops planted over the past 16 years and with the data accumulated over that period we have a better scientific understanding of how fast the insects evolve resistance and why.#

#Analyzing data from 77 studies of 13 pest species in eight countries on five continents the researchers found well-documented cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt crops in five major pests

Three of the five cases are in the United states where farmers have planted about half of the world s Bt crop acreage.

but in the best cases effectiveness of Bt crops has been sustained more than 15 years. According to the paper both the best and worst outcomes correspond with predictions from evolutionary principles.#

#The factors we found to favor sustained efficacy of Bt crops are in line with what we would expect based on evolutionary theory#says Carri##re explaining that conditions are most favorable

Pink bollwormplanting refuges near Bt crops reduces the chances that two resistant insects will mate with each other making it more likely they will breed with a susceptible mate yielding offspring that are killed by the Bt crop.

#Same pest same crop same Bt protein but very different outcomes.##He explained that in the Southwestern US scientists from the EPA academia industry

One of the paper s main conclusions is that evaluating two factors can help to gauge the risk of resistance before Bt crops are commercialized.#

or this pest will probably evolve resistance quickly to this Bt crop.##Prevent resistance? Although the new report is the most comprehensive evaluation of pest resistance to Bt crops so far Tabashnik emphasizes that it represents only the beginning of using systematic data analyses to enhance understanding and management of resistance.#

#These plants have been remarkably useful and in most cases resistance has evolved slower than expected#Tabashnik says.#

#I see these crops as an increasingly important part of the future of agriculture. The progress made provides motivation to collect more data

and to incorporate it in planning future crop deployments.##We ve also started exchanging ideas and information with scientists facing related challenges such as herbicide resistance in weeds and resistance to drugs in bacteria HIV and cancer.#

when and how much water to apply to their crops, so they don run their irrigation systems unnecessarily.

and AEO Sound applications are used for image and audio processing, with batch processing of crop rotation and color correction all possible.

#Ethiopia Agriculture ministry rolls out specialized phone service for farmers The Ethiopian government has rolled out a new phone service that farmers can call to get information on crops in their native languages.

"The hotline administrator can'push'customized content (such as in cases of drought, pest and disease) to callers based on crop,

whether or not to plant crops, and when. Those who took the advice saved some $3. 8 million collectively i

exciting tech giants like Netflix and inspiring a whole new crop of innovative startups. What is reactive programming?

self-irrigating crops, and even aterlesscities. The earth atmosphere is a far more elegant water distribution system than rivers, reservoirs,

Moisture is harvested out of the air to irrigate crops through an efficient system that produces large amounts of condensation A turbine intake drives air underground through a network of piping that rapidly cools the air to the temperature of the soil where it reaches 100%humidity

and pumped to the roots of crops via sub surface drip irrigation hosing. Developed by Joe Ellsworth in Seattle,

So, the The Nature Conservancy (TNC) has joined forces with America beer brewers to change how farmer irrigate their crops.

#Robobees will pollinate crops instead of real bees As soon as 10 years from now these Robobees could artificially pollinate a field of crops.

The researchers believe that as soon as 10 years from now these Robobees could artificially pollinate a field of crops,

Honeybees alone contribute more than $15 billion in value to U s. agricultural crops each year. But Robobees are not yet a viable technological solution.

Will robot bees eventually be able to operate like honeybee hives to pollinate commercial crops? Ma:

and energy and improve crop yield. It takes advantage of the vertical space of city buildings rather than turning over wide expanses of land to agriculture and uses advanced greenhouse technology:

and environmental controls that regulate temperature, humidity and light to produce vegetables, fruits and other crops year-round.

Evidence is emerging that specific wavelengths of light have distinct effects on crop yield, quality, and even pest and disease resistance.

Sensors help agriculture by enabling real-time traceability and diagnosis of crop, livestock and farm machine states.

and maintain crops at the plant level. Engineering involves technologies that extend the reach of agriculture to new means, new places and new areas of the economy.

Crop sensors: Instead of prescribing field fertilization before application, high-resolution crop sensors inform application equipment of correct amounts needed.

Optical sensors or drones are able to identify crop health across the field (for example, by using infrared light).

Scientifically viable in 2015; mainstream in 2018; and financially viable in 2019. Infrastructural health sensors:

Further understanding of crop variability, geolocated weather data and precise sensors should allow improved automated decision-making and complementary planting techniques.

predict, cultivate and extract crops from the land with practically no human intervention. Small-scale implementations are already on the horizon.

including year-round crop production, protection from weather, support urban food autonomy and reduced transport costs. Scientifically viable in 2023;

Reaping the Benefits of Cover crops (Op-Ed) Margaret Mellon is a senior scientist for food and the environment at the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS.

Farmers planting crops that can't be sold doesn't sound like a sensible proposition does it?

buying planting and tending to so-called cover crops. No farmers can't sell cover crops but they do reap benefits from them including increased yields of cash crops like corn and soybeans.

Use of cover crops can also help farms survive the droughts expected to become more common in the era of climate change.

Cover crops which can be many species of grains grasses and legumes are planted usually in the interval between the harvesting and planting of cash crops.

Sending their roots down into bare soil cover crops can increase soil carbon provide slow-release nitrogen

and prevent erosion. But a cover-crop/cash crop system is complex. If not managed properly cover crops can deprive cash crops of water

or even reduce yields. Although they make sense in theory many have wondered how cover crops would work in the real world.

Now a new survey of commercial farmers has confirmed that cover crops increase yields in corn and soybeans the most common crops in the U s. Moreover cover crops were especially effective under drought conditions.

The North Central Sustainable agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program and the Conservation Technology Information center conducted the survey of more than 759 commercial farmers from winter 2012 through spring 2013.

Farmers who responded reported average increases of 11.1 bushels of corn per acre and 4. 9 bushels of soybeans per acre over prior harvests.

In percentage terms the extra bushels represent an average 9. 6-percent-greater yield in corn planted after the planting of cover crops compared with crops not preceded by cover crops.

The increase in soybeans was 11.6 percent. That's pretty impressive. The growers reported yield information from fields comparable in conditions and rotation except for the cover crops.

And the advantages for cash crops planted after cover crops were even greater in states hit hard by drought.

The states most affected by the severe 2012 drought were Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Missouri Nebraska and South dakota.

The 141 respondents from those states reported an average corn yield of 11.3 bushels per acre

which represented an 11 percent increase in crops grown after cover crops compared with those grown without them.

Respondents from the drought-affected states reported even greater benefits in soybeans: an average increase of 5. 7 bushels per acre or 14.3 percent higher yields after cover crops.

The farmers responding to the survey grew cover crops on an estimated 218000 acres in 36 states mostly in the Mississippi river basin.

Not surprisingly drought-related impacts varied across the country. But the results were solid: Farmers enjoyed better corn yields after cover crops in all but one of the states hardest hit by the drought.

Farmers expected to pay for the ecosystem services provided by cover crops and were willing to pay median costs of $25 an acre to purchase seeds and $15 an acre for cover-crop establishment (aerial distribution of seed and the eventual killing of the plants at the end of the growing season).

Farmers interested in cover crops need to decide which species to use how and when to plant them

and whether to plant single or multispecies mixes. If the wrong decisions are made cover crops might not deliver on their potential benefits

or may even be detrimental. The survey respondents reported a long list of challenges including cover-crop seed availability increased insect potential

and the risk of cover crops using too much soil moisture. Despite the challenges the surveyed farmers had increased steadily their use of cover crops over the last decade.

Last winter they reported planting cover crops on an average of 42 percent of their acreage

and planned to increase their cover-crop acreage this coming winter. The complexity of the system may explain the correlation between yield increases

and experience using cover crops. Growers with more than three years of experience working with cover crops saw a 9. 6 percent increase in corn yields

whereas growers with one to three years of experience reported a still respectable but lower 6. 1 percent boost in corn.

A complete drought tolerant package would include appropriate crop choices and specially bred varieties of crops as well as a drought tolerant system.

The crop-centered approach to drought was discussed by my colleague Doug Gurian-Sherman in hisrecent report High and Dry.

In addition to highlighting the availability of crops like sorghum and alfalfa that are inherently more drought tolerant

and might be used more often in U s. agriculture Doug also discussed the success of conventional corn breeders who have increased drought tolerance at a steady pace of 1 percent per year over decades.

However successful crop genetics might be new plant varieties cannot compensate for the deficiencies in systems.

Cover crops can do that and so much more. This article was adapted from Cover crops Dramatically Increase Corn Yields specially In Drought Conditionson the UCS blog The Equation.

The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.

Unfortunately about half of the world's food is consumed never due to inefficiencies in the harvesting storage and delivery of crops.

Certainly weather-related events like the current and long-lasting drought in portions of the U s. add further complexity to the science of farming as resultant crop damage food supply shortages

While collecting real-time data on weather soil health of crops and air quality is important as is the availability of equipment

Precision agriculture can help farmers from Brunei to Brazil pinpoint the best time for harvesting to mitigate crop damage and loss;

and show how and when to deploy delivery trucks to ensure immediate shipment an especially important factor in farmlands where the lack of paved roads can paralyze distribution.

Those and other smarter farming methods including techniques used early in the growing cycle are reducing weather-related crop damage by as much as 25 percent in some areas ensuring that fewer crops are wasted

According to the U s. Department of agriculture weather-related incidents cause 90 percent of all crop losses. Precision agriculture helps address that problem by improving weather forecasting

Getting more crop per drop not only improves farm productivity but provides enough return on investment to fund additional high-tech solutions.

According to the Food and agriculture organization of the united nations global animal agriculture produces vast amounts of crops to feed billions of farm animals long before they are consumed themselves.

Raising animals for food also includes feed-crop production which requires extensive water energy and chemical use as well as energy for transporting that feed live animals and animal products.

but sterile ash that can be used to fertilize crops. Referring to the Omniprocessor as a lean repository for human waste,

and policymakers to improve degraded soils and increase crop production. The map will be made from satellite measurements of soil nutrients, moisture and organic matter.

and more than 90%of coffee crops were wiped out in those regions. Faced with an economic catastrophe

Jalas and the way he works represent a new and mostly untapped market for a new crop of genetics interpretation and analysis firms,

Today, hundreds of companies worldwide are making drones for infrastructure inspection, crop-and livestock-monitoring,

If a company decides to use a surveillance drone for crop management, for instance, it can easily add software that stitches together different images to determine which areas of a field are overwatered

viewing companies that monitor crops and infrastructure with drones that require specific cameras and sensors as potential early customers.

and other crop problems mean income can be quite irregular for millions of Kenyans; as a result, they don know how much money they will make,

The current iteration of the 6-horsepower thresher which has evolved extensively after years of field-testing is wheeled a cylinder thresher that can both be adjusted to handle a variety of crops.

The flies are a major pest to olive crops. The idea is that the flies all male will mate with wild olive fruit flies.

but#it will also require existing farmland to be far more productive. If current trends continue to 2050#farmland will grow by only 20 percent

but fertilizer and pesticide use will more than double. To feed a hungry growing world agricultural ecologists need to know who will be eating more meat and where.#

An associate professor of food safety and plant biosecurity at Virgina Tech Schmale sends drones armed with petri dishes into the atmosphere to capture airborne crop pathogens.

He's planning to adapt his model to predict the movement of plant pathogens which could help farmers preemptively protect their crops by describing where to strategically deploy pesticides.

That's the case for crops, which are plentifully regrown. On the other hand fossil fuel-produced carbon dioxide is considered different

When ants came, crop yields often improved, the team concludes online today in the Journal of Applied Ecology.

which could have applications such as spraying on crops or disinfecting food, as well as treating human disease.

#Bacterial raincoat discovery paves way to better crop protection Researchers have discovered how communities of beneficial bacteria form a waterproof coating on the roots of plants,

With a rising global population leading to increased pressure on food resources, it is becoming ever more essential that crop breeding programmes work to enhance the security of global food sources.

Crop breeding programmes can make use of this genetic information to ensure that the preferred trait is inherited by future crop yields,

As an open access tool, researchers and crop breeders can submit their own data to Polymarker

and the online tool will return suggested design primers to identify genetic variations that tag vital traits in their crop samples,

Outside of seed genetics and crop inputs, most other Agtech was bundled typically with Cleantech. Then, in 2013, there was a shift.

Rates of yield increases for major crops have been trending negatively on a 10-year curve at the very time that global forces of population growth, prosperity,

experts predict that we will need to double global crop production over the next 35 years. With demand outstripping supply since the emergence of China starting in the mid 1990s,

French drone company Delta Drone showed of its drone capabilities for surveying farmland and dig sites using flight plans generated Airware Ground Control Station.

and change targeted genes in human cells, mice, rats, zebrafish, bacteria, fruit flies, yeast, worms and even crops.

and their waste appeared to be safe to use as soil for crops. Researchers, including Wu,

and their waste appeared to be safe to use as soil for crops. Researchers, including Wu,

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tonnes per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

Today, however, no rational young scientist interested in molecular techniques of crop breeding would choose a base in Continental Europe.

Imports are preferred to European crops partly because biotech traits make them cheaper. Yet these same traits such as herbicide tolerance and insect resistance are barred now widely from domestic use.

since it won allow genetically modified insect-resistant crops to be grown. The data is clear:

But a 2011 survey estimated that European farmersfailure to adopt G. M. crops had resulted in lost revenue of between 500 million and one billion euros per year.

Russia has proclaimed proudly a prohibition on G. M. O. crops. So has Zimbabwe where anti-Western conspiracy theories about biotech companies have become part of the ruling party ideology.

I was interrupted by an organic farmer who said he was determined never to grow biotech crops. His grounds?

because cassava crops were wiped out by brown-streak disease. That was particularly painful because in neighboring Uganda

"If you know you are producing a crop that is not tolerated well by people, then it's the right thing to do,

for creating new strains of crops and livestock. Indeed, because, like CRISPR-Cas9 it does not involve taking genes from one organism

Tomatoes are a high yielding crop--producing up to 500 tonnes per hectare in countries delivering the highest yields (FAOSTAT 2013)

"Professor Waterhouse, a molecular geneticist with QUT's Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, said scientists could use this discovery to investigate other niche

'nude'versions of crop plants could also speed up agricultural research, "he said. Professor Waterhouse said the fact that the N. benthamiana variety from central Australia had doubled its seed size also opened the door for investigations into how N. benthamiana could be used commercially as a biofactory,

what we know about the domestication of the crop. his latest genomic information and the potential to introduce as yet unused wild barley traits may offer great new potential in our barley breeding programs,

or retains it in the ear. he Japanese geneticists found that the cell walls were much thinner in brittle crop and much thicker in non-brittle crop.

several regions will likely see yield losses for heat-sensitive commodity crops like cotton and corn, with potentially high economic costs,

Not unlike the other commodities exchange, this platform will allow cannabis farmers to lock in prices for their crops

farmers could send machines into their fields to inspect the crops, said Georgia Tech doctoral candidate Yancy Diaz-Mercado,

while the green gives the crops a less alien appearance. The seeds themselves are embedded in rooting"pillows"that take the place of soil for root growth and retaining water.

However, a carefully selected crop of plants can cut the supply list by recycling air and waste to produce fresh air, water,

A first crop was grown in May of 2014 over a 33 day period, but these were preserved

The second crop was started on July 8 and also harvested after 33 days. One reason the portions for Monday's meal were so small is that half of the tiny crop

along with their root pillows were bagged and preserved for later transportation to Earth, where they will be subjected to scientific analysis. According to NASA,

but the results from the first crop have been positive. The hope is that the experiment will help scientists to gain a better understanding of how to grow plants in a completely artificial environment.

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