2015nanocrystalline Thin-film Solar cells July 15th, 2015better memory with faster lasers July 14th, 2015cancer Nanospheres shield chemo drugs,
Duke university researchers add a drug delivery mechanism to a nanoparticle therapy already proven to target,
Researchers from Polytechnique Montral and Imperial College London demonstrate the wavelike quantum behavior of a polariton condensate on a macroscopic scale and at room temperature July 14th, 2015nanospheres shield chemo drugs,
2015nanomedicine Agilent technologies and A*STAR's Bioprocessing Technology Institute Collaborate on New Bioanalytical Methodologies July 15th, 2015nanospheres shield chemo drugs,
Duke university researchers add a drug delivery mechanism to a nanoparticle therapy already proven to target,
2015patents/IP/Tech Transfer/Licensing Nanospheres shield chemo drugs, safely release high doses in response to tumor secretions July 14th,
including increasing the self-cleaning, antibacterial, antifungal, acidic and alkaline resistance. This objective was achieved by creating a homogenous coating made of a nanocomposite of zinc oxide/nitrogen silver (N-Ag/Zno) on the fabrics.
and only one therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. While most of these vaccines are created with dendritic cells,
showed applying small quantities of antibiotic to the surface of medical devices, from small dental implants to hip replacements, could protect patients from serious infection.
the risk of deep bone infection is reduced substantially. ur research shows that applying small quantities of antibiotic to a surface between the polymer layers
The study, funded by the European commission and the UK Engineering and Physical sciences Research Council, is published in Acta Biomaterialia("Functionalised nanoscale coatings using layer-by-layer assembly for imparting antibacterial properties to polylactide
Since the advent of biotechnology, researchers have modified bacteria to produce therapeutic drugs or antibiotics. In this novel study
chemicals and drugs any substance that someone wants to track closely and then detected using an optical readout device e
and to measure changes in those signals as they administered cardio-or neuro-stimulating drugs."
Gutruf said the research used zinc oxide-present in most sunscreens as a fine powder mixed into a lotion-as the UV sensing material.
#Mimicking the body on a chip for new drug testing Scientists in an EU-supported project have developed a microfluidic chip that simultaneously analyses the reactions of several human organ tissues
when they come into contact with candidates for new drugs. The ground-breaking device could save millions of euros in drug development costs.
One of the biggest challenges for pharmaceutical companies is reducing the multi-million-euro cost of drug development
and shortening the time to market of medicines in order to fully exploit them before patents run out.
called Body-on-a-Chip (BOC), replacing the 2d cell culture conventionally used for drugs testing with a multi-tissue device that better mimics real-life conditions in the body, by combining several organ
and their effectiveness prior to formal clinical testing. he pharma industry loses a lot of money by keeping drug candidates in the development process for too long,
only to find out at a late stage that the drug is not working, explained BOC coordinator, Dr Jan Lichtenberg,
They want to know the drug toxic liability as soon as possible to eliminate failures from their programme,
Understanding the long-term toxicity of drugs Traditionally the potential harmfulness of drugs has been tested on cells grown on plates in a 2d format.
The drug being tested passes in a nutrient solution across these various compartmentalised rgansand the plate is connected with analytical methods such as mass spectroscopy to analyse the drug metabolites produced.
The BOC allows these drug metabolites to be identified and their effect on other tissues studied.
and more commonly used drugs known to be toxic to the liver such as paracetamol, were passed over these tissues to test the device worked correctly.
as well as screening and translation of new classes of drugs, Singh said g
#3d potential through laser annihilation (Nanowerk News) Whether in the pages of H g wells, the serial adventures of Flash gordon,
By contrast, the team's previous research showed the drug was effective in preventing atherosclerosis
the nano-packaged drug improved physiologic outcomes among animals with heart muscle thickening and pumping dysfunction, the hallmarks of advanced disease."
or break a drug, "says lead investigator Subroto Chatterjee, Ph d.,a professor of medicine and pediatrics at the Johns hopkins university School of medicine and a metabolism expert at its Heart and Vascular Institute."
"In our study, the right packaging vastly improved the drug's performance and its ability not merely to prevent disease
stems from fast uptake by various tissues and organs and from the slow clearance of the encapsulated form of the drug.
Next, to observe how quickly the body broke down the nano-wrapped and the original forms of the drug,
The kidneys are the final stop on most drugs'journey inside the body just before they are cleared through urine.
and cholesterol levels as did treated animals with free-floating forms of the drug. However, animals treated with the free-floating form of D-PDMP required 10 times higher doses to achieve GSL
and cholesterol levels observed in mice given the nano-encapsulated form of the drug. When scientists measured the thickness of the animals'aortas--the body's largest vessel responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body--they observed stark differences among the groups they say.
Mice treated with either version of the drug fared better, but animals that got the encapsulated form of the drug had aortas nearly indistinguishable from the aortas of healthy mice fed a regular diet, according to researchers.
Most strikingly, they reported, D-PDMP treatment improved heart function in mice with advanced forms of atherosclerotic heart disease, marked by heart muscle thickening
and pumping ability improved in animals that received treatment with the encapsulated form of the drug,
However, mice given non-encapsulated drug required 10 times higher doses to achieve similar benefits.
Researchers say their next step is to test how the drug performs in larger mammals.
or proteins that could be targeted by drugs, eventually leading to new medicines to fight cancer r
and pills now needed to treat chronic diseases: Earlier this month, MIT spinout Microchips Biotech partnered with a pharmaceutical giant to commercialize its wirelessly controlled, implantable,
and osteoporosis. Michael Cima (left) and Robert Langer Now Microchips Biotech will begin co-developing microchips with Teva Pharmaceutical, the worlds largest producer of generic drugs,
Wouldnt this be a great way to make a drug-delivery system? Langer says. He brought this idea to Cima,
and somewhat fantastical, applications beyond drug delivery, including disease diagnostics and jewelry that could emit scents.
Any intense heat during final assembly, with hermetic sealing, could destroy the drugs already loaded into the reservoirs
yet carry the same volume of drugs. This means making the drugs take up more volume than the electrical and other components
he says. Thats the next major challenge e
#Researchers introduce new layered semiconducting materials as silicon alternative (Nanowerk News) When the new iphone came out,
for the first time revealing details about how deactivation of a key protein may lead to metastasis. The new findings also are providing evidence for the mechanisms involved in a cell's response to anticancer drugs,
and our previous findings that there might be a mechanical signature to drug resistance. Advanced models allow researchers to convert AFM data into properties about the cells internal scaffolding,
break open, and release the anticancer drug under the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment and in tumor-cell endosomes and lysosomes,
although the drug-carrying nanoparticles could bind to the variant CD44 receptors on cancerous mammosphere cells,
This achievement will also contribute to accelerating the research applications of RNAI such as to the development of RNA-based next-generation drugs,
#A new approach to develop highly-potent drugs A new study led by University of Kentucky researchers suggests a new approach to develop highly-potent drugs
which could overcome current shortcomings of low drug efficacy and multi-drug resistance in the treatment of cancer as well as viral and bacterial infections.
Published in Nanomedicine("New approach to develop ultra-high inhibitory drug using the power function of the stoichiometry of the targeted nanomachine or biocomplex),
thus reducing or possibly even eliminating their resistance to targeted drugs. The study was led by Peixuan Guo, director of UK's Nanobiotechnology Center and one of the top nanobiotechnology experts in the world.
"Efficacy is the key in drug development, Guo said.""Inhibiting multisubunit targets works similar to the series-circuit Christmas decorating light chains;
multiple drugs are needed not, as well). Using this method, a single subunit targeting to the target RNA or protein subunits that is unique and assenting for the organism,
or die and thus, no longer able to cause disease. ne of the vexing problems in the development of drugs is drug resistance,
He is well-known for his pioneering work of constructing RNA nanoparticles as drug carriers u
the antimalarial garment can be worn during the day to provide extra protection and does not dissipate like skin-based repellants.
biomedical scientists have developed drugs with nanogold to target malignant tumours. The nanogold attracts light emitted from laser therapies
and environmentally benign method to combat bacteria by engineering nanoscale particles that add the antimicrobial potency of silver to a core of lignin,
greener and safer nanotechnology and could lead to enhanced efficiency of antimicrobial products used in agriculture and personal care.
In a study published in Nature Nanotechnology("An environmentally benign antimicrobial nanoparticle based on a silver-infused lignin core),
People have been interested in using silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial purposes, but there are lingering concerns about their environmental impact due to the long-term effects of the used metal nanoparticles released in the environment,
and environmentally responsible method to make effective antimicrobials with biomaterial cores. The researchers used the nanoparticles to attack E coli
We may include less of the antimicrobial ingredient without losing effectiveness while at the same time using an inexpensive technique that has a lower environmental burden.
They initially sought to develop nanoparticles that could be used to deliver drugs to cancer cells. Brandl had synthesized previously polymers that could be cleaved apart by exposure to UV LIGHT.
But he and Bertrand came to question their suitability for drug delivery, since UV LIGHT can be damaging to tissue and cells,
and approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a food additive, and polylactic acid, a biodegradable plastic used in compostable cups and glassware.
The study also suggests the broader potential for adapting nanoscale drug-delivery techniques developed for use in environmental remediation. hat we can apply some of the highly sophisticated,
"More specifically, it is a drug delivery system (DDS) whereby a nano-level contrast agent (Gd)- DTPA is prepared,
which can reduce the amount of drugs needed d
#Magnetic material unnecessary to create spin current (Nanowerk News) It doesn't happen often that a young scientist makes a significant and unexpected discovery,
#New material opens possibilities for super-long-acting pills (Nanowerk News) Medical devices designed to reside in the stomach have a variety of applications,
including prolonged drug delivery, electronic monitoring, and weight-loss intervention. However, these devices, often created with nondegradable elastic polymers, bear an inherent risk of intestinal obstruction as a result of accidental fracture or migration.
including orally delivered capsules that can release drugs over a number of days, weeks, or potentially months following a single administration.
or extended-release drug-delivery systems that could last for weeks or months after a single administration.
which could release drugs or small devices for monitoring and imaging the GI TRACT, says Edith Mathiowitz,
In particular, the authors say they are excited for the drug-delivery applications of this technology. With further work in adjusting the polymer composition or the design of the system
they say that they could tailor devices to release drugs over a specific timeframe of up to weeks or months at a time.
MIT is negotiating an exclusive license agreement with Lyndra, an early-stage biotechnology company developing novel oral drug-delivery systems, for this and other related technologies.
Im delighted to see these new oral systems provide an opportunity that Ive not seen previously enabling patients to swallow a single pill that can then act for whatever length of time is desired,
Special delivery for the gut"),Traverso and Langer wrote that the GI TRACT is an area rife with opportunity for prolonged drug delivery in tackling this global health problem.
which can be used to create extended-release systems via swallowable pills, they envision an emerging field of orally delivered devices that can maximize adherence and therapeutic efficacy y
The engineered ribosome may enable the production of new drugs and next-generation biomaterials and lead to a better understanding of how ribosomes function.
who then pass these drugs on to their unwitting patients.""The first few months of breastfeeding are highly dependent on the delivery hospital experience
#Promising antibiotic discovered in microbial ark matteran antibiotic with the ability to vanquish drug-resistant pathogens has been discovered through a soil bacterium found just beneath the surface of a grassy field in Maine.
Although the new antibiotic has yet to be tested in people, there are signs that pathogens will be slow to evolve resistance to it.
Massachusetts, report that the antibiotic, which they have named teixobactin, was active against the deadly bacterium MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in mice,
it may prove to be needed a much triumph in the war against antibiotic-resistance. The device used to discover teixobactin is generating excitement also
because it has the potential to reveal further undiscovered antibiotics: it enables'unculturable'microbes to thrive in the lab,
The news comes amid continuing warnings from public-health experts about the dangers of antibiotic resistance.
In 2014, the World health organization declared that the post-antibiotic era a time in which people could die from ordinary infections
and in 2013, there were 480,000 new cases of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis worldwide, a condition that requires treatment with increasingly toxic drugs.
Treasure hunt Many of the most successful antibiotics were found in the mid-twentieth century by scientists who trawled microbial communities for bacteria capable of killing their brethren.
But the researchers missed the type that produces teixobactin, Eleftheria terrae, plus many other potential candidates known collectively as microbial ark matterbecause of their reluctance to adapt to life on a petri dish.
That search yielded 25 potential antibiotics, says Lewis, but teixobactin is the most attractive candidate so far.
Unusually for an antibiotic teixobactin is thought to attack microbes by binding to fatty lipids that make up the bacterial cell wall,
By comparison, most antibiotics target proteins and it can be relatively easy for a microbe to become resistant to those drugs by accumulating mutations that alter the target protein shape.
says Wright. don believe there such a thing as an irresistible antibiotic, he says. ut I do believe that certain antibiotics have a low frequency of resistance.
Promising properties As well as MRSA Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis, was among the bacteria that teixobactin killed.
But medical microbiologist Timothy Walsh of Cardiff University, UK, urges caution because the drug has been tested against only a small number of lab strains.
Massachusetts, that specializes in antibiotic development. oxicity is still the leading cause of failure in turning a potential antibiotic drug into a real drug,
which has evolved resistance to all known antibiotics. Walsh, however, is hopeful that the ichip technique will yield new solutions to the Gram-negative problem. t could be that these ichip systems will grow bacteria that can actually produce new drugs to take out the very resistant and very pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria.
About a decade ago, Cubist tried its hand at mining microbial dark matter, says Eisenstein. The company gave up the hunt
and screening for new drugs to overcome PICALM deficiency e
#DNA Breakage Underlies Learning and Age Related Neurodegeneration The process that allows our brains to learn
-or neuro-stimulating drugs. e were able to demonstrate that we could make this scaffold and culture cells within it,
The finding paves the way to a whole new approach for finding a drug that can cure
which can be blocked by existing drugs. Alex Parker team is already actively testing drugs that have been approved previously by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of such disorders as rheumatoid arthritis
to see if they work with ALS. Obstacles still remain, however, before finding a remedy for curing
so these findings tell us there are important questions raised for human pain drug development. The discovery comes as there is increased attention to the inclusion of female animals and cells in preclinical research.
The herpes-based drug is called T-VEC and has already been sent to the US Food
and Drug Administration and the European Medical Agency for approval and researchers hope it will be available for consumers as early as next year.
Over 16 per cent of patients responded positively to the drug after more than six months,
Hopes for such fake DNA range from developing new drugs to creating artificial life. In 2006, Benner and his colleagues built two bases,
which is so deadly partly because of its limited treatment options, with few new and effective drugs and therapies available l
may be useful for testing new drugs or monitoring diseases. We've levitated living things using magnets before,
and E coli and yeast die one by one from antibiotics and antifungals, respectively. Understanding the varied responses of cells could be a great boon to testing out new drugs and diagnosing diseases,
they say. The technique, like others to measure cell density, comes with strengths and weaknesses."
"We've failed so far to find drugs to treat diarrhea using cell culture models
"We think this could be a real step forward in terms of reducing waste-of-time drug development, "Donowitz says.
and Drug Administration have also been looking into the process. The United Mitochondrial Disease Foundation estimates that from 1000 to 4000 American children are born each year with a mitochondrial disease e
The results also suggests that a drug to help the body seal up leaky blood vessels could delay
Viruses there contaminated a plant where bacteria were used to make drugs for two rare genetic disorders, Gaucher disease and Fabry disease, cutting off supplies.
because there was nothing that could protect people against Ebola no drug, vaccine or medicine,"says Dr. Marie-Paule Kieny, assistant director-general for health systems and innovation at the World health organization,
preliminary results of this vaccine trial from Guinea,"says Dr. Jesse Goodman, an infectious disease specialist at Georgetown University, who once led vaccine development at the U s. Food and Drug Administration.
and Drug Administration initially wanted to take a"watch and wait"approach when told about the project."
The terahertz technology may also prove useful in discovering concealed goods in the retail industry or for non-destructive monitoring, for example quality control in drugs or food.
Nivolumab is among the set of drugs known as heckpoint inhibitorsthat are developed by a number of pharmaceutical companies.
Those drugs stop cancers by turning off the immune system of human so that it could keep on attacking the harmful tumor.
and drug protocols that can navigate all the inherent complexity of not just the anatomy and physiology being imaged,
Doppler OCT Measures Cocaine Impact on Brain Drugs Enhance SPECT Imaging of Metastatic Cancer Compact Imaging,
"We recognized that the microscopy part of the drug development pipeline was much slower than it could be designed
and experimental drugs is essential for pharmaceutical research and particularly for cancer treatment. To demonstrate their design, the researchers applied fluorescent dyes to specific molecules within a cell sample.
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that medical device company Wicab is allowed to market a new device that will help the blind ee.
Though the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been slow to approve new sunscreens in the past, Chemical and Engineering News notes,
the researchers gave them a drug called buspirone, which had been found to induce leg movement in mice with spinal cord injuries, during the final four weeks of the study.
while on the drug, were able to voluntarily move their legs without needing stimulation. Edgerton thinks they were able to achieve this so quickly
The research used zinc oxide (an inorganic compound found in most sunscreens as a fine powder mixed into a lotion) as the UV sensing material,
Neuroscientists have until now been limited to injecting drugs through larger tubes and delivering photostimulation through fiber-optic cables, both
or cannulas, scientists typically use to inject drugs. The device is mounted to the head of the mouse
and contains tiny reservoirs filled with the drugs to be administered during tests. In one such experiment, mice were made to walk in circles after a drug that mimics morphine was injected into the region of the mouse's brain that controls motivation and addiction.
In other tests the scientists used a technique known as optogenetics, where mice have been modified so that their neurons are lights sensitive,
which include the painkiller drugs morphine and codeine, has been discovered. The gene, called STORR, is only found in poppy species that produce morphinans.
The resulting gene fusion plays a key role in production of morphine. The researchers hope this will enable the breeding of bespoke poppy varieties
Discovery of the STORR gene completes the set of genes needed for genetic engineering of morphine production in microbes such as yeast.
The scientists identified poppy plants that were not able to produce morphine or codeine but instead accumulated another compound called (S)- reticuline.
These mutations cause a roadblock in the pathway to morphine production in poppy plants. The scientists were able to show that the non-mutated wild type gene can overcome the roadblock
The naturally occurring opiates of the morphinan class of alkaloids include morphine, codeine and thebaine.
Morphine and codeine can be used directly as analgesic painkillers. Thebaine is used widely as the starting point for synthesis of a number of semisynthetic opiates including hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, and oxymorphone.
#Old antibiotic altered to fight six types of drug-resistant bacteria With antbiotic use becoming more widespread and frequent than ever before,
many forms of bacteria are developing a resistance to these drugs, and it become one of the biggest challenges facing public health today.
ineffective antibiotics could be altered to fight this global problem. Researchers in the US have found that
if they slightly modify an old antibiotic, it could be made effective again in treating six different drug-resistant bacteria that cause various respiratory and sexually transmitted diseases.
The antibiotic called spectinomycin, was developed originally as a treatment for gonorrhoea. It worked by interrupting how cells create proteins,
which was supposed to halt the growth of the bacteria. The thing was, while the drug was safe,
it wasn all that effective, so was removed eventually from the market. More recently, researchers at St jude Children Research Hospital in Memphis revisited the drug,
with an interest in increasing its potency. They were looking specifically at how the drug binds itself to the part of a cell that synthesises proteins, known as the ribosome.
They found that by substituting a benzyl molecule into the antibiotic it could more easily bind to the cell ribosomes to fight a range of bacterial infections. his study demonstrates how classic antibiotics derived from natural products can be redesigned to create semisynthetic compounds to overcome drug resistance, one of the team,
biological chemist Richard Lee, said in a press release. The team went on to develop six compounds that form a new class of antibiotics called aminomethyl spectinomycins.
Further testing showed that these new compounds were effective against a range of bacteria, including"a particularly resistant strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae that resists many existing drugs they report.
The antibiotics also were effective in treating five other bacteria that cause the sexually transmitted diseases gonorrhoea and chlamydia
as well as respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and influenza. Publishing the results in Science Translational Medicine, the team observed no serious side effects.
Studies on mice and rats showed the drug could also be used to prolong survival in particularly severe pneumonia,
while previous research published last year in Nature Medicine has shown this class of drugs could also be effective in treating tuberculosis.
The particular variety-known as 1599-appears to be just as effective as current TB drugs on the market,
#Drug based on herpes successfully treats skin cancer patients A modified version of the herpes virus has been used to treat skin cancer patients,
The herpes-based drug, named Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC), has proven so effective, Harrington and his team hope to see it on the market by 2016.
The drug is administered once every two weeks for up to 18 months and while participants in the trial received flu-like side effects after the first few injections, this was far preferable to the side effects that come with chemotherapy drugs.
Of those who took the T-VEC drug, 10 percent of the patients were in'complete remission',
But the drug worked on a quarter of them, even if the cancer had spread to various other organs in the body."
"The team will continue to test out the drug on other forms of cancer through clinical trials,
#A new drug has been found that fast-tracks tissue regeneration In news that sounds like it come straight out of science fiction,
researchers in the US have discovered a drug that rapidly repairs damage to the colon, liver and bone marrow in mice, without any adverse side effects.
The drug hasn been tested on people just yet, but the team are now working on developing it for human use within the next three years,
"We have developed a drug that acts like a vitamin for tissue stem cells, stimulating their ability to repair tissues more quickly."
the team will first look at trialling the drugs in patients have ulcerative colitis, or are about to undergo bone marrow transplants
"The drug heals damage in multiple tissues, which suggests to us that it may have applications in treating many diseases,
The drug, which goes by the un-catchy name of W033291 works by enabling a natural molecule in the body known as prostaglandin E2, or PGE2.
which means it has promise to work as a drug.""Further tests showed that not only did the drug inactivate 15-PGDH in the lab,
it also worked when injected into animal models. In fact, mice given SW033291 recovered normal blood counts after bone marrow transplants six days faster than mice that weren treated.
The drug also almost completely healed mice with ulcers in their colon, and helped mice that had had parts of their liver removed regrow the tissue nearly twice as fast as the control group.
Most impressively, the team tested out the drug on mice that had received lethal doses of radiation before being given a partial bone marrow transplant.
even when extremely high doses of the drug were tested. The next step is to perform safety studies in larger animals.
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