and suggest future avenues for developing effective cancer treatments. ost of the drugs we use to fight cancer are designed to kill cancerous cells.
But the researchers are looking into ways they can use drug treatments and other approaches to restore Apc function,
"That clinical use involves the carbon spheres being coated with polymer-a polymer that can gradually release drugs into the system to fight cancer and other diseases.
the microwave-produced nanoparticles are effective in delivering the drugs where they're needed, and vibrational spectroscopic techniques were used to monitor how the polymers gradually released their payload.
The researchers ran a series of different experiments to check the temperatures required for the drugs to disperse,
"This is a versatile platform to carry a multitude of drugs-for melanoma, for other kinds of cancers and for other diseases,"says Rohit Bhargava."
You can load it with two drugs, or three, or four, so you can do multidrug therapy with the same particles."
The Argus II received limited Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2013, but this clinical trial set out to show that the device could be used more broadly by testing it over three years.
which is not only responsible for the high associated with the drug-plus hallucinations, delusions, memory loss, and feelings of anxiety or calm-it also been shown to slow tumour growth in mice.
And now, scientists have figured out that the mechanisms by which the drug delivers its desired medical effects
This new research demonstrates how some of the drug's beneficial effects can be separated from its unwanted side effects."
the researchers figured out that negative psychological side-effects of the drug, such as memory defects, mood swings, anxiety,
and paranoia, were triggered by a single pathway in the brain that was separate from the pathway that triggers the drug cancer-killing properties.
In an effort to better understand the drug ability to cause these negative effects, the team isolated this particular pathway
which suggested that the drug was acting on both at the same time. To figure out what effect this was having,
"For me, the ideal drug would be in one of two scenarios: a drug that does not recognise the THC cannabinoid receptor when near serotonin,
or alternatively a drug you could add with THC that would provide that Chinese wall between the two,
"he told Wired d
#New blood test can detect the early stages of pancreatic cancer An international team of researchers has developed a simple blood test that has so far been 100 percent accurate in detecting pancreatic cancer in its early stages.
During the final four weeks of training, the men were given also a drug called buspirone,
which was supported by the drug firm Merck, THE WHO and the Canadian, Norwegian and Guinean governments, is now continuing in children between the ages of 13 and 17.
Because of this developing drugs that prevent BACE1 from cleaving APP is a central focus of Alzheimer's research.
While knocking out Gnt-III is feasible in mice a drug that inhibits Gnt-III in the brain has the potential to be an effective treatment for reducing A?
Towards this end Kizuka and colleagues are using a novel screening procedure in collaboration with the RIKEN Program for Drug discovery and Medical Technology Platforms to search for Gnt-III inhibitors s
researchers can deliver chemicals, drugs, and DNA directly into a single cell. But existing electroporation methods require high electric field strengths
and who supports medical research as well as resulting patents publications and new drug and device approvals.
Industry reduced early-stage research favoring medical devices bioengineered drugs and late-stage clinical trials particularly for cancer and rare diseases.
#More clues to how drug reverses obesity diabetes fatty liver disease In addition to illuminating how the drug amlexanox reverses obesity diabetes
and fatty liver disease the findings suggest a new pathway for future treatments. The research was published Jan 12 in Nature Communications.
Investigators in the lab of Alan Saltiel the Mary Sue Coleman Director of U-M's Life sciences Institute had discovered previously that this drug
and insulin resistance in part by resolving chronic inflammation and increasing energy expenditure but that's not the whole story of the drug's effects said Shannon Reilly first author of the study.
Understanding how the drug also enables crosstalk between fat cells and the liver in obese mice allows us to see more of the amlexanox picture
In 2013 the researchers discovered that amlexanox an off-patent drug currently prescribed for the treatment of asthma and other uses reversed obesity diabetes and fatty liver in mice.
#Mechanism leading to drug resistance metastasis in melanoma patients discovered Moffitt Cancer Center researchers have discovered a mechanism that leads to resistance to targeted therapy in melanoma patients
when compared to the adverse effects of standard chemotherapeutic drugs. However, patients often develop resistance to these targeted therapies,
Drugs that target B-Raf or another protein in the same network called MEK have proved effective in clinical trials.
Moffitt researchers found that patients who are on B-Raf inhibitor drugs develop more new metastases than patients who are on standard chemotherapy.
or MEK inhibitor drugs reversed the cells'aggressive behavior.""This suggests that alternate dose scheduling where B-Raf
This suggests that drugs that target Epha2 may prevent the development of new disease in patients who receive B-Raf and B-Raf/MEK inhibitor therapy.
#Newly discovered antibiotic kills pathogens without resistance For years, pathogens'resis tance to antibi otics has put them one step ahead of researchers,
the team's work could lead to iden ti fying"other'resistance-`light'antibiotics.""""The researchers')work offers hope that inno va tion
the research team hopes to develop teixobactin into a drug. In 2013, Lewis revealed ground breaking research in a sep a rate paper pub lished By nature that pre sented a novel approach to treat and elim
which could lead to new drug design for psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, has been discovered by researchers at Georgia State university.
and we also open up avenues for others to design specific drugs to target this pathway,
So if you want to design a drug, your best bet is to try and make something that looks very similar to this
That's a general strategy for drug design. You want to try and make drugs that look very similar to transition states.
developing a drug to target it could potentially impact multiple cancers. A compound to target Bub1 has been developed
or in the development of model systems to study diseases and test drugs. Stem cell technology is quickly advancing
and the Vitamin d receptor (VDR)--that play a key role in insulin resistance, providing some of the first evidence that changes in the cellular nucleus underlie the condition and offering a promising new route for the development of drug
HIV antiviral therapy prevents active HIV cells from replicating and doesn't affect the quiet viruses in sleeping T-cells.
#Predicting superbugs'countermoves to new drugs New drugs are needed desperately but so are ways to maximize the effective lifespan of these drugs.
To accomplish that Duke university researchers used software they developed to predict a constantly-evolving infectious bacterium's countermoves to one of these new drugs ahead of time before the drug is tested even on patients.
In a study appearing in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the team used their program to identify the genetic changes that will allow methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
or MRSA to develop resistance to a class of new experimental drugs that show promise against the deadly bug.
When the researchers treated live bacteria with the new drug two of the genetic changes actually arose just as their algorithm predicted.
This gives us a window into the future to see what bacteria will do to evade drugs that we design before a drug is deployed said co-author Bruce Donald a professor of computer science and biochemistry at Duke.
Developing preemptive strategies while the drugs are still in the design phase will give scientists a head start on the next line of compounds that will be effective despite the germ's resistance mutations.
If we can somehow predict how bacteria might respond to a particular drug ahead of time we can change the drug
and dividing from one cell to two in less than an hour--drug-resistant bacteria are constantly evolving
Since the first antibacterial drugs were introduced in the 1940s bacteria have evolved ways to resist every new antibiotic that has been developed--a process that has been accelerated by the use of antibiotics in livestock to help them gain weight
and in humans to treat viral infections that antibiotics are powerless to cure. My kids are now 15 and 13
and some of the antibiotics they were given when they were little aren't given anymore
For some antibiotics the first drug-resistant bacterial strains don't appear for decades after the drug is introduced
Until now scientists trying to predict the genetic changes that would enable a bacterium to evade a particular drug have had to look up possible mutations from libraries of resistance mutations that have been observed previously.
But this approach falls short when it comes to anticipating how bacteria will adapt to new drugs where the microbes can't be counted on to change in repeatable predictable ways Donald said.
With a new drug there is always the possibility that the organism will develop different mutations that had never been seen before.
and Amy Anderson at the University of Connecticut used a protein design algorithm they developed called OSPREY to identify DNA sequence changes in the bacteria that would enable the resulting protein to block the drug from binding
The team focused on a new class of experimental drugs that work by binding and inhibiting a bacterial enzyme called dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)
The drugs called propargyl-linked antifolates show promise as a treatment for MRSA infections but have yet to be tested in humans.
When the scientists treated MRSA with the new drugs and sequenced the bacteria that survived more than half of the surviving colonies carried the predicted mutation that conferred the greatest resistance--a tiny change that reduced the drugs'effectiveness by 58-fold.
The researchers are now using their algorithm to predict resistance mutations to other drugs designed to combat pathogens like E coli and Enterococcus.
We might even be able to coax a pathogen into developing mutations that enable it to evade one drug
but that then make it particularly susceptible to a second drug like a one-two punch.
Their computational approach could be especially useful for forecasting drug resistance mutations in other diseases such as cancer HIV
They produce antimicrobial peptides that help fend off invading bacteria and other pathogens. It was thought that once the skin barrier was broken it was entirely the responsibility of circulating (white blood cells like neutrophils
It was known not that adipocytes could produce antimicrobials let alone that they make almost as much as a neutrophil.
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant forms of S. aureus is a significant problem worldwide in clinical medicine.
More importantly these fat cells produced high levels of an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) called cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide or CAMP.
whose fat cells did not express sufficient antimicrobial peptides in general and CAMP in particular. In all cases they found the mice suffered more frequent and severe infections.
For example current drugs designed for use in diabetics might be beneficial to other people who need to boost this aspect of immunity.
and more affordable way to examine biomolecular behavior opening the door for scientists in virtually any laboratory worldwide to join the quest for creating better drugs.
Interactions between these molecules like the successful binding of a drug compound with its intended target such as a protein receptor on a cancer cell cause the shape of the DNA strand to change from an open and linear shape to a closed loop.
and cartilage grafts without the need for anti-rejection drugs, and the donor tissue becomes part of the joint.
The overall prognosis for patients with drug-resistant medial temporal lobe epilepsy includes a higher risk for memory and mood difficulties.
Medical research can take years to move from bench to bedside as can US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.
Mr. Goldstein originally came to the Feinstein Institute as a molecular biologist working with cells chemicals and drugs.
Human patients would likely take a pill each morning to help control their diabetes March said d
sponsored by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), that used a new stent graft that can repair the aortic aneurysm without the need to open the chest."
It will be immediately relevant to many areas of fundamental cell biology research and practical applications such as drug discovery.
New Molecular Target Identified A drug already approved for treating other diseases may be useful as a treatment for cerebral malaria, according to researchers at Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public health.
"However, the real importance of this work is the identification of unexpected molecular pathways underlying cerebral malaria that we can now target with existing drugs."
Even patients who receive early treatment with standard antimalarial chemotherapeutic agents run a high risk of dying,
trials in humans for cerebral malaria treatment with this drug may be possible, according to the researchers e
#Antibiotics bacteria resistance genes found in dust from feedlots The study was published online in the National Institutes of Environmental science's peer-reviewed journal Environmental Health Perspectives.
It is the first study documenting aerial transmission of antibiotic resistance from an open-air farm setting.
if the amounts of these materials were dangerous to human health it helped explain a previously uncharacterized pathway by which antibiotic-resistant bacteria could travel long distances into places inhabited by humans.
The findings come weeks after a report commissioned by British Prime minister David cameron concluded that failure to battle drug-resistant infections
and people are raising red flags about antibiotic resistance all the time Smith said. Microbes are pretty promiscuous with their genetic information
Everyone is fairly certain antibiotic resistance comes from extensive use of antibiotics in animal-based agriculture.
About 70 percent of all antibiotics used are for animal agricultural purposes. Overuse contributes to antibiotic resistance.
But how does it happen? How does it get from where the drugs are used into the human environment and natural environment?
Smith said scientists collected air samples upwind and downwind of each feedlot. After analysis they found greater amounts of bacteria antibiotics
and DNA sequences responsible for antibiotic resistance downwind of the feedlots compared to upwind which helped scientists determine the source of the materials they found.
Because the antibiotics are present on the particulate matter with bacteria the selective pressure for bacteria to retain their resistance remains during their flight said Greg Mayer an associate professor of molecular toxicology at the institute.
With wind blowing regularly on the Southern High Plains the antibiotics and bacteria can travel on the dust and particulate matter far from the original starting point at the feedlot.
Add the infamous West Texas dust storms into the picture and these materials have the potential to travel hundreds of miles into cities and towns and possibly around the globe.
I think implications for the spread of some feedlot-derived antibiotic-resistant bacteria into urban areas is paramount to the research Mayer said.
or whether it still has antibiotic resistant bacteria on it. However this study is proof of the principle that antibiotic-resistant bacteria could plausibly travel through the air.
Further studies are needed now to show where the particulate matter is traveling and what is happening to its passengers
Eventually, the cancer cells no longer respond to the drug and the tumor spreads again. Evidently, the cancer cells have found new ways to grow.
especially combined with other drugs that are already available e
#New technique for growing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells This week in the journal Science, Los alamos National Laboratory researchers reveal a new solution-based hot-casting technique
"The study could help identify people who would most benefit from new drugs designed to save brain cells,
#Erectile dysfunction drugs could protect liver from sepsis-induced damage Infection can lead to the release of chemicals that cause whole-body inflammation
Sepsis is a very challenging problem so the possibility that we might be able to repurpose a drug that is in use and well understood is very exciting Dr. Billiar said.
The researchers found in a mouse model of sepsis that sildenafil more commonly known as Viagra induced the liver to produce greater amounts of a protein called CYCLIC GMP
Experiments with human liver cells also showed the protective effects of the drug. Our study suggests that increasing the bioavailability of CYCLIC GMP might be beneficial in ameliorating the inflammation associated with sepsis Dr. Billiar said.
Sildenafil and other ED drugs might be a good approach to try early in the course of the illness to forestall organ damage.
and drug resistance than many current drugs says Douglas Robinson Ph d. a professor of cell biology in the Institute for Basic Biomedical sciences at Johns hopkins university School of medicine.
We think the new screening system we devised will help identify drugs for many other diseases as well.
Most drug screens look for an effect on a specific biochemical pathway that has been linked to disease;
The drug is already in use in some countries as a treatment for jaundice so if it shows success against pancreatic cancer it could potentially make it to market relatively quickly Robinson says.
But even if that doesn't happen the study demonstrates that the new drug screen has great potential he says s
Professor Mahiran said in pharmaceuticals an innovation has produced successfully a drugs delivery method to penetrate the'blood brain barrier'especially for diseases that are associated with the brain such as Alzheimer Parkinson epilepsy and meningitis.
Drugs are normally hard to make reach beyond the'blood brain barrier'.'Thus we created drugs through nanotechnology
and that way we hope they are more effective she said. She added the innovation has been tested on animals
and suggests targets for drug treatments and gene therapy, said Daiger, the report's senior author and holder of the Thomas Stull Matney Ph d. Endowed Professorship in Environmental and Genetic sciences at UTHEALTH School of Public health."
Since the advent of biotechnology, researchers have modified bacteria to produce therapeutic drugs or antibiotics. In this novel study, they have actually become a diagnostic tool.
and it's something we think we can drug. If we can control this process with small molecules,
#Intravenous nutrition source could reduce side effects of chemotherapy Platinum-based drugs, including cisplatin, carboplatin and oxyplatin, have been used to treat cancer for more than 35 years.
Many of the side effects of these drugs occur when the drug settles in healthy tissue.
To deliver these drugs in a more targeted way, researchers have created nanoscale delivery systems engineered to make the drug reach
and accumulate at the tumor site. However, tests of these nanodrugs show that only between one and 10 percent of the drugs are delivered to the tumor site
with the majority of the remainder being diverted to the liver and spleen.''The body's immune system, especially the liver and spleen, has been one of the biggest stumbling blocks in developing nanoscale chemotherapy drug delivery systems,
'When the drugs collect in those organs, they become less available to treat the cancer,
Twenty-four hours after the drug was administered, the researchers found that pre-treatment with Intralipid reduced the accumulation of the platinum-based drug by 20.4 percent in the liver, 42.5 percent in the spleen and 31.2 percent in the kidney.
Consequently, in these organs, the toxic side effects of the nanodrug decreased significantly. Furthermore, the researchers found that Intralipid pre-treatment allowed more of the drug to remain available and active in the body for longer periods of time.
After five hours availability of the drug was increased by 18.7 percent, and after 24 hours it was increased by 9. 4 percent.
The researchers believe that this increased availability will allow more of the drug to reach the tumor site,
and could perhaps also allow clinicians to reduce the dosage needed to treat a patient.
#Drug-induced tissue regeneration demonstrated by scientists A study led by Ellen Heber-Katz, Phd, of the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research (LIMR), part of Main line Health (MLH),
the drug-treated mice showed a pattern of molecular changes indistinguishable from that observed in MRL mice during regeneration in response to injury, confirming HIF-1a as a central driver of healthy regeneration of lost
so exciting about what we saw with drug-induced stabilization of HIF-1a.""Heber-Katz and her collaborators plan to move ahead to modify the drug delivery system to achieve an ideal formulation,
which they will use to investigate regrowth potential in many types of tissues.""This remarkable work has vast importance in medicine
Antiviral antibodies in the blood find and bind to their target epitopes within the displayed peptides.
Elledge says the approach his team has developed is limited not to antiviral antibodies. His own lab is also using it to look for antibodies that attack a body's own tissue in certain autoimmune diseases that are associated with cancer.
using broad-spectrum antibiotics. These powerful combinations of potent drugs are often effective, but using them routinely raises the risk of deadly multidrug-resistant bacteria emerging.
The new QPIU technology promises to deliver better point-of-care diagnostics by reducing the time it takes to specifically identify bacteria
allowing doctors to prescribe the best drugs available to treat an infection and improving outcomes for people with hospital-acquired infections--though the effectiveness of the approach remains to be proven in future clinical trials.
if they can distinguish between several types of bacterial subgroups--to identify the most drug resistant or virulent strains from the innocuous ones.
"In the case of IPF, the researchers now want to establish a drug screening assay and begin clinical trials with an FKBP10 inhibitor,
She notes that anti-CXCR4 drugs are already in preliminary testing for treating certain forms of myeloid leukemia,
Co-senior study investigator and cancer biologist Iannis Aifantis, Phd, says the study offers the first evidence that"drugs targeting
"Our ultimate hope would be to use these findings to create a lipoxin-based drug for obese people to help protect them against associated illnesses, such as kidney and liver disease,
"It wouldn't be a traditional'diet drug.''It doesn't reduce body weight. However, it may help obese patients avoid the dangers of obesity
It might even be possible to develop drugs to target the programming mechanisms within the bone marrow,
as well as screening and translation of new classes of drugs,'Singh said d
#'Chromosome shattering'seen in plants, cancer Plants can undergo the same extreme'chromosome shattering'seen in some human cancers and developmental syndromes,
A drug that counteracts the development of aggregates could be used to treat a whole range of brain diseases
In this new research, the authors aimed to determine changes in gut barrier function (as determined by intestinal permeability and antimicrobial peptide concentrations) as well as disease markers in CD, in response to Vitamin d supplementation.
In addition, patients with the highest blood levels of Vitamin d had reduced signs of inflammation (measured by C reactive-protein protein and antimicrobial peptides),
and antimicrobial peptide measures in a CD cohort. Whilst the data requires further confirmation, it broadly supports evidence from previous experimental studies that suggest a role for Vitamin d in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity."
Among other things, so-called'interferons'play an important role in antiviral defense. These are special proteins
They discovered that both messenger substances act jointly to optimally fight rotavirus by triggering the formation of antiviral proteins particularly in the epithelial cells of the intestine;
So just like bacteria pick up resistance to things like antibiotics and heavy metal toxicity, this bacterium"picked up a genetic element that's now allowing it to detoxify uranium,
--and can perhaps be used to target unsavory antibiotic resistance genes in bacterial pathogens and occasionally in beneficial bacteria.'
as well as for the identification of new targets for drug therapy.''The identification of more than one stem cell pool in the colon has proven challenging,'stresse Asfaha.'
such as the creation of manufactured goods, biofuels and therapeutic drugs. Lead author of the study Professor Rudolf Allemann,
Drugs were designed to bind strongly to DHFR to prevent it from working, which would stop rapidly reproducing cells--such as cancer cells--from proliferating.
The ability to print antibiotics in topographical patterns could address the need for"smart"bandages,
Chlorhexidine is a proven antimicrobial agent, used widely to prevent and treat a range of infections,
'Research shows there is a clear need for long-acting antimicrobial products used in fillings and cements for crowns, bridges and orthodontic braces
which are especially prone to infection by antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as MRSA.''''We will be using the Venture Prize award money to help us develop a robust and scalable manufacturing process,
most of our drugs take a shot at a tire here and there, but sometimes they miss
or find the best drug for the individual patient to further personalize medical care.""This paper is the first report we know of translating this fingerprint into patient tissues,
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011