Synopsis: Pharma: Drugs:

scientists isolated the special bone marrow stem cell type, the CD271+mesenchymal stem cells, from the drug treated mice.

The scientists found that despite months of drug treatment Mtb could be recovered from the CD271+stem cells.

and proliferation of these neuron-damaging compounds--a discovery that may accelerate the development of new drugs to treat this incurable disease.

Their findings also advance a new drug-discovery approach: stopping the cellular transfer of the seeding compounds.

"Evaluating whether a drug prevents seeding will be much quicker than longitudinal assessment of symptoms, added study co-leader Zhiqun Tan, an associate researcher at the UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological disorders (UCI MIND.

The Argus II received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval as a Humanitarian Use Device (HUD) in 2013,

so it's pretty early in the process of seeing where a small molecule drug might interdict these interactions,

or proteins that could be targeted by drugs, eventually leading to new medicines to fight cancer r

#Gel that can make drugs last longer A drug-delivering hydrogel has been developed to treat chronic diseases such as hepatitis C a liver disease that kills around 500,000 people worldwide every year.

Researchers at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) of A*STAR have developed a drug-delivering hydrogel to treat chronic diseases such as hepatitis C a liver disease that kills around 500,000 people worldwide every year."

"The new gel from IBN prevents premature drug release in the body. This allows for long-term drug delivery

and reduces the side effects from frequent drug administration. We hope that our solution can improve the treatment

and well-being of patients suffering from chronic diseases such as hepatitis C,"said IBN Executive director Professor Jackie Y. Ying.

The standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C infections includes a weekly injection of a protein drug called PEGYLATED interferon.

Previously, it had not been possible to use hydrogels to deliver drugs with long-term efficacy because controlling the drug release rate is difficult.

Most hydrogels have a porous structure which will cause the encapsulated drugs to leak prematurely

and be eliminated rapidly from the body. The researchers led by IBN Team Leader and Principal Research Scientist Dr Motoichi Kurisawa have found a way to regulate the drug release rate

and duration by creating a gel with 3d microscopic structures of a polymer compound called polyethylene glycol (PEG) that resembles"reservoirs."

"These microscopic structures function as a"reservoir"for the PEGYLATED interferon drugs, because of the presence of the PEG compound on the drugs.

This property prevents the contents from leaking prematurely. The drugs will also flow in and out of the many"reservoirs"in the gel before it is released out to the body.

This helps to slow down the drug diffusion rate. The duration of the drug action can also be controlled by changing the size of the microscopic structures.

The study by the IBN researchers showed that a onetime administration of the hydrogel containing the PEGYLATED interferon medication was as effective as eight injections of the medication alone

and that the effect of the drugs can last up to two months. The hydrogels will degrade naturally

and be eliminated from the body once the drugs are released fully.""Our hydrogels can significantly extend the half-life of hepatitis C drugs by up to 10 times longer than current treatment.

Half-life is taken the time for the amount of drugs in the body to be reduced by half,

and is a standard indicator of the duration of drug action. This work improves the therapeutic efficiency of the drugs,

while reducing the need for frequent injections, "said Dr Kurisawa. The study was published recently in the leading journal, Biomaterials,

and conducted in collaboration with the Institute of Molecular and Cell biology of A*STAR. Up to 150 million people globally suffer from chronic hepatitis C infections according to the World health organization."

"I believe that our method can pave the way for more effective and safe treatment of hepatitis C. We are also testing the microstructured gel for the treatment of other chronic diseases besides hepatitis C,"added Dr Kurisawa.

Microstructured dextran hydrogels for burst-free sustained release of PEGYLATED protein drugs. Biomaterials, 2015; 63: 146 DOI:

With this finding, the researchers believe theye found a possible drug target for colon cancer patients who lack the tumor suppressor AIM2. everal studies

Wilson said the researchers believe their findings mean that drugs used to inhibit Akt could be used as a personalized therapy for people who don have AIM2. ur research paves the way for future clinical trials that screen for AIM2 expression in colon cancer

It may also prove useful in discovering concealed goods in the retail industry or for non-destructive monitoring, for example quality control in drugs or food.

The discovery could be the first step in developing a new drug to treat malaria. The scientists--funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC)

Understanding the pathways the parasite uses means that future drugs could be designed precisely to kill the parasite

and if it can be targeted by drugs we could see something that stops malaria in its tracks without causing toxic side-effects."

"It is a great advantage in drug discovery research if you know the identity of the molecular target of a particular drug and the consequences of blocking its function.

It helps in designing the most effective combination treatments and also helps to avoid drug resistance which is a major problem in the control of malaria worldwide."

"According to the World health organization malaria currently infects more than 200 million people world wide and accounts for more than 500,000 deaths per year.

with the parasite continually working to find ways to survive our drug treatments. By combining a number of techniques to piece together how the malaria parasite survives,

The researchers argue that the drug could be cheaper to produce, less harmful to healthy cells than existing treatments and has been shown to be active against cancer cells

which have become resistant to platinum-based drugs. The experiments conducted by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute comprising 809 cancer cell lines found that FY26 was 49 times more potent than cisplatin.

The new drug works by forcing cancer cells to use their mitochondria, the'power house'of a cell,

the drug causes the cancer cell to die. Lead researcher Professor Peter Sadler of the University of Warwick's Department of chemistry, said explains:"

"Commenting on the drug's benefits when compared to existing platinum-based drugs, such as Cisplatin,

Professor Sadler says:""Platinum-based drugs are used in nearly 50%of all chemotherapeutic regimens and exert their activity by damaging DNA

and cannot select between cancerous and non-cancerous cells. This can lead to a wide-range of side-effects from renal failure to neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, nausea and vomiting.""

but our new osmium compound with its different mechanism of action, remains active against cancer cells that have become resistant to drugs such as Cisplatin."

"It is clear that a new generation of drugs is necessary to save more lives

With this knowledge, researchers can now test ER-stress blocking drugs in the clinic, and carry out fundamental research on how different types of pain grouped under the name"neuropathic"differ from each other

and respond to new drugs. The study provides convincing evidence for a novel concept as to

and whether drugs could be developed to stop it from happening.""North West Cancer Research (NWCR) has funded the research as part of a collaborative project between the University of Warwick and the University of Liverpool,

"Efforts to treat glioma with traditional drug and radiation therapies have not been very successful, "says Jessica Tucker, Ph d.,NIBIB Director for the Program in Gene and Drug Delivery Systems and Devices."

"The ability to successfully deliver genes using these biodegradable nanoparticles, rather than potentially harmful viruses, is a significant step that reinvigorates the potential for gene therapy to treat deadly gliomas as well as other cancers."

the treatment doesn't carry the risk of side effects that are associated often with drug treatments."

The study, published online July 13th in Cancer cell, offers a target for the development of a drug that could prevent metastasis in prostate cancer,

Although not all molecules are turned easily into drugs, at least one pharma company has developed already a drug that inhibits DNA-PKCS,

and is currently testing it in a phase 1 study (NCT01353625.""We are enthusiastic about the next step of clinical assessment for testing DNA-PKCS inhibitors in the clinic.

#New compounds may treat depression rapidly with few side effects Array"Our results open up a whole new class of potential antidepressant medications,

The most common of these drugs, such as Prozac and Lexapro, are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIS.

In addition, even when these drugs work, they typically take between three and eight weeks to relieve symptoms.

Arraytumor genotype plays an important role in drug resistance in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer,

#Potential of blue LEDS as novel chemical-free food preservation technology A team of scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found that blue light emitting diodes (LEDS) have strong antibacterial

they have also been known to have an antibacterial effect. Bacterial cells contain light sensitive compounds that adsorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum (400-430 nm),

Existing studies on the antibacterial effect of LED illumination mostly evaluated its efficacy by adding photosensitisers to the food samples

can affect the antibacterial effect of LEDS. In this study, the team placed three major foodborne pathogens--Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli o157:

and found the antibacterial effect to be enhanced most in chilling temperatures. Asst Prof Yuk said,

#Nanospheres shield chemo drugs, safely release high doses in response to tumor secretions Scientists have designed nanoparticles that release drugs in the presence of a class of proteins that enable cancers to metastasize.

That is, they have engineered a drug delivery system so that the very enzymes that make cancers dangerous could

and deliver a payload of drug, "said Cassandra Callmann, a graduate student in chemistry and biochemistry at the University of California, San diego,

Callmann created tiny spheres packed with the anticancer drug paclitaxel (also known by the trade names Taxol and Onxal) and coated with a peptide shell.

MMPS tear up that shell releasing the drug. The shell fragments form a ragged mesh that holds the drug molecules near the tumor.

The work, led by Nathan Gianneschi a professor of chemistry and biochemisty at UC San diego, builds on his group's earlier sucess using a similar strategy to mark tumors for both diagnosis and precise surgical removal.

To package the drug into the spheres, Callmann had to add chemical handles. As it turns out, a group of atoms essential to the drug molecule's effectiveness,

and also toxicity, made for a good attachment point. That means the drug was inactivated as it flowed through the circulatory system until it reached the tumor.

The protection allowed the researchers to safely give a dose 16 times higher than they could with the formulation now used in cancer clinics,

using a single lower dose of the drug. In mice treated with the nanoparticles coated with peptides that are impervious to MMPS or given saline,

We'll test this in other models--with other classes of drug and in mice with a cancer that mimics metastatic breast cancer, for example."

#Investigational drug prevents life-threatening side effects of kidney disease treatment A yearlong study of more than 300 patients found that the investigational drug patiromer can reduce elevated blood-potassium levels--a common side effect of drugs

The drug, given in this trial at one of four doses based on disease severity, returned blood potassium levels to normal

"The only alternative is a 50-year-old drug that is"difficult to take, poorly tolerated and unpredictable,

In this paper, we provide an effective a way to kill the bacterium that serves as a stimulus for Acne without using an antibiotic,

#HIV uses immune system's own tools to suppress it The study's goal was to determine how HIV manages to compromise antiviral responses in the initial period of infection,

which harbour the virus out of sight from the immune system and antiviral drugs, represent the primary barrier to a cure."

The Interferon then triggers a large array of defence mechanisms in nearby cells, creating an antiviral state that prevents the dissemination and, ultimately,

However, HIV uses the viral protein Vpu to counteract BST2 antiviral activity.""""With this study, we uncovered a unique mechanism

and ILT7 to limit the body's antiviral response, which allows the virus to spread

all the while counteracting its direct antiviral activity on HIV production.""""The hope for a definitive cure and an effective vaccine has been frustrated by HIV's endless propensity to subvert the host's defences

"Our findings can provide tools to enhance antiviral responses during the early stages of infection.

while also allowing pdcs to trigger effective antiviral responses. We believe that such interventions during primary infection have the potential to limit the establishment and complexity of viral reservoirs,

#Novel glycoengineering technology gives qualitative leap for biologics drug research Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a way of improving biotech drugs.

Better, cheaper and more effective drugs to combat cancer, arthritis and many other disorders. This is the result of a ground-breaking new technique developed by a group of researchers from the Faculty of health and Medical sciences at the University of Copenhagen.

Thus, the drug that is used to treat inflammatory disease may exacerbate malignancies.""Applying IL-6/Stat3 blockers to clinical practice might be dangerous for patients with cancerous lesions,

Aboriginal women and women who use injection drugs were also at greater risk of having HIV in pregnancy

and effective drugs with fewer side effects to treat conditions including high blood pressure, diabetes, depression and even some types of cancer.

which are targeted by about 40 percent of drugs on the market. Its structure while coupled with arrestin provides new insight into the on/off signaling pathways of GPCRS.

Many of the available drugs that activate or deactivate GPCRS block both G proteins and arrestins from docking."

"The new paradigm in drug discovery is that you want to find this selective pathway--how to activate

The study notes that a wide range of drugs would likely be more effective and have fewer side effects with this selective activation.

which would allow development of drugs and prediction of survival. Researchers from BUSM and the University of Cyprus compared the markers on the surface of the cancer cells to gene expression profile of breast tumors deposited by researchers in international public databases

and ultimately drug development and therapy y

#Paper Test Quickly Detects Ebola, Dengue, And Yellow fever Researchers in the US have developed a silver nanoparticle-based paper test to simultaneously detect dengue, yellow fever and Ebola.

#Guinea to Expand Use of Experimental Anti-Ebola Drugs CONAKRY (Reuters)- Guinea's government has authorized the wider use of an experimental drug to treat Ebola in treatment centers after successful initial trials,

The experimental Japanese drug-Avigan, or favipiravir-developed by Toyama Chemical, a subsidiary of Japan's Fujifilm, has been tested by French

and the drug appeared to accelerated the recovery process of patients.""We have decided to broaden the use of this drug.

It will only be available in the Ebola Treatment Units, not the hospitals,"Sakoba Keita,

Health officials have not provided any data for the results of the trials of the anti-Ebola drug.

If so, Kipnis feels targeting the vessels with drugs, genetic manipulation and surgery are therapeutic approaches worth pursuing.

It could also help researchers test the efficacy of new drugs for sickle cell disease which occurs in about 300000 newborns per year more than 75 percent of them in Africa.

The best drug now available hydroxyurea works for only about two-thirds of patients. The research team also includes the paper lead author E (Sarah) Du a former MIT postdoc who is now an assistant professor at Florida Atlantic University;

and they also plan to pursue it as a tool to test potential new drugs for sickle cell disease.

To demonstrate the device usefulness for evaluating new drugs the researchers analyzed a drug called Aes-103 now in phase II clinical trials to treat sickle cell disease

and found that the drug is more effective against red blood cells of higher density which usually have more abnormal hemoglobin

and their computational models offers a novel route for drug discovery. Source: University of Yor v

#First contracting human muscle grown in laboratory The lab-grown tissue should soon allow researchers to test new drugs

and Madden studied its response to a variety of drugs including statins used to lower cholesterol

and clenbuterol a drug known to be used off-label as a performance enhancer for athletes.

The effects of the drugs matched those seen in human patients. The statins had a dose-dependent response causing abnormal fat accumulation at high concentrations.

and experiment to see which drugs would work best for each person. his goal may not be far away;

Bursac is already working on a study with clinicians at Duke Medicinencluding Dwight Koeberl associate professor of pediatricso try to correlate efficacy of drugs in patients with the effects on lab-grown muscles.

#Discovery of a treatment to block the progression of multiple sclerosis A drug that could halt the progression of multiple sclerosis may soon be developed thanks to a discovery by a team at the CHUM Research Centre and the University of Montreal.

Currently, none of the drugs available on the market affect the disease progression. Prothena has developed a potentially disease-modifying antibody, called PRX003,

thus avoiding nonaddictive drug side effects, said Bhatia. ou don want to feel sleepy or unaware, you just want your pain to go away.

and required technology to actually test different drugs to find something that targets the peripheral nervous system and not the central nervous system in a patient specific,

a clinician and professor of medicine. his research will help us understand the response of cells to different drugs and different stimulation responses,

However, two of the previously-discovered genes have led already to the development of new pain killers that are currently been tested in clinical trials. e are very hopeful that this new gene could be an excellent candidate for drug development,

particularly given recent successes with drugs targeting chromatin regulators in human disease, adds Dr Ya-Chun Chen from the University of Cambridge,

It may also help identify rare mutations and subtypes of infectious diseases as well as drug-resistant strains.

T-VEC is one of a new wave of virus-based drugs to show benefits in cancer trials,

The U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) are considering findings from the trial to make the treatments available to more patients with advanced melanoma.

-or neuro-stimulating drugs. e were able to demonstrate that we could make this scaffold and culture cells within it,

#Scientists invent a new method to synthesize highly valuable amines Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute have created a new method for synthesizing minesa class of organic compounds prominent in drugs and other modern products.

and ending up with goldxcept that the amines we can make with this new method are often worth much more than their weight in gold mines are very useful for making drugs.

including valuable drug compounds in much more simple way than current methods could offer. How valuable is this method?

product this reaction produces is highly valuable as it is used in a broad variety of drugs.

an ex vivo microenvironment that can accurately anticipate a multiple myeloma patient response to a drug.

a drug commonly used in multiple myeloma therapy. And after only three days, the researchers could determine

whether the drug was effective or not. They compared the results of their ex vivo tests with the success

or failure rates of actual patients who had received the drug and an unprecedented 100 percent of the ex vivo test results matched the results of the patients.

The new assay could save many multiple myeloma cancer patients the psychological stress of having to try multiple drugs until they find the most effective one.

In addition, they are starting to consider what this discovery means for other cancer types and other drugs.

although their work is far from over. his is only one type of cancer, one particular drug,

as well as screening and translation of new classes of drugs, Singh said g

#New drug triggers tissue regeneration: Faster regrowth and healing of damaged tissues Research focuses on select tissues injured through disease, surgery and transplants,

but early findings indicate potential for broad applicationsthe concept sounds like the stuff of science fiction:

take a pill, and suddenly new tissues grow to replace damaged ones. Researchers at Case Western Reserve and UT Southwestern Medical center this week announced that they have taken significant steps toward turning this once-improbable idea into a vivid reality.

they detail how a new drug repaired damage to the colon, liver and bone marrow in animal models even going so far as to save the lives of mice who otherwise would have died in a bone marrow transplantation model. e are excited very,

the Ingalls Professor of Cancer Genetics at the university School of medicine and a medical oncologist at University Hospitals Case Medical center Seidman Cancer Center. e have developed a drug that acts like a vitamin for tissue stem cells,

The drug heals damage in multiple tissues, which suggests to us that it may have applications in treating many diseases. he institutions collaborating on this work next hope to develop the drug now known as W033291for use in human patients.

Because of the areas of initial success they first would focus on individuals who are receiving bone marrow transplants, individuals with ulcerative colitis,

The key to the drug potential involves a molecule the body produces that is known as prostaglandin E2, or PGE2.

which means it has promise to work as a drug. series of experiments showed that SW033291 could inactivate 15-PGDH in a test tube and inside a cell,

But having a drug to accelerate the liver regrowth could make surgery a viable option.

The team next step will be to complete studies showing safety of SW033291-related compounds in larger animals, a required part of the pathway to secure approval from the U s. Food and Drug Administration

If the drugs prove safe and effective in those clinical trials they could then become available for general use by physicians.

there has been a major effort in the last two to three years to figure out how all our institutions can together work to develop drugs.

It helps put us on the map as a place where new drugs get invented. arkowitz added that this research received crucial financial assistance from Case Western Reserve University School of medicine Council to Advance Human Health (CAHH

Case Western Reserve, led the experiments that identified the drug. Desai, Case Western Reserve, performed experiments that showed that SW033291 works in bone marrow transplantation in mice.

and Shuguang Wei, all at UT-Southwestern, Dallas. n impressive number of individuals contributed to the discovery of this 15-PGDH inhibitor drug,

Multiple myeloma in a petri dish can be used to anticipate its response to a drug, which eliminates need to test all drugs directly on the patient.

Then scientists treated this cancer in a dish with common drug called bortezomib, which is used often to treat myeloma,

which improves ability to accurately gauge its reaction to drugs. Multiple myeloma that scientists are interested so in is a universally fatal cancer.

However, it can save many multiple myeloma cancer patients the psychological stress of having to try multiple drugs until they find the most effective one.

Scientists are already thinking how to expand this assay to test responsiveness to different drugs of other cancers as well.

could one day revolutionize the way new drugs and toxic agents are studied. y developing this omo minutus,

There are huge benefits in developing drug and toxicity analysis systems that can mimic the response of actual human organs,

Kertesz noted that this system has been used successfully for spatially resolved sampling and detection of drugs and metabolites from thin sections of animal tissue and proteins from dried blood. n the basis of the results and the relative simplicity,

#Scientists successfully test immunogen a component for potential HIV vaccine Team of researchers from The Scripps Research Institute, INTERNATIONAL AIDS Vaccine Initiative and The Rockefeller University have shown successfully that an experimental vaccine candidate

but slightly different proteins, called immunogens, to train the body to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV.

so called oostershot, where a person is exposed to the same immunogen multiple times, until develops imunity to a certain disease.

This protein is called an immunogen eod-GT8 60mer. This compound had to be tested, so another lab using genetic engineering created a mouse model to produce antibodies that resemble human antibodies.

This suggests that eod-GT8 60mer immunogen could be a good candidate to serve as the first in a series of immunizations against HIV.

Professor David Nemazee evaluated results like that he vaccine appears to work well in our mouse model to rimethe antibody response In another research scientists used the same immunogen in a slightly different mouse model,

which showed promising results As well as scientists have taken approach to collect a variety of different immunogens to develop a united HIV vaccine,

now they have to find other needed immunogens. For further testing mouse models will have to be developed,

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