and data obtained with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) chemical imaging analyses of serial sections of the same tissue.
Having identified how brain cancer cells uniquely scatter light, the researchers wrote a computer program that spots the relevant parameters within OCT scan data.
but now it may finally see clinical light of day. The company has partnered now with Teva Pharmaceutical to produce the initial product and put it through clinical trials.
and is particularly difficult for young children that don understand the purpose of it All the new technology relies on a special silica glass that has ions throughout that fluoresce in infrared in response to laser light.
and then activating them using a light source. The drug delivery component is particularly interesting for clinical research,
The device reacts to infrared light to open up its drug chambers. Since such frequencies of light are able to penetrate a patient skull
the infrared light source can be used as a simple remote control to open up the drug chambers as necessary s
#Wize Mirror to Monitor Health, Prevent Cardio-Metabolic Diseases Seasoned primary care physicians often have an uncanny ability to notice symptoms by simply looking at their patients.
clean water and light,"said Aisa Mijeno, cofounder and CEO of SALT Corp. Related on MNN N
The Utah engineers have developed an ultracompact beamsplitter the smallest on record for dividing light waves into two separate channels of information.
The device brings researchers closer to producing silicon photonic chips that compute and shuttle data with light instead of electrons.
Electrical and computer engineering associate professor Rajesh Menon and colleagues describe their invention today in the journal Nature Photonics.
Silicon photonics could significantly increase the power and speed of machines such as supercomputers data center servers and the specialized computers that direct autonomous cars and drones with collision detection.
Eventually, the technology could reach home computers and mobile devices and improve applications from gaming to video streaming. ight is the fastest thing you can use to transmit information,
the photons of light must be converted to electrons before a router or computer can handle the information.
if the data stream remained as light within computer processors. ith all light, computing can eventually be millions of times faster,
(which looks somewhat like a barcode) on top of a silicon chip that can split guided incoming light into its two components.
And because photonic chips shuttle photons instead of electrons mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets built with this technology would consume less power,
The first supercomputers using silicon photonics already under development at companies such as Intel and IBM will use hybrid processors that remain partly electronic.
The overhead view of a new beamsplitter for silicon photonics chips that is the size of one-fiftieth the width of a human hair.
University of Utah Electrical and Computer engineering Associate professor Rajesh Menon is leading a team that has created the world smallest beamsplitter for silicon photonic chips.
or shuttled is done through light instead of electrons. Photo credit: Dan Hixson/University of Utah College of Engineering Source:
Students and faculty at Vanderbilt University fabricated these tiny Archimedesspirals and then used ultrafast lasers at Vanderbilt and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington,
The results are reported in a paper published online by the Journal of Nanophotonics on May 21. hey are certainly smaller than any of the spirals wee found reported in the scientific literature,
When these spirals are shrunk to sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light, they develop unusual optical properties.
For example, when they are illuminated with infrared laser light, they emit visible blue light. A number of crystals produce this effect, called frequency doubling or harmonic generation, to various degrees.
The strongest frequency doubler previously known is the synthetic crystal beta barium borate, but the nano-spirals produce four times more blue light per unit volume.
When infrared laser light strikes the tiny spirals it is absorbed by electrons in the gold arms.
The arms are so thin that the electrons are forced to move along the spiral. Electrons that are driven toward the center absorb enough energy
so that some of them emit blue light at double the frequency of the incoming infrared light. his is similar to
The electrons at the center of the spirals are driven pretty vigorously by the laser electric field.
The blue light is exactly an octave higher than the infrared the second harmonic. he nano-spirals also have a distinctive response to polarized laser light.
Linearly polarized light, like that produced by a Polaroid filter, vibrates in a single plane.
When struck by such a light beam, the amount of blue light the nano-spirals emit varies as the angle of the plane of polarization is rotated through 360 degrees.
The effect is even more dramatic when circularly polarized laser light is used. In circularly polarized light the polarization plane rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise.
When left-handed nano-spirals are illuminated with clockwise polarized light, the amount of blue light produced is maximized
because the polarization pushes the electrons toward the center of the spiral. Counterclockwise polarized light,
on the other hand, produces a minimal amount of blue light because the polarization tends to push the electrons outward
so that the waves from all around the nano-spiral interfere destructively. The combination of the unique characteristics of their frequency doubling and response to polarized light provide the nano-spirals with a unique
customizable signature that would be extremely difficult to counterfeit, the researchers said. So far, Davidson has experimented with small arrays of gold nano-spirals on a glass substrate made using scanning electron-beam lithography.
Silver and platinum nano-spirals could be made in the same way. Because of the tiny quantities of metal actually used, they can be made inexpensively out of precious metals,
and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) reported today that they have demonstrated-for the first time-an on-chip visible light source using graphene, an atomically thin and perfectly crystalline form of carbon,
right Visible light Emission from Graphene, is published in the Advance Online Publication (AOP) on Nature Nanotechnology's website on June 15."
"This new type of'broadband'light emitter can be integrated into chips and will pave the way towards the realization of atomically thin, flexible,
"Creating light in small structures on the surface of a chip is crucial for developing fully integrated'photonic'circuits that do with light
but have not yet been able to put the oldest and simplest artificial light sourcehe incandescent light bulbnto a chip.
By measuring the spectrum of the light emitted from the graphene, the team was able to show that the graphene was reaching temperatures of above 2500 degrees Celsius,
hot enough to glow brightly. he visible light from atomically thin graphene is so intense that it is visible even to the naked eye,
Interestingly, the spectrum of the emitted light showed peaks at specific wavelengths, which the team discovered was due to interference between the light emitted directly from the graphene
and light reflecting off the silicon substrate and passing back through the graphene. Kim notes
his is only possible because graphene is transparent, unlike any conventional filament, and allows us to tune the emission spectrum by changing the distance to the substrate. he ability of graphene to achieve such high temperatures without melting the substrate
so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission, Myung-Ho Bae, a senior researcher at KRISS and co-lead author,
when he invented the incandescent light bulb: dison originally used carbon as a filament for his light bulb and here we are going back to the same element,
and the materialsability to sense long wavelength infrared (LWIR) waves due to their small energy gaps. This particular electromagnetic spectral range of LWIR is important for a range of applications such as LIDAR (light radar) systems
basically because LWIR waves are highly transparent in earth atmosphere. This wave range also has great application for the soldiers in the military who rely on infrared thermal imaging technology and for flexible night vision glasses.
because they fit into the long wavelength-infrared light range and deliver properties that any other currently existing 2d materials cannot,
A team of scientists used a newly developed reaction chamber to combine x-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron microscopy for an unprecedented portrait of a common chemical reaction.
They conducted x-ray studies at the National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS) and electron microscopy at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), both DOE Office of Science User Facilities."
x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS. In XAS, a beam of x-rays bombards the catalyst sample and deposits energy as it passes through the micro-reactor.
and Raman spectroscopy-and plans to introduce other complex and complementary x-ray and electron probe techniques over time.
but its successor-the just-opened National Synchrotron Light source II (NSLS-II)- is 10,000 times brighter
"Through Laboratory Directed Research and development funding, we will be part of the initial experiments at the Submicron Resolution X-ray (SRX) Spectroscopy beamline this summer,
along with an international team, have come up with an ingenious way of creating therapeutic heat in a light, flexible design.
It is possible for something to move faster than the phase velocity of light in a medium
wakes produced as electrical charges travel through liquids faster than the phase velocity of light, emitting a glowing blue wake.
For the first time, Harvard researchers have created similar wakes of light-like waves moving on a metallic surface, called surface plasmons,
"Our understanding of optics on the macroscale has led to holograms, Google glass and LEDS, just to name a few technologies.
and harness the power of light on the nanoscale.""The creation and control of surface plasmon wakes could lead to new types of plasmonic couplers
and lenses that could create two-dimensional holograms or focus light at the nanoscale. Surface plasmons are confined to the surface of a metal.
The team discovered that the angle of incidence of the light shining onto the metamaterial provides an additional measure of control
and using polarized light can even reverse the direction of the wake relative to the running waveike a wake traveling in the opposite direction of a boat."
and manipulate light at scales much smaller than the wavelength of the light is said very difficult
such as highly Efficient light Emitting Diodes (LEDS), lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes. Graphene-based film could also pave the way for faster, smaller, more energy efficient, sustainable high power electronics."
and then imaging them using Raman microscopy technique that detects the vibrations of molecules by exciting them using a microscope-focused laser beam.
and shine lights on neurons deep inside the brains of mice. The revolutionary device is described online in the journal Cell.
and delivering lights through fiber optic cables. Both options require surgery that can damage parts of the brain
and can simultaneously deliver drugs and lights.""We used powerful nanomanufacturing strategies to fabricate an implant that lets us penetrate deep inside the brain with minimal damage,
when they made mice that have light-sensitive VTA neurons stay on one side of a cage by commanding the implant to shine laser pulses on the cells.
Scientists used soft materials to create a brain implant a tenth the width of a human hair that can wirelessly control neurons with lights and drugs.
and could form the basis of optical computing. At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
While lasers can fit this requirement they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
This so-called plasmonic device could one day be used in optical computing chips or for optical communication between traditional electronic microchips.
When a laser shines on the surface of a silver cube just 75 nanometers wide,
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
and off at more than 90 gigahertz. here is great interest in replacing lasers with LEDS for short-distance optical communication,
and could form the basis of optical computing. At its most basic level, your smart phone's battery is powering billions of transistors using electrons to flip on and off billions of times per second.
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
While lasers can fit this requirement they are too energy-hungry and unwieldy to integrate into computer chips.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
This so-called plasmonic device could one day be used in optical computing chips or for optical communication between traditional electronic microchips.
When a laser shines on the surface of a silver cube just 75 nanometers wide,
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
and off at more than 90 gigahertz. here is great interest in replacing lasers with LEDS for short-distance optical communication,
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
The cadmium selenide nanocrystals could convert visible wavelengths to ultraviolet photons while the lead selenide nanocrystals could convert near-infrared photons to visible photons.
In lab experiments, the researchers directed 980-nanometer infrared light at the hybrid material, which then generated upconverted orange yellow fluorescent 550-nanometer light,
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in; the organics get light out. esides solar energy,
Bardeen emphasized that the research could have wide-ranging implications. he ability to move light energy from one wavelength to another, more useful region, for example,
They were excited with a focused continuous wave 532-nm laser. The violet DPA output in (a) swamps the green beam that is clearly seen in (b),
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
The cadmium selenide nanocrystals could convert visible wavelengths to ultraviolet photons while the lead selenide nanocrystals could convert near-infrared photons to visible photons.
In lab experiments, the researchers directed 980-nanometer infrared light at the hybrid material, which then generated upconverted orange yellow fluorescent 550-nanometer light,
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in; the organics get light out. esides solar energy,
Bardeen emphasized that the research could have wide-ranging implications. he ability to move light energy from one wavelength to another, more useful region, for example,
#Engineers demonstrate the world first white lasers More luminous and energy efficient than LEDS, white lasers look to be the future in lighting and Li-Fi,
or light-based wireless communication While lasers were invented in 1960 and are used commonly in many applications,
one characteristic of the technology has proven unattainable. No one has been able to create a laser that beams white l lasers are capable of emitting over the full visible color spectrum,
which is necessary to produce a white laser. This schematic illustrates the novel nanosheet with three parallel segments created by the researchers
each supporting laser action in one of three elementary colors. The device is capable of lasing in any visible color, completely tunable from red, green to blue,
or any color in between. When the total field is collected, a white color emerges. The researchers have created a novel nanosheet a thin layer of semiconductor that measures roughly one-fifth of the thickness of human hair in size with a thickness that is roughly one-thousandth of the thickness of human hair with three
parallel segments, each supporting laser action in one of three elementary colors. The device is capable of lasing in any visible color
Cun-Zheng Ning, professor in the School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, authored the paper, monolithic white laser, with his doctoral students Fan Fan, Sunay Turkdogan, Zhicheng Liu
The technological advance puts lasers one step closer to being a mainstream light source and potential replacement or alternative to light emitting diodes (LEDS.
Lasers are brighter, more energy efficient and can potentially provide more accurate and vivid colors for displays like computer screens and televisions.
Another important application could be in the future of visible light communication in which the same room lighting systems could be used for both illumination and communication.
The technology under development is called Li-Fi for light-based wireless communication, as opposed to the more prevailing Wi-fi,
and white laser Li-Fi could be 10 to 100 times faster than LED based Li-Fi currently still under development. he concept of white lasers first seems counterintuitive
because the light from a typical laser contains exactly one color, a specific wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum, rather than a broad-range of different wavelengths.
White light is viewed typically as a complete mixture of all of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, said Ning,
a blue LED is coated with phosphor materials to convert a portion of the blue light to green, yellow and red light.
This mixture of colored light will be perceived by humans as white light and can therefore be used for general illumination.
Sandia National Labs in 2011 produced high-quality white light from four separate large lasers. The researchers showed that the human eye is as comfortable with white light generated by diode lasers as with that produced by LEDS,
inspiring others to advance the technology. hile this pioneering proof-of-concept demonstration is impressive,
those independent lasers cannot be used for room lighting or in displays, Ning said. single tiny piece of semiconductor material emitting laser light in all colors
or in white is desired. Semiconductors, usually a solid chemical element or compound arranged into crystals, are used widely for computer chips or for light generation in telecommunication systems.
and are used to make lasers and LEDS because they can emit light of a specific color
The most preferred light emitting material for semiconductors is indium gallium nitride though other materials such as cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide also are used for emitting visible colors.
To produce all possible wavelengths in the visible spectral range you need several semiconductors of very different lattice constants
and energy bandgaps. ur goal is to achieve a single semiconductor piece capable of laser operation in the three fundamental lasing colors.
Later on they realized simultaneous laser operation in green and red from a single semiconductor nanosheet or nanowires.
if a single white laser is ever possible. Blue, necessary to produce white, proved to be a greater challenge with its wide energy bandgap
which is required to demonstrate eventual white lasers, said Turkdogan, who is now assistant professor at University of Yalova in Turkey.
and an important breakthrough that finally made it possible to grow a single piece of structure containing three segments of different semiconductors emitting all needed colors and the white lasers possible.
significant obstacles remain to make such white lasers applicable for real-life lighting or display applications.
One of crucial next steps is to achieve the similar white lasers under the drive of a battery.
For the present demonstration, the researchers had to use a laser light to pump electrons to emit light.
and will lay the groundwork for the eventual white lasers under electrical operation
#Strength in numbers: Researchers develop the first-ever quantum device that detects and corrects its own errors Abstract:
Rice physicists build superconductor analog, observe antiferromagnetic order February 23rd, 2015quantum Computing Forbidden quantum leaps possible with high-res spectroscopy March 2nd,
and silicon photonics will affect integrated circuits. In addition to its R&d activities, IRT Nanoelec runs a technology transfer program set up to ensure that the innovations developed directly benefit businesses especially small and mid-sized businesses in all industries.
at USC Los angeles. They focus mainly on optical spectroscopy and electron transport at the nanometer scale.
it is suited not to the field of optoelectronics where TMDCS such as molybdenum disulphide (Mos2) have a clear advantage thanks to exhibiting a finite band gap in the visible wavelength range.
Analytical techniques including photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) are used to follow the effects of the plasma treatments on a range of samples having different numbers of layers.
The authors successfully demonstrate the generation of an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2 through the use of an easy to use, scalable oxygen induced plasma process.
The direct gap semiconductor show a significantly enhanced PL emission due to the efficient absorption of light in direct gap materials
When later Boyd examined the copper plate using Raman spectroscopy, a technique used for detecting and identifying graphene,
which is important for calculating the amount of energy a single particle of light, or photon, Boyd wondered
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology
which means they emit light of a particular wavelength in response to incoming light of a different wavelength.
The lab found quantum dots that emit blue light were easiest to produce from bituminous coal. The researchers suggested their quantum dots may also enhance sensing, electronic and photovoltaic applications.
Imaging JPK reports on the use of optical tweezers in the Schieber Research Group at Illinois Institute of technology March 18th, 2015fei Joins University of Ulm and CEOS on SALVE Project Research Collaboration:
Cash prize and grant awarded during SPIE Bios/Photonics West 2015 conference February 21st,201 2
They discharged a very small current between the electrodes to create a spatial map of the underlying tissue based upon the flow of electricity at different frequencies, a technique called impedance spectroscopy.
"Our device is a comprehensive demonstration that tissue health in a living organism can be mapped locally using impedance spectroscopy,
"In the past, people have used impedance spectroscopy for cell cultures or relatively simple measurements in tissue. What makes this unique is extending that to detect
Videos/Movies Light as puppeteer: Controlling particles with light and microfibers March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015news and information 30 years after C60:
Now, a new JQI study has shown how to sharpen nanoscale microscopy (nanoscopy) even more by better locating the exact position of the light source.
Diffraction limittraditional microscopy is limited by the diffraction of light around objects. That is when a light wave from the source strikes the object, the wave will scatter somewhat.
This scattering limits the spatial resolution of a conventional microscope to no better than about one-half the wavelength of the light being used.
For visible light, diffraction limits the resolution to no be better than a few hundred nanometers. How then, can microscopy using visible light attain a resolution down to several nanometers?
By using tiny light sources that are no larger than a few nanometers in diameter. Examples of these types of light sources are fluorescent molecules, nanoparticles, and quantum dots.
The JQI work uses quantum dots which are tiny crystals of a semiconductor material that can emit single photons of light.
If such tiny light sources are close enough to the object meant to be mapped or imaged, nanometer scale features can be resolved.
This type of microscopy, called"Super-resolution imaging,"surmounts the standard diffraction limit. Image-dipole distortionsjqi fellow Edo Waks and his colleagues have performed nanoscopic mappings of the electromagnetic field profile around silver nanowires by positioning quantum dots (the emitter) nearby.
Previous work summarized at http://jqi. umd. edu/news/using-single-quantum dots-probe-nanowires. They discovered that sub-wavelength imaging suffered from a fundamental problem,
namely that an"image dipole"induced in the surface of the nanowire was distorting knowledge of the quantum dot's true position.
Since the measured light from the dot is the substance of the imaging process, the presence of light coming from the"image dipole"can interfere with light coming directly from the dot.
This distorts the perceived position of the dot by an amount which is 10 times higher than the expected spatial accuracy of the imaging technique
2015eu Funded PCATDES Project has completed its half-period with success March 19th, 2015imaging JPK reports on the use of optical tweezers in the Schieber Research Group at Illinois Institute of technology March 18th,
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th,
2015jpk reports on the use of optical tweezers in the Schieber Research Group at Illinois Institute of technology March 18th, 2015light as puppeteer:
Controlling particles with light and microfibers March 18th, 2015nano piano's lullaby could mean storage breakthrough March 16th, 201 2
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