Such a system could be used to monitor patients who are at high risk for blood clots says Sangeeta Bhatia senior author of the paper and the John and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and Electrical engineering and Computer science.
By creating a computer model of that microstructure and studying its response to various conditions, e found that there is a mechanism that can, in principle, close cracks under any applied stress,
A computer simulation of the molecular stucture of a metal alloy, showing the boundaries between microcystalline grains (white lines forming hexagons),
#Better robot vision Object recognition is one of the most widely studied problems in computer vision.
and Computer science is exploiting a statistical construct called the Bingham distribution. In a paper they re presenting in November at the International Conference on Intelligent Robots
and Systems Glover and MIT alumna Sanja Popovic 12 MENG 13 who is now at Google describes a new robot-vision algorithm based on the Bingham distribution that is 15 percent better than its best
That algorithm however is for analyzing high-quality visual data in familiar settings. Because the Bingham distribution is a tool for reasoning probabilistically it promises even greater advantages in contexts where information is patchy or unreliable.
In cases where visual information is particularly poor his algorithm offers an improvement of more than 50 percent over the best alternatives.
because it allows the algorithm to get more information out of each ambiguous local feature.
Because Bingham distributions are so central to his work Glover has developed also a suite of software tools that greatly speed up calculations involving them.
The software is freely available online for other researchers to use. In the rotationone reason the Bingham distribution is so useful for robot vision is that it provides a way to combine information from different sources.
Generally determining an object s orientation entails trying to superimpose a geometric model of the object over visual data captured by a camera in the case of Glover s work a Microsoft Kinect camera
Imagine too that software has identified four locations in an image where color or depth values change abruptly likely to be the corners of an object.
Most algorithms Glover s included will take a first stab at aligning the points. In the case of the tetrahedron assume that after that provisional alignment every point in the model is near a point in the object but not perfectly coincident with it.
and Popovic s algorithm to explore possible rotations in a principled way quickly converging on the one that provides the best fit between points.
The current version of Glover and Popovic s algorithm integrates point-rotation probabilities with several other such probabilities.
In experiments involving visual data about particularly cluttered scenes depicting the kinds of environments in which a household robot would operate Glover s algorithm had about the same false positive-rate rate as the best existing algorithm:
Glover argues that that difference is because of his algorithm s better ability to determine object orientations.
He also believes that additional sources of information could improve the algorithm s performance even further.
Gary Bradski vice president of computer vision and machine learning at Magic Leap and president and CEO of Opencv the nonprofit that oversees the most widely used open-source computer-vision software library believes that the Bingham
In November, Romanishin now a research scientist in MIT Computer science and Artificial intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) Rus,
a professor of electrical engineering and computer science and director of CSAIL. e just needed a creative insight
The sliding-cube model simplifies the development of self-assembly algorithms, but the robots that implement them tend to be much more complex devices.
and designing algorithms to guide them. e want hundreds of cubes, scattered randomly across the floor,
an associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign who was not part of the research team. he possibilities are endless:
In previous studies using mouse models of fragile X, Bear and others discovered that the loss of this gene results in exaggerated protein synthesis at synapses, the specialized sites of communication between neurons.
Of particular interest, they found that this protein synthesis was stimulated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, downstream of a glutamate receptor called mglur5.
the researchers used a mouse model of 16p11.2 microdeletion, created by Alea Mills at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
biochemical, and behavioral analyses, the MIT team compared this 16p11.2 mouse with what they already had established in the fragile X mouse.
Synaptic protein synthesis was disrupted indeed in the hippocampus, a part of the brain important for memory formation.
GCS began going to the villages and selling solar-powered lamps, which also charge cellphones. Suddenly, its product started moving and fast. hat
and other devices such as the cellphone charger that GCS later developed. e called it our universal adapter,
#Drive-by heat mapping In 2007, Google unleashed a fleet of cars with roof-mounted cameras to provide street-level images of roads around the world.
An onboard control system has software to track the route and manage the cameras. On the software side, computer vision and machine-learning algorithms stitch together the images, extract features,
and filter out background objects. In one night, the cars can generate more than 3 terabytes of data,
But there were many challenges. ery expensive thermal cameras had lower resolution than your smartphone camera,
Among other things, this included an algorithm called Kinetic Super Resolution co-invented with Sarma and MIT postdoc Jonathan Jesneck that computationally combines many different images taken with an inexpensive low-resolution
Not just finding the culprits These early innovations to the hardware have nabled Essess to have this large-scale,
software-analytics approach, says Sarma, who is now Essessboard director. For utility companies, this means pinpointing home and building owners who are more or less likely to implement energy-efficient measures.
To do so, Sarma helped develop software that brings in household and demographic data such as information on householdsmortgage payments
And constant tweaks had to be made to the GPS SYSTEM that required more sophisticated software. hen youe driving around
There also the software. ou get the system running and realize there a tree in front of the building and,
was finding how closely coupled the hardware was to the software. his is truly mechatronic,
he says. small change to the hardware could have profound effects on the software. You may say,
but that changes everything else in the software. You really have to think about everything together.
and their co-authors at IBM T. J. Watson Research center, Hong kong Polytechnic University, and the University of Minnesota.
Many researchers see improved interconnection of optical and electronic components as a path to more efficient computation and imaging systems.
Phaedon Avouris, a researcher at IBM and co-author of the paper, says, he combination of these two materials provides a unique system that allows the manipulation of optical processes. he combined materials create a tuned system that can be adjusted to allow light only of certain specific wavelengths
a researcher at IBM and the University of Minnesota, says, ur work paves the way for using 2-D material heterostructures for engineering new optical properties on demand. nother potential application,
Vandiver made the organization first 3-D printed land mine example from an existing computer-aided design (CAD) model of a Russian antipersonnel landmine.
The closest 3-D printers however, were at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD.
and MIT students to improve their CAD skills and learn to perfect 3-D printing.
Ten months ago, the Golden West Foundation completed its first complete set of 3-D-printed models, ready for use in training.
Golden West is receiving orders from around the world for models made on 3-D printers set up by Golden West in Phnom penh.
Melanie Gonick/MIT (with computer simulations from Alexei Bylinkskii) Friction and force fieldsthe team simulated friction at the nanoscale by first engineering two surfaces to be placed in contact:
#Toward tiny, solar-powered sensors The latest buzz in the information technology industry regards he Internet of thingsthe idea that vehicles, appliances, civil-engineering structures, manufacturing equipment,
and even livestock would have embedded their own sensors that report information directly to networked servers,
an MIT graduate student in electrical engineering and computer science and first author on the new paper. e need to regulate the input to extract the maximum power,
that can be tossed into potentially hazardous areas to instantly transmit panoramic images of those areas back to a smartphone. t basically gives a quick assessment of a dangerous situation,
Software uploads these disparate images to a mobile device and stitches them together rapidly into full panoramic images.
a computer scientist who had founded co a few tech startups including Picturetel, directly out of graduate school, with the late MIT professor David Staelin before coming to VMS as a mentor in 2007.
and too expensive for wide use. started looking into low-cost, very simple technologies to pair with your smartphone,
six-lensed camera that pulls raw images from its lenses simultaneously into one processor. This reduces complexity
The ball also serves as its own wireless hotspot, through Bounce Imaging network, that a mobile device uses to quickly grab those images ecause a burning building probably isn going to have Wi-fi,
but we still want to work with a first responder existing smartphone, Aguilar says. But the key innovation, Aguilar says,
is the image-stitching software, developed by engineers at the Costa rican Institute of technology. The software algorithms, Aguilar says,
vastly reduce computational load and work around noise and other image-quality problems. Because of this, it can stitch multiple images in a fraction of a second,
compared with about one minute through other methods. In fact after the Explorer release, Aguilar says Bounce Imaging may option its image-stitching technology for drones, video games, movies,
or smartphone technologies. ur main focus is making sure the Explorer works well in the market,
Aguilar says. nd then wee trying to see what exciting things we can do with the imaging processing,
which are needed for brief transmissions of data from wearable devices such as heart-rate monitors, computers, or smartphones, the researchers say.
They may also be useful for other applications where high power is needed in small volumes
for example using Wi-fi, over a long distance. At the moment, the coin-sized batteries used in many small electronic devices have limited very ability to deliver a lot of power at once,
which is what such data transmissions need. ong-distance Wi-fi requires a fair amount of power,
Consumers are very sensitive to the size of wearable devices. The innovation is especially significant for small devices,
Processes now used to upgrade and desulfurize heavy crude oil are expensive and energy-intensive, and they require hydrogen,
Ghoniem says. ur goal is to provide computer models that companies can use to predict performance before they start building new equipment.
Nevertheless, the researchers were able to use powerful computers to accurately solve their CFD model,
They are taking a closer look at inexpensive catalysts that can help encourage the breakdown of large hydrocarbons
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
Power electronics is a ubiquitous technology used to convert electricity to higher or lower voltages and different currents such as in a laptop power adapter
and laptop power adapters one-third the size or even small enough to fit inside the computer itself. his is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to change electronics
an MIT associate professor of electrical engineering and computer science who co-invented the technology. Other cofounders and co-inventors are Anantha Chandrakasan, the Joseph F. and Nancy P. Keithley Professor in Electrical engineering, now chair of CEI technical advisory board;
Major applications CEI is currently using its advanced transistors to develop laptop power adaptors that are approximately 1. 5 cubic inches in volume the smallest ever made.
is better power electronics for data centers run by Google, Amazon, Facebook, and other companies, to power the cloud.
a workshop hosted by the Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science, where entrepreneurial engineering students are guided through the startup process with group discussions and talks from seasoned entrepreneurs.
Doggie Wearables Monitoring Shoppers and Catching TV While You Doze off In the past two years there been a boom in talk around the Internet of things and Wearables.
biometric sensors will be featured in 40 percent of smartphones shipped to end users With the way technology is developing and the increasing consumer demand,
The technology uses mobile phones and tablets to collect data on where people are and how theye moving.
via Geeky Gadgets) Kipstr Will Catch the TV you Can Stay Awake For Kipstr Will Catch the TV you Can't Stay Awake For The Kipstr being worn to check if youe fallen asleep (Photo credit:
while theye watching TV. via 3d Print t
#Researchers use oxides to flip graphene conductivity Graphene a one-atom thick lattice of carbon atoms is touted often as a revolutionary material that will take the place of silicon at the heart of electronics.
Put together in sequence these p-n junctions form transistors which can in turn be combined into integrated circuits microchips and processors.
The finding has the potential to increase graphene's use in computers as in computer chips that use electronic spin to store data.
the Rice team used sophisticated computer modeling to show it's possible to rip nanoribbons
First the cell absorbs sunlight which excites electrons in the active layer of the cell.
A similar effect can be realized at a much smaller scale by using arrays of metallic nanostructures since light of certain wavelengths excites collective oscillations of free electrons known as plasmon resonances in such structures.
This method is analogous to half-toning used in ink-based printing and results in a broad color gamut comments Yang.
Researchers use aluminum nanostructures for photorealistic printing of plasmonic color palettes More information: Tan S. J. Zhang L. Zhu D. Goh X. M. Wang Y. M. et al.
Plasmonic color palettes for photorealistic printing with aluminum nanostructures. Nano Letters 14 4023#4029 (2014.
Advanced Materials search and more info website Provided by University at Buffalo search and more info websit
#High-resolution patterns of quantum dots with e-jet printing A team of 17 materials science and engineering researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana#Champaign and Erciyes University in Turkey have authored High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots
Are formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes. Their paper was published in Nano Letters an ACS journal.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes.
The thickness can be controlled through a combination of printing parameters including the size of the nozzle the stage speed ink composition and voltage bias.
Their work on high-resolution patterns of quantum dots is of interest as it shows that advanced techniques in e-jet printing offer powerful capabilities in patterning quantum dot materials from solution inks over large areas.
E-jet printing refers to a technique called electrohydrodynamic jet described as a micro/nanomanufacturing process that uses an electric field to induce fluid jet printing through micro/nanoscale nozzles.
The resolution of conventional ink jet-printers printers is limited. For the past seven years she said Rogers has been developing the electrohydrodynamic jet printing method.
This kind of printer works by pulling ink droplets out of the nozzle rather than pushing them allowing for smaller droplets.
An electric field at the nozzle opening causes ions to form on the meniscus of the ink droplet.
Then a tiny droplet shears off and lands on the printing surface. A computer program controls the printer by directing the movement of the substrate
and varying the voltage at the nozzle to print a given pattern. Dot line square and complex images as QD patterns are possible the researchers said with tunable dimensions and thickness.
They wrote that these arrays as well as those constructed with multiple different QD materials directly patterned/stacked by e-jet printing can be utilized as photoluminescent and electroluminescent layers.
As for TV technology nearly every TV manufacturer at CES this year remarked Geoffrey Morrison in CNET said quantum dots helped deliver better more lifelike color.
Writing in IEEE Spectrum on Monday Prachi Patel similarly made note that Quantum dots (QDS) are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that used in light-emitting diodes (LEDS) hold the promise of brighter faster displays.
In the IEEE story headlined High-resolution Printing of Quantum dots For Vibrant Inexpensive Displays Patel said these researchers repurposed a printing method which they devised for other applications.
Inkjet printers usually have a few hundred nozzles said Patel. The difficulty with the e-jet printing method is that the electric field at one nozzle affects the fields of neighboring nozzles.
They are trying to figure out how to isolate nozzles in order to eliminate that crosstalk. Explore further:
High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots Formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes Nano Lett. Article ASAP.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots (QDS) with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes (LEDS).
The shapes and thicknesses of the QD patterns exhibit systematic dependence on the dimensions of the printing nozzle and the ink composition in ways that allow nearly arbitrary systematic control when exploited in a fully automated printing tool.
Sequential printing of different types of QDS in a multilayer stack or in an interdigitated geometry provides strategies for continuous tuning of the effective overall emission wavelengths of the resulting QD LEDS.
which is entitled"Colloidal Nanoparticles as Catalysts and Catalyst Precursors for Nitrite Hydrogenation"on Thursday 15 january a
The team's most recent advance also brings the field closer to realizing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon transistors in computer chips and in high-frequency communication devices,
In this study researchers exposed cultured laboratory mouse cells resembling the arterial wall cells to NPS of silicon dioxide
The renewable energy sources of tomorrow will often be found far away from the end user. Wind turbines, for example, are most effective when placed out at sea.
-which requires expensive equipment sophisticated processing methods and user expertise. This manufacturing cost is a major reason why semiconductor devices such as solar cells lasers
and active electronics via 3-D printing (Phys. org) As part of a project demonstrating new 3-D printing techniques Princeton researchers have embedded tiny light-emitting diodes into a standard contact lens
In the recent past a team of Princeton professors including Mcalpine created a bionic ear out of living cells with an embedded antenna that could receive radio signals.
Kong the lead author of the Oct 31 article describing the current work in the journal Nano Letters said that the contact lens project on the other hand involved the printing of active electronics using diverse materials.
Mcalpine said that one of 3-D printing's greatest strengths is its ability to create electronics in complex forms.
and then stacks them into three dimensions 3-D printers can create vertical structures as easily as horizontal ones.
To conduct the research the team built a new type of 3-D printer that Mcalpine described as somewhere between off-the-shelf and really fancy.
and build the new printer which Mcalpine estimated cost in the neighborhood of $20000. Mcalpine said that he does not envision 3-D printing replacing traditional manufacturing in electronics any time soon;
instead they are complementary technologies with very different strengths. Traditional manufacturing which uses lithography to create electronic components is a fast and efficient way to make multiple copies with a very high reliability.
Manufacturers are using 3-D printing which is slow but easy to change and customize to create molds and patterns for rapid prototyping.
Trying to print a cellphone is probably not the way to go Mcalpine said It is customization that gives the power to 3-D printing.
In this case the researchers were able to custom 3-D print electronics on a contact lens by first scanning the lens and feeding the geometric information back into the printer.
ACS Nano Publication Date (Web: November 29 2014 DOI: 10.1021/nn505420 0
#New technique allows low-cost creation of 3-D nanostructures Researchers from North carolina State university have developed a new lithography technique that uses nanoscale spheres to create three-dimensional (3-D) structures
The new technique could also be used to create nanoscale inkjet printers for printing electronics or biological cells or to create antennas or photonic components.
Heterostructured nanoparticles can be used as catalysts and in advanced energy conversion and storage systems. Typically these nanoparticles are created from tiny seeds of one material on top of
when one material grows on another said nanoscientist Elena Shevchenko of Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials a DOE Office of Science user facility.
Thanks to state-of-the-art X-ray analysis provided by Argonne's Advanced Photon Source (APS) a DOE Office of Science user facility the researchers identified the cause of the dumbbell formation as lattice mismatch in
He describes the thread's width as phenomenally small only a few atoms across hundreds of thousands of times smaller than an optical fiber enormously thinner that an average human hair.
and spatially separated photon pairs (e g. for quantum cryptography) is already a reality. So far it has
A precise control and manipulation of quantum-mechanical states could pave the way for promising applications such as quantum computers and quantum cryptography.
which are of essential importance for quantum cryptography. An analogous generation and spatial separation of entangled electrons in solids would be of fundamental importance for future applications
and colleagues including Ban turned to expertise and a unique instrument at EMSL DOE's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory a DOE Office of Science User Facility at PNNL.
The researchers combined semiconductor nanorods and carbon nanotubes to create a wireless light-sensitive flexible film that could potentially replace a damaged retina.
Computer simulations sharpen insights into molecules The resolution of scanning tunnelling microscopes can be improved dramatically by attaching small molecules or atoms to their tip.
Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech republic in Prague have used now computer simulations to gain deeper insights into the physics of these new imaging techniques.
Nanoporous metals offer an increased number of available sites for the adsorption of analytes a highly desirable feature for sensors.
Last a technique known as anisotropic ion beam milling (IBM) is used to etch through the mask to make an array of holes creating the nanoporous metal.
which display processor memory and energy devices are integrated. The high temperature processes essential for high performance electronic devices have restricted severely the development of flexible electronics because of the fundamental thermal instabilities of polymer materials.
The transferred device successfully demonstrates fully-functional random access memory operation on flexible substrates even under severe bending.
The ILLO process can be applied to diverse flexible electronics such as driving circuits for displays and inorganic-based energy devices such as battery solar cell and self-powered devices that require high temperature processes s
from the London Centre for Nanotechnology (UCL Mathematics & Physical sciences), said:""The pores have been known to act like a sieve that could hold back sugar
and IBM's T. J. Watson Research center have developed a prototype DNA reader that could make whole genome profiling an everyday practice in medicine.
The technology we've developed might just be the first big step in building a single-molecule sequencing device based on ordinary computer chip technology said Lindsay.
This made it impossible to use computer chip manufacturing methods to make devices said Lindsay.
Inorganic#Organic Hybrid Nanoprobe for NIR-Excited Imaging of Hydrogen sulfide in Cell Cultures and Inflammation in a Mouse Model.
Scientists have developed now a fast low-cost way of making these sensors by directly printing conductive ink on paper.
Metal ink could ease the way toward flexible electronic books displays More information: Direct Writing on Paper of Foldable Capacitive Touch Pads with Silver nanowire Inks ACS Appl.
Post deposition silver nanowire tracks can be sintered photonically using a camera flash to reduce sheet resistance similar to thermal sintering approaches.
Once injected, the material locks into place at the site of the injury and rapidly decreases the time it takes for blood to clot in some instances by a whopping 77 percent,
or she can inject the material into the wound site where it will trigger a rapid coagulation
and his colleagues solidifies at the site of the wound and begins promoting coagulation in the targeted area.
and then regain its shape once inside the body something necessary for locking itself in place at the wound site,
it will probably be thanks to MIT spinout QD Vision, a pioneer of quantum dot television displays.
QD Vision has developed an optical component that can boost the color gamut for LCD televisions by roughly 50 percent,
Last June, Sony used QD Vision product, called Color IQ, in millions of its Bravia riluminostelevisions, marking the first-ever commercial quantum dot display.
ecause a lot of growth for the TV market is there, says Seth Coe-Sullivan Phd, cofounder and chief technology officer of QD Vision,
these displays will be olling out to the rest of the world. Replacing the bulb In conventional LCD TVS
and green filters to produce the colors on the screen. But this actually requires phosphors to convert a blue light to white;
and displays only reach about 70 to 80 percent of the National Television Standard Committee color gamut.
with greater power efficiency than any other technology. he value proposition is that you are not changing the display,
and yet the entire display looks much better. The colors are much more vivid known as much more saturated allowing you to generate a much more believable image,
Green from radle to gravewhile QD Vision aims to bring consumers more color-saturated displays,
which replaces phosphor in displays the company developed a much greener synthesis, according to the EPA.
Other technologies, called organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, use an organic compound to reach upward of 100 percent of the color gamut
Lighting to displays, and back QD Vision technology began at MIT more than a decade ago.
Coe-Sullivan, then a Phd student in electrical engineering and computer science, was working with Bulovic and students of Moungi Bawendi, the Lester Wolfe Professor in Chemistry,
quantum dot displays. aking a transition like that from lighting to displays tests the nerves of folks involved, from top to bottom,
Pooling all resources into displays, the company eventually caught the eye of Sony, and last year became the first to market with a quantum dot display.
Today, QD Vision remains one of only two quantum dot display companies that have seen their products go to market.
Now, with a sharp rise in commercial use, quantum dot technologies are positioned to penetrate the display industry
Coe-Sullivan says. Along with Color IQ-powered LCD TVS, Amazon released a quantum dot Kindle last year,
and Asus has a quantum dot notebook. nd there nothing in between that quantum dots can address,
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