The algorithm which makes subtle changes to various points on the face to make it more memorable without changing a person s overall appearance was unveiled earlier this month at the International Conference on Computer Vision in Sydney.
which people will actually remember a face says lead author Aditya Khosla a graduate student in the Computer Vision group within CSAIL.
To develop the memorability algorithm the team first fed the software a database of more than 2000 images.
In this way the software was able to analyze the information to detect subtle trends in the features of these faces that made them more or less memorable to people.
All the hardware it requires can already be found in commercial lidar systems; the new system just deploys that hardware in a manner more in tune with the physics of low light-level imaging and natural scenes.
Count the photonsas Ahmed Kirmani a graduate student in MIT s Department of Electrical engineering and Computer science and lead author on the new paper explains the very idea of forming an image with only a single photon detected at each pixel location is counterintuitive.
The technique known as raster scanning is how old cathode ray tube-tube televisions produced images illuminating one phosphor dot on the screen at a time.
The camera is based on ime of Flighttechnology like that used in Microsoft recently launched second-generation Kinect device, in
This allows the team to use inexpensive hardware off-the-shelf light-emitting diodes (LEDS) can strobe at nanosecond periods,
Davis says. ormally the computer scientists who could invent the processing on this data can build the devices,
Davis says. o it going to go from expensive to cheap thanks to video games, and that should shorten the time before people start wondering what it can be used for,
They are now studying mouse models of colon and ovarian cancer. The research was funded by the Austrian Science Fund the National institutes of health Janssen Pharmaceuticals Inc. the Koch Institute MIT s Center for Environmental Health Sciences the Volkswagenstiftung the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft the German
To create a sonic portrait of a single speaker Glass explains a computer system will generally have to analyze more than 2000 different speech sounds;
According to Patrick Kenny a principal research scientist at the Computer Research Institute of Montreal i-vectors were devised originally to solve the problem of speaker recognition or determining whether the same speaker features on multiple recordings.
We think that in this mouse model we may have some kind of indication that there s a disorganized thinking process going on says Junghyup Suh a research scientist at the Picower Institute
This mutant mouse doesn t seem to have that kind of replay of a previous experience.
when a person (or mouse) is resting between goal-oriented tasks. When the brain is focusing on a specific goal
Compilers are computer programs that translate high-level instructions written in human-readable languages like Java or C into low-level instructions that machines can execute.
modifying algorithms specified by programmers so that theyl run more efficiently. Sometimes that means simply discarding lines of code that appear to serve no purpose.
At the ACM Symposium on Operating systems Principles in November, MIT researchers will present a new system
commercial software engineers have downloaded already Stack and begun using it, with encouraging results. As strange as it may seem to nonprogrammers or people
f youe a programmer, you should not write a statement where you take some number and divide it by zero.
and there are things that are undefined behavior that most programmers don realize are undefined behavior. A classic example
the computer will lop off the bits that don fit. n machines, integers have a limit,
Seasoned C programmers will actually exploit this behavior to verify that program inputs don exceed some threshold.
According to Wang, programmers give a range of explanations for this practice. Some say that the intent of the comparison an overflow check is clearer
and identified every undefined behavior that he and his coauthors Kaashoek and his fellow EECS professors Nickolai Zeldovich and Armando Solar-Lezama imagined that a programmer might ever inadvertently invoke.
but not the first and warns the programmer that it could pose problems. The MIT researchers tested their system on several open-source programs.
Mattias Engdegård, an engineer at Intel, is one of the developers who found Stack online
By creating a computer model of that microstructure and studying its response to various conditions, e found that there is a mechanism that can, in principle, close cracks under any applied stress,
A computer simulation of the molecular stucture of a metal alloy, showing the boundaries between microcystalline grains (white lines forming hexagons),
#Better robot vision Object recognition is one of the most widely studied problems in computer vision.
Because Bingham distributions are so central to his work Glover has developed also a suite of software tools that greatly speed up calculations involving them.
The software is freely available online for other researchers to use. In the rotationone reason the Bingham distribution is so useful for robot vision is that it provides a way to combine information from different sources.
Generally determining an object s orientation entails trying to superimpose a geometric model of the object over visual data captured by a camera in the case of Glover s work a Microsoft Kinect camera
Imagine too that software has identified four locations in an image where color or depth values change abruptly likely to be the corners of an object.
Gary Bradski vice president of computer vision and machine learning at Magic Leap and president and CEO of Opencv the nonprofit that oversees the most widely used open-source computer-vision software library believes that the Bingham
In previous studies using mouse models of fragile X, Bear and others discovered that the loss of this gene results in exaggerated protein synthesis at synapses, the specialized sites of communication between neurons.
the researchers used a mouse model of 16p11.2 microdeletion, created by Alea Mills at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
biochemical, and behavioral analyses, the MIT team compared this 16p11.2 mouse with what they already had established in the fragile X mouse.
Synaptic protein synthesis was disrupted indeed in the hippocampus, a part of the brain important for memory formation.
An onboard control system has software to track the route and manage the cameras. On the software side, computer vision and machine-learning algorithms stitch together the images, extract features,
and filter out background objects. In one night, the cars can generate more than 3 terabytes of data,
Not just finding the culprits These early innovations to the hardware have nabled Essess to have this large-scale,
software-analytics approach, says Sarma, who is now Essessboard director. For utility companies, this means pinpointing home and building owners who are more or less likely to implement energy-efficient measures.
To do so, Sarma helped develop software that brings in household and demographic data such as information on householdsmortgage payments
And constant tweaks had to be made to the GPS SYSTEM that required more sophisticated software. hen youe driving around
There also the software. ou get the system running and realize there a tree in front of the building and,
was finding how closely coupled the hardware was to the software. his is truly mechatronic,
he says. small change to the hardware could have profound effects on the software. You may say,
but that changes everything else in the software. You really have to think about everything together.
and their co-authors at IBM T. J. Watson Research center, Hong kong Polytechnic University, and the University of Minnesota.
Phaedon Avouris, a researcher at IBM and co-author of the paper, says, he combination of these two materials provides a unique system that allows the manipulation of optical processes. he combined materials create a tuned system that can be adjusted to allow light only of certain specific wavelengths
a researcher at IBM and the University of Minnesota, says, ur work paves the way for using 2-D material heterostructures for engineering new optical properties on demand. nother potential application,
Vandiver made the organization first 3-D printed land mine example from an existing computer-aided design (CAD) model of a Russian antipersonnel landmine.
The closest 3-D printers however, were at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD.
and MIT students to improve their CAD skills and learn to perfect 3-D printing.
Ten months ago, the Golden West Foundation completed its first complete set of 3-D-printed models, ready for use in training.
Golden West is receiving orders from around the world for models made on 3-D printers set up by Golden West in Phnom penh.
Melanie Gonick/MIT (with computer simulations from Alexei Bylinkskii) Friction and force fieldsthe team simulated friction at the nanoscale by first engineering two surfaces to be placed in contact:
and even livestock would have embedded their own sensors that report information directly to networked servers,
Software uploads these disparate images to a mobile device and stitches them together rapidly into full panoramic images.
a computer scientist who had founded co a few tech startups including Picturetel, directly out of graduate school, with the late MIT professor David Staelin before coming to VMS as a mentor in 2007.
six-lensed camera that pulls raw images from its lenses simultaneously into one processor. This reduces complexity
that a mobile device uses to quickly grab those images ecause a burning building probably isn going to have Wi-fi,
is the image-stitching software, developed by engineers at the Costa rican Institute of technology. The software algorithms, Aguilar says,
vastly reduce computational load and work around noise and other image-quality problems. Because of this, it can stitch multiple images in a fraction of a second,
after the Explorer release, Aguilar says Bounce Imaging may option its image-stitching technology for drones, video games, movies,
which are needed for brief transmissions of data from wearable devices such as heart-rate monitors, computers, or smartphones, the researchers say.
Ghoniem says. ur goal is to provide computer models that companies can use to predict performance before they start building new equipment.
Nevertheless, the researchers were able to use powerful computers to accurately solve their CFD model,
They are taking a closer look at inexpensive catalysts that can help encourage the breakdown of large hydrocarbons
BPA, another endocrine-disrupting synthetic compound widely used in plastic bottles and other resinous consumer goods, from thermal printing paper samples;
Power electronics is a ubiquitous technology used to convert electricity to higher or lower voltages and different currents such as in a laptop power adapter
and laptop power adapters one-third the size or even small enough to fit inside the computer itself. his is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to change electronics
Major applications CEI is currently using its advanced transistors to develop laptop power adaptors that are approximately 1. 5 cubic inches in volume the smallest ever made.
The technology uses mobile phones and tablets to collect data on where people are and how theye moving.
Put together in sequence these p-n junctions form transistors which can in turn be combined into integrated circuits microchips and processors.
The finding has the potential to increase graphene's use in computers as in computer chips that use electronic spin to store data.
the Rice team used sophisticated computer modeling to show it's possible to rip nanoribbons
This method is analogous to half-toning used in ink-based printing and results in a broad color gamut comments Yang.
Researchers use aluminum nanostructures for photorealistic printing of plasmonic color palettes More information: Tan S. J. Zhang L. Zhu D. Goh X. M. Wang Y. M. et al.
Plasmonic color palettes for photorealistic printing with aluminum nanostructures. Nano Letters 14 4023#4029 (2014.
#High-resolution patterns of quantum dots with e-jet printing A team of 17 materials science and engineering researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana#Champaign and Erciyes University in Turkey have authored High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots
Are formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes. Their paper was published in Nano Letters an ACS journal.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes.
The thickness can be controlled through a combination of printing parameters including the size of the nozzle the stage speed ink composition and voltage bias.
Their work on high-resolution patterns of quantum dots is of interest as it shows that advanced techniques in e-jet printing offer powerful capabilities in patterning quantum dot materials from solution inks over large areas.
E-jet printing refers to a technique called electrohydrodynamic jet described as a micro/nanomanufacturing process that uses an electric field to induce fluid jet printing through micro/nanoscale nozzles.
The resolution of conventional ink jet-printers printers is limited. For the past seven years she said Rogers has been developing the electrohydrodynamic jet printing method.
This kind of printer works by pulling ink droplets out of the nozzle rather than pushing them allowing for smaller droplets.
An electric field at the nozzle opening causes ions to form on the meniscus of the ink droplet.
Then a tiny droplet shears off and lands on the printing surface. A computer program controls the printer by directing the movement of the substrate
and varying the voltage at the nozzle to print a given pattern. Dot line square and complex images as QD patterns are possible the researchers said with tunable dimensions and thickness.
They wrote that these arrays as well as those constructed with multiple different QD materials directly patterned/stacked by e-jet printing can be utilized as photoluminescent and electroluminescent layers.
Writing in IEEE Spectrum on Monday Prachi Patel similarly made note that Quantum dots (QDS) are light-emitting semiconductor nanocrystals that used in light-emitting diodes (LEDS) hold the promise of brighter faster displays.
In the IEEE story headlined High-resolution Printing of Quantum dots For Vibrant Inexpensive Displays Patel said these researchers repurposed a printing method which they devised for other applications.
Inkjet printers usually have a few hundred nozzles said Patel. The difficulty with the e-jet printing method is that the electric field at one nozzle affects the fields of neighboring nozzles.
They are trying to figure out how to isolate nozzles in order to eliminate that crosstalk. Explore further:
High-resolution Patterns of Quantum dots Formed by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing for Light-emitting diodes Nano Lett. Article ASAP.
and operating conditions that allow for high-resolution printing of layers of quantum dots (QDS) with precise control over thickness and submicron lateral resolution and capabilities for use as active layers of QD light-emitting diodes (LEDS).
The shapes and thicknesses of the QD patterns exhibit systematic dependence on the dimensions of the printing nozzle and the ink composition in ways that allow nearly arbitrary systematic control when exploited in a fully automated printing tool.
Sequential printing of different types of QDS in a multilayer stack or in an interdigitated geometry provides strategies for continuous tuning of the effective overall emission wavelengths of the resulting QD LEDS.
which is entitled"Colloidal Nanoparticles as Catalysts and Catalyst Precursors for Nitrite Hydrogenation"on Thursday 15 january a
The team's most recent advance also brings the field closer to realizing carbon nanotube transistors as a feasible replacement for silicon transistors in computer chips and in high-frequency communication devices,
In this study researchers exposed cultured laboratory mouse cells resembling the arterial wall cells to NPS of silicon dioxide
and active electronics via 3-D printing (Phys. org) As part of a project demonstrating new 3-D printing techniques Princeton researchers have embedded tiny light-emitting diodes into a standard contact lens
Kong the lead author of the Oct 31 article describing the current work in the journal Nano Letters said that the contact lens project on the other hand involved the printing of active electronics using diverse materials.
Mcalpine said that one of 3-D printing's greatest strengths is its ability to create electronics in complex forms.
and then stacks them into three dimensions 3-D printers can create vertical structures as easily as horizontal ones.
To conduct the research the team built a new type of 3-D printer that Mcalpine described as somewhere between off-the-shelf and really fancy.
and build the new printer which Mcalpine estimated cost in the neighborhood of $20000. Mcalpine said that he does not envision 3-D printing replacing traditional manufacturing in electronics any time soon;
instead they are complementary technologies with very different strengths. Traditional manufacturing which uses lithography to create electronic components is a fast and efficient way to make multiple copies with a very high reliability.
Manufacturers are using 3-D printing which is slow but easy to change and customize to create molds and patterns for rapid prototyping.
Trying to print a cellphone is probably not the way to go Mcalpine said It is customization that gives the power to 3-D printing.
In this case the researchers were able to custom 3-D print electronics on a contact lens by first scanning the lens and feeding the geometric information back into the printer.
The new technique could also be used to create nanoscale inkjet printers for printing electronics or biological cells or to create antennas or photonic components.
Heterostructured nanoparticles can be used as catalysts and in advanced energy conversion and storage systems. Typically these nanoparticles are created from tiny seeds of one material on top of
Computer simulations sharpen insights into molecules The resolution of scanning tunnelling microscopes can be improved dramatically by attaching small molecules or atoms to their tip.
Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and the Academy of Sciences of the Czech republic in Prague have used now computer simulations to gain deeper insights into the physics of these new imaging techniques.
Last a technique known as anisotropic ion beam milling (IBM) is used to etch through the mask to make an array of holes creating the nanoporous metal.
which display processor memory and energy devices are integrated. The high temperature processes essential for high performance electronic devices have restricted severely the development of flexible electronics because of the fundamental thermal instabilities of polymer materials.
The transferred device successfully demonstrates fully-functional random access memory operation on flexible substrates even under severe bending.
The ILLO process can be applied to diverse flexible electronics such as driving circuits for displays and inorganic-based energy devices such as battery solar cell and self-powered devices that require high temperature processes s
and IBM's T. J. Watson Research center have developed a prototype DNA reader that could make whole genome profiling an everyday practice in medicine.
The technology we've developed might just be the first big step in building a single-molecule sequencing device based on ordinary computer chip technology said Lindsay.
This made it impossible to use computer chip manufacturing methods to make devices said Lindsay.
Inorganic#Organic Hybrid Nanoprobe for NIR-Excited Imaging of Hydrogen sulfide in Cell Cultures and Inflammation in a Mouse Model.
Scientists have developed now a fast low-cost way of making these sensors by directly printing conductive ink on paper.
Metal ink could ease the way toward flexible electronic books displays More information: Direct Writing on Paper of Foldable Capacitive Touch Pads with Silver nanowire Inks ACS Appl.
it will probably be thanks to MIT spinout QD Vision, a pioneer of quantum dot television displays.
Last June, Sony used QD Vision product, called Color IQ, in millions of its Bravia riluminostelevisions, marking the first-ever commercial quantum dot display.
these displays will be olling out to the rest of the world. Replacing the bulb In conventional LCD TVS
and green filters to produce the colors on the screen. But this actually requires phosphors to convert a blue light to white;
and displays only reach about 70 to 80 percent of the National Television Standard Committee color gamut.
with greater power efficiency than any other technology. he value proposition is that you are not changing the display,
and yet the entire display looks much better. The colors are much more vivid known as much more saturated allowing you to generate a much more believable image,
Green from radle to gravewhile QD Vision aims to bring consumers more color-saturated displays,
which replaces phosphor in displays the company developed a much greener synthesis, according to the EPA.
Other technologies, called organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, use an organic compound to reach upward of 100 percent of the color gamut
Lighting to displays, and back QD Vision technology began at MIT more than a decade ago.
quantum dot displays. aking a transition like that from lighting to displays tests the nerves of folks involved, from top to bottom,
Pooling all resources into displays, the company eventually caught the eye of Sony, and last year became the first to market with a quantum dot display.
Today, QD Vision remains one of only two quantum dot display companies that have seen their products go to market.
Now, with a sharp rise in commercial use, quantum dot technologies are positioned to penetrate the display industry
Coe-Sullivan says. Along with Color IQ-powered LCD TVS, Amazon released a quantum dot Kindle last year,
and Asus has a quantum dot notebook. nd there nothing in between that quantum dots can address,
and computer screens may seem worlds apart but they're not. When associate professor Qi Hua Fan of the electrical engineering and computer science department set out to make a less expensive supercapacitor for storing renewable energy he developed a new plasma technology that will streamline the production of display screens.
For his work on thin film and plasma technologies Fan was named researcher of the year for the Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering.
His research focuses on nanostructured materials used for photovoltaics energy storage and displays. Last spring Fan received a proof-of-concept grant from the Department of energy through the North Central Regional Sun Grant Center to determine
Applied Nanofilms and Wintek a company that makes flat panel displays for notebooks and touch screens in Ann arbor Michigan provided matching funds.
Through this project Fan developed a faster way of treating the biochar particles using a new technology called plasma activation.
The technique that treats biochar electrodes for supercapacitors can also be used in making displays explained Fan who was a research scientist at Wintek more than 10 years ago.
Since last fall Fan has been collaborating with Wintek on ways of producing more efficient better performing materials such as silicon and carbon thin films for the company's displays.
The high-energy plasma can deposit highly transparent and conductive thin films create high quality semiconductors and pattern micro-or nanoscale devices thus making the display images brighter and clearer.
Additionally nanocomposite materials are used already in fenders and panels in the automotive and textile industry.
eliminating adhesion issues that plagued the transfer of platinum catalysts to common electrodes like transparent conducting oxide.
and bind to them increasing the chances of forming that essential Plug in addition and very importantly these platelets are engineered to dissolve into the blood after their usefulness has run out.
This new transfer technique gets us one step closer to using Mos2 to create flexible computers Cao adds.
#Engineers efficiently'mix'light at the nanoscale The race to make computer components smaller and faster
Current computer systems represent bits of informationhe 1's and 0's of binary codeith electricity Circuit elements,
or computer screen that are produced solely by combinations of red, green and blue pixels. The yellows, oranges and purples those displays make,
however, are a trick of perception, not of physics. Red and blue light are experienced simply simultaneously,
That doesn't work for a computer chip.""To reduce the volume of the material and the power of the light needed to do useful signal mixing,
Information in a photonic computer system could be encoded in a wave's frequency, or the number of oscillations it makes in a second.
Being able to manipulate that quality in one wave with another allows for the fundamentals of computer logic."
Current panels can process only 20 percent of the solar energy they take in. By applying the nanowires the surface area of the panels would increase
and allow more efficient solar energy capture and conversion. The wires could also be applied in the biomedical field to maximize heat production in hyperthermia treatment of cancer.
In fuel cells these nanowire arrays can be used to lower production expenses by relying on more cost-efficient catalysts.
or outperform the current use of platinum and show that these nanowire arrays are better catalysts for the oxygen reduction reactions in the cells says Dr. Manashi Nath assistant professor of chemistry at Missouri S&t.
but previous studies determined the material's edges are highly efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) a process used in fuel cells to pull hydrogen from water.
and high electrical conductivity and are used in products from baseball bats and other sports equipment to lithium-ion batteries and touchscreen computer displays.
and monitor the current through the nanotube,"says Zang, a professor with USTAR, the Utah Science Technology and Research economic development initiative."
#Breakthrough in molecular electronics paves the way for DNA-based computer circuits in the future In a paper published today in Nature Nanotechnology,
The central technological revolution of the 20th century was the development of computers, leading to the communication and Internet era.
A computer with the memory of the average laptop today was the size of a tennis court in the 1970s.
Yet while scientists made great strides in reducing of the size of individual computer components through microelectronics,
they have been less successful at reducing the distance between transistors, the main element of our computers.
and extremely expensive to miniaturize an obstacle that limits the future development of computers. Molecular electronics, which uses molecules as building blocks for the fabrication of electronic components,
which could in turn be used in computers, are DNA molecules. Nevertheless, so far no one has been able to demonstrate reliably and quantitatively the flow of electrical current through long DNA molecules.
which could lead to a new generation of computer circuits that can be sophisticated more, cheaper and simpler to make. k
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