--if current trends continue--food production alone will reach if not exceed the global targets for total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2050.
%This will put emissions from food production alone roughly equal to the target greenhouse gas emissions in 2050 for the entire global economy.
if achieved might mitigate some of the greenhouse gases causing climate change. There are basic laws of biophysics that we cannot evade said lead researcher Bojana Bajzelj from the University of Cambridge's Department of Engineering who authored the study with colleagues from Cambridge's departments of Geography and Plant sciences as well as the University of Aberdeen's Institute of Biological
and releasing more greenhouse gases. Agricultural practices are not necessarily at fault here --but our choice of food is said Bajzelj.
Yield gap closure alone still showed a greenhouse gas increase of just over 40%by 2050.
and halving food waste still showed a small increase of 2%in greenhouse gas emissions. When healthy diets were added the model suggests that all three measures combined result in agricultural GHG levels almost halving from their 2009 level--dropping 48%.
They analyzed tomatoes grown in greenhouses and outdoors with conventional or organic fertilizers. Their data showed a trend toward differentiation of organic and conventional produce.
#Greenhouse gases: New group of soil microorganisms can contribute to their eliminationinra research scientists in Dijon have shown that the ability of soils to eliminate N2o can mainly be explained by the diversity
Nitrous oxide (N2o) is a potent greenhouse gas that is also responsible for destroying the ozone layer. INRA research scientists in Dijon have shown that the ability of soils to eliminate N2o can mainly be explained by the diversity
Nitrous oxide (N2o) is one of the principal greenhouse gases alongside carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4;
Unlike other greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) or methane (CH4) the ability of soils to eliminate N2o
and thus act as a sink for this greenhouse gas has been studied very little hitherto. Their work has shown that this variability is linked to a new group of N2o-consuming microorganisms.
Subsurface warming in the ocean explains why global average air temperatures have flatlined since 1999 despite greenhouse gases trapping more solar heat at Earth's surface.
Researchers simulated a wild environment within greenhouses in Crete and studied the impact of releasing Oxitec flies.
and we have shown they are healthier than the flies traditionally used for SIT. â#oewe simulated a wild environment within secure eight-meter greenhouses containing lemon trees at the University of Crete.
#Regulations needed to identify potentially invasive biofuel cropsif the hottest new plant grown as a biofuel crop is approved based solely on its greenhouse gas emission profile its potential as the next invasive species may not be discovered until it's too late.
In approving new biofuel products Quinn said that the EPA doesn't formally consider invasiveness at all--just greenhouse gas emissions related to their production.
Currently Europe's forests are mitigating climate change by taking up large quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.
#USDA report on greenhouse gas emissions: Uniform tools to measure, manage greenhouse gas emissionsthe U s. Department of agriculture today released a report that for the first time provides uniform scientific methods for quantifying the changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon storage from various land
management and conservation activities. Colorado State university faculty members served as authors and external science advisors on the new report and a CSU team is leading the implementation of a new online tool that provides customized GHG reports
The report Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Agriculture and Forestry: Methods for Entity-Scale Inventory will help the USDA evaluate greenhouse gas mitigation programs
and develop new tools to help farmers ranchers and forest landowners participate in emerging carbon markets.
This report provides science-based methods for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions and carbon storage on local farms ranches and forests allowing managers of these entities to calculate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
while building carbon storage and improving production efficiency on their lands said Stephen Ogle associate professor in CSU's Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability and senior scientist at the Natural resource Ecology Laboratory (NREL).
Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from land use is particularly difficult because there are so many interacting processes and factors that affect emissions said Paustian who is also a senior scientist with NREL.
COMET-Farm is unique in that it allows non-experts to use very advanced methods databases and models for greenhouse gas inventory via a fully spatial user-friendly interface.
and others working to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from land-use activities. Paustian also served as an external science advisor on the USDA report along with Shawn Archibeque associate professor of animal sciences at CSU.
Jacobson said the sum of warming caused by all anthropogenic greenhouse gases--CO2 methane nitrous oxide chlorofluorocarbons
Thus the increased use of clean energy sources that do not emit either greenhouse gases
The environmental inputs the team considered included land use irrigation water greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen fertilizer use.
and 11 times more irrigation water are responsible for releasing 5 times more greenhouse gases and consume 6 times as much nitrogen as eggs or poultry.
Meat turns up the heat as livestock emit greenhouse gaseseating meat contributes to climate change due to greenhouse gasses emitted by livestock.
and that beef cattle are responsible for far more greenhouse gas emissions than other types of animals. It is published by Climactic Change.
and forest removal and comprises the greatest portion of greenhouse gas totals. But methane and nitrous oxide are also greenhouse gasses
and account for approximately 28 percent of global warming activity. Methane and nitrous oxide are released in part by livestock.
These two gasses are responsible for a quarter of these non-carbon dioxide gas emissions and 9 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions overall.
and now at the University of Siena in Italy and Carnegie's Ken Caldeira estimated the greenhouse gas emissions related to livestock in 237 countries over a nearly half a century
The developing world is getting better at reducing greenhouse emissions caused by each animal but this improvement is not keeping up with the increasing demand for meat said Caro.
As a result greenhouse gas emissions from livestock keep going up and up in much of the developing world.
and dairy cattle comprised 74 percent of livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions 54 percent coming from beef cattle and 17 percent from dairy cattle.
To achieve these desirable qualities greenhouse growers in northern latitudes must rely on supplemental lighting from high-pressure sodium lamps during winter months.
A new study shows that light-emitting diodes (LEDS) can give greenhouse growers other lighting options that produce favorable results.
Previously the only way for producers to substantially increase ambient greenhouse was to provide supplemental lighting from high-intensity discharge lights--most commonly high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps.
To determine whether the use of narrow-spectra high-intensity LEDS is can be a practicable supplemental lighting source for greenhouse grown annual bedding plant seedlings researchers Wesley Randall
blue light could be a good combination for greenhouse LED supplemental lighting of bedding plant plugs.
Trace gases called greenhouse gases warm the surface making it habitable for humans plants and animals.
But these greenhouse gases as well as clouds and tiny particles called aerosols in the atmosphere also play vital roles in Earth's complex climate system.
and its four onboard instruments measure some of the climate agents in the atmosphere including greenhouse gases clouds
Measuring Greenhouse Gaseswhen the sun shines On earth some of the light reaches and warms the surface.
and greenhouse gases stop some of the heat from escaping to space keeping the surface warm.
Greenhouse gases are necessary to keep Earth at a habitable temperature but since the Industrial revolution greenhouse gases have increased substantially causing an increase in temperature.
Aura provides measurements of greenhouse gases such as ozone and water vapor helping scientists understand the gases that influence climate.
People plants and animals live in the lowest layer of the atmosphere called the troposphere. In this layer the temperature decreases with altitude as mountain climbers experience.
In the middle and upper troposphere ozone acts as a greenhouse gas trapping heat in Earth's atmosphere.
Tropospheric ozone is one of the most important human-influenced greenhouse gases. Aura's Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument built
For instance ozone appeared to be a more effective greenhouse gas over hotter regions like the tropics and cloud-free regions like the Middle east.
If you want to understand climate change you need to monitor the greenhouse gases and how they change over time said Bryan Duncan an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt Maryland.
Along with ozone Aura measures other important greenhouse gases such as methane carbon dioxide and water vapor. Improving Climate Modelsin addition to greenhouse gases Aura measures several other constituents relevant to climate--smoke dust and clouds including the ice particles within the clouds--that are important
for testing and improving climate models. If you don't have any data then you don't know
Like greenhouse gases high thin clouds in the tropics absorb some of Earth's outgoing heat
Agriculture is responsible for 20 to 35 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions largely in the form of carbon dioxide from tropical deforestation methane from livestock and rice growing and nitrous oxide from crop fertilization.
The study found that the biggest opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas production are in Brazil and Indonesia for deforestation;
Agriculture is the main source of water use greenhouse gas emissions and habitat loss yet we need to grow more food West said.
In controlled greenhouse conditions Radwan grows a variety of soybean cultivars in sandy soil and then stops watering the plants to simulate drought.
In combination these factors could be removing nearly 54 million tons of carbon from the forest each year introduced into the atmosphere as greenhouse gases.
The team's project will focus on designing a Deployable Greenhouse for Food Production for deep-space missions.
accelerate global warmingclemson University scientists are shedding new light on how invasion by exotic plant species affects the ability of soil to store greenhouse gases.
This could make a big difference in protecting tropical biodiversity and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
The rose cultivars were tested in greenhouses in College Station and El paso Texas in response to two salinity levels at electrical conductivity:
which is heating up at about twice the rate of the rest of the planet due to increasing greenhouse gases said CU-Boulder geological sciences Associate professor Jaelyn Eberle a study co-author.
The Eocene epoch which ran from about 56 to 34 million years ago was marked by wild temperature fluctuations including intense greenhouse periods
and plants that were living in the Eocene Arctic greenhouse period said Eberle. To finally get some data on the Eocene marine environment using these shark teeth will help us to begin filling in the gaps.
Eberle and Kim said the early-middle Eocene greenhouse period from 53 to 38 million years ago is used as a deep-time analog by climate scientists for
if CO2 and other greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere continue to rise and what a runaway greenhouse effect potentially could look like.
Through an analysis of fossil sand tiger shark teeth from the western Arctic ocean this study offers new evidence for a less salty Arctic ocean during an ancient'greenhouse period'says Yusheng Chris Liu program
The clearing of tropical forests to plant oil palm trees releases massive amounts of carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas fueling climate change.
Home to the world's third-largest tropical forest the country is also one of the principal emitters of greenhouse gases due to the rapid conversion of carbon-rich forests and peatlands to other uses.
The carbon footprint of plants and trees a measure of all greenhouse gases emitted in a product's life cycle is expressed in units of tons (or kilograms) of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2E.
and evaluate potential system modifications to reduce greenhouse gas emissions Ingram and Hall noted. They added that product differentiation is an increasingly important business strategy for burgeoning green industry businesses
which can reduce greenhouse gases cut down exposure to pollution and provide mental health benefits. However the effect on buildings from the mix of pollutants and organic chemicals has not been accounted previously for.
which can reduce greenhouse gases cut down exposure to pollution and provide mental health benefits. However the effect on buildings from the mix of pollutants and organic chemicals has not been accounted previously for.
Brazil's national commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions along with rising gasoline prices has led to the world's largest fleet of flex-fuel vehicles fueled by the over 36 million tonnes of sugar cane currently grown in the country.
#Vegetarian diets produce fewer greenhouse gases and increase longevity, say new studiesconsuming a plant-based diet results in a more sustainable environment
and reduces greenhouse gas emissions while improving longevity according to new research from Loma Linda University Health.
and compare greenhouse gas emissions as well as assess total mortality. The mortality rate for non-vegetarians was almost 20 percent higher than that for vegetarians and semi-vegetarians.
On top of lower mortality rates switching from non-vegetarian diets to vegetarian diets or even semi-vegetarian diets also helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
since previous studies relating dietary patterns to greenhouse gas emissions and health effects relied on simulated data
Both papers demonstrate that the production of food for human consumption causes significant emissions of greenhouse gases
The project also looks at the scenario where strong greenhouse gas reduction policies are implemented and temperature rise is kept below 2 degrees Celsius (the current international target).
#Light-emitting diode treatments outperform traditional lighting methods for hydroponically grown tomato plantsin Canada where outdoor growing seasons are limited sales from greenhouse fruit
Finding more efficient methods for providing lighting in greenhouse production is a key component to support these high levels of production and increase revenues.
Light irradiance is the limiting factor for increasing production in greenhouses when all other factors (temperature nutrient levels and water availability) are maintained adequately said the authors of a new study.
Mcgill University researchers Paul Deram Mark G. Lefsrud and Valã rie Orsat said that the broad-spectrum high-pressure sodium lamps currently used to provide supplemental lighting for greenhouse are not the most efficient
light source for greenhouse plant production. The team published the findings of their study aimed at finding alternative lighting options in Hortscience.
whether light-emitting diodes (LEDS) could reduce lighting costs in greenhouses. LEDS can be selected to target the wavelengths used by plants enabling growers to customize the light produced to enable maximum plant production
These treatments can be considered an improvement over traditional HPS lighting for greenhouses. Outcomes also revealed that high irradiance levels resulted in the highest vegetative biomass and fruit production for all ratios.
They concluded that LEDS are a promising mechanism to enhance greenhouse artificial lighting systems. Story Source:
It would also reduce emissions of greenhouse gases says Skreiberg. In comparison with other fossil fuels charcoal emits low levels of sulphur and nitrogen oxides.
#Livestock gut microbes contributing to greenhouse gas emissionsincreased to levels unprecedented is how the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) described the rise of carbon dioxide methane and nitrous oxide emissions in their report on the physical science basis
According to the US Environmental protection agency (EPA) the atmospheric concentration of methane a greenhouse gas some 28 times more potent than carbon dioxide has been steadily growing
when it comes to greenhouse gas emissions. It turns out that the amount of methane produced varies substantially across individual animals of the same ruminant species. To find out why this is
When the scientists grew their new plants in the greenhouse it became obvious that they combined characteristics of both progenitor species
In a new study published in this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Michigan State university researchers provide an improved prediction of nitrogen fertilizer's contribution to greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural fields.
The study uses data from around the world to show that emissions of nitrous oxide a greenhouse gas produced in the soil following nitrogen addition rise faster than previously expected
Nitrogen-based fertilizers spur greenhouse gas emissions by stimulating microbes in the soil to produce more nitrous oxide.
Nitrous oxide is the third most important greenhouse gas behind only carbon dioxide and methane and also destroys stratospheric ozone.
Agriculture accounts for 8 to 14 percent of all greenhouse gas production globally. We're showing how farmers can help to reduce this number by applying nitrogen fertilizer more precisely.
Simply put when plant nitrogen needs are matched with the nitrogen that's supplied fertilizer has substantially less effect on greenhouse gas emission Robertson said.
however would deliver major reductions to greenhouse gas emissions in those regions. This study provides support for expanding the use of carbon credits to pay farmers for better fertilizer management.
and the amounts of greenhouse gas emissions created by loss of trees as a result of human activity. They found that tropical forests absorb almost two billion tonnes of carbon each year equivalent to one-fifth of the world's carbon emissions by storing it in their bark leaves and soil.
Peat fires in forests add significantly to the greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers estimate that if all human-related deforestation of the tropics were to stop the forests could absorb more carbon than at present equivalent to one-fifth of global emissions.
Humans continue to dump billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere every year and it's evidently affecting even the remotest forests On earth said Laurance.
The team sprayed greenhouse tree shoots separately with one of the three biochemicals and were successful in stopping the bacteriaâ##s spread particularly with benzbromarone which halted the bacteria in 80 percent of the infected treesâ##shoots.
A porous material invented by the Rice lab of chemist James Tour sequesters carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas at ambient temperature with pressure provided by the wellhead
The interdisciplinary team looked at a range of possible approaches to dissipating greenhouse gases and reducing warming.
Working under the auspices of the National Science Foundation the team spent two years evaluating more than 100 studies that addressed the various implications of climate engineering and their anticipated effects on greenhouse gases.
but scientists are only now starting to appreciate its potential for tying up greenhouse gases Cusack said.
It contributes significantly to global environmental change with a recently estimated 14.5%of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions attributable to the sector as well as through environmental problems associated with manure management and disruption of the nitrogen cycle in the soil water and air.
#Wood-waste biofuel to cut greenhouse gas, transform shipping industrya sustainable biofuel made from Norwegian forest wood waste could help transform the shipping industry
and reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Alternative sustainable fuels are needed urgently in the marine transport sector due to stringent upcoming regulations demanding reduced sulphur
because it influences how much carbon dioxide these regions can absorb as well as how they are influenced by the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
and surface wildfires can result in an annual loss of 54 billion tonnes of carbon from the Brazilian Amazon increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
For example the project has discovered the release of greenhouse gases is controlled differently in large lakes versus small ones.
and because carbon dioxide is the major greenhouse gas and therefore a major regulator of earth's temperature.
greenhouse gas expert warnsas the shale gas boom continues the atmosphere receives more methane adding to Earthâ##s greenhouse gas problem.
Robert Howarth greenhouse gas expert and ecology and environmental biology professor fears that we may not be many years away from an environmental tipping point â
Methane Emissions and the Greenhouse Gas Footprint of Natural Gasâ#will be published May 20 in the journal Energy Science and Engineering.
Howarth points to â#oeradiative forcingâ#a measure of trapped heat in Earthâ##s atmosphere from man-made greenhouse gases.
The current role of methane looms large he says contributing over 40 percent of current radiative forcing from all greenhouse gases based on the latest science from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
#By itself, abundant shale gas unlikely to alter climate projectionswhile natural gas can reduce greenhouse emissions
when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction a pair of Duke researchers find.
whether the greenhouse emissions from natural gas--including carbon dioxide and methane--are lower or higher than emissions avoided by reducing the use of those other energy sources.
Most evidence indicates that natural gas as a substitute for coal in electricity production gasoline in transport and electricity in buildings decreases greenhouse gases.
and transporting the fuel can result in emissions of methane--itself a potent greenhouse gas.
The net effect on U s. greenhouse gas emissions appears likely to be small in the absence of policies specifically directed at greenhouse gas mitigation.
If natural gas is expensive then it will be more costly to switch away from fuels that have higher greenhouse gas emissions such as coal and oil.
but even if methane emissions from natural gas systems are significantly higher than current EPA estimates we did not find this significantly alters the impact of abundant natural gas on long-term national or global greenhouse gas emissions pathways.
Nitrous oxide or laughing gas on the one hand is one of the major greenhouse gases. On the other hand nitrogen containing aerosols scatter light
To reduce the corn's height the researchers borrowed a trick used by the greenhouse industry to dwarf Christmas poinsettias.
With greenhouse warming Antarctica is actually stealing more of Australia's rainfall. It's not good news--as greenhouse gases continue to rise we'll get fewer storms chased up into Australia Dr Abram said.
As the westerly winds are getting tighter they're actually trapping more of the cold air over Antarctica Abram said.
and by combining our observations with climate models we can clearly link this to rising greenhouse gas levels.
This new research suggests that climate models do a good job of capturing how the westerly winds respond to increasing greenhouse gases added Professor England from the Climate Change Research Centre at UNSW.
While climate change certainly is a global challenge as greenhouses-gases from the use of fossil fuels disturb ecosystems worldwide the impacts vary widely over space and time.
and agriculture production high tunnels are less complex and less expensive versions of greenhouses. The structures'passive heating and cooling capabilities can offer growers a cost-effective way to extend the growing season for high-value crops such as fruits vegetables and cut flowers.
and who may wish to test winter production before making larger investments in more advanced greenhouses Uchanski said.
Producing food--and beef in particular--is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions which are projected to grow as rising incomes in emerging economies lead to greater demands for meat.
But an encouraging new study by researchers at the University of California Berkeley and international collaborators finds that policies to support sustainable cattle ranching practices in Brazil could put a big dent in the beef and food industry's greenhouse
and shave off as much as 25 percent of all global greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation.
Exploring options and tradeoffsbecause beef is such a greenhouse-gas intensive food the researchers looked for unintended impacts such as lowering beef prices to the point where people want to consume more
and greenhouse gases said Cohn who was supported by the International Institute for Applied Systems analysis while he was a UC Berkeley student.
and tax policies present a cost-effective method for Brazil to meet its greenhouse gas reduction targets.
Studya surprising recent rise in atmospheric methane likely stems from wetland emissions suggesting that much more of the potent greenhouse gas will be pumped into the atmosphere as northern wetlands continue to thaw
and human changes to those ecosystems--a timely topic as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change prepares to examine land use impacts on greenhouse gas emissions says Prof.
One of the strongest greenhouse gases methane comes from agriculture and fossil fuel use as well as natural sources such as microbes in saturated wetland soils.
Not only are fens one of the strongest sources of wetland greenhouse gases but we also know that Canadian forests
or managed wetlands says Wickland who has helped the IPCC improve methods for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from managed wetlands.
and reduce pollution The findings could help mitigate the effects of the release of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere from both natural gas seeps in the environment
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas which is released from natural sources such as wetlands as well as from human activities including waste management the oil and gas industries rice production and livestock farming.
despite the positive public perception of biocontainers'environmental benefits as alternatives to petroleum-based plastic pots the impact of biocontainers on commercial greenhouse sustainability has not been evaluated thoroughly.
The researchers offer a first look at the overall sustainability of biocontainers as part of a greenhouse production system.
The team's cradle-to-gate study compared the secondary impacts that occur during the greenhouse production of plants grown in biocontainers.
The life cycle assessment data for the study was obtained from interviews published literature propriety data sources direct metering at the greenhouse facility and original findings from a series of university greenhouse experiments.
assessments for greenhouse petunia production. The impacts were presented in terms of contribution to the carbon footprint or global warming potential (GWP) of a single finished plant in a 10-cm-diameter container.
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