what's required for other sources of commonly eaten protein like pork and poultry the researchers found.
and his colleagues collected data on the environmental costs per calorie of dairy poultry pork eggs and beef foods that account for 96 percent of the calories Americans get from animals.
The environmental costs of dairy poultry pork and eggs are fairly similar the researchers found.
And for fish poultry beef and pork minimal labeling is needed. Anyone unaware that generous daily servings of fatty beef and pork are unhealthy has been living in a cave.
Meat poultry fish legumes tofu eggs nuts seeds and milk are all good sources of the essential amino acids people need.
A parrot chick is born with only a thin layer of thin wispy feathers called down.
Parrot chicks are blind for the first two weeks of their lives. At three weeks they start to grow their adult feathers.
The chick will not be matured fully for one to four years depending on its species. According to the Integrated Taxonomic Information system (ITIS) the taxonomy of parrots is:
since they were week-old chicks. They soon began to grow from knee-high to over five-feet-tall.
#Guan Yu Biography: Revered Chinese Warrior Guan Yu was a Chinese military general whose martial prowess was so great that after his death he was deified as a god.
In modern times he is revered for his bravery and loyalty. He has also become a popular figure in historical fiction movies and video games.
Guan lived at a time when the Han Dynasty which had ruled China for nearly 400 years was collapsing.
Guan served a man named Liu Bei who would eventually become King of Shu. Guan was a man of great physical courage
and skill at one occasion (he) had a serious operation on his arm carried during a banquet
Eventually Guan Liu Bei and another man named Zhang Fei would become brothers of sorts with a deep sense of loyalty to each other one that would become legend.
In A d. 200 Guan was captured by Cao Cao a military general who would go on to control a vast amount of territory in northern China.
Cao Cao treated Guan well and made him a lieutenant general in his own army. Still Guan regarded Liu Bei
and Zhang Fei as brothers and he would not abandon them. According to the 11th-century Chinese historian Ssu-ma Kuang Guan decided that he had to escape
and rejoin Liu but not before doing Cao Cao a favor first. I know well how generously Lord (Cao Cao) has treated me but
#Translation by Rafe de Crespigny published in 1969) To repay Cao Cao for the good way he had treated him Guan decided to kill a general named Yan Liang who served a man named Yuan Shao (a rival of Cao Cao.#
and martial prowess that he ordered his troops to let Guan Go over the next two decades Guan would work with Liu Bei in a series of military campaigns that would eventually lead to the foundation of the Kingdom of Shu.
As Liu Bei consolidated his position becoming the King of Shu Guan was promoted to the position of General of the Van#something that he was unhappy about
#Guan is said to have thundered when he heard that he would have the same rank as Huang (eventually Guan agreed to accept the arrangement).
Around A d. 219 Guan led an army of Liu Bei s in attacking Fancheng a city held by Cao Cao.
Laying siege he was concerned that the forces of Sun Quan would betray and attack him (the alliance between Liu Bei
Ssu-ma Kuang wrote that Guan aggravated the situation by seizing Sun Quan s food stores without permission to support the siege of Fancheng.
Sun plotted against Guan. He replaced the local general Lu Meng with a man whom Guan thought would pose no threat.
This led Guan to withdraw troops from his rear guard to support the siege. Sun also sent a letter to Cao Cao offering to launch a joint attack against Guan.
Cao Cao decided to publish Sun Quan s letter hoping that Guan would abandon the siege of Fancheng to fight Sun (Cao Cao wanted to have his enemies fight against each other.
Guan thought the letter was fake and kept up his siege. Meanwhile Lu attacked Guan s weak rearguard positions taking them out before a message could be sent to Guan.
While his rearguard positions were under attack Guan s siege of Fancheng faltered. A counterattack by Cao Cao s forces forced Guan to break it off.
Guan suddenly found himself commanding a weakened force trapped between two enemy armies those of Cao Cao and Sun Quan.
Lu Meng Sun Quan s general made Guan s situation worse by capturing the city of Jiangling
which housed the families of many of Guan s officers. Lu Meng treated them very well
and made sure that Guan s army knew it.##oeall knew that their families had come to no harm
and were treated even better than in peacetime so Yu s soldiers became less interested in fighting#wrote Ssu-ma Kuang.
This led to desertions shrinking Guan s forces even further. Still Guan refused offers to surrender at one point pretending to surrender to Sun Quan s troops before running away.
Eventually his remaining force was trapped and Guan Yu and his son Guan Ping were captured and executed.
After his death Guan Yu became a legend and eventually a god. Hundreds of years later when a dynasty called the Tang came to power in China Guan was honored for his righteous loyalty#to his lord Liu Bei writes Whalen Lai a professor emeritus of religious studies at the University of California
Davis in the Encyclopaedia of Asian Philosophy#(Routledge 2001. During the 10th century when China was divided again into warring kingdoms his cult grew.
His personal loyalty to a lord was a premium virtue#Lai writes. In the 14th century a novel called Romance of the Three Kingdoms#publicized the exploits of Guan Yu further increasing his popularity.
At some point he became a god of war and is revered today as a symbol of loyalty righteousness and bravery.
He is referred to as Guan Gong (Lord Guan) or Guan Di (Emperor Guan. His image appears in many Taoist shrines of the present day#writes de Crespigny.
He is revered also a figure in Buddhism Confucianism and Chinese folk religion. In 2008 and 2009 a movie dramatizing the Battle of Red Cliffs was released in two parts and featured actor Batdorj-in Baasanjab as Guan Yu.
In Japan and the West he has also become a popular figure in a series of video games produced by the company Koei.
These video games emphasize his abilities as a general and martial artist.##Owen Jaru h
#As Milkweed Disappears, Monarchs are Fading away (Op-Ed) Peter Lehner is executive director of the Natural resources Defense Council (NRDC).
This Op-Ed will appear onthe NRDC blog Switchboard. Lehner contributed this article to Live Science's Expert Voices:
We've been able to deploy nest cameras to watch the birds'chick-raising habits and their family life.
and chicks but they're nothing like great horned owls who will swoop into a nest decapitate the chicks
Now that we know exactly where the eagles are nesting we fly back to each nest counting the number of new chicks.
After flying over all those nests we've gotten pretty good at quickly gauging the age of eagle chicks by evaluating size and plumage.
This year we found birds raising chicks that came from eggs laid in November a time
and can be applied directly to poultry meat.##oeit s not widely used today. It s gaining acceptance
Ancient Civilization Made Rapid Switch Bones unearthed from an ancient mound in Turkey suggest that humans there shifted their diet from hunting to herding over just a few centuries findings that shed light on the dawn of agriculture scientists say.
To discover more about the initial conditions underlying the evolution of villages an international team of scientists investigated the site of AÅ Ä klä HÃ yã k the earliest known Neolithic mound in Cappadocia in central Turkey.
#Rains Spurred by Climate Change Killing Penguin Chicks Penguin-chick mortality rates have increased in recent years off the coast of Argentina a trend scientists attribute to climate change
and the health of the chicks once they hatched in late November or early December.
and predation were the most common and consistent chick killers over the years but that hypothermia was the leading cause of death during years with heavy rainstorms
Facing extremes Young chicks between 9 and 23 days old were particularly vulnerable to hypothermia as they were too young to have fully grown their waterproof plumage
If chicks don't have waterproof plumage they are going to die as soon as they end up in the water.
Extreme heat another component of climate change expected to worsen throughout the century also challenged chicks'temperature-regulation systems
David Ainley a senior wildlife ecologist at ecological consulting firm H. T. Harvey & Associates who studies Antarctic penguin colonies says that aside from giving Magellanic chicks the chills rain can also damage the burrows
Climate-change connection The team noted that not all rainstorms killed the chicks. Of the 233 storms that occurred over the course of the study period only 16 resulted in chick deaths.
Still the researchers pointed out that the types of heavy storms that did result in mortalities are projected to become more frequent with some climate models predicting an increase in extreme precipitation in the Southern hemisphere summer by 40 to 70 percent between 2076 and 2100 compared with that seen between 1951 and 1976.
Permitted birds include chicken geese ducks and turkeys. Even foods that are allowed must be prepared in a particular way to be considered kosher.
and more than 850 in neck snares including mountain lions river otters pronghorn antelope deer badgers beavers turtles turkeys ravens ducks geese great blue herons and even a golden eagle.
Even though I was experienced an professional trapper my trap victims included non-target species such as bald eagles and golden eagles a variety of hawks and other birds rabbits sage grouse pet dogs deer
The outbreak began with Ebola cases that surfaced in Guinea and subsequently spread to the neighboring countries of Liberia and Sierra leone.
But despite the image of Ebola as a virus that mysteriously and randomly emerges from the forest the sites of the cases are far from random said Daniel Bausch a tropical medicine researcher at Tulane University who just returned from Guinea
Experts were surprised to see that instead of the Taã Forest Ebola virus which is found near Guinea it was the Zaire Ebola virus that is the culprit in the current outbreak.
But how did the Zaire Ebola virus get to Guinea? Few people travel between those two regions
If Ebola virus was introduced into Guinea from afar the more likely traveler was a bat he said.
Guinea is not the only place bats migrate to but it is one of the poorest countries in the world ranking 178 out of 187 countries on the United nations'Human Development Index.
Even if the Ebola virus had been circulating in Guinea for some time animals carrying the virus or other pathogens are not usually in the vicinity of humans
The first case of Ebola was identified in Guinea in December 2013 at the beginning of the dry season. In other countries too outbreaks often begin during the transition from the rainy to dry seasons
More in depth analysis is needed to better understand the weather conditions this year in Guinea but inhabitants in the region do indeed anecdotally report an exceptionally arid and prolonged dry season Bausch said.
a second wave may spread into neighbouring countries such as Guinea and Sierra leone. Worms have already been seen in six towns in Guinea
and moths have been spotted in some regions of Liberia, Tucker says. The caterpillars can be sprayed with pesticides
The work in question was done in 1947 by the Dutch researcher Niko Tinbergen on the begging behaviour of herring-gull chicks.
presented wild chicks with model birds bearing spots and measured how much they pecked at the model.
The story that made it into the textbooks is that chicks have a powerful innate tendency to peck at red dots,
however, shows that Tinbergen found that chicks actually pecked more at a black dot than a red one.
The chicks, he decided, became habituated to the red spot and stopped pecking at it.
reduced the chicks'apparent preference for colours other than red. He was initially explicit about this,
Tinbergen did other experiments with gull chicks showing for example, that they will peck even at a disembodied red spot on a stick
Whereas flu surveillance has improved over the past six years in poultry and wild birds, pigs have been below the radar,
The avian H5n1 flu virus leads to serious disease in poultry and causes huge economic losses,
Yi Guan of the University of Hong kong, Robert Webster of St jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee,
Researchers were alerted first to the chickens by an employee in the poultry industry who spotted the unusual birds while visiting farms.
The'cockerel'side of these birds has white feathers, large wattles and breast muscles, whereas the smaller'hen'side has characteristic dark colouring.
whereas the cockerel side contained mostly normal male cells with male chromosomes. Because both sides were exposed to exactly the same hormones
The former produced on average two fledging chicks per nest in 2009. In contrast, birds at the control sites achieved an average of three fledging chicks.
Pounlin says she hopes that the results will stop a proposed expansion of Bti spraying in the Camargue,
Dominant breeders rely on helpers to feed chicks, but they also tolerate individuals that don't seem to help at all.
The research team used camouflaged video cameras to collect data on how often 61 wild crows from 17 social groups in northern Spain fed chicks.
When clipped crows reduced their chick feeding by about 30, %only non-breeders intensified their care-giving efforts.
Five out of eight crows that had refused previously to visit the nest suddenly began feeding the chicks.
because they hear chicks begging or because dominant birds force them to contribute. Dawdling animals may be more likely to chip in voluntarily
Today, traditional weaving industries are widespread in Turkey. It is one of the many benefits¡
Turkey's president did not intervene and ask parliament to reconsider, as some scientists had hoped,
scientists are afraid that the seeming turn for good in their fortunes will be vulnerable to the first legal challenge from Turkey's vociferous opponents of GM.
In some of the resulting chicks, the cassette integrates into germ cells. These animals can be crossbred to produce chickens that carry the cassette in every cell.
but for using similar cassettes to create resistance to other common poultry diseases. Tiley's study was funded partially by Cobb-Vantress, a major international chicken-breeding company.
however, a furious debate has emerged among behavioural ecologists over whether the train of the male peafowl,
Pavo cristatus, still woos peahens. Research in which peacocks'tails were plucked experimentally, published online this month in Animal Behaviour1,
Dakin and a colleague, Robert Montgomerie, tracked three populations of feral peacocks and peahens during the spring breeding season,
I think there's clear evidence that peahens use a peacock's tail in their mate choice,
However, in 2008, a team of Japanese ecologists studying the same group of feral peafowl over seven years reported that, overall,
She noticed a drop in their success with peahens. However, she also found that, before plucking, males typically had between 165 and 170 eyespots on their trains,
and probably mean more to scientists than to peahens. At the end of the day, we will never know what peahens are looking at
and how they select their mates. You can't ask them.
Grants aim to fight malnutrition: Nature Newsnearly US$20 million in new grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will be spent on getting nutritionally enhanced rice and cassava to market and decreasing malnourishment in Asia and Africa.
and international organizations to ramp up their funding of efforts to control outbreaks of the H5n1 virus in poultry,
Yet surveillance of H5n1 in poultry worldwide is patchy, particularly in poorer countries, where the virus is prevalent.
Genbankmoreover, if H5n1 surveillance in poultry is poor, the situation is far worse in pigs,
"Warnings weeks after dangerous viruses have emerged in poultry, or mammals, may be better than no warnings at all.
But even if a candidate pandemic H5n1 virus was detected in poultry, culling flocks to eliminate it would be no mean feat.
chickens and turkeys a ban that it had ordered already in 2008, but revoked after protests from farmers,
On 4 Â January, the agency said that it would prohibit certain uses of cephalosporins in farm animals including cattle, pigs, chickens and turkeys,
Just 7 of the 39 countries with more than 100 million poultry in 2010 collected more than 1, 000 avian flu samples between 2003 and 2011.
The size of a country s poultry population is no predictor of how many samples that country will generate (see Many birds, few samples.
or no sequences have poor veterinary systems and flu-prone farming systems, such as backyard farms and mixed poultry and pig farms,
Health authorities in Somalia, Sudan and Turkey have reported also sporadic resistance to the two other classes of insecticides recommended by THE WHO for safe and effective household spraying:
China's emissions estimates don't add upthis week in Nature Climate Change, Guan, an expert in sustainability science at the University of Leeds, UK,
The uncertainties have been as large as 20%3. Guan s study is the first close, systematic look that is based on official energy figures.
Guan says that it probably arises because regional data compilers are under pressure from two forces:
says Guan. Zhu Liu, a co-author of the report, from the Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shenyang,
Guan says that the widening gap could be explained partially by rapid economic development, especially in western provinces,
But Guan says that such efforts must be based on solid baseline figures. He and his colleagues are now trying to refine estimates of coal-based emissions,
But he adds that humans, poultry, wild birds and other species are also important targets for surveillance,
but tens of thousands of tests in poultry and other animals elsewhere have failed so far to turn up significant levels of the virus. It is far from easy to devise effective ways to sample birds and animals for testing in a country with some 6 billion domestic birds
For H5n1, researchers integrate large data sets that combine information on many potentially important factors, such as poultry trade routes,
they add the distribution of H5n1 cases in poultry, and as well as positive H5n1 results from active surveillance in markets.
or control because it does not cause serious illness in poultry and other birds has been reinforced by the new cases in Beijing and Henan province.
In the case of H5n1, outbreaks in poultry precede human outbreaks and tell public health workers where the public health threat lies.
But despite intensive surveillance of poultry, wild birds, pigs and other animals, the animal reservoirs remain largely unknown.
The virus may have reached Beijing and Henan provinces via the poultry trade which is extensive in China,
that H7n9 has been spreading silently in poultry or other animals over a far greater geographical area than thought.
and home to some 6 billion poultry as well as many migratory and other wild birds that may have a role in spreading the virus. On Wednesday,
Despite the difficulties of detecting H7n9 in poultry and birds, Martin remains optimistic that so long as the virus does not start to spread among humans the potential number of human cases can be curtailed by taking urgent tough measures such as keeping poultry flocks away from wild birds
and people and restructuring its live bird markets. Â It's too soon to say how big a threat H7n9 poses
They are testing wild birds and thousands of domestic fowl; analysing the viruses they find; and trying to trace people who have been exposed to infected patients.
some patients had contact with poultry or other animals just before falling ill, whereas others had Not late last week,
and that they occasionally jump into poultry flocks. Kwok-Yung Yuen, an infectious-disease expert at the University of Hong kong, notes the proximity of the reported human cases to the Yangtze river delta
whether it could become established in poultry, creating a reservoir that might lead to continued, sporadic human infections.
It would be next to impossible to detect H7n9 through routine surveillance for sick poultry among China s 6 Â billion domestic birds."
Emerging preliminary analyses of the genome of the virus point to the possible spectre of a pathogen that might spread silently in poultry without causing serious disease.
including poultry, in Asia and elsewhere. More specifically, the sequences appear similar to recent H9n2 viruses found in China and South korea.
such as the H5n1 virus that has been ravaging poultry flocks in Asia since late 2002. Flu viruses that don t sicken birds can,
It could be spreading in poultry undetected and thus could create a reservoir of infection that would lead to frequent sporadic human infections that crop up without warning.
H7 viruses are common in wild birds but much less so in poultry. It therefore seems unlikely that three human cases in such a short space of time could result from contact with wild birds
Domestic fowl are the most likely alternative source of the virus . But given that H7n9 has mutations that enable it to infect mammals,
The foxes on Mednyi Island one of Russia s Commander Islands in the Bering sea are a subspecies of Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) that may have remained isolated for thousands of years.
But Dominique Berteaux, an Arctic ecologist at the University of Quebec in Rimouski, Canada, cautions that the team has not definitively proved a link between mercury contamination
and exchanging genetic material a process known as reassortment in Asian poultry markets. This raises the threat that H7n7 will reassort
says lead author Yi Guan, an influenza specialist at the University of Hong kong. In China, the virus has infected 135 people
says Guan. Guan's team sampled wild birds and poultry markets around Shanghai in April,
weeks after the H7n9 outbreak began there. The researchers collected throat and intestinal swabs from 1, 341 birds, including chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, partridges and quails, plus 1, 006 water and faecal samples from bird markets.
But Guan and his team found that ferrets could become infected with the virus suggesting that a spread to humans is possible.
and better sanitation practices at poultry markets are crucial to monitoring risks to human health.
the authors should have analysed more strains from poultry and pigs, which also carry S. enterica."
It was found in poultry in the live-bird markets of southern China s Guangxi province in late January,
"There is a very high likelihood of H7n9 entering the poultry sector in Vietnam, says Peter Horby, a researcher at the Oxford university Clinical Research Unit in Hanoi.
since the start of the year is probably due to the arrival of winter and the intense poultry trading at live markets in the run-up to the Chinese New Year on 31 Â January.
Vietnam has banned the importation of poultry from China. It has introduced also twice-weekly monitoring for H7n9 in markets in the north of the country,
The Chinese poultry industry has protested vigorously against the policy of shutting down markets. But the surge in H7n9 flu cases highlights the continuing public-health and possibly pandemic threat that it poses.
an avian virus that is sporadically infecting humans from a reservoir in poultry, and there is no evidence of any continued human-to-human spread.
But the virus is being sustained in unknown reservoirs in the poultry supply chain, making future outbreaks likely,
in part because the virus causes only mild disease in poultry and thus spreads silently, with human cases typically the first warning of a poultry outbreak.
And despite extensive sampling of farms, wholesale markets and other parts of the poultry supply chain, the only strong link to H7n9 found so far is live-bird markets.
The difficulty of surveillance and of sampling China s huge poultry industry it produces 6 billion birds annually means that this is unlikely to be the full picture
the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) and the red fox (Vulpes vulpes. Here in the States we have a few others like the gray fox and the kit fox.
Pig cow sheep rooster duck horse--these are farm animals which in America's collective agrarian past were members of the household.
and the moisture condensed on the surface of a frozen turkey. it's pretty incredible the amount of fire that simple combination can create.
Put too much moisture in by lowering in a frozen turkey and the vaporization of the water throws oil droplets into the air. a few of the droplets hit the burner under the pot
So even if it's tempting to buy one of the many cheap turkey deep-fryers this time of year you can add death by incineration to the other main reason not to:
If you want to fry a turkey read the fryer's instructions and do not try to re-create this effect at home under any circumstances.
I have fryed deep turkeys for several years without incident but about 3 years ago I came up with a simple change that makes it much safer.
Then just before lowering the thoughly defrosted turkey into the oil I turn off the gas so there is no flame to ignite the oil!
I prefer smoked turkeys but deep fried are the next best thing. ---why learn from your own mistakes
Deep fried turkey is pretty cool but the best way to cook it is in the oven for 20 mins a pound at 325 degrees Celsius@Lookitmeagain you are right searing meat isn't searing in the juices as the food network would like you to believe (enter conspiracy of making us eat more carcinogens) J/kthe
The dumbest one of them all is dunking a frozen block of turkey. This happened to a house a few blocks from me when
Has anyone here ever had a good deep fried turkey other than Tomgray? It is by far more juicy and flavorful than any baked turkey.
The advantage in deep fried is that it cooks the turkey so fast that it doesn't have as much time to lose the juices.
However low and slow as in smoked turkey you get something really juicy and falling off the bone tender.
Either low and slow or deep fried if you overdo it you end up with really tough turkey jerky.
That's using your gray matter Tomgray! Turn off the burner! How simple! And peanut oil is wonderful stuff.
If turkey fryers had broader stands and had thermostats that would probably prevent many of the conflagrations on Thanksgiving.
And Cooking ISBN 0684800012 and read up on various topics about myoglobin denaturation and meat doneness frying turkey etc..
Cook a turkey nicely too and well. Wonderful! Cooking to be dramaticly hurt yourself and others is just dumb!
Remember the turkey is just a dead bird nothing more. FAMILY and FRIEND ARE EVERYTHING! ENJOY!
I've never had fried a deep turkey yet but this year my mother brined hers (soaked it in salt
Lord that was a juicy turkey! don't boil it cover food with cold water or beer and let it come to a slow boil. then take out
we deep fry our turkey well 4 of them every thanksgiving. we inject 2 quarts of cajun spices into each one. skin forms a shell
when we set the turkey in the oil. That is wrong! At 200°Peanut oil WILL BURN!
Checkout Camp Chef's cast iron Ultimate Turkey Roaster which produces a much better overall turkey cooking result without the danger of frying yourself your children your pets or anything else other than the turkey.
I haven't fried a turkey in 5-years but have treated neighbors family and friends to
By the way I've never had a problem with frying turkeys the conventional way but the roaster eliminates so much of the danger and cleanup that
When you place a turkey into vat full of heated oil. It over flows as seen.
Deep fried smoked boiled baked oven cooked turkey...Find here the most spectacular recipe I received from a friend many years ago:
HOW TO COOK A THANKSGIVING TURKEY...Step 1: Go buy a turkey Step 2: Take a drink of whiskey (scotch) Step 3:
Put turkey in the oven Step 4: Take another 2 drinks of whiskey Step 5:
Set the degree at 375 ovens Step 6: Take 3 more whiskeys of drink Step 7:
Stick a turkey in the thermometer Step 12: Glass yourself a pour of whiskey Step 13:
Take the oven out of the turkey Step 15: Floor the turkey up off of the pick Step 16:
Turk the carvey Step 17: Get yourself another scottle of botch Step 18: Tet the sable and pour yourself a glass of turkey Step 19:
Bless the saying pass and eat outhave a great Thanksgiving!!Diegohate to rain on your parade guys but the turkey water oil and you are currently and forever and ever on fire!
Thanks to lyle for the soldering tip. It might not be too good for soldering but
To cook a turkey: simply nuke it in the microwave until it's done then either put it in the woodstove for a few minutes or hit it with the blowtorch until crispy.
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