Because of these interactions the team found that 46 percent of damage to soybean crops that had previously been attributed to heat is caused actually by increased ozone.
The first year after a fire brought sprouts for forage and basketry. In 3 to 5 years shrubs produced a wealth of berries.
and soybean production greatly increased roughly doubling over the course of the 20th century. Not surprisingly they found that variability in rainfall is responsible for most of the changes in water discharge volumes.
However the water discharge rates also varied with changes in agricultural practices as defined by soybean
and soybeans over time--translated into a sevenfold increase in rainfall contribution to the average annual maximum discharge
#Designer potatoes on the menu to boost consumptiona decline in overall potato consumption has Texas A&m Agrilife Research breeders working on designer spuds that meet the time constraints and unique
Dr. Creighton Miller Agrilife Research potato breeder from College Station recently conducted the Texas A&m Potato Breeding and Variety Development Program field day at the farm of cooperator Bruce
Potatoes are an important delivery system for nutrients to humans Miller said. The average consumption in the U s. is 113 pounds per year per person.
But overall potato consumption in the U s. has declined generally somewhat. So what we are doing now is developing unique varieties that have a tendency to appeal to the younger set with high income who are willing to try something different he said.
Miller said the objective of the Texas A&m potato breeding program is to develop improved varieties adapted specifically to Texas environmental conditions.
The Texas Potato Variety Development Program currently has 412 entries at the Springlake trials and 927 entries at the Dalhart trials.
which is a round red potato. And he said the traditional russet potatoes will always be a mainstay as they are used primarily for baking and French fries.
Also in the trial is the standard white skinned variety with white flesh used for chipping purposes.
One type is a small potato he said adding that within the trials he is looking for varieties with a heavy set of small potatoes One of the reasons for the popularity of the smaller potato is with both spouses working the amount of time required to prepare potatoes becomes an issue
With the small potatoes they can be microwaved very fast and be on the table in a hurry.
Other varieties catching more attention are red potatoes with yellow and white flesh and the purple skinned potatoes with yellow flesh he said.
The tubers with yellow flesh contain compounds that are antioxidants and that appeals to the health-conscious consumer Miller said.
So in addition to having the unique appearance they are healthier potatoes to eat he said. And this year Miller also has specialty potatoes with splashes of red and yellow on the skin that have a yellow flesh.
These are referred to as gourmet potatoes and that niche is receiving more emphasis lately he said.
These are boiled generally and add unique color to the plate when served. But Miller was quick to say the russet potato is still the primary emphasis of the program
and a new russet being grown by the Barrett's will soon be released for commercial production.
and vegetables at farmers markets increase the amount of produce in the diets of some families on food assistance according to research led by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture Education and Human Development.
and vegetables partially due to poor access to healthy food and their inability to pay for it. Farmers markets may help fill in gaps in communities commonly referred to as food deserts which lack access to fresh healthy food.
when used to buy fruits and vegetables at markets. While most food assistance programs fail to address nutritional quality--for instance SNAP benefits can be used to buy ice cream
Each time participants shopped at the farmers market they received up to $10 in vouchers to be used toward purchasing fruits and vegetables.
For those who completed the study more than half reported consuming vegetables more frequently at the end of the study.
and soybeans planted in the United states have seed a treatment (i e. coating) many of which include neonicotinoid insecticides.
and the biochemical and biophysical processes involved in the growth of forage plants such as Stylosanthes capitata Vogel a legume utilized for livestock grazing in tropical countries such as Brazil.
According to Martinez Stylosanthes capitata Vogel is a major forage legume in tropical and subtropical regions all over the world.
That is why we need to consume at least seven to nine servings of fruits and vegetables a day.
He teaches a course on phytochemicals--the naturally-occurring chemical compounds in fruits and vegetable many
of which emphasize fruits vegetables whole grains and low-or nonfat dairy. The findings highlight the challenges associated with packing healthful items to send to school. â#oewhen deciding what to pack parents are juggling time cost convenience and
instead up of a variety of packaged snack foods and desserts. â#â#oethe few existing studies on packed lunches report that children who bring their lunch tend to consume fewer fruits
and vegetables less fiber and more total calories than those who participate in the National School Lunch Programâ#Goldberg said. â#oegiven that over 40%of U s. schoolchildren bring their lunches to school on a given day itâ##s
or more sugar-sweetened beverages paired with a packaged snack food or dessert. â#oefew studies have evaluated snacks from home
The researchers evaluated several under tree in-row groundcover management systems including shredded paper wood chips municipal green compost and mow-blow.
and fertilizers green compost wood chip and shredded paper treatment may result in improved soil quality the authors concluded.
People following the DASH diet are encouraged to eat fruits vegetables low-fat dairy and protein predominantly from plant sources.
along with fruits vegetables and low-fat dairy to effectively help lower blood pressure in healthy individuals the researchers report in the Journal of Human Hypertension.
or vegetables to eliminate microorganisms. Cassia cinnamon is produced primarily in Indonesia and has a stronger smell than the other common cinnamon variety Ceylon.
and vegetables included in their daily diet a study by Swedish researchers at Ãebro University and Karolinska Institutet shows.
and vegetables school children eat. Including a lot of fruit and vegetables in your diet reduces the risk of heart disease stroke diabetes
and even some forms of cancer The World health organization WHO recommends a daily intake of at least 400 grams of fruit and vegetables.
Not even half of the children in this study eat fruit every day. The picture is a little bit brighter
when it comes to vegetables. 55 per cent add vegetables to their diet on a daily basis says Agneta Yngve.
On average school children in this European study eat between 220-345 grams of fruit and vegetables a day.
Sweden stands out as the country where school children eat the most vegetables. We believe this is down to Swedish school lunches.
A good selection of salads and vegetables are offered normally. At the same time Swedish children are far from getting enough vegetables.
An average of 141 grams per day simply is not sufficient. All children should eat at least 200 grams of vegetables
in order to live up to THE WHO's recommendations. In all European countries including Sweden children do however eat more fruit than vegetables.
Researchers believe that this is due to fruit being more readily available for instance as a snack and to children finding fruit more tasty.
and vegetables causing significant economic losses for farmers. Now scientists report in ACS'Journal of Natural Products that they've discovered certain stink bug pheromone components
when they eat fruits vegetables and other important crops. It's these summer activities that have prompted efforts to reduce their populations.
to a new bumblebee from Europe the short-tongued generalist Bombus terrestris imported to help pollinate tomatoes.
#Gene discovery could lead to better soybean varieties for northern United Statesresearchers from Purdue University
and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have discovered a soybean gene whose mutation affects plant stem growth a finding that could lead to the development of improved soybean cultivars for the northern United states. Purdue agronomy professor Jianxin Ma (pronounced Jen-SHIN'Ma)
and collaborators identified a gene known as Dt2 which causes semideterminacy in soybean plants. Semideterminate soybean plants--mid-size plants that continue vegetative growth even after flowering--can produce as many
or more pods than current northern cultivars but do not grow as tall. Their reduced height makes them more resistant to lodging a bending or breaking of the main plant stem.
This gene could help us improve the yield potential and adaptability of soybeans for specific growing areas Ma said.
We can now focus on developing a variety of elite semideterminate soybean cultivars which could perform very well in high-yielding irrigated environments such as Nebraska and northeastern Indiana.
Soybean cultivars are divided often into two groups: indeterminate--tall plants whose main stem continues to grow after flowering--and determinate--shorter bushier plants
whose main stem halts growth when blossoms begin to form. Determinate soybean plants thrive in the longer growing season of the south
while indeterminate plants'overlapping vegetative and reproductive stages make them better suited to the north. But the height of indeterminate cultivars renders them prone to lodging.
For northern soybean producers semideterminate soybean plants could represent a Goldilocks cultivar a just right alternative between the two.
Semideterminate soybeans are easy to manage have similar or better yields than indeterminate plants and can handle a short growing season Ma said.
Only one semideterminate soybean cultivar NE3001 is common in the United states. Having pinpointed Dt2 will enable Ma
The potential for soybean yield productivity in the U s. has not been explored fully in part because of the lack of semideterminate cultivars he said.
Ma--who had identified previously Dt1 the gene that causes indeterminancy in soybeans--used an integrated genetic approach to isolate
Dt2 suppresses the expression level of Dt1 causing soybean plants to grow shorter. Ma said this type of mutation appears to be unique to soybeans as semideterminancy in other plants such as tomatoes
and chickpeas is caused by a different genetic mechanism. Study co-author James Specht a professor of agronomy
and horticulture at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln said the identification of Dt2 gives soybean breeders a powerful tool for breeding new cultivars.
This provides breeders with a perfect genetic marker for identifying semideterminancy in soybean seeds and seedlings he said.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Purdue University. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and vegetables crops and also when are collected and are on sale for the final consumer.
and safety of organic and conventional plant-based foods including fruits vegetables and grains. The study team applied sophisticated meta-analysis techniques to quantify differences between organic and nonorganic foods.
The team concludes that consumers who switch to organic fruit vegetables and cereals would get 20 to 40 percent more antioxidants.
That's the equivalent of about two extra portions of fruit and vegetables a day with no increase in caloric intake.
and other institutes have identified a gene of wild soybean linked to salt tolerance with implication for improving this important crop to grow in saline soil.
Soybean is an important crop for the world. Due to domestication and human selection cultivated soybeans have less genetic diversities than their wild counterparts.
Among the lost genes some may play important roles for the adaptation to different environments.
In this study scientists used wild soybean as a resource for investigating the valuable genes that adapt to certain environmental conditions They sequenced
and assembled a draft genome of wild soybean W05 and developed a recombinant inbred population for genotyping-by-sequencing
The researchers observe supernovae using the astronomical instrument X-shooter on the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile.
#Climate change provides good growing conditions for charcoal rot in soybeanswith over 100 diseases that can attack soybean crops why would charcoal rot rise to the top of the most wanted list?
and we see more extremes in the weather including hotter drier summers this fungus will have more favorable conditions to gain a foothold in soybean
If we look at diseases of soybean we find that soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is at the top
but in the past decade or so charcoal rot has become one of the top 10 diseases that affect soybean yield.
and drought brought an increase in the incidence of charcoal rot in soybean. He suggests that a research strategy be created to develop a high-yielding soybean that is both resistant to charcoal rot and drought tolerant.
Right now we are screening lines of soybean to charcoal rot and drought stress in collaboration with Glen Hartman a USDA-ARS and U of
I plant pathologist Radwan said. His team is screening for charcoal rot resistance and I am screening for drought tolerance Radwan said.
and in this way improve soybean tolerance to both the pathogen and the extreme weather conditions. The review of research on the subject has been written along with Hartman and Schuyler Korban from U of
Radwan emphasized that it's not just soybean crops at risk. The fungus causes charcoal rot in about 500 other host plants including corn sorghum sunflower and other important crops.
One intriguing direction Radwan described that shows promise is that there may be interactions between M. phaseolina and other soil pathogens such as soybean cyst nematode (SCN) and sudden death syndrome (SDS.
when they are present in soybean fields. Understanding the mechanisms of molecular interactions between SCN
and to breed soybean for resistance to both pathogens he said. Although no plants have complete immunity from the fungus some soybean lines have been shown to have partial resistance to it.
Hartman's group has begun already screening many lines in soybean for resistance to charcoal rot.
In controlled greenhouse conditions Radwan grows a variety of soybean cultivars in sandy soil and then stops watering the plants to simulate drought.
The susceptible ones wilt and even after adding water don't recover. Those that are tolerant to drought survive.
tomatoes potatoes and eggplants--the last of which is most closely related to S. cordicitum Bohs says.
or medicinal although others--like tomatoes potatoes and chili peppers--are edible. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Red List of endangered and threatened species categorizes the status of newly identified S. cordicitum as data deficient
The group includes wild eggplant. Spines have been bred out of domestic eggplant. While S. cordicitum belongs to a weedy group within the spiny solanums technically it isn't a weed
because weeds are more common and spread easily Bohs says. Like other plants in Androceras the new species and its five-petaled flowers are bilaterally symmetrical (like a mirror image down a vertical line)
This includes growing fruits and vegetables. We're hoping to take advantage of what these and other students are developing
or vegetables'soil humidity and issue watering requests. The SPOTS also can measure air and water temperature lighting provided by LEDS (light emitting diodes) as well as levels of humidity nutrient levels
and grasp a fruit or vegetable. If an astronaut requests tomatoes for a salad the system decides which specific plants have the ripest tomatoes
and assigns parallel harvesting tasks to ROGR. While living in a space habitat is basically residing in a mechanized environment Hava says humans by their makeup still need to be around nature.
Latest student science heads for spaceastronauts on future missions may nibble on lettuce and grow their own antibiotics depending on the results of research that student scientists plan to conduct on the International Space station.
whether radish roots and shoots will grow differently in microgravity. Students from Cottage Lane Elementary in Rockland County New york and Hillsborough County Florida envisioned astronauts growing their own lettuce.
The Cottage Lane students hope to determine how long the plant takes to germinate in microgravity while the Florida group looks at the frequency of lettuce seed germination in space.
Several investigations have potential applications for keeping humans healthy in orbit and on the ground.
Northland Preparatory Academy students in Flagstaff Arizona will analyze how microgravity affects onion cell DNA replication.
Onion cell mutations could have ramifications for other organisms including astronauts. The team at Academy at Shawnee in Kentucky wonders whether microgravity would increase the rate of yeast fermentation in honey.
Yeast fermentation On earth is used to produce alcohol which could be used as antiseptics or in food production in space.
These reference areas included pastures annual cropland (soybean sorghum and corn) and Cerrado native vegetation.
Our study indicates that incorporating legumes such as beans peas soybeans peanuts and lentils that have a higher proportion of nitrogen in its biomass can accelerate the storage of carbon in soils Tharayil said.
Thrarayil's lab is following up this research to gain a deeper understanding of soil carbon storage and invasion.
Brennan and Leap evaluated the effectiveness of three secondary tillage implements for soil incorporation of broadcast cover crop seed compared with drilled seed using legume-rye cover crop mixtures.
In vegetable and strawberry systems in the central coast region of California grain drills are used commonly by medium-to large-scale farms
and broadcast plus disc) and point implements (seeder seeder plus rototiller seeder plus cultivator and seeder plus disc) for planting rye mixed with either purple or common vetch
or common vetch on bed tops at a seeding rate of 140 kgâ ha-1. Results showed that drilling required less time than broadcasting
or vegetables you may have oral allergy syndrome. Oral allergy syndrome is caused by cross-reacting allergens found in both pollen and raw fruits vegetables or some tree nuts.
An allergist can help you determine if your reaction to certain foods has to do with oral allergy syndrome
and possibly get you eating your favorite fruits and veggies again. Changes in Weather Can Heat up
in addition to exposing their lungs to harmful toxins often eat less fruits and vegetables than nonsmokers.
and vegetable based antioxidants in improving respiratory health and the difficulty of achieving lasting dietary change researchers hypothesized that powdered fruit
and vegetable concentrate powders. Another group's capsules (FVB) contained the same ingredients with additional berry juice concentrate powder
#Decoding characteristic food odorshow are we able to recognize foodstuffs like strawberries coffee barbecued meat or freshly boiled potatoes by smell alone?
#Nutrition education program improves preschoolers at home consumption of vegetables, low-fat/fat-free milka nutrition education program in low-income child care centers can improve a child's at home consumption of vegetables and low-fat/fat-free milk according to a study by researchers
from RTI International Altarum Institute and the U s. Department of agriculture. The study was supported by the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service.
Many preschool-aged children are not meeting the recommended daily amount of fruits vegetables and low-fat and fat-free dairy products said Pam Williams Ph d. senior research scientist in RTI's Center for Communication Science
The USDA recommends that children two to five years of age eat one to two cups of vegetables daily and one to 1. 5 cups of fruit each day.
The study also found a significant increase in the number of cups of vegetables that these children consumed at home each day.
and vegetables and encouraging children to drink low-fat/fat-free milk. Researchers sampled 24 child care centers that serve low-income families
and end of the program to report their child's at home consumption of fruits vegetables and milk.
At the child care centers children participated in 30-minute nutrition education classes about trying new foods eating a variety of vegetables
and vegetables or fruit consumption since most children were already close to meeting the recommended amount of fruit.
#Fruits, vegetables: Good for health, not necessarily a weight loss methodit is recommended a commonly weight-loss tactic to increase the feeling of being full by consuming more fruits
and vegetables but that may be another diet recommendation deadend according to a new study from the University of Alabama at Birmingham published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
and 2-3 cups of vegetables says the United states Department of agriculture's Myplate initiative. Kathryn Kaiser Ph d. instructor in the UAB School of Public health and a team of investigators at UAB including Andrew W. Brown Ph d. Michelle M. Bohan Brown Ph d. James
and vegetables for their many other health benefits expectations for weight loss should be kept in check.
and vegetables will displace the less healthy foods and that's a mechanism to lose weight; but our findings from the best available evidence show that effect doesn't seem to be present among people simply instructed to increase fruit and vegetable intake.
and vegetables seems far more positive and encouraging than just saying'eat less.''Unfortunately it seems that
and vegetables without also taking explicit steps to reduce total food intake lower weights are achieved not said senior author David B. Allison Ph d. associate dean for science in the UAB School
and vegetables said Keith Schneider Phd professor at the University of Florida Department of Food and Nutrition Science.
and vegetables said Schneider. While new better and more cleanable facilities are called for the reality is many small and mid-size packers are going to have to make do with
or fractionalize into edible and easy to use food components said Keshun Liu Phd research chemist United states Department of agriculture (USDA) National Small Grains and Potato Germplan Research Unit.
Many foods such as broccoli spinach asparagus kale Brussels sprouts grapefruit tea soy and caffeine have a bitter taste.
People with a high sensitivity to bitterness eat 25 percent fewer vegetables said Hayes. The bitter perception is highly complex according to Hayes with 25 known bitter receptor genes.
and vegetables with past studies suggesting that they prevent degenerative diseases of the brain. The Mount sinai study results revolve around synapses the gaps between nerve cells.
and soybeans said Egan Grassland species with few exceptions cannot survive on these intensive agricultural lands.
and Sunchips and found that they ate the ready-to-eat snack foods the most said Radford one of the study's authors.
Radford co-wrote the paper with assistant professor Wendy Dahl and professor Bobbi Langkamp-Henken all of
The new rules requiring more whole grains in school lunches should result in adolescents eating more of them Dahl said
And they were given whole-and refined-grain snack foods to eat at school. Researchers interviewed students weekly to see what fruits vegetables
and grains they ate in the previous 24 hours. Before the study participants were eating about one ounce of whole grain per day.
Not a true apple this relative of the eggplant smothers native grasses with its thorny stalks while its striking yellow fruit provides a deadly temptation to sheep and cattle.
#Light-emitting diode treatments outperform traditional lighting methods for hydroponically grown tomato plantsin Canada where outdoor growing seasons are limited sales from greenhouse fruit
#Nineteen tomato varieties evaluated under organic guidelinesthe recent surge in organic farming has created a need for enhanced research efforts to inform the agricultural sector.
Boyhan said few trials have been performed using the open-pollinated tomato varieties popular among organic growers
which they compared fresh market modern F1 tomato varieties with open-pollinated varieties under organic production practices.
The study published in Horttechnology evaluated 19 tomato varieties using the U s. Department of agriculture National Organic Program guidelines.
The tomato varieties used in the study were chosen based on recommendations from local growers in Georgia (for open-pollinated varieties)
All of the entries in the trial were red tomato varieties with the exception of pink varieties Ozark Pink and Florida Pink.
Many crops such as almonds and other tree nuts berries fruits and vegetables depend on pollination by honeybees.
Vegetables fruit nuts and fishthe parents of these children were interviewed by means of a questionnaire specifically designed for the IDEFICS study
which was considered typical of the Mediterranean diet (vegetables fruit and nuts fish and cereal grains) as well as one point for low intakes of foods untypical of the Mediterranean diet (such as dairy and meat products).
In a recent study scientists used ARID to predict crop yields by quantifying water loss for cotton soybeans corn
The food questionnaire specifically asked about the consumption of 8 soy food items such as miso soup tofu and soymilk.
They also had a higher dietary intake of fruit and vegetables. Looking specifically at tofu miso soup
and soy food the researchers found no association with endometrial cancer. Neither higher consumption of total soy foods nor isoflavones were associated with the risk of endometrial cancer after adjustment for factors such as age alcohol consumption smoking BMI menopausal status coffee intake
Allegedly the Spanish Slug made its way to Central europe with imports of fruit and vegetables in the 1950s.
Farmers are reducing their cultivation of maize beans and other staples which are prized highly by raiding species
When the lots are left unmowed the common perennial plants that replace ragweed include goldenrod milkweed Kentucky bluegrass chicory and aster.
and vegetables is especially beneficial for cancer survivors. We asked the question: If cancer survivors started a vegetable garden would they eat more vegetables?
We found they not only ate more vegetables they also got more exercise. And their physical functioning improved dramatically she said.
Harvest for Health began with a pilot study in Jefferson County Alabama in 2011. Funded by the Women's Breast Health Fund of the Community Foundation of Greater Birmingham the original study showed survivors had improved strength--especially in the hands--improved mobility
growing tomatoes kale lettuce spinach and a variety of herbs. Rossman has added since another raised bed has planted strawberries
and have some fresh vegetables. It prompted me to spend a little more time thinking about what I was putting in my mouth and what
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