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Already, urban moths have evolved changes in shade suiting their dull concrete habitat (compared with the tree trunks they used to live among),

but butterfly is one word because they aren't flies. If you would like to comment on this article

butterflies and All but, says Harris, the conclusions the doctor drew from his sublime adventures seemed alarmingly unscientific.

trees from which they harvest a particularly delicious and tradable species of caterpillar. People are equipped with touchscreen devices with icons for various options like"valuable tree Â that they can select

#A Caterpillar That Pretends to be a Fearsome Snake This small caterpillar with bold yellow

but this rearing creature is actually a small caterpillar with a cunning means of defence.

U s. He was photographing the striking caterpillars and the large black and orange butterflies they turn into in a red maple forest.

Mr Mays, said: Swallowtail caterpillars are beautiful creatures. They strike a sense of wonder from many observers.

Swallowtails have spots on their head that mimic snake eyes and are amazing to view. The disguise is very lifelike,

I was at this site looking specifically for the caterpillars. The caterpillar can also emit a pungent scene

if a predator gets too close The photographs show two different Spicebush Swallowtail caterpillars. One was found moving to a new feeding position

while another was spotted inside its leaf retreat. The caterpillars also have a few other tricks to keep them safe.

When they first hatch out, the tiny caterpillars look like little brown bird droppings. They spend most of the day folded up inside leaves as they develop.

The caterpillar turns into a striking black and orange butterfly. Finally the caterpillar has forked a, fleshy organ just above its head,

Mr Mays said: Im pleased with the photographs. The sharp angles and depth of field really accentuate the eye spots

The caterpillars live in folded leaf shelters and eat the leaves of the sassafras or spicebush.

Deers, Black bucks, Peacocks, Blue bulls, Chinkaras, are some of the animals that you would find roaming around their settlements.

For other ways to repel flies, moths, and other bugs, check out the article below. If youve got your own trusty DIY bug repellent solution,

not a hymenoptera (butterfly and moth) we are seeing things that people have not seen in other projects,

Two of the varieties contained genes for the Bt protein which protects the plant against the corn borer pest,

and a helping of giant silkworm moth larvae apparently provides all the daily copper and riboflavin requirements. There are even claims that bees boost the libido.

If you start seeing pretty white butterflies fluttering around your broccoli, youre guaranteed to start seeing little green worms all over your broccoli plants.

Tomato horn worm can be a problem in many areas#these large caterpillars should be removed by hand

It s not quite the proverbial butterfly flapping its wings creating a hurricane across the world,

In the Democratic republic of the congo, caterpillars are abundantly available all year round in markets. A quick Google search tells us that caterpillars have a nutty (to be more specific enoki-pine nutty)

or fruity taste and clearly Congolese are fond of them. One household, in the Congolese capital of Kinshasa, eats about 300 g of caterpillars a week on average.

This equates to an astonishing 96 tonnes of caterpillars consumed in the city annually. While in African countries

insects are eaten mostly by the natives, in Southeast asia, a plethora of insects, prepared and concocted in different ways,

Globally, beetles and caterpillars are consumed as much as all other edible insects taken together. But bees (as my brother can attest to),

a plant modified to produce a bacterial toxin that discourages destructive bollworms and cuts down on the need for pesticides.

making contest, Classes on making wreaths, walking sticks, vegetable gardens, butterfly gardens, native plants and hypertufa Madison County Public library::

and this requires talented people who know how to scale things back in an orderly fashion. 7. Feedback Loopers Those who can devise the best possible feedback loops. 8. Backlashers Ever new technology will have its detractors,

. Impact Minimizers 7. Demand Optimizers 8. Secondary Opportunity Developers 9. Feedback Loopers 10. Construction Teams PRTS have the potential to become the largest infrastructure project the earth has seen ever,

It's an amazing number of individual animals said Chris Hartley an entomologist at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House of the Missouri Botanical garden.

7 Perfect Survival Foods Mopane caterpillars Mopane caterpillars the larval stage of the emperor moth (Imbrasia belina) are common throughout the southern part of Africa.

Harvesting of mopane caterpillars is a multi-million dollar industry in the region where women

The caterpillars are boiled traditionally in salted water then sun-dried; the dried form can last for several months without refrigeration making them an important source of nutrition in lean times.

Whereas the iron content of beef is 6 mg per 100 grams of dry weight mopane caterpillars pack a whopping 31 mg of iron per 100 grams.

Though people often refer to the larvae of several different moths as witchetty grubs some sources specify the larval stage of the cossid moth (Endoxyla leucomochla) as the true witchetty grub.

The Audubon Butterfly Garden and Insectarium in New orleans is cooking up insect-filled Thanksgiving treats at their cafe called Bug Appã tit this Tuesday (Nov 26) and Wednesday (Nov 27.

which are the larva of moths live in beehives and eat exclusively beeswax so they have a slightly sweet taste.

How Peafowls Do it Peacocks and peahens ogether known as peafowls are world famous for the peacock's enormous flashy train

which it uses to woo females. But what else does the mating behavior of peafowls involve?

Outside of the breeding season peafowls roam around in small groups that typically consist of five or six peahens and one or two peacocks.

Peacocks set themselves up in individual display areas that are fairly spread out hey remain in acoustic contact with each other

To further entice his prospective mate the peacock will conduct a rattling display where he shakes his quills causing them to make a sound.

Recently Yorzinski and her colleagues discovered that peahens ignore most of a peacock's display train

and symmetry which could yield clues about the peacock's age and fitness. The upper portion of the train on the other hand may help peahens spot peacocks across large distances or over dense foliage.

If the peahen accepts the peacock's advances she will crouch down on the ground.

The peacock will then perform a hoot dash where he rushes toward the peahen while making a really loud call.

Yorzinski previously found that this copulation hoot might function to attract other females. Finally the peacock will climb onto the peahen's back and transfer sperm by pressing his cloaca (waste and reproductive orifice) against her cloaca.

Mating complete the pair departs ways to mate with other peafowls. Â Follow Joseph Castro on Twitter.

Other scientists are excited about the possible implications this research may have for other nectar-gathering insects such as hoverflies and moths.

Understanding the scent-tracking behavior of a silkmoth(Bombyx mori )could help scientists develop robots that are able to sense environmental spills and leaks by smell according to the new study.</

<a href=http://www. livescience. com/26892-moth-drives-robot. html target=blank>Insect Drives Tiny Robot Toward Seductive Smells</a p><p

and butterflies a new study finds. Previously scientists thought such behavior was unique to primates

And monarch butterflies fight parasites by laying their eggs in toxic milkweed plants. Helping humans Animal medicine can be useful to humans in a variety of ways.

and butterfly wings make use of some unique surface characteristics that promote self-cleaning. The researchers believe that incorporating some of these features into man-made products might be key to tackling problems associated with biofouling.

and butterfly wings combine the low drag of shark skin with the superhydrophobicity of the lotus leaf putting these surfaces at the top of the list of nature-made self-cleaners.

and butterfly wings came to the investigators from observing these structures in their natural habitats.

and butterfly wings roll off effortlessly and that each remains clean in their respective environment says Bhushan.

and lotus leaves rice leaves and butterfly wings have special properties that make them particularly resistant to fouling.

Like shark skin rice leaves and butterfly wings exhibited low drag and self-cleaning properties.

Both rice leaves and butterfly wings contain micro -and nano-sized features that repel and direct water in one direction says Bixler.

and butterfly wings combine antifouling properties of some of nature's best self-cleaners Bhushan and Bixler have identified new surfaces that can be used as engineering inspiration for a wide range of industries plagued by biofouling.

and butterfly wing-inspired films for applications requiring low drag self-cleaning and antifouling say Bhushan.

Bushan's study on rice leaves and butterfly wings was titled Bioinspired rice leaf and butterfly wing surface structures combining shark skin

and lotus effects and was published online in the journal Soft Matter on September 11 2012. DOI:

and bison and a fatty high-elevation insect called the army cutworm moth. Pine nuts in particular are linked to birth

#Harnessing The Power Of Peacocks To Make Colorful Images (ISNS)--The gloriously colored iridescent feathers of the male peacock aren't

As a peacock moves around its tail colors appear to change. That's because its iridescent feathers reflect different colors or wavelengths of light at different angles.

Â But while peacocks use feathers Guo's team uses metals which interact with light in more complicated ways.

To simulate the peacock effect the Michigan researchers combined the techniques. They etched nanoscale grooves on a piece of glass with the same technology used to etch computer chips.

and filmmaker Doug Peacock writes The USDA Wildlife Service is among the most unaccountable and clandestine of taxpayer-supported programs in America.

and the Great Barrier reef in Australia. 7 Amazing Places to Visit with Google street view Researchers focused on the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa)

whose caterpillar is one of the most destructive animals targeting pines and cedars in southern Europe Central asia and North africa devouring the foliage of these trees.

These social caterpillars spin large communal white silk nests which are highly visible making them potential targets of surveys via Google street view.

The scientists concentrated on a region about 18000 square miles (47000 square kilometers) large in France that was colonized recently by the caterpillars.

The researchers analyzed data regarding the presence or absence of caterpillar nests collected in these blocks through either direct observation in the field or Google street view.

and thus less chance to properly spot these caterpillar nests. This effect may be less of a problem in the future as Google street view's coverage expands.

you'd have better luck putting butterfly wings on a rhino. Most images of the Jersey Devil look like a monster that a high school Dungeons & dragons player might dream up as a composite of different unrelated animals

Amazonian Butterflies Drink Turtle Tears The sight of butterflies flocking onto the heads of yellow-spotted river turtles in the western Amazon rain forest is not uncommon at least

But the reason why butterflies congregate onto the turtles may be stranger than you think: to drink their tears.

The butterflies are attracted likely to the turtles'tears because the liquid drops contain salt specifically sodium an important mineral that is scant in the western Amazon said Phil Torres a scientist who does much of his research at the Tambopata Research center in Peru

Unlike butterflies turtles get plenty of sodium through their largely carnivorous diet. Meat contains significant levels of the salt Torres told Livescience.

Butterflies Drink Turtle Tears Drinking tears Turtle tears are not the only source of such salts for butterflies;

and sweating people said Geoff Gallice a graduate student of entomology at the Florida Museum of Natural history who has witnessed butterflies flocking to turtle tears in the western Amazon rain forest.

Does the butterfly feeding help hurt or have no impact on the turtles? Torres said it's not completely clear

since the butterflies can obstruct their vision. In fact the turtles blinded and drowning in butterfly kisses are sometimes easier to photograph than unadorned animals which may be able to spot an approaching photographer more easily.

The photos were taken by Jeff Cremer marketing director for Rainforest Expeditions an ecotourism company that hosts guests in the Peruvian Amazon

The turtles have enough tears to feed the butterflies simply because the butterflies are taking so little he said.

They simply uptake salts through a process similar to absorption by placing the proboscis on the salt-laden tears and passively'feed.'

Bees appear to annoy the turtles more than the butterflies perhaps due to their buzzing wings he said.

The Top 10 Weirdest Animal Discoveries Swabbing turtle eyeballs The butterflies also may be seeking other minerals in the turtles'tears

and Amazonas for over 50 years and have seen never butterflies drinking tears of turtles said Richard C. Vogt a researcher at the National Institute of Amazonian Research in Manaus Brazil.

Peahens Ignore Most of Peacocks'Flashy Displays A male hoping to attract a female's attention typically needs something to help him stand out from the crowd

and the inhabitants of the animal kingdom are no exception with peacocks representing particularly showy lovers.

even though peacocks put on some of the most striking and theatrical courtship displays peahens almost always gazed at the lower part of the peacock's train of feathers particularly below the neck.

The females were primarily looking at the lower portion of the males'display said study author Jessica Yorzinski an evolutionary biologist at Purdue University in Lafayette Ind.

Others thought peahens were drawn likely to the distinctive eyespots on a peacock's display of feathers.

Peahen gaze Yorzinski is unsure why peahens focus primarily on the lower part of a peacock's train.

She suggests the peacock's upper train may help females spot males across long distances since in India where peacocks are typically found thick vegetation could obscure everything except the top part of the males'display of feathers.

It's possible that when they're far away females use the upper train to find the males

Yorzinski intends to follow up this study by manipulating some of the male peacock's traits

and evaluate other peacocks'courting displays. The detailed findings of the new study were published online today (July 24) in the Journal of Experimental Biology.

#Real-life Smoking Caterpillar Uses Nicotine as Defense Ripped from the pages of Lewis carroll's Alice in wonderland scientists have discovered a smoking caterpillar of sorts.

While this find may not push Alice's hookah-smoking insect from its psychedelic pedestal this caterpillar is pretty snazzy as it can use nicotine to ward off hungry wolf spiders.

The researchers found a gene in hornworm caterpillars that allows them to puff nicotine out through their spiracles (tiny holes in their sides) from the tobacco they consume as a warning to their would-be predators.

Video See the Smoking Caterpillars in Action It's really a story about how an insect that eats a plant co-opts the plant for its own defense said study researcher Ian Baldwin a professor at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical

when trying to find out how hornworm caterpillars could consume tobacco plants despite the toxic nicotine within the plant's tissues.

In fact these caterpillars are hundreds of times more resistant than humans who smoke are to the toxic effects of nicotine.

By feeding hornworm caterpillars tobacco plants with and without nicotine researchers identified the gene that was activated

when the caterpillars consumed nicotine-containing tobacco plants. The scientists then placed so-called interference RNA matching that gene in tobacco plants grown in the lab. The interference RNA targeted that gene preventing the caterpillars from using their defense.

When caterpillars consumed the gene-altered tobacco they lost their ability to produce the tobacco halitosis

and thus their ability to ward off the spiders. As a result they were consumed at a higher rate by wolf spiders a rate similar to that found for caterpillars consuming nicotine-depleted tobacco plants.

Â This RNA-interference technique might someday be used in genetically modified crops produced with specific nutritional goals in mind as interference RNA targets a specific gene.

whether hornworm caterpillars have other defenses against predators. For instance the caterpillars also consume plants such as tomatoes which contain alkaloids that are not volatile like nicotine is.

If a compound is not volatile it isn't easily vaporized and so couldn't be emitted from tiny pores.

Peacocks and turkeys use their tail feathers for courtship displays. Past research has suggested that dinosaurs may have evolved first feathers for show not flight.

I think like peacocks oviraptors were strutting their stuff by shaking their tail feathers to show off Persons said.

and birds that do have big tail-feather fans such as peacocks and turkeys don't try to use them to run at all

A component of the spider venom is especially effective against the cotton bollworm a pest that attacks crop plants.

and cotton bollworms and compared the effects with those of mealworms injected with the peptide. When ingested by insects the poisonous chemical called orally active insecticidal peptide-1 was as toxic as the synthetic insecticide imidacloprid the group reported today (Sept. 11) in the journal PLOS ONE.

The venom was more potent against cotton bollworms than against termites and mealworms which eat stored grains rather than crops results showed.

Walnut sphinx caterpillars whistle by forcing air out of holes in their sides. Flying insects perform death drops

Listen to caterpillars communicate with their butts Of course there may be another explanation for the apparent response to sound reported by Gagliano.

So Turpin concocted corn fritters laced with European corn borers for an insect-cooking demonstration. Edible Bugs to Help Fight World Hunger Turpin also enthusiastically eats raw insects.

but has nibbled never an Antarctic pteropod called the naked sea butterfly (Clione limacina) which makes a chemical antifeedant compound.

and other designs such as two peacocks flanking an amphora a dove and a partridge and one amphora with a pomegranate and a lemonlike fruit inside.

#The Amazing Mating Dance of the Peacock Spider The animal dances and lifts up its tail-flap which once unfurled resembles an abstract Indian blanket of intense color.

Meet the peacock spider. Males from several species within this group of spiders put on remarkable mating displays to win over mates of the opposite gender.

Watch the Peacock Spider's Mating Dance For a creature so tiny most species are around an eighth of an inch (a few millimeters) long the display is surprisingly complex and visual.

What's your favorite thing about peacock spiders? JÃ rgen Otto: I realize that they are colorful but to me that is not the most important aspect since

Incredible Photos of Peacock Spiders I also love the way they interact with their environment how they exhibit fear excitement and curiosity.

How did you first get interested in peacock spiders? J. O.:I did not know anything about them until I stumbled over one during a walk in nearby bushland near Sydney purely by accident.

What is your favorite type of peacock spider? J. O.:That's a really a hard question to answer.

because my obsession with peacock spiders started with that species . However Maratus vespertilio is probably a close second.

How do you film peacock spiders? J. O.:When I started to film them I had no idea about how to go about it.

but it evolved probably in a similar fashion as it did inâ birds of paradise or peacocks a result of sexual selection.

Sexual selection involves the development of exaggerated features like the tail-feathers of a peacock

or gypsy moths in the East) reproduce more quickly and often. Tracking and understanding those changes requires data a great deal of data deally spread over time and distance.

It's a favorite host plant of the zebra swallowtail butterfly whose larvae feed on the leaves.

#Butterflies Caught Lapping Up Crocodile Tears Crocodile tears may be drinks for thirsty butterflies and bees new research reveals.

and filmed butterflies and bees fluttering about the corners of the eyes of a spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) a crocodilian that can reach up to 8. 2 feet (2. 5 meters) long that was basking on the riverbank.

See Video of Butterflies Drinking Croc Tears & Tear-Drinking Images It was one of those natural history moments that you long to see up close de la Rosa said in a statement.

These new findings support a 2012 report of a bee sipping the tears of a yellow-spotted river turtle in Ecuador's Yasunã National park. Similar findings were seen with butterflies drinking the tears of yellow-spotted river

The caiman seemed very tolerant of both the butterfly and the bee de la Rosa said.

Peacocks With their stunning plumage peacocks already have a knack for style. But researchers at the University of California Davis and Duke university wanted to know what parts of the flashy males'display catch a female's or peahen's eye.

It turns out the peacock gals were mostly looking at the lower part of their suitor's feathers

7 Perfect Survival Foods</a p>Mopane caterpillars — the larval stage of the emperor moth(Imbrasia belina)—

are common throughout the southern part of Africa. Harvesting of mopane caterpillars is a multi-million dollar industry in the region where women

and children generally do the work of gathering the plump little insects.</The caterpillars are boiled traditionally in salted water then sun-dried;

the dried form can last for several months without refrigeration making them an important source of nutrition in lean times.

mopane caterpillars pack a whopping 31 mg of iron per 100 grams. They' re also a good source of potassium sodium calcium phosphorous magnesium zinc manganese and copper according to the FAO.</

Though people often refer to the larvae of several different moths as witchetty grubs some sources specify the larval stage of the cossid moth(Endoxyla leucomochla)as the true witchetty grub.

Oh just a butterfly he said dismissively. I just smiled to myself because unlike him

so heartbreaking to hear that the number of monarch butterflies that migrate across the United states each year

Although the number of butterflies varies from year to year this estimate is a precipitous drop from a high of 1 billion in 1997 and down from a long-term average of 350 million over the last 15 years.

It signals a species in crisis. The decline of monarch butterflies over the last decade or more has coincided with the wide-scale adoption of genetically modified crops that are resistant to the weed-killer glyphosate also known as Round up.

The problem is that monarch butterflies are milkweed dependent on. It's the only type of plant that they use for laying their eggs.

This explains why the loss of butterflies from a specific region could have such a large impact on the overall population size.

Drought particularly in Texas is believed to also be posing a threat to these butterflies as they try to make their way from Mexico across the United states to Southern Canada and back in the span of a year.

And deforestation of the butterflies'wintering habitat continues to be a concern. However given that the widespread adoption of Round up Ready crops has eliminated largely the monarch's most essential habitat by removing milkweeds from the landscape it's time to reconsider

So much more than'just a butterfly.''This Op-Ed was adapted from Monarch butterfly population hits a new low on the NRDC blog Switchboard.

The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.

Terrestrial turtles also eat a variety of foods from earthworms grubs snails beetles and caterpillars to grasses fruit berries mushrooms and flowers.

Furthermore while many species On earth#arnacles butterflies birds#re shifting their habitats poleward in search of cooler climates where are the Antarctic animals supposed to go?

because it's so large maybe the size of a peacock Chiappe said. But the scientists'aerodynamic calculations suggest Changyuraptor's long tail feathers helped slow its fall assuring safe landings.

or butterflies and millipede identification can be tricky. Despite this lack of recognition millipedes go about their daily routines as recycling machines on the forest floor.

and these sluggish tree-dwellers also serve as a hotel for moths and algae. Three-toed sloths descend from the trees once a week to defecate providing a breeding ground for moths that live in the animals'fur

and nourishing gardens of algae that supplement the sloths'diet new research finds. Leaving the trees burns energy

Important interspecific interactions between sloths their moths and algae-#seem to be reinforcing or even dictating important aspects of sloth behavior especially their ritualized behavior of descending the tree to defecate wildlife ecologist Jonathan Pauli of the University of Wisconsin-Madison leader of the study published today (Jan 21) in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society

and three-toed sloths near San Josã Costa rica and counted the number of moths as well as the amount of nitrogen phosphorus and algae in each animal's fur.

The researchers found more moths in the fur of three-toed sloths than in that of their two-toed relatives.

Fungi in the sloths'environment may be decomposing dead moths fostering the growth of algae. Or the moths may be directly transferring nutrients from the sloth dung to their fur where algae can grow.

The sloths consume the algae which is rich in fatty compounds and gives them energy. In addition to being a tasty nutritional supplement the algae may serve as camouflage against predators from above such as the Harpy eagle.

The symbiotic relationship among sloths moths and algae could explain why it's hard to keep three-toed sloths well nourished in the highly sanitized environments in captivity.