It's made from barley honey juniper and other herbs like those in the ancient version.
Beta-agonists, the environment and cattle feed intakegrowing cattle that are more efficient in converting feed to muscle is a main goal in the beef industry.
Many cattle producers feedlot operators and researchers strive to use genetics and modern feedlot technologies to continuously improve that efficiency.
Chris Reinhardt feedlot specialist for Kansas State university is one of those researchers seeking to find solutions to improve efficiency in cattle production.
Reinhardt has looked specifically at how beta-agonists a cattle feed supplement approved by the U s. Food
and Drug Administration and considered safe from a food safety perspective improve the cattle's natural ability to convert feed into more lean muscle.
Beta-agonists increase the deposition of lean muscle on the carcass Reinhardt said. They make cattle more efficient at converting grain to muscle.
They also improve the efficiency of converting an animal carcass into sellable meat. Zilmax formally known as zilpaterol hydrochloride is one of only two beta-agonists approved for cattle feeding on the market.
if beta-agonists particularly Zilmax affect cattle feed intake. Over the past few years on certain occasions feedlots have seen where Zilmax was started in the feed
and cattle would fall off on intake Reinhardt said. Sometimes the intake would come back to normal
Reinhardt has looked at data from three separate commercial feedlots over the past three years and studied some of the differences in feed intake in 1100 pens of cattle.
He looked at the dry matter intake prior to and through the end of the cattle-feeding period.
when Zilmax was brought into the feed rations the sex and weight of the cattle and the location of the feedlot to try to filter out any common factors
when the cattle did did or not lose feed intake. The data analysis uncovered two main findings.
First season played a role in the drop-off in feed intake. Second cattle that were consuming more feed prior to the initiation of Zilmax had a much higher likelihood of losing intake
and the size of the intake drop-off was larger. The drop-off was quite a bit larger in the summertime than in the other seasons Reinhardt said.
In spring and fall there was very little change in intake. What pens did fall off on intake for the most part actually recovered back to normal.
Advice for feedlot operatorsreinhardt said it will take more research to make specific recommendations on using beta-agonists to cattle feeders
when Zilmax will return to the market many feedlots might have switched to using a competing beta-agonist called Optaflexx or ractopamine.
The transition from one product to another Reinhardt said hasn't been a huge challenge for many feedlot operators
I hope we continue to have the opportunity to utilize technologies in our feedlot community Reinhardt said.
But I hope we use them with the best information available to help feedlots be more profitable and sustainable.
and markets they might notice that beef products are double or triple the price of other protein sources
and rightfully so might hold beef to an even higher standard of excellence said Dan Thomson Kansas State university veterinarian professor and director of the Beef cattle Institute.
Beef is one of the purest most wholesome and most humanely raised forms of protein that we produce worldwide Thomson said.
As a beef industry we are being asked day in and day out to take a holistic view of technology.
The use of beta-agonists in cattle feeding is among the modern feedlot technologies making waves in the beef industry.
and how the feed supplement might cause cattle particularly in the summer months to be slow-moving and stiff-muscled once they arrive at packing facilities.
We're going to learn more about the last 30 days on feed Thomson said of research on beta-agonists.
History of beta-agonist usefeedlots have used beta-agonists a cattle feed supplement approved by the U s. Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) and considered safe from a food safety perspective to improve the cattle's natural ability to convert feed into more lean muscle.
A closer look at cattle fatigue syndromethe beef industry has a really good start on understanding
Advice for feedlot operatorsthomson said that he is very pro-technology. While Merck recently announced that it is too early to determine
and the Five-Step Plan for Responsible Beef) many feedlots might have switched to using a competing beta-agonist called Optaflexx or ractopamine.
whether they might also use them to avoid webs and thus becoming dinner.''Electrical disturbances caused by spider webs are ranged extremely short so it is not yet clear
obesityscientists have known for the past twenty years that a fiber-rich diet protects the organism against obesity
and the ability of the intestine to produce glucose between meals. These results published in the journal Cell on 9 january 2014 also clarify the role of the intestine
They will give rise to new dietary recommendations to prevent diabetes and obesity. Most sweet fruit and many vegetables such as salsify cabbage or beans are rich in so-called fermentable fibers.
animals fed a fiber-rich diet become less fat and are less likely to develop diabetes than animals fed a fiber-free diet.
The intestine is in fact capable of synthesizing this sugar and releasing it into the blood stream between meals and at night.
However glucose has particular properties: it is detected by the nerves in the walls of the portal vein
and last but not least the liver produces less glucose. In order to make the connection between fermentable fibers and the production of glucose by the intestine the researchers subjected rats
and mice to diets enriched with fermentable fibers or with propionate or butyrate. They then observed a strong induction of the expression of genes and enzymes responsible for the synthesis of glucose in the intestine.
-and sugar-rich diet but supplemented with fibers became less fat than control mice and were protected also against the development of diabetes thanks to significantly increased sensitivity to insulin.
The work out in Current Biology looked into the mechanism that allowed gregarious locusts to change their diet surprisingly fast--just a few hours after solitarious locusts are crowded they are eating toxic plants
Although gregarious animals later recover this capacity their diet is affected not because at this point the food taste is no longer an important deciding factor.
The changes in diet were particular puzzling to scientists since food is a crucial survival tool and an adaptation to the animal's specific life story and ecology.
Although the new diet improved the survival chances of the animal in the swarm by increasing the range of food available
They used a protocol similar to the one in Pavlov's dog experiments (where a dog is conditioned to associate a bell with being fed) using vanilla (the locusts'favourite) and lemon odours.
But in this case the locusts were taught to link a vanilla odour with unpalatable nicotine food (so with a negative/aversive stimulus) or instead lemon with a nutritious diet (positive stimulus).
) Since locusts prefer the smell of vanilla to lemon if after training they chose lemon the conditioning had been successful.
--while solitarious and gregarious locusts had no problem gaining negative memories (so being conditioned to link vanilla to the unpalatable diet)
but they still did not explain how the gregarious animals changed their diet so fast.
To start the animals were taught to associate vanilla with hyoscyamine but this time while solitarious locusts learned to avoid vanilla--so gained the negative memory--neither transiens nor gregarious locusts could do it.
In fact to these two forms hyoscyamine seemed to even be neutral or appetitive. While this was clearly advantageous
To test for this possibility the researchers used a slightly different protocol--solitarious locusts were trained to associate hyoscyamine not with a vanilla but with the lemon odour.
since locusts normally chose vanilla they will only go for lemon if hyoscyamine has a strong appetitive value.
Remarkably now the majority of transiens locusts (so those that have been crowded) chose lemon over vanilla in comparison with only one third of solitarious non-crowded locusts showing that they in fact see hyoscyamine as appetitive.
In addition different diets mean that cows can produce the same amount of milk with lower emissions.
It is possible to imagine cutting emissions from cattle by a fifth using a combination approach in which you would breed from lower-emitting cattle as well as changing their diets Garnsworthy said.
She said changed diets will affect methane production directly but better genotypes alongside better diets will create a positive synergy for lower emissions.
Over the longer term better genotypes will mean lower cost if special diets are needed not.
But Garnsworthy warns that the project which has two years to run is not a simple one.
Over time it could improve practice with beef as well as milk herds and with other ruminants such as sheep deer and goats.
Eat a healthy diet. Obesity is a risk factor for many cancers including esophagus pancreas colorectal and breast cancers.
Limiting red meats and processed meats can lower your risk of colorectal cancer. Many specific foods like leafy green vegetables
and lean meats to maintain a healthy weight. If you are looking for extra help in starting down the path of healthy eating visit eatright. org the website for the Academy of Nutrition
Bacteria that cause the formation of these nodules in legumes such as soybeans alfalfa and peanuts are crucial to sustainable agricultural systems Hirsch said.
An Oxford university study has concluded that our ancient ancestors who lived in East Africa between 2. 4 million-1. 4 million years ago survived mainly on a diet of tiger nuts.
The study published in the journal PLOS ONE also suggests that these early hominins may have sought additional nourishment from fruits and invertebrates like worms and grasshoppers.
Study author Dr Gabriele Macho examined the diet of Paranthropus boisei nicknamed Nutcracker Man because of his big flat molar teeth and powerful jaws through studying modern-day baboons
Scholars have debated why this early human relative had such strong jaws indicating a diet of hard foods like nuts yet their teeth seemed to be made for consuming soft foods.
Previous research using stable isotope analyses suggests the diet of these homimins was composed largely of C4 plants like grasses and sedges.
Her finding is grounded in existing data that details the diet of year-old baboons in Amboseli National park in Kenya--a similar environment to that once inhabited by Paranthropus boisei.
The Oxford study calculates a hominin could extract sufficient nutrients from a tiger nut-based diet i e. around 10000 kilojoules or 2000 calories a day--or 80%of their required daily calorie intake in two and half to three hours.
On the basis of recent isotope results these hominins appear to have survived on a diet of C4 foods
What this research tells us is that hominins were selective about the part of the grass that they ate choosing the grass bulbs at the base of the grass blade as the mainstay of their diet.'
'Tiger nuts still sold in health food shops as well as being used widely for grinding down and baking in many countries would be relatively easy to find.
They also provided a good source of nourishment for a medium-sized hominin with a large brain.
The position paper Dietary Fatty acids for Healthy Adults has been published in the January issue of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
and dietetic technicians registered to translate research on fat and fatty acids into practical dietary recommendations for consumers.
The Academy recommends a food-based approach through a diet that includes regular consumption of fatty fish nuts
and seeds lean meats and poultry low-fat dairy products vegetables fruits whole grains and legumes.
Registered dietitian nutritionists can help consumers understand that a total diet approach is more beneficial than simply reducing dietary fat
and seeds and to consume fewer desserts and convenience foods. â#¢Fat is a critical nutrient
and certain types of fat such as omega-3s and omega-6s are needed for good health. For this and other health reasons a fat-free diet is recommended not. â#¢Fish is an excellent source of the omega-3s EPA and DHA;
flax walnuts and canola oil are good sources of ALA omega-3. â#¢Both the amount of fat (how much) and the type of fat
(what foods) in the diet can affect health and risk of disease. â#¢Different foods provide different types of fat.
Some fats improve your health (omega-3s help your heart and brain) while some are detrimental to your health (trans fat increases heart disease risk factors).
Internal waves can bring nutrients up from ocean depths Peacock says. Matthew Alford an associate professor of oceanography at the University of Washington who was involved in the related field studies for this project says The strong forcing
They analyzed soil from a primary forest a pasture established in 2004 and a secondary forest that resulted from the abandonment of a pasture in 1999.
The team used DNA analysis specifically the nifh gene that is characteristic of diazotrophs to measure the communities in the samples.
Rodrigues said researchers were surprised to find a tenfold increase in the number of diazotrophic microorganisms in the pasture established in 2004
They theorize the pasture ecosystems rely on the diazotrophs more for nitrogen because of the continuous grazing from cattle requiring constant regrowth of grasses.
We observed a complete shift in the diazotrophic microbial community composition in response to the Amazon rain forest conversion to a pasture Mirza said.
because we did see partial recovery of diazotroph community composition in the secondary forest which have more plant species as compared to pasture.
After pastures were abandoned and a secondary forest grew partial restoration of the original diazotrophic communities was achieved researchers said.
Growth of secondary forest is ongoing for about 50 percent of the abandoned pastures in the Amazon
. Along with the eggs and nestlings of greater sage grouse ravens also prey on the federally endangered Desert tortoise the endangered San Clemente Loggerhead shrike and the California Least Tern.
which eggs and young are consumed by ravens. WCS Northern Rockies Program Coordinator Jeff Burrell said Sagebrush steppe is one of the most important and most threatened habitats in the western U s. Healthy sagebrush steppe provides crucial cover
The researchers had noted previously changes in the skin blood flow in the eyelid and nose in response to basic sweet umami (pleasant savoury) and bitter tastes.
They studied the responses of 15 test subjects to the taste of sweet chilli sauce orange juice bitter tea coffee and soup and a water control.
when changes induced by chilli sauce were excluded there was a significant correlation between the palatability ratings the test subjects gave
These results suggest that the facial circulatory response reflects the degree of palatability of a foodstuff conclude the researchers.
Results and suggestionsci in the eyelid increased significantly in response to chilli sauce orange juice and soup while CIS in the forehead nose
and cheek decreased in response to bitter tea. There was a significant correlation between the palatability scores
and CI values in the eyelid when changes induced by chilli sauce were excluded. These results suggest that the facial circulatory response reflects the degree of palatability of a foodstuff.
The conductance index in the nose was not found to be related to palatability scores however bitter tea caused vasoconstriction in the nose.
Together with Dr Soma Mitra we also assessed the background diet of all the participants before they were allowed to join the study.
study suggeststhe Western diet probably has more to do with the asthma epidemic than has been assumed so far
fruit and vegetables are playing an ever smaller role in people's diets. Now new results suggest that these two developments are not merely simultaneous they are linked also causally.
A team of researchers led by Benjamin Marsland from Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) has shown in experiments with mice that the lack of fermentable fibers in people's diet paves the way for allergic inflammatory reactions in the lungs.
either put mice on a standard diet with four percent fermentable fibers or gave them low-fiber food with merely 0. 3 percent fermentable fibers.
This low-fiber food is largely comparable to the Western diet which contains no more than 0. 6 percent fibers on average.
When the researchers exposed the mice to an extract of house dust mites the mice with the low-fiber food developed a stronger allergic reaction with much more mucus in the lungs than the mice with the standard diet.
Conversely a comparison between mice on a standard diet and mice who received food enriched with fermentable fibers likewise showed that these dietary fibers have a protective influence.
These acids then enter the bloodstream and influence the development of immune cells in the bone marrow.
because the share of plant fibers in Western diets is comparable to the low-fiber food of the mice
We plan to conduct clinical studies to find out how a diet enriched with fermentable fibers affects allergies and inflammations.
Now a new study appearing in Annals of the Entomological Society of America called Effect of Egg Rearing Temperature and Storage Time on the Biological Characteristics of the Predatory Stink Bug Podisus
The successful storage of eggs at a low temperature is important for the use of natural enemies in pest control programs as it allows greater flexibility in the mass-rearing process.
The researchers found that the optimum temperature for P. nigrispinus eggs to be stored is 15 degrees celsius
and that the eggs could be stored for up to 17 days without significantly affecting most of the biological characteristics analyzed in the study.
Our results suggest that low temperatures can be used to store eggs for mass rearing of this potential biological control agent the authors write.
This sets the stage for fertilization of the egg and would begin the process of seed formation--had the reproductive act been completed.
Can't have your cake and eat it tooto make matters worse this particular mutation has become rather common in Nordic Red cattle
the acidity of the fruit and its amount of sugar. The results confirm the usefulness of these devices for controlling grape maturity
The products are designed specially for people with allergies to cow's milk lactose or gluten intolerance as well as children and pregnant women.
and hazelnuts and soon will evaluate the use of walnuts and chestnuts as raw material for these new products.
This last property together with the absence of lactose milk protein and gluten are what make these drinks good substitutes for cow's milk concludes Chelo Gonzã¡
Research uncovers diets of middle, lower class in Pompeiiuniversity of Cincinnati archaeologists are turning up discoveries in the famed Roman city of Pompeii that are wiping out the historic perceptions of how the Romans dined with the rich enjoying delicacies such as flamingos
and the poor scrounging for soup or gruel. Steven Ellis a University of Cincinnati associate professor of classics will present these discoveries on Jan 4 at the joint annual meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) and American Philological Association (APA) in Chicago.
UC teams of archaeologists have spent more than a decade at two city blocks within a non-elite district in the Roman city of Pompeii
fish and chicken eggs as well as minimal cuts of more expensive meat and salted fish from Spain.
and even delicacies including the butchered leg joint of a giraffe. That the bone represents the height of exotic food is underscored by the fact that this is thought to be the only giraffe bone ever recorded from an archaeological excavation in Roman Italy says Ellis. How part of the animal butchered came to be a kitchen scrap in a seemingly standard Pompeian restaurant not only speaks to long-distance trade in exotic
Deposits also included exotic and imported spices some from as far away as Indonesia. Ellis adds that one of the deposits dates as far back as the 4th century
or huddled around a bowl of gruel--needs to be replaced by a higher fare and standard of living at least for the urbanites in Pompeii.
meaning larger turkeys at meals and more opportunity for waste. But food waste isn't just a problem at Thanksgiving.
Flickr/Pink Sherbet Photography
10 ways to get ready for the end of oillast week a reader wrote to me:
and energy, is the best course of action. I'm not suggesting that anyone become the doomer variety of prepper.
Cooking from scratch--especially vegetarian dishes, since we all know that the commercial meat industry is massively reliant on petroleum and natural gas.
Of course, raising animals for meat is another matter, and if you're going to go there,
you probably better reconcile yourself to learning butchering as well.)Learning how to cut and season wood,
Why would you conserve water in the urban environment when the farmers are flooding the fields?
formerly of Apple and Pepsico, who met Vu at a dinner and received an impromptu product demonstration.
A year after Fukushima, how life in Japan has told changedas to Laura Shin by Yuki Kokubo Yuki Kokubo is based a Brooklyn filmmaker who focuses on social and environmental issues.
and contaminated vegetables were going into school lunches. They were also really angry that the Japanese government covered up the fact that they knew how high radiation levels were in places like Tokyo.
Low levels of radiation spread to such a wide area throughout Japan. In some places, they have scraped off the top layer of playgrounds and schools,
Yuki and her parents eating breakfast. Bottom: Yuki Kokubo. Courtesy of Yuki Kokubo) More from the Collateral Damage series:
and PIE Studio founder Bannavis Andrew Sribyatta barely knew what Šsustainable  meant when he started using natural materials to make high-end furniture.
It takes away the nutrients from the fish and blocks the whole ecosystem in the river.
like when a waiter asks you if you â¢re done with your meal. There are so many things we think we â¢re done with that we can reuse.
and pitchfork in defense of their city cilantro. It seems to me that the truth lies somewhere in the middle.
and officials at Chicago O â¢Hare are currently contemplating the use of goats to cut down on weeds.
The Chicago Department of Aviation recently put out a bid calling for someone to supply goats to eat up some weeds surrounding O â¢Hare
An old Chicago slaughterhouse turned vertical farmin a neighborhood with close ties to the American industrial food system, an old Chicago meat-packing plant could become the symbol of the new urban
a neighborhood that inspired Upton Sinclair's critical look at the meat-packing industry (among other things) in  The Jungle.
as an exciting new project is transforming a former meat-packing plant into a producer of fresh produce and new businesses.
a company that makes kombucha tea, an artisanal bakery, a mushroom farm, and two aquaponics companies--Skyygreens Aquaponics (which will run the vertical farm) and 312 Aquaponics
I then had lunch with him and was impressed very with his modest, low-key style for someone who I had been dying to meet given his tremendous accomplishments in China.
Our farting microbes are farting methane to power our generator which in turn feeds into the distillery's electrical distribution network this also fuels Reynier's electric car.
I make and apple pie. Siri, if you ask her the same question, will ask you
as well as local beefsteak tomatoes, until that ephemeral sweetness has faded. I don't know how much of that corn is grown organically here in the chemical-happy Garden state,
and even make pizza with customized toppings. But what happens when a machine displaces someone we really care about--someone who knows our personal routines,
hormone-free milk and natural syrups) with a precision and consistency wholly unattainable by humans.
so they can reorder their favorite drinks--with, for instance, a certain number of vanilla shots or certain amount of sugar.
and syrups imported from France. The Briggo mantra is that it's first and foremost a gourmet coffee company--not a technology or device company.
and ask for a touch more milk or another pump of syrup. When the machine is done,
whether it a duck or a bird. Carla Dove, Nancy Rotzel and Marcy Heacker use the museum bird collection to identify birds that are involved in bird strikes.
Dove and her team worked on the remains of the geese from the 2009 US AIRWAYS landing in the Hudson river.
trying to determine from DNA samples exactly how many geese hit the plane. The remains of the geese were hand-delivered to the Smithsonian within two days of the accident,
and the team was able to sex the samples and determine there were at least one or two birds, eight pounds each, from a migratory population.
But when wildlife biologists and the U s. Department of agriculture killed nearly 400 geese this summer because they lived in Brooklyn Prospect Park â too close to New york La Guardia
what she thought about the Prospect Park geese. I love birds, but when it comes to the airports,
they have got to control these geese, she said. They re doing the right thing. Airplane engines â which go through bird tests â are designed to handle strikes with certain weights of birds
In the meantime, the number of eight-pound geese have grown. Strike reports have increased dramatically, but Dove isn't sure
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