#Researchers see added nutritional benefits in organic milka team led by a Washington state University researcher has found that organic milk contains significantly higher concentrations of heart-healthy fatty acids compared to milk from cows on conventionally managed dairy farms.
While all types of milk fat can help improve an individual's fatty acid profile the team concludes that organic whole milk does so even better.
The study is the first large-scale U s.-wide comparison of organic and conventional milk testing nearly 400 samples of organic and conventional milk over an 18-month period.
Conventional milk had an average omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio of 5. 8 more than twice that of organic milk's ratio of 2. 3. The researchers say the far healthier ratio of fatty acids in organic
milk is brought about by a greater reliance on pasture and forage-based feeds on organic dairy farms.
Organic milk and cream sales were worth $2. 622 billion the survey found. Overall organic milk accounted for 4 percent of fluid milk sales last year according to the Milk Processor Education Program.
The consumption of more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids is a well-known risk factor for a variety of health problems including cardiovascular disease cancer excessive inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
Surprisingly simple food choices can lead to much better levels of the healthier fats we see in organic milk says Benbrook.
We were surprised to find that recommended intakes of full-fat milk products supply far more of the major omega-3 fatty acid ALA than recommended servings of fish says co-author
and WSU research associate Donald R. Davis. Conventional milk had about nine times more ALA than fish
while organic milk had 14 times more he says. Organic milk is also a significant source of two other omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DPA but not DHA.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Washington state University. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and vegetable consumption at home by a quarter-to a third-cup and were more likely to choose low-fat or fat-free milk.
which are given to normal livestock during periods of rapid growth or high egg and milk production.
So newborns generally receive enough of the trace element through breast milk and baby food containing added iodine.
For the first time a team of researchers from ETH compared the direct administration of iodine with indirect nourishment through breast milk in newborns
Over the next nine months Bouhouch and her colleagues measured the iodine concentration in breast milk
. Although administration of iodine to the mother passed an astonishing amount of the trace element from the mother's breast milk to the child the iodine concentration in the urine of the baby was well below the critical threshold just nine months after birth.
WHO recommendations inadequatein the comparison administration of iodine directly to the newborn was significantly less effective than indirect administration through breast milk.
when it is passed through breast milk than in a pre-processed form. The iodine status of the infants who received the capsule directly was usually below the threshold.
and producer price of milk. However milk products are a significant source of saturated fatty acids in the Western diet.
How should dairy cattle be fed for their milk to contain more unsaturated fatty acids? Only scant research data are available on the effects on the lipid metabolism of ruminants of the forage conventionally used to feed dairy cows.
Anni Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau who has worked as a researcher at MTT and at the University of Helsinki studied in her doctoral thesis the role of forage species and conservation method in ruminal lipid metabolism and milk fatty acid composition.
The practical aim was to develop a feeding strategy that decreases the share of saturated fatty acids and increases the share of unsaturated fatty acids particularly oleic acid (Omega-9) and alpha linolenic-acid acid (Omega-3) in milk fat composition.
Fresh grass increases the share of oleic acidapproximately one half of milk fat is generated in the mammary glands of cows the other half coming from the fats in forage.
Most of the unsaturated fatty acids in forage go through biohydrogenation i e. become saturated in the rumen. In addition as a result of feed fermentation fat precursors are formed in the rumen
and the mammary glands and thereby the fat composition of milk Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau explains. The effect of the forage conservation method was examined in two tests using fresh grass hay
and increases the share of unsaturated oleic acid in milk fat compared to hay feed says Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau.
The differences in milk fat composition between hay and silage feedings were minor. Changing to red clover is worth itmilk fatty-acid composition was investigated also by replacing grass silage with red clover silage
and increased the concentration of alpha linolenic-acid acid in milk fat Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau notes. A moderate vegetable oil supplement also further changed the composition of milk fat to become more favorable as human nutrition.
The vegetable oil supplement did not decrease forage intake and made little change to the share of trans fatty acids in milk fat except
when given as camelina press cake. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by MTT Agrifood Research Finland.
#Drinking more milk as a teenager does not lower risk of hip fracture laterdrinking more milk as a teenager apparently does not lower the risk of hip fracture as an older adult
While drinking milk during adolescence is recommended to achieve peak bone mass milk's role in hip fractures later in life has not been established.
Drinking more milk is associated with attaining greater height which is a risk factor for hip fracture according to the study background.
D. of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard university Boston and colleagues examined the association between remembered teenage milk consumption and risk of hip fracture at older ages in a study of more than 96000 men
Study findings indicate teenage milk consumption (between the ages of 13-18 years) was associated with an increased risk of hip fractures in men with each additional glass of milk per day as a teenager
Teenage milk consumption was associated not with hip fractures in women. The association between drinking milk and hip fractures in men was influenced partially by height according to the studywe did not see an increased risk of hip fracture with teenage milk consumption in women as we did in men.
One explanation may be the competing benefit of an increase in bone mass with an adverse effect of greater height.
The authors suggest that further research needs to be done to examine the roles of early milk consumption
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 recommends the consumption of three cups of milk or equivalent dairy foods per day to promote maximal bone mass in adolescents.
In this investigation higher milk consumption at this age did not translate into a lower risk of hip fracture for older adults
#Gentle pasteurization of milk#with microwavesin the EU-funded project Micromilk European SMES together with the University of Hohenheim and the Fraunhofer IGB have developed a novel method for pasteurization of milk with microwaves.
In order to increase the shelf life of fresh milk and eliminate spoilage by microorganisms milk is heated usually in a process well known as pasteurization.
Hereby cold milk is preheated first and then further heated in a separate section for a few seconds up to 72°C. The major microorganisms present in the milk are destroyed during this process
and as a result the milk can be kept consumable for up to 10 days. Currently the milk is pasteurized by using plate heat exchangers in
which preheated milk is passed in countercurrent to hot water or steam. The heat recovered from the subsequent cooling of the pasteurized milk is used to heat the incoming cold milk.
However direct heating using plate heat exchangers has disadvantages: heat transfer is weakened by a process known as fouling in
which the heating time is extended by formation of an undesirable layer on the large surfaces of the heat exchanger.
In the EU project Micromilk coordinated by the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB different partners have developed a system that enables the preservation of milk and milk products with microwaves.
A prototype for continuous microwave-pasteurization with a throughput of 400 liters of milk per hour has been integrated into an existing pasteurization process at a dairy station at the University of Hohenheim.
Due to this extremely rapid almost sudden heating (flash heating) the milk is exposed to high temperatures only for very short time.
Through this chamber the milk flows in a special pipe. The pipe material does not absorb the microwaves
During this passage the milk is heated directly and unlike the plate heat exchanger it is heated not from the outside to the inside but volumetrically:
when the electromagnetic waves are absorbed by the polar molecules of the milk this makes the molecules oscillate over the entire volume
The unit is designed specifically for the flash-heating of milk from ca. 67°C to 72°C replacing the conventional heat exchanger and the associated heating circuit for pasteurization.
and will be tested to treat especially high viscous products such as condensed milk and whey concentrates as well as products with a high content of solids such as fruit yogurt fruit juice and fruit puree.
productivitythe health of dairy cows after giving birth plays a big factor in the quantity and quality of the milk the cows produce.
Dairy cows begin producing milk after giving birth and continue for 11 to 12 months until they are dried off by a dairy farmer about 45-60 days before their next calving.
and the amount of quality milk dairy cows produce Middleton recommends paying close attention to dietary management in the late dry/early lactating period as well as providing supplemental sources of calcium during early
and ethnically diverse women to assess the incidence of delayed milk production among women with a history of GDM
Identification of risk factors for delayed milk production could help target breastfeeding support services and enable women with GDM to experience the benefits of lactation for their own future health and that of their offspring.
Lactation is characterized by increased glucose utilization and decomposition of fat through the processes for milk production as well as higher maternal basal metabolic rates and mobilization of fat stores.
Timely onset of milk production following delivery is important for successful breastfeeding and newborn health.
Delayed onset of milk production is defined usually as not occurring until after 72 hours (or three days) postpartum and its incidence in the U s. is high ranging from 23 percent to 44 percent.
Just because someone is allergic to cow's milk doesn't mean they are allergic to milk from all other animals said Dr. Bahna.
Milk allergy is commonly outgrown in childhood while a peanut or shellfish allergy usually lasts for many years or for a lifetime.
This can lead to grass tetany or milk fever in livestock but the problems don't stop there.
and feet decline in milk production in females and weight loss. Although most animals recover over the course of months some die of complications from the disease.
Reporting in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences during the week of Oct 21 2013 the researchers describe how the TNC protein in breast milk binds to
Permar and colleagues focused on breast milk which has long been recognized as having some protective quality that inhibits mother-to-child transmission despite multiple daily exposures over months and even years of nursing.
Earlier studies had identified some antiviral properties in breast milk but the majority of the HIV-neutralizing activity of breast milk remained unexplained.
In their study the Duke team screened mature milk samples from uninfected women for neutralizing activity against a panel of HIV strains confirming that all of the detectable HIV-neutralization activity was contained in the high molecular weight portion.
but its reason for being a component of breast milk or its antiviral properties had never been described.
It's likely that TNC is acting in concert with other anti-HIV factors in breast milk and further research should explore this Permar said.
since it is a naturally occurring component of breast milk and it may avoid the problem of HIV resistance to antiretroviral regimens that complicate maternal/infant applications.
#Buying breast milk online is likely to cause illness in infantsresults from a study led by researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital found more than three-fourths of breast milk samples purchased over the Internet contained bacteria that can cause illness
but an earlier study cited 13000 postings were placed on U s. milk sharing websites in 2011.
We were surprised so many samples had such high bacterial counts and even fecal contamination in the milk most likely from poor hand hygiene.
Individuals posted classified ads on websites describing the breast milk they wanted to sell or why they were seeking breast milk.
Researchers responded to ads from sellers who did not ask about the infant receiving milk
and who did not require a phone call before a transaction was made. Researchers analyzed 101 samples bought online
and compared the findings to 20 samples obtained from a milk bank. In the U s. twelve nonprofit milk banks follow the Human Milk Banking Association of North america guidelines
and provide pasteurized milk from carefully screened donors to fragile and sick infants. Because the milk banks pasteurize their milk harmful bacteria are killed before the milk reaches an infant unlike milk purchased online.
Even before pasteurization the milk bank samples were less likely to contain several types of bacteria
and had lower bacterial growth in many instances. Shipping practices also played a role in the levels of bacteria in the milk purchased online.
The longer the shipping time the more contaminated the milk. Nineteen percent of sellers did not include dry ice
or another cooling method and the temperature of the milk was recommended outside of range for storage.
Researchers found particularly high levels of one or more types of bacteria in 17 percent of the samples.
Information provided by sellers in their classified ads online such as I eat an organic diet
or great quality had no direct implication on the safety of the breast milk. However sellers often did not include information about the use of hygienic milk handling
or storage practices screening for diseases transmissible by milk or limiting or abstaining from legal or illegal drugs.
Major milk-sharing websites post a lot of guidance about milk collection storage shipping and provider screening.
Based on our research it is not safe to buy breast milk online and the Food and Drug Administration recommends against sharing milk obtained in that way.
if the milk has been tampered with or contains harmful drugs or pharmaceuticals or if the information the provider supplied about their health was truthful.
if a particular infant would be sickened by consuming any given bottle of milk but the types of bacteria found in the online samples contained bacteria that could cause illnesses known to be linked to contaminated breast milk.
Milk banks are a safer alternative for breast milk for sick babies if the mother cannot provide milk
because donors receive proper instructions and the milk is pasteurized limiting the risk of bacterial illness said Dr. Keim.
Human breast milk can help strengthen the immune system and has been shown to protect against severe illnesses like necrotizing enterocolitis a potentially deadly condition affecting thousands of infants each year.
Dr. Keim said women who have extra milk should consider donating it to a milk bank where the milk can be handled properly
and they will ensure it goes to a baby who badly needs it rather than selling it.
Our research results may not apply to situations where milk is shared among friends or relatives or donated rather than sold--the potential risks of those situations are understood less well said Dr. Keim.
Moms pumping for their own child should sanitize the parts of the breast pump that come into contact with the milk use clean containers
and handling milk. Also keep milk cold and feed it to the baby soon. Our goal is to identify infant feeding practices that optimize child and maternal health.
and hear from a mom who safely used the milk bank: http://www. youtube. com/watch?
and breast milk-fed newborns greater increases in fecal bifidobacteria occurred in the B. infantis groups than in the B. lactis groups.
and dieldrin can be transferred through breast milk he said. We don't know enough about how these contaminants behave synergistically Carpenter said especially
placebo pill and milk powder; venlafaxine an antidepressant commonly prescribed to treat hot flashes in women and milk powder protein;
soy protein powder and placebo pill; or venlafaxine and milk powder. Hot flash symptom severity and frequency and quality of life were assessed by the researchers.
The researchers found that neither venlafaxine nor soy protein alone or in combination reduced hot flashes in men.
Zebus produce more meat and milk than Baoul but fall severely ill when infected with trypanosomes.
Crossing large breeds of cattle that produce a lot of meat and milk such as the Zebu with the smaller but immunologically stronger Baoul could be very beneficial for farming in Africa.
When ruminants such as cows goats and sheep are consuming the plants from a silvopastoral system researchers have seen an increase in growth and milk production.
Milk production in the tropical silvopastoral system mentioned above was 4. 13 kg per cow
As the numbers of animals per hectare was much greater production of good quality milk per hectare was four to five times greater on the silvopastoral system.
Increase of MRSA in pigs In 2012 709 pigs at abattoirs and 219 samples of tank milk from dairy cattle were examined also for MRSA.
MRSA found in tank milk from dairy cattle Last year was the first year that tank milk was examined for the presence of MRSA.
Raw milk and dairy products are considered not a source of MRSA as the raw milk is pasteurized and subjected to several other treatments.
In addition there were 580000 dairy cattle in Denmark producing 4928 million kg of milk. Meat was examined for MRSA in the period 2009-11
when they should still be on an exclusive breast milk diet say the researchers. They wanted to find out what sort of products are available in the UK for weaning infants from a predominantly milk based diet to a family food based diet
and to assess their nutritional value. The weaning process aims to introduce infants to a wider range of tastes textures
The products included ready-made soft wet foods powdered meals to be reconstituted with milk or water breakfast cereals and finger foods such as rusks.
Analysis of the 410 spoonable foods revealed that their energy content (282 kilojoules per 100 grams) was almost identical to that of breast milk (283kj/100g.
And their protein content was only 40%higher than formula milk. Products containing meat had the highest iron content
when they will replace the breast (or formula milk) which is all that babies under six months really need they explain.
While it is understandable that parents may choose to use these products early in the weaning process health professionals should be aware that such food will not add to the nutrient density of a milk diet they conclude.
and milk to beer and wine--will help California more accurately determine the number of allowances allocated to these manufacturing facilities.
#Digesting milk in Ethiopia: A case of multiple genetic adaptationsa genetic phenomenon that allows for the selection of multiple genetic mutations that all lead to a similar outcome--for instance the ability to digest milk--has been characterised for the first time in humans.
The phenomenon known as a'soft selective sweep'was described in the population of Ethiopia and reveals that individuals from the Eastern African population have adapted to be able to digest milk but via different mutations in their genetic material.
A team of geneticists from UCL University of Addis ababa and Roskilde University have shown that five different alleles are found in the Ethiopian population that cause adult lactase production one of which is confirmed newly.
Our genetic make-up determines our ability to digest milk into adulthood. Just over a third of the global population have inherited genes that allow us to make lactase the enzyme that digests milk as adults.
This study shows that several different genetic changes that allow our bodies to make lactase have emerged independently.
when we are babies to digest our mother's milk so in babies large amounts of lactase enzyme are expressed by our genes.
When we are older we no longer rely on our mother's milk for essential nutrients so in most humans manufacture of the lactase enzyme stops through de-activation of the corresponding gene.
Only in the last 5-10000 years have started humans drinking the milk of other animals following advances in our ability to herd animals.
In times of plenty being able to drink the milk of other animals would not have given a particular advantage to those with lactase persistence.
However in situations where food sources became scarce individuals capable of producing lactase as adults would be able to drink the milk of their animals increasing their chances of survival.
Individuals who can digest milk are more likely to increase their chance of survival under these conditions.
#Spread of farming and origin of lactase persistence in Neolithic Agescientists have brought to light the spread of dairy farming in Europe and the development of milk tolerance in adult humans.
The processing of milk to make cheese and yogurt contributed significantly to the development of dairy farming as this represented a way of reducing the lactose content of fresh milk to tolerable levels making a valuable foodstuff available to the human population.
Until 8000 years ago humans were only able to digest lactose a form of sugar present in fresh milk during childhood
because as adults they lost the ability to produce endogenous lactase the enzyme required to break down lactose.
and digest milk. This two-step milk revolution may have been a prime factor in allowing bands of farmers
and herders from the south to sweep through Europe and displace the hunter-gatherer cultures that had lived there for millennia specifies the article in Nature with reference to the Leche project.
and their mentors from different disciplines i e. anthropology archeology chemistry and genetics has been looking at the role played by milk cheese
and northern Europeans descend from just a small group of Neolithic farmers who happened to be able to digest fresh milk even after weaning explained Burger.
Among the most exciting results obtained by the Leche group were the detection of milk fat residues in numerous Neolithic pottery remains
but thinking about orange juice he says that may change the way you experience the milk.
whether the milk is spoiled or not. If you expect it to be orange juice and it tastes like orange juice it's fine.
But if you expected it to be milk you'd think something was wrong. Story Source:
Among these cattle farming for meat and milk are major sources of methane a gas with a potent warming effect.
Surprisingly gemsbok diet also consisted of up to 25%of Damara milk-bush (Euphorbia damarana) an endemic large succulent plant
The potential effects of the Damara milk-bush on gemsbok health are still unknown. However by extensively using this poisonous plant gemsbok succeed in surviving environmental challenges.
Data from 1714 sixth grade students enrolled in Project Healthy Schools showed girls who drank two servings of milk each day were less likely to be obese
Milk consumption seemed to protect girls from obesity but made no difference for boys. A possible explanation would be a reduction in sugary drinks
which girls replaced with milk. In the study 61 percent of obese boys and 63 percent of obese girls reported watching television for two or more hours a day.
and milk could feed an additional 815 million people. The researchers emphasized that they are not making diet prescriptions or recommendations just pointing out opportunities for gains in food production.
#A glass of milk after eating sugary cereals may prevent cavitieswashing down sugary breakfast cereal with milk after eating reduces plaque acid levels
The new study performed by Wu's former graduate student Shilpa Naval involved 20 adults eating 20 grams of dry Froot Loops cereal then drinking different beverages--whole milk 100
Pure water has a ph close to 7. Participants who drank milk after eating sugary cereal showed the highest ph rise from 5. 75 to 6. 48 at 30 minutes.
Our study results show that only milk was able to reduce acidity of dental plaque resulting from consuming sugary Froot Loops said Naval who is currently a fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.
We believe that milk helped mitigate the damaging effect of fermentable carbohydrate and overcome the previously lowered plaque ph. Milk with a ph ranging from 6. 4 to 6. 7 is considered to be a functional food that fights cavities
because it promotes tooth remineralization and inhibits the growth of plaque Wu said. Wu says most consumers think that
since milk is considered to be cavity-fighting acid production by plaque bacteria can be minimized by mixing it with cereal.
and milk became syrupy. Eating cereal combined with milk lowered plaque ph to levels similar to that obtained after rinsing with a 10 percent sugar solution.
Eating sugar-added cereal with milk followed by drinking fruit juice is thus a highly cavity-causing combination Wu said.
Diet plays an important role in oral health Wu said. Studies of food intake and cavities have focused mainly on the sugar or carbohydrate content.
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