A mountain pine beetle epidemic in the western United states has covered left mountainsides with dead pines especially lodgepole pine with most of the timber
on groundwater contamination. According to a study published in the August 2013 issue of Hortscience changes in growers'cultural practices
We were surprised so many samples had such high bacterial counts and even fecal contamination in the milk most likely from poor hand hygiene.
The PCBS dieldrin and DDE were the contaminants that we detected in highest concentration in terms of average concentrations Carpenter said.
and there are fish consumption advisories for this contaminant in many Illinois rivers. DDT was banned in the U s. in the early 1970s after decades of widespread use.
Concentrations of contaminants in river otters ranged widely. One male had a concentration of PCBS in its liver of 3450 parts per billion (ppb)
Since the otters were collected from counties all over Central Illinois the findings could indicate that some watersheds have a worse contamination problem than others Carpenter said.
For many of the contaminants we did detect a large range she said. This is a red flag.
Or the females might transfer some of the contaminants to their offspring during nursing as previous research suggests.
We don't know enough about how these contaminants behave synergistically Carpenter said especially since the cocktail of contaminants that we're exposed to here in the Midwest differs from
what humans and wildlife are exposed to in eastern or western North america. The research team also included Illinois pathobiology professor Kuldeep Singh Robert Bluett of the Illinois Department of Natural resources and Damian Satterthwaite-Phillips and Nelda Rivera both of the natural history survey.
and urbanization and agriculture now send runoff laden with fertilizers and other contaminants into Lake Okeechobee.
In areas of Se contamination honey bees may be at risk because of the biotransfer of the metal from Se-accumulating plants.
Se contamination is a global problem originating from naturally contaminated soils and a multitude of anthropogenic sources including mining
According to Hladun knowing which contaminants are the most important to regulate is key to minimizing the exposure of honey bee hives to contaminants.
and assess the environmental fate of emerging contaminant classes. There are a variety of bioactive pharmaceuticals
It just might be harder to characterize the adverse effects associated with contaminant exposures these days.
Additionally there is also contamination of soil and waterways by agricultural chemicals as well as carbon costs because of vehicles and artificial fertiliser necessary to maintain the pasture.
and now this demand is being linked to the contamination of Central america's crocodilians. New research published in Environmental Toxicology
In Costa rica which ranks second in the world for intensity of pesticide use the problem of contamination is compounded by environmental conditions and lax enforcement of regulations.
Frequent heavy rains can wash pesticides from plantation areas leading to contamination and the reapplication of sprays to the crops said Grant.
or washing application equipment in rivers also contributes to contamination downstream. The team collected blood samples from 14 adult caiman and analyzed them for traces of 70 types of pesticide.
and the occurrence of this MRSA type in tank milk may be attributable to contamination from pig production explains Yvonne Agersã¸Senior Researcher at National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark.
Several obstacles face planners and growers including soil contaminants water availability and changes in climate and atmospheric conditions.
Several contaminants can be found in urban soils and lead is the most prevalent. While there is concern about plants taking up lead from soils research suggests that they actually take up very little.
but those sources must be monitored for contaminants and perhaps treated. Changes in atmospheric and climate conditions in cities compared to rural areas can also be obstacles for urban growers.
which they attempted to reconstruct the entire epidemic. Reconstructions like this are common for livestock infections
This is the first rigorous statistical analysis carried out on a honeybee disease epidemic that we are aware of.
The model also simulated the impact of different control strategies on controlling the epidemic and found that the measures taken by authorities in Jersey at the time--to inspect
Using just two snapshots of data we have been able to reconstruct this epidemic and we are confident that our technique can be applied to a wide range of other outbreak scenarios.
This study provides a promising approach for detecting the contamination of silver nanoparticles in food crops
The findings highlight the potential for cows to serve as a reservoir for bacteria with the capacity for pandemic spread in humans.
and hopefully prevent the birth of the next pandemic S. aureus strain. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Society for Microbiology.
Our findings reinforce that the novel virus possesses the potential for pandemic spread. So does this imply that H7n9 has come one step closer towards adapting fully to humans ask James Rudge
while this study might not suggest that H7n9 is any closer to delivering the next pandemic it does provide a timely reminder of the need to remain extremely vigilant:
Writing in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry researchers demonstrate the contamination of Pacific Tree Fogs in remote mountain areas including national parks;
or social contagion suggest the authors. But they conclude: The finding that smokers smoking from a plain pack evidenced more frequent thought about
In the absence of contamination rice is stored an easily food that provides essential energy vitamins
His study revealed that tomato peels can effectively remove different contaminants in water including dissolved organic
Because the weedy forms are closely related to rice varieties that were grown never in the U s. they probably arrived as contaminants in grain stocks from Asia instead of evolving directly from the tropical japonica crops grown here.
however they also can cause cross-contamination if they come in contact with other foods through contaminated cutting boards sinks countertops or utensils.
Based on a growing body of evidence almost every European and North american public health authority agrees that routine antibiotic use in animal food production likely worsens the epidemic of resistance he writes.
The virus has several highly unusual traits that paint a disquieting picture of a pathogen that may yet lead to a pandemic according to lead scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious diseases.
and the implications of past outbreaks for predicting the future course of the current H7n9 epizootic an epidemic among animals are uncertain write the authors.
The possibility that H7n9 might infect pigs is particularly troubling as swine are considered a mixing vessel for viruses--a breeding ground for novel viral reassortants like the 2009 H1n1 pandemic influenza strain commonly known as swine flu.
Regardless of its future H7n9 certainly holds lessons for preventing human and animal pandemics. All the unknowns surrounding the virus make a strong case for enhancing basic and applied research into the evolution of influenza viruses and for better integration of influenza virology within human and veterinary public health efforts.
By taking the right measures this tobacco epidemic can be prevented entirely. THE WHO FCTC was developed in response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic.
Since THE WHO FCTC came into force in 2005 175 countries and the European union have become parties to it.
However the U s. EPA states that E coli are better indicators of fecal contamination and provide the most accurate assessment of water quality conditions and human health risks.
#Factors that influence spinach contamination pre-harvest determineda team of researchers from Texas and Colorado has identified a variety of factors that influence the likelihood of E coli contamination of spinach on farms prior
Microbial contamination of produce seems strongly influenced by the time since the last irrigation the workers'personal hygiene and the field's use prior to planting of produce says first author Sangshin Park of Texas A&m University college Station.
These factors together with the role of weather in produce contamination should be the targets of future research efforts to design cost-effective strategies for control of produce contamination.
E coli contamination of spinach on farms in Colorado and Texas was 172 times more likely
As E coli is used commonly as an indicator of fecal contamination with food-borne pathogens the practice of hygiene--availability of portable toilets
Of particular note the researchers tested their statistical model for spinach contamination to determine how accurately it was able to pinpoint the level of contamination.
Their methodology may serve as a useful template for future investigations of contamination on farms he says.
Because produce is consumed commonly raw it would be best to prevent pre-harvest contamination by food-borne pathogens all together
and other environmental contaminantsa study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health has for the first time found that a mother's higher exposure to some common environmental contaminants was associated with more frequent and vigorous fetal motor activity.
Most studies of environmental contaminants and child development wait until children are much older to evaluate effects of things the mother may have been exposed to during pregnancy;
This is yet more evidence for the need to protect the vulnerable developing brain from effects of environmental contaminants both before
*The World health organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control developed in response to the globalization of the tobacco epidemic.
and spark a pandemic so information about swine susceptibility to H7n9 could help scientists gauge the pandemic potential of the avian virus. Unlike the ferrets infected pigs in this small study did not transmit virus to uninfected pigs
and culling of poultry in affected areas should be taken during this initial stage of virus prevalence to prevent a possible pandemic.
#Potential flu pandemic lurks: Influenza viruses circulating in pigs, birds could pose risk to humansin the summer of 1968 a new strain of influenza appeared in Hong kong.
and have the potential to generate a pandemic if they leap to humans. The researchers led by Ram Sasisekharan the Alfred H. Caspary Professor of Biological Engineering at MIT also found that current flu vaccines might not offer protection against these strains.
From a pandemic-preparedness point of view we should potentially start including some of these H3 strains as part of influenza vaccines.
or birds have caused several notable flu pandemics. When one of these avian or swine viruses gains the ability to infect humans it can often evade the immune system which is primed to recognize only strains that commonly infect humans.
since the 1968 pandemic but they have evolved to a less dangerous form that produces a nasty seasonal flu.
In 2009 a strain of H1n1 emerged that was very similar to the virus that caused a 1918 pandemic that killed 50 million to 100 million people.
This value indicates the percentage of these genetic regions identical to those of the 1968 pandemic strain
since 2000 that could potentially cause a pandemic. Of these 549 came from birds and 32 from pigs.
The pandemic of CBSD now underway is particularly worrisome because agriculture experts have been looking to the otherwise resilient cassava plant
and the African continent witnessed several major CMD epidemics over the past decades the most recent and devastating
Great success was achieved in combating the CMD pandemic through developing and disseminating varieties that were resistant to CMD.
But by a cruel twist of nature both improved and local varieties all succumbed to the'new'pandemic of CBSD.
A lack of information about the virus and its mode of transmission has led to public concerns that H7n9 could be a pandemic waiting to happen.
However so far there is no evidence of the sustained human-to-human transmission required for a pandemic to occur.
In regions of the world where rice is the major component of the human diet the health of entire communities of people can be impacted negatively by arsenic contamination of rice.
or it may be a result of environmental contamination. Despite the health risks arsenic in rice poses to millions of people around the world there are currently no effective agricultural methods in use to reduce arsenic levels.
While contagion is extremely unlikely in industrialised countries the largest part of the world's population lives in areas where animal brucellosis
While contagion is extremely unlikely in industrialised countries the largest part of the world's population lives in areas where animal brucellosis
Although there is no evidence so far that this virus will result in a human pandemic this outbreak provides a reminder of the importance for all countries to ensure they have an appropriate stockpile of antiviral medication.
and should aim to reduce the risk of emergence of human pandemic agents. Dr. Pongpisut Jongudomsuk Director of the Health Systems Research Institute Thailand and Chair of the APEIR Steering committee said:
And the chronic form is a key factor in the epidemic of overweight and obesity that here in the United states threatens health problems for two out of every three people.
Biofilms are an increasing problem in food processing plants serving as a potential source of contamination said Monica Ponder an assistant professor of Food Science and Technology in the College of Agriculture and Life sciences.
and a growing recognition of the impacts of contaminants that cannot be removed easily by existing treatment processes.
or spoil 20 percent of the world's food supply due to contamination with their urine and feces.
And consumption of too much food and less nutritious foods underpins epidemics in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
and pick up the CTCS from the Nanovelcro Chip virtually eliminating any trace of any contamination from white blood cells
and lower pesticide contamination levels in organic food a recent publication reporting a large-scale analysis of all available studies concluded no clear trend was apparent.
#Predicting hotspots for future flu outbreaksthis year's unusually long and rocky flu season would be compared nothing to the pandemic that could occur
and generate a future pandemic said lead author Trevon Fuller a UCLA postdoctoral research fellow at the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability's Center for Tropical Research.
Previous pandemics such as the 1957 and 1968 influenzas that each killed more than a million people or the 2009 H1n1 swine flu outbreak that killed 280000 worldwide developed
and prevent the next pandemic he said. The researchers looked for locations where bird flu outbreaks human flu outbreaks
#New approaches for controlling pesticide exposure in childrennew research on household pesticide contamination emphasizes the need for less reliance on pesticides
The global poaching crisis for elephants is at epidemic proportions said WCS Executive vice president for Conservation and Science John Robinson.
While maize is grown in the area today they were able to rule out modern day contamination
Between 1984 and 1996 however Sweden was hit by an epidemic of celiac disease in children under 2 years of age.
Through further investigation of the epidemic researchers have shown now that celiac disease currently affects up to 3%of all young people.
which is part of the Preventcd European project ETICS is a screening study conducted in 2005-2011 among 12-year-olds born during the epidemic (1993) and after (1997).
In summary for a twelve year period starting in 1984 Sweden experienced a unique epidemic of celiac disease in the youngest children.
Between 1984 and 1996 however Sweden was hit by an epidemic of celiac disease in children under 2 years of age.
Through further investigation of the epidemic researchers have shown now that celiac disease currently affects up to 3%of all young people.
which is part of the Preventcd European project ETICS is a screening study conducted in 2005-2011 among 12-year-olds born during the epidemic (1993) and after (1997).
In summary for a twelve year period starting in 1984 Sweden experienced a unique epidemic of celiac disease in the youngest children.
Instead the scientists say they should be grown under clearly defined and enforced conditions to keep the food and animal feed chain'contamination free'.
The new study focused on two of the most widespread mycotoxin contaminants of grain crops--deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN.
Alvarez contended that confined animal feeding operations (CAFOS) are potential sources of environmental contamination by antibiotics
and so are likely to be sensitive to modern agrochemical contamination of the environment. They may play an important role in organic rice farming.
and bacterial contamination of these popular items made from the uncooked dried penis of a bull or steer.
All 26 treats were tested for bacterial contaminants. One (4 percent) of the sticks was contaminated with Clostridium difficile;
whether the calorie content and contamination rate found in this study is representative of all bully sticks or other types of pet treats according to the authors.
Food contamination during storage or preparation lack of appropriate kitchen facilities and undercooking can increase the risk of foodborne illnesses.
Between 1981 and 1991 the number of salmonella infections rose by 170%in the UK driven primarily by an epidemic of Salmonella enteritidis
as a result of the beetle epidemic said Lewis also a faculty member in CU-Boulder's ecology and evolutionary biology department.
and Gene Likens of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies in Millbrook N y. The severe pine beetle epidemic in Colorado
A November 2012 study by CU-Boulder doctoral student Teresa Chapman showed the 2001-02 drought greatly accelerated the development of the mountain pine beetle epidemic.
and reduce the dementia epidemic worldwide.''He added:''The increased risk of severe dementia syndromes in those exposed to passive smoking is increased similar to risk of coronary heart disease--suggesting that urgent preventive measures should be taken not just in China but many other countries.'
The ability to quickly filter out contaminants on-site would save a great deal of money he said. He sees even greater potential benefits for the mining industry.
and without the contamination issues than can produce the mineral fertilizers. Thus its application in agriculture horticulture forestry plants ornamental plants or any other plant with commercial interest would represent a significant environmental and economic saving.
Such opportunistic contamination is hard to guard against as most growing takes place in open outdoor spaces with little opportunity for control.
The hypothesis behind this research is that the best way to defend against pathogenic contamination is with a healthy microbiome colonized by bacteria provide protection from invasive pathogens.
and more needs to be done to continue to have a positive impact on the epidemic.
Cases of groundwater contamination have been debated hotly but the new study finds that the overwhelming evidence suggests it has happened albeit not commonly.
Is the methane contamination observed in drinking water a precursor to other toxins--arsenic various salts radioactive radium
Back in the 1960s in the middle of the cardiovascular disease epidemic people got the idea that saturated fats were bad
and black-footed albatross are facing increasing levels of oil contamination plastic pollution and greatly reduced amounts of prey fish due to commercial fishing operations.
and Drug Administration may help to reduce antibiotic contaminants in food which will help reduce antibiotic resistance
We were did sure that not contain contaminants or infectious organisms and we performed an analysis
With the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes it's critical to invest in effective diabetes prevention
These bacteria lead to many cases of foodborne illness and we need a better understanding of food handling practices to find the risky behaviors that may lead to contamination.
The research found mixed results on this with most of the consumers in Argentina and Colombia storing meat on higher shelves putting them at a higher risk for contamination.
Uncontrolled Varroa infestation can thereby cause an accelerating virus epidemic and so kill a bee colony within two to three years.
Our data has become the most sensitive barometer of change during this poaching epidemic. We needed to quantify the scale of killing
The study part of multi-million-dollar Operation Idiopathic Decline and funded by the private Rolling Plains Quail Research Foundation is titled Evidence of an Oxispirura petrowi Epizootic in Northern bobwhites
and Osaka universities who have come up with a simple way to spot contaminants. Because it's so easy to accidently introduce impurities into graphene labs led by physicists Junichiro Kono of Rice
not only help reign in the current epidemic in West Africa but could be expanded easily and used if another filovirus strain started to spread.
Vaccines are the best way to completely eradicate an epidemic threat like Ebola says Matthias Schnell Ph d. Director of the Jefferson Vaccine Center and Professor of Microbiology and Immunology at Thomas Jefferson University.
Such legacy contaminants are banned now widely under the Stockholm Convention he said. But some have been replaced by CUPS
Contaminants Research Division. They examined the vegetation-caribou-wolf food chain in the area where the presence of other organic contaminants such as legacy pesticides
and fluorinated surfactants suggested that CUPS might be found in the vegetation and animals. Caribou are among the most important subsistence animals for people living in the North
Morris said these CUPS represent only a small percentage of contaminants in Arctic regions or in the environment globally.
However their unique set of properties does help us more clearly see how different contaminants behave in the environment
and in food chains compared to legacy contaminants. Morris has widened his research to include marine food chains
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus both of which were detected in China in the same time frame prior to the U s. Both porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
and now widely banned pesticides and other toxic chemicals--called legacy contaminants--can become magnified in an animal that eats contaminated food.
Since these pesticides replaced some legacy contaminants that do biomagnify in similar food chains this is good news for the wildlife
. But this is still only a small part of a much larger picture regarding replacement contaminants and how they're behaving compared with their legacy counterparts.
and 44 percent of cat owners believe that made in the U s. is a very important package claim as fear of contamination
In a surprising finding the team concluded that conventional crops had roughly twice as much cadmium a toxic heavy metal contaminant as organic crops.
and it was believed at the time that the fungal contaminant Murcor circinelloides was only a potential danger to immunocompromised individuals.
This portends a potential epidemic of a lethal habit growing among upper and middle class adolescents said Dr. Weitzman.
and why the epidemic has grown over the past 15 years. Using Animal health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency
and the local environment that are driving the front of the epidemic. Imperfect cattle skin tests contribute to the spread by delaying the time until infected herds are detected for the first time
and caught early then it might be possible to make substantial progress in tackling the epidemic.
The control measures the researchers investigated were designed to be idealized'control options to understand what measures in theory could stop the increasing epidemic.
Contamination can occur during the planting growing harvesting washing storage and/or transportation of produce.
This strategy may also be effective for some contaminants in water and food. This study points to a frugal simple and safe means that can be taken by individuals to possibly reduce some of the long-term health risks associated with air pollution notes Thomas Kensler Phd professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School
That false sense of health as well as a failure to understand the information presented in nutrition facts panels on packaged food may be contributing to the obesity epidemic in the United states said Temple Northup an assistant professor at the Jack J. Valenti School
However the study published in the on-line journal Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology also determined that lower oxygen levels in the water known as hypoxia
#Rising tobacco epidemic in Asia linked to elevated risk of deatha new study estimates that tobacco smoking has been linked to approximately 2 million deaths among adult men
Tobacco smoking has reached now epidemic proportions in Asia and it is likely with the maturation of this epidemic
and the lack of effective tobacco control efforts smokers will continue to face an increased risk of death from cancer and other diseases.
University of Illinois kinesiology and community health professor Ruopeng An (pictured) and his colleague Roland Sturm of the RAND Corporation say long-term trends can help better understand the obesity epidemic in the U s. Photo by L
A common misbelief is that the obesity epidemic reflects increasing social disparities and that the largest weight gains are concentrated in groups identifiable by race ethnicity income education
So a reversal of the obesity epidemic would need universal intuitions rather than a focus on certain groups.
So we are kind of in a dilemma trying to figure out what really contributes to the obesity epidemic.
One idea about the current obesity epidemic is that appetite suppression systems that evolved to work with a paleo diet are off-kilter today.
Because the tobacco epidemic among women has varied globally researchers led by Lindsey Torre documented and compared contemporary trends in lung cancer mortality to identify opportunities for intervention.
The greatest opportunity we have right now for slowing a tobacco-fueled epidemic is in those countries where smoking among women is rare such as Africa and most of Asia.
and ripen certain raw milk cheeses also appeared to be protected by a complex microbial biofilm limiting contamination by redoubtable pathogens such as Salmonella Listeria monocytogenes Escherichia coli o157/H7 and Staphylococcus aureus.
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