Infections

Abscess (5)
Communicable diseases (635)
Gangrene (1)
Infection (855)
Sepsis (18)

Synopsis: 5. medicine & health: 1. diseases: Diseases: Infections:

perhaps the risk of infection from faecal matter is the lesser of two concerns. Laboratory animals, pets,

prevent infection and help the healing process. Von Esmarch may be credited widely with coming up with the concept of"first aid Â,

Last time I looked at the effect of a global pandemic, this time I'm looking at how we might change the agricultural landscape by hacking plants.

What if a pandemic strikes? Over the past century, humans have been transforming the planet so profoundly that we are pushing it into a new geological era, the Anthropocene (the Age of man.

what if our species were hit by a global pandemic? In the Anthropocene we are encroaching on wild lands,

Epidemics are certainly not new or unpredictable. A new strain of influenza virus occurs every 1-2 years, for example.

But the sudden global explosion of an epidemic that infects a large number of the population oe a pandemic oe is harder to predict.

We know a pandemic has occurred every 10-50 years for the past few centuries, and the last one was in 1968,

whether there will be a new pandemic, but of when it will occur. Pandemics, which kill a significant proportion of the population have acute and lasting effects on society.

The Black death, a bubonic plague during the Middle ages caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, killed 30%-60%of Europeans (80%of people in the south of France and Spain) and reduced global population from 450 million to around 350 million.

The impacts of this pandemic should have been especially severe because unusually, more than half of those who died were young working-age adults,

The HIV/Aids epidemic, which also disproportionately effects young, working age men and women, can give some idea of economic impact oe in hard-hit sub-Saharan African countries the economies were estimated to be on average 22%smaller in 2010

So what would be the result of a global pandemic in the 21st Century? The world's population in the middle Ages was just a few hundred million;

But what if the pandemic was really severe oe killing 80%-90%of our species?

Wouldn't it be great to achieve some of these desirable planetary outcomes without the horrific suffering of a global pandemic?

herbicides and other harmful chemical contaminants. At that point, vertical farming in tall buildings will replace less productive single-story greenhouses as the source of all city-grown produce.

Is China's flu pandemic the next big one? China's flu pandemic: The big one?

Laurie Garrett Foreign policy 24 april 2013 Ten years after Sars, a new virus strikes China, perhaps more deadly,

People who survived infection have passed on immune advantages to future generations. In the modern, developed and sterile West, the theory goes,

and to chronicle the experience in his book, An Epidemic of Absence. Once infected, he suffered diarrhoea and a dull, constant gut pain,

 Researchers across the board are keen to discourage self-infection, which they say puts patients at risk of taking the wrong dose or purchasing contaminated batches.

but do not risk a chronic infection potentially spiralling out of control, or of accidentally infecting family members."

but also had significantly different gut microbes post-infection. He is currently enrolling ulcerative colitis patients to repeat the experiment in humans.

saying it not only helps cure painful bladder infections, including cystitis, but also helps prevent future outbreaks as well.

Given that bladder infections are one of the most common bacterial infections we face, some women keep a carton of cranberry juice in the fridge at all times, just in case.

A systematic review of studies published last year found that products containing cranberries reduced the risk of infection,

particularly in those who repeatedly had infections and those who drank the juice at least twice a day.

So far, so good oe we have a biological explanation for why cranberry juice might prevent infections,

Drinking cranberries made no difference to the recurrence of infections. The earlier review had excluded this study

Cranberry juice might prevent infections, but if it does the effect seems to be minor at best

To reduce your risk of future infections by a small amount you would need to drink cranberry juice twice a day indefinitely.

But it's estimated that a woman unlucky enough to have two infections a year might be able to reduce that to one a year,

and for people who get a lot of infections this might be worth it. The alternative is tablets,

whether their infection would have got better on its own, or when and if they would have the next bout of cystitis.

With the risk of increased antibiotic resistance, an alternative treatment for such everyday infections would be welcome.

and much of the world seems to be in the grip of a shopping epidemic.

Planets, pandemics and powerthe vanishing groves Ross Andersen Aeon 16 october 2012 A superb essay on the world's oldest trees, the bristlecone pines of California,

Where will the next pandemic come from? And how can we stop it? David Quammen Popsci 15 october 2012 The best guess:

sufficiently virulent and transmissible to cause a pandemic capable of killing tens of millions of people?

The prospect of a new viral pandemic, for these sober professionals, looms large. They say it might happen anytime.

because the keratin oe a kind of biological plastic that encases the hair shaft-Â protects the DNA that it contains from the contamination

environmentalists and demographers predicting humanity's collapse through famine, wars and epidemics, if we don't check our population.

However, Noah died two days later of an infection unrelated to the cloning process. And like the guar, other attempts to clone endangered species through somatic cell nuclear transfer tended to be one-offs.

Should growing operations have guidelines to limit contamination, such as mildew and mold? oegiven the lack of USDA or other oversight of this agricultural industry, were at square one,

Dementia Epidemic South korea is at the forefront of a worldwide eruption of dementia from about 30 million estimated cases now to an estimated 100 million in 2050.

The city of Alphen aan den Rijn ordered the study five years ago after officials found unexplained abnormalities on trees that couldnt be ascribed to a virus or bacterial infection.

and fend off microbial infection and disease. Beutler and Ronald have played key roles in this chapter of scientific discovery.

and respond to infection. The 1980s brought about an intense hunt for the genes that control production of the receptor proteins, followed by an oeavalanche of newly discovered receptor genes and mechanisms in the 1990s.

Eating almonds can help the body to fight off viral infections such as the common cold and flu, according to new research.

A new study has revealed that naturally occurring chemicals found in the skin of the nut boost the immune systems response to such infections.

They tested the immune response to infection by the Herpes simplex virus 2, which can cause cold sores and is a notoriously difficult virus to treat due to its ability to evade the immune system by dampening down the bodys inflammatory response.

if almond skins have this antiviral activity. oethe herpes simplex virus is a very good model of viral infection

An 11-year study of a population of wild sheep located on a remote island off the coast of Scotland that gauged the animals susceptibility to infection may give new insight into why some people get sicker than others when exposed to the same illness.

natural molecules produced by the sheeps immune systems to fend off infections such as influenza or those caused by parasitic worms.

The tendency to form either strong or weak responses to infection ran in families in the sheep

If differing responses to infection still result in equal long-term reproductive success, she said, this means oeselection seems actually to be maintaining this genetic variation in immunity.

when exposed to the same infection. oewe have suspected long that strong immune responses should prolong life in the face of infections,

and even in their predisposition to infection or autoimmunity. The technique used to study immunology in the wild was vital to the importance of the study, according to Lynn Martin, an assistant professor in the department of integrative biology at the University of South Florida. oefor so long,

and vegetables separate to avoid cross-contamination, wash all produce thoroughly and wash platters and other surfaces that come into contact with raw meat and poultry.

and resolved in particular concerning biological contamination and weed resistance development. Agriculture Law reports that the district court agreed with the plaintiffs that the environmental assessment undertaken by the USDA was inadequate

The hearing also gave Justice Antonin Scalia an opportunity to share his decidedly unscientific assessment of the situation by stating oethis isnt the contamination of the New york city water supply, No, no its not.

But it has been overwhelmed in trying to prevent food contamination and fraud has remained on a back burner.

Limiting phytate production in the soybean could reduce a major environmental runoff contaminant from swine and poultry waste.

This toxin can be deadly on its own or lower a turkey s resistance to other infections and cause death that way.

Worldwide new TB infections occur at a rate of one per second. Right now it s diagnosed medically by expensive tests

#Fukushima grows sunflowers to clean up radiation contamination A geiger counter is placed in front of sunflowers in full bloom in Fukushima.

they confided to Abe their worries about radioactive contamination of the soil in their gardens.

The detrimental impact that GMO cultivation has on our environment is widespread including creating dead zones where biodiversity is abolished all but and the contamination of heirloom and organic seeds with GMO varieties.

or got into milk through cattle feed or contamination on the farm. The Spanish-Moroccan team analysed 20 samples of cows milk bought in Spain and Morocco,

We believe the new methodology will help to provide a more effective way of determining the presence of these kinds of contaminants in milk or other products.

the epidemic of tobacco-related disease and death has begun just, THE WHO said. But by 2030, the annual death toll could reach 8 million.

THE WHO said smoking is one of the biggest contributors to a worldwide epidemic of noncommunicable,

Citing an epidemic of childhood obesity, regulators are taking aim at a range of tactics used to market foods high in sugar,

because the risk of gene contamination in Oregons Willamette Valley was so great. According to Grist, Judge White warned that environmental impact statements on crops were being conducted too fast,

#Stink Bug Epidemic Spreads to 33 U s. States Stink bugs Stink bugs, the smelly scourge of the Mid-atlantic, are hitchhiking

Some of the fungi species create thin infection pegs#that stick out from a victims body

During later stages of Ophiocordyceps camponoti-rufipedis infection, the fungus rapidly consumes the nutrients inside a zombie ant

The mature fungus stalk, shown growing from a zombie ants head during the final stage of infection,

Shiva belongs to a colony of monkeys who have been fattened up to help scientists study the twin human epidemics of obesity and diabetes.

demand for the overweight primates is growing as part of the battle against the nations obesity epidemic, according to Dr. Grove and other researchers working with such monkeys in Florida,

It is recommended by doctors as a chemical-free method to kill bacteria in shoes, reducing shoe odor and risk of infection from athletes foot.

but to get in there and fight for safeguards against contamination and restitution for farmers whose fields are contaminated.

and wildlife. 2. Contamination of Non-GE Crops Alfalfa plants are pollinated by bees, most of which can travel

and no insurance policy against damages these farmers suffer as a result of GE alfalfa contamination. According to the Center for Food safety

a study of the past 200 GE contamination cases has found that farmers have suffered hundreds of millions of dollars in lost sales.

The dairy rule in question would require dairy owners install synthetic barriers to stop groundwater contamination from cow waste.

British scientists have developed genetically modified (GM) chickens that cannot transmit bird flu infections#a step that in future could reduce the risk of avian flu spreading

and causing deadly epidemics in humans. Scientists from Cambridge and Edinburgh universities said that while the transgenic chickens still got sick

and producing a pandemic in which millions of people could die. ECONOMIC AND FOOD SECURITY THREAT In Southeast asia, China and parts of Africa, bird flu is already a major economic and food security issue,

but they did not transmit the infection on to other chickens kept in the same pen with them

and health (quite ignoring the fact that we are all eating bugs already in foods meeting prescribed contamination limits).

fostering an obesity epidemic. Read on to see how one program is working to change Chicagos landscapes

These are ALSO the same foods that have created the obesity epidemic in this country. 2. Top foods keeping your ass wide.

or prevent infections from spreading in the crowded conditions in which most animal production takes place today.

Mr. Ruth and Mr. Sechler warned that using oregano oil to control bacterial infection also requires maintaining high standards of sanitation in barns where animals are sheltered,

it was mostly positive social contagions that were in circulation. Ask the very old on Ikaria how they managed to live past 90,

cold beer. 2. Pasteurization/sterilization Useful for the prevention of bacterial contamination in food, particularly milk. 3. Canning Developed in the early 19th century,

when it detects bacteria associated with plaque buildup, cavities or infection. It could also notify your dentist,

and found that the extract significantly reduced the rate of infection. And apparently bees can sometimes distinguish harmful fungi from harmless ones

If there was a water contamination issue in Nunda, we could still operate here. We could truck in our own water here, potentially.

but are supplied by honey farms in New york. If the bee population decreases due to pollution and contaminants,

This study provides the first documented evidence that a vertebrate has adapted to the negative effects of roads apparently by evolving rapidly Salamanders breeding in roadside ponds are exposed to a host of contaminants from road runoff.

These animals are growing up in harsh environments where they face a cocktail of contaminants,

and still debated, is sugar s role in the obesity and chronic disease pandemic. From an evolutionary perceptive, sugar in the form of fruit was available only a few months of the year, at harvest time,

This double infection suggests that the flies might even be spreading these additional hive-weakening factors.

With the national obesity and diabetes epidemics of the 2010s a distant memory, fastfood chains are a thing of the past.

Additionally Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus, or PED, is taking down piglets in 15 states. And as of now, there s no vaccine in the US just yet.

suggesting that it could have been the result of a contamination, Witwer says.##oewe know that pollen has mirnas in it,

maybe we have more pollen contamination, even in our best labs, than at other times.#

if you have a bacterial or viral infection. It can vary from clear to yellow to green with a variety of illnesses.

and fruits grown without pesticides, herbicides and other harmful chemical contaminants. At that point, vertical farming in tall buildings will replace less productive single-story greenhouses as the source of all city-grown produce.

which may help reduce environmental contamination. And to cap it all the risk that insects may transmit zoonotic infections may well be less significant than the very real risk posed by cattle, pig and poultry, from

which deadly influenza strains have emerged. Importantly, consumption of insects can bring along direct and relatively rapid societal benefits.

Antibiotics are used extensively in neonatal intensive care units and in childhood respiratory tract infections, and such suppression of the normal microbiota may have longterm consequences on brain development.

The findings made it clear that microbial infections and environmental differences were conferring an advantage,

which infections conferred the greatest advantage. So what does all this mean? Should we ditch spring cleaning

Horvath recognized that this knowledge could be used to create bacteria that were more resistant to infection,

This obviously unsustainable course is causing the contamination of our fresh water supply. UN-Water, a non-governmental organization (NGO), controlled by UNESCO,

The most abundant species was Ochrobactrum anthropian opportunistic bacterium that s been linked to a growing number of infections in hospital patients.

The extent of the obesity epidemic worldwide has been thrown into stark reality as a report from the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) puts the number of overweight and obese adults in developing countries at more than 900 million.

UTIS are the second most common types of bodily infections according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

#4 Immune Boosting Tips for Back-to-School Season Strep throat double ear infections and yet another nasty stomach bug.

including environmental stressors bacterial infections and viruses — work together to build up and steadily threaten a population before rearing back smacking down and taking an actual toll in

and potentially stressed the shrimp making them more susceptible to dying from the infection.</</p><p>Starfish wasting syndrome is understood a poorly disease that starts out as a small lesion on the animal's body

if a bacterial infection virus or some combination of infections are to blame and are currently working to figure this out.</

The infection forms a ringlike pattern on skin that sort of looks like a worm burrow. These common household pets (in the United states)

For example poop transplants can be an effective means of treating intractable gut infections by reestablishing a healthy bacterial equilibrium.

or in their bodies posing a risk of a serious infection. But they're not the only ones at risk.

Two million Americans are sickened by antibiotic-resistant bacteria every year and 23000 die from these infections according to a landmark U s. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report published last week.

For decades scientists have been teasing out the link between the abuse of antibiotics on livestock farms and the rise of superbug infections in humans.

which reduces their resistance to bark beetle infestations much the way that starvation reduces the resistance of people to infections.

Other sources of contamination could include not washing hands before obtaining and storing milk or bacteria from other foods in the freezer where milk is stored she said.

and contamination with disease-causing bacteria could be dangerous to infants especially those who were born premature

or a dirty bomb their bone marrow stops producing enough cells to fight infection or produce blood clotting.

Heavy radiation also strips the gastrointestinal tract making people prone to inflammation and infection. At high enough doses both ailments can be lethal.

However the actual virus was not found in the animals. oethese new results suggest that dromedary camels may be one reservoir of the virus that is causing MERS infection in humans the study researchers from National Institute for Public health

and only a single one is needed to cause an infection according to past research. Other animals like sheep and cattle can also acquire the parasite by ingesting the infected cat feces.

In countries like France or Ethiopia where raw food is common the incidence of infections is much higher Torrey told Livescience.

Similarly children could acquire the infection from playing in sandboxes and gardeners could acquire it from vegetable patches

Genetic predisposition or age at the time of infection could play a role Torrey said.

It s also important for those with celiac disease to avoid cross-contamination in their own kitchens or at restaurants.

Some fruits may even burst making them prone to infection. Â On the other hand too little water early in a season slows photosynthesis the process by

Despite the contamination of the site and the inherent risks in operating a reactor with serious design flaws the Chernobyl nuclear plant continued operation for many years until its last reactor was shut down in December of 2000.

and xylitol-sweetened gum may reduce ear infections in children. And because it may evoke thoughts of food

Many of the river's contaminants like cadmium and zinc are known to cause cancer. All the fish died even chickens

Binge drinking and alcohol-related hospitalizations have reached now epidemic proportions the Guardian reports and the Chinese who once enjoyed a relatively healthy diet

(and preventing) oak infections as the pathogen will infect oaks only if they are within a couple of hundred meters of infected trees.

born HIV-positive in 2010 now shows no signs of HIV infection.</</p><p>Though medical experts caution that this single case does not represent a cure for all cases of HIV infection the child s aggressive antiretroviral treatment may become a new standard of care for children born to HIV

-positive mothers.</</p><p>Full Story:<<a href=http://www. livescience. com/27604-baby-hiv-cured. html target=blank>Baby with HIV Is cured Doctors Say</a p><p></p><p>One of the most ferocious

 Most research on the cranberry's effect on infections focuses primarily on its ability to prevent bacteria from attaching to a host cell.

If the bacteria can't stick to bladder cells they can't cause infections. But in recent years researchers at Mcgill University in Montreal have uncovered a new weapon that cranberries have against bacteria.

Motility is actually a really important factor in infection said Nathalie Tufenkji a chemical engineer at Mcgill University.

Proteus is this really aggressive swarmer commented Tufenkji which makes it particularly virulent in the urinary tract especially in catheterized patients who already have a high risk of infection.

When antibiotics are used to treat infections most bacteria are killed but in the process any survivors can become resistant to the antibiotic used against them.

which cranberry compounds interact with bacteria that affects their potential to cause infection said Camesano.

and ruled out several possible causes for the elk deaths including poachers anthrax lightning strikes epizootic hemorrhagic disease (an often-fatal virus known to affect deer and other ruminants) botulism poisonous plants

These medications however are recommended not for diarrhea caused by bacterial infection or parasites according to the NIH since organisms will be trapped in the intestines

and a more extensive study is needed to investigate the widespread contamination rate in bully sticks.

This isn't the first time a pet treat has been linked with contamination. Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported in 2010 in the journal Pediatrics that an outbreak of salmonella in 79 people between 2006 and 2008 was caused by contaminated dry pet food.

and prevent infection. And this list runs the gamut with the usual suspects primates chewing on medicinal herbs as well as some more surprising drug-takers such as fruit flies ants

Drunk fruit flies Medication can be taken either in response to an active infection or to prevent future parasitic attacks of an animal

The 10 Most Diabolical and Disgusting Parasites Whereas the alcohol can have negative effects on the developing flies it also makes infection less likely.

Ants have also been found to medicate their colonies against infection bringing back chemicals with antifungal properties.

and bring it back to their hives to help them fight infection. Beekeepers have selected against this trait

this has made likely bees more prone to infection de Roode said. These medicines could also possibly be used to fight infection in humans or other animals.

One chemical in bee resin has been shown to have inhibitory effects against HIV-1 de Roode said.

One task she's been devoted particularly to is finding ways to keep her creations clean of debris and contaminants.

They then subjected the replicas to experiments designed to determine how efficiently they moved through air (drag) how well they got rid of contaminants (self-cleaning) how tightly contaminants stuck to the surface (adhesion)

and other microbes in medical tubing could greatly reduce a patient's risk of infection.

The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus or PEDV was assumed long to be spread only by direct contact

Attempts to create nonhuman animal models of C. cayetanensis infection have been unsuccessful suggesting host-specificity.

but contamination of water and food (such as raw produce) with oocyst-containing fecal matter likely contributes to the dissemination.

Risks of infection increases via the common factors consumption of untreated food or water lack of adequate sanitation and the presence of animals in the house.

An infection often causes gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea abdominal cramping loss of appetite and bloating.

while some may be relieved temporarily only to recur The good news is that the infection is not generally life-threatening

Currently the drug of choice for Cyclospora infection is Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. According to the CDC proper storage washing

Scientists are grappling with understanding the calorie imbalances causing the obesity epidemic which is fueled partly by eating too many sweets.

The central habitat of the grizzlies is among the hardest-hit in the beetle epidemic he said.

The only way we have of reducing human infection and the opportunities of the virus to adapt to humans is to reduce the exposure of people to infected birds.

< Back - Next >

Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011