and hearsay surrounding the ancient Battle of Raphia the only known battle between Asian and African elephants.
The Battle took place in 217 B c. between Ptolemy IV the King of Egypt and Antiochus III the Great the King of the Seleucid kingdom that reached from modern-day Turkey to Pakistan.
In the Battle of Raphia Ptolemy had 73 African war elephants and Antiochus had 102 Asian war elephants according to Polybius a Greek historian who described the battle at least 70 years later.
A few of Ptolemy's elephants ventured too close with those of the enemy and now the men in the towers on the back of these beasts made a gallant fight of it striking with their pikes at close quarters
and wounding each other while the elephants themselves fought still better putting forth their whole strength
Ptolemy's elephants however declined the combat as is the habit of African elephants; for unable to stand the smell
Did Ptolemy employ African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) or African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) in the Battle or Raphia?
and preservation to minimize the possibility of human conflict. That's really the issue--not having a place to go.
More than ever before, we know how to reduce some riskin 1971 President Nixon funded research to wage a war on cancer a long battle that we're still fighting today.
Later Burkholderia species were identified as the causative agent of the disease melioidosis a public health threat especially in tropical countries like Thailand and in parts of Australia.
and Surveillance Modeling Network found that while some 17.6 million Americans have died since 1964 due to smoking-related causes 8 million lives have been saved
If global tobacco control is to benefit from concerted policy action population-level surveillance of tobacco use
The authors state Such an increase likely poses an increased threat to sagebrush steppe species subject to raven depredation including sage-grouse for
and Eastern Africa's most important parks--those harboring 26000 elephants and facing the greatest threat--from Nouabalã-Ndoki in Congo to Ruaha in Tanzania and Niassa in Mozambique.
and resist the forces that seek to divide you for their own--usually political--purposes.
AECOM â¢s Urban Food Jungle is conceptual design that responds to the threat of diminishing food security by bringing together sustainable food production, entertainment, education and culinary delight.
Boisvert's article is not so much an assault on grow your own as it is on the inefficiencies of growing
which is the threat of very public exposure, Â Economy said. Å Given his beginnings as a journalist, he fully understands the power of the media
Likening the chaotic landscape of the rapidly shifting technology industry to the cultural tumult following the Great depression and two World wars
Part of the appeal of that style-whether in architecture or design-was provided that it a sense of order after the death, turmoil and destruction of two world wars,
while other regions will have the plan for the threat of fires during dry seasons. Nonetheless, while it's an aspect of sustainable cities that's easy to overlook,
A coating that can kill MRSA upon contact The fight for life against superbugs Scientists can shut down a superbug's CPU
Big companies can actually be a force for good in every society in which we operate.
We need to start the fight against the scourge of noncommunicable diseases right now, the princess said.
The battle over tanking ethanol subsidiesthe new year may see the end to some ethanol subsidies.
But not all things bipartisan take course without a fight. Not surprisingly Midwestern senators on both sides of the aisle are clinging to the subsidies that keep federal money flowing to their constituents.
an advocacy group, leaving solar wind and the rest to fight over the remaining third. Corn ethanol cost taxpayers $17 billion from 2005 to 2009, his group estimates.
it replaced a building that had been destroyed by a terrorist bombing. Yet the inspiration for the tower unique, missile-like design was not militaristic:
Pizza could help fight cancer. Yes, if the chef makes the sauce from the latest in tomato technology-genetically engineered purple tomatoes-a 16-inch pie could have the same health benefits as other foods such as blueberries and cranberries.
Anthocyanin has been shown to help fight cancer in animals. The BBC quoted John Innes'Prof Cathie Martin:
Can you summarize the dispute between the Justice department and the major publishers and Apple? MS: There are two things at issue.
and that their attack was the collusion not the model. And they, the three companies that settled, specifically said,
we don t need really to fight with two governments at the same time and we already have enough fighting going on with Britain.
SP: What about the two that continue to fight the Justice department claim? MS: The two that are fighting it, Mcmillan and Penguin,
their executives have made very clear statements, 'we did not collude, we re not going to settle this
FDA tackles antibiotics in livestock Agriculture's future power struggle: Land grabbing, resource control and competition Bioengineering e coli to turn seaweed into fuel Fatty foods cause brain scarring, study shows
While overextended major population centers struggle to maintain order and keep the food and fuel flowing as they descend into the zombie apocalypse,
The sheep that texted wolfsheepdogs have warned always herders of wolf attacks. But now the alert system just got a technological boost.
Jean-Marc Landry and colleagues from the research group Kora developed the system as a way to better control the increasing number of wolf attacks on sheep in Switzerland and France.
As the dogs poised to attack, the sheep s heart rate shot from a resting 60 to 80 beats per minute to 225,
it forces us to be our best, he says. When I asked Ronald Krupitzer, vice president, automotive market, of Steel Market Development Institute,
you can bet some of the forces controlling them won't be the designers or owners. As these connected devices age
According to Glaberson and Foderaro, The struggle will only get more challenging: New york city is more than halfway to its goal of planting a million more trees.
The fight to save biodiversity began in 1992 with the UN Convention on Biodiversity which currently has 193 parties.
It needs at least 50 ratifications to come into force. New delhi is getting ready to ratify it before the conference in Hyderabad concludes on October 19.
a drug that could fight fatigue and protect the liver. Palpu Pushpangadan, head of TBGRI, who had met the tribe in 1987
According to a new UN report, cities around the world are not doing enough in the fight against climate change.
poses a significant threat to the honey bees and their pollination services. Å Australia is the last country to not have been invaded by this disease
it will be a stronger more evolved strain posing a significant threat to honey bees and our pollination services,
Using underground air raid shelters from WORLD WAR II, Richard Ballard and Steven Dring hope to transform the space into a unique 2. 5 acre farm that would provide fresh produce to London restaurants and grocery stores.
640 crop threats and 560 wild crop relatives in Russia and neighboring countries. The maps,
their proven durability demonstrates that the structures can better withstand being bombarded by flash floods and other destructive forces.
And it is considered by scientists to be as great a threat as climate change. As the coordinator of the UK partner response to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity 2010 International Year of Biodiversity
and the work of the CBC to mitigate threats to biodiversity. How do you make people think about their impact to an ecosystem?
I usually use the lens of threats to biodiversity. Over the last century humans have come to dominate the planet.
or aggravate, armed conflict, cause mass involuntary migrations. And this can result in negative effects in communities and age groups least able to adapt.
and had died from blunt force  trauma to the head. Right, so back to the autopsy.
because city officials continue to struggle to find how to best use the city's many vacant properties as its population has shrunk over decades.
Big farms or small, the struggle to feed 10 billion peoplean article in Foreign policy this week asks a daring but realistic question:
The premise of Bpeace is that more jobs means less violence. Explain that. The organization started in 2002, the year after 9/11,
You have mentors in the U s. who work with entrepreneurs in countries where there has been a good deal of conflict.
We only work in post-conflict countries or what we though was Špost  at the time.
We looked at a lot of countries where jobs could have an effect on the recurrence of violence.
and employment wont help violence there. We also looked at countries that would want us.
where idleness contributes to violence. In El salvador, most of the violence is gang violence. Working people dont belong to gangs.
How is funded Bpeace? For our Afghan work, the U s. Department of state partially funds it. We receive grants from foundations,
Our tagline is, Å More jobs means less violence. Â The women in Afghanistan would never say that means fewer suicide bombings or Taliban incidents.
They say less violence in the home. They think if there is less violence in the home,
there will be less in the streets. We know anecdotally when a women brings income into the home
and the financial stress on the household goes up, the violence decreases. So were making a leap of faith there.
Theres a Clint eastwood movie, A Fistful of Dollars, and his character lives by the creed,
I agree with that message--pro-active measures to fight climate change should be prioritized --but that doesn't remove the fact that these droughts are happening
Theres this strange conflict that emerges. Im asked about biodegradation which we want in some cases (we want the water bottle to biodegrade),
Changing elephant poo to green paperjaipur/DELHI--The elephant ride up the stone pathway of the medieval Amber fort outside Jaipur is designed to make tourists feel like Rajput warriors returning from battle-or something on those fantastical lines.
The battle to feed all humanity is said over, Chu quoting author Paul Ehrlich. A subsequent major development was the development of disease-resistant strains of wheat that could handle artificial fertilizer and produce higher yields.
It may not be quite as visible or an assault on our senses as horse manure but it's just as significant.
We must put cities on the front line of the struggle to adapt. Â Is this the smarter way to reverse human impact on the atmosphere?
and can better fend off the environmental assaults that inflict $700 to $800 million in damages to farmers'crops each year.
It feels like a losing battle. But a pilot project made possible by a collaboration between TNC,
A threat to corporate innovationas Apple moves forward without Steve jobs one of the bigger challenges it will face is how to manage the creative process.
and help identify potential targets for fighting back. Related on Smartplanet: Thinking Tech: Potato blight and flu have much in common
It is working with the Green Production Guide to source onset products and services that have the least impact possible.
because it's likely to be protracted a dispute. But did you know that the U s. Chamber of commerce has filed actually a lawsuit with the U s. Court of appeals in the District of columbia that challenges the U s. Environment Protection Agency's decision not to reconsider its position on greenhouse gas emissions?
Although, pollination fees that beekeepers charge almond producers have doubled more than in recent years--a portion of this increase is attributed to the onset of CCD.
Food fight: White Castle vs biofuelstaking a bite out of biofuels. White Castle and other chains say that corn-based biofuels are driving up food prices.
--U s. chain restaurants and a group of congressmen are launching an assault against biofuels on the grounds that fuel produced from crops like corn are pushing up food prices.
White Castle and its fellow meat marketers are hoping to take a bite out of the renewable fuel forces that they say are pushing up prices.
Even though the FDA concluded three years ago that the fish posed no threat in the wild or to humans,
Lisa Murkowski, a Republican senator from Alaska, has lead the fight saying that approving the fish is messing with Mother Nature in a very serious and big way.
there's a secondary battle looming: how to label it. Aquabounty says it simply should be called Atlantic salmon,
The amendment now faces an uncertain battle on the senate floor in the coming weeks.
Et tu Brute, renewable energy? Biofuels fly mainstream: Lufthansa passenger flights taking off Airbus and Europe map jet biofuel goal Will the real biofuel Lindbergh please stand up
Fruit-bat colony forces architects to change building designa v-shaped walkway was designed around the trees housing rare bats HONG KONG
little did they know the force of nature they were up against. A group of endangered fruit bats had taken up residency in the trees where the designers wanted to build a covered bridge to connect two of the buildings.
the Guerrilla Grafters develop partnerships in each neighborhood they graft in so there's someone local to monitor progress.
A fungus called Phytophthora austrocedrae is so much on the rampage that according to The Telegraph it could wipe out the already shrinking population of the U k.'s native juniper trees.
Google unveils deforestation monitor to combat climate changethe  philanthropic arm of Google, Google. org, introduced on Thursday a deforestation monitor that could be a useful tool to combat climate change.
Using a new platform, its high-performance satellite imagery-processing engine, the company can crunch the massive amounts of data stored on Google's servers to instantly produce,
So part of our struggle is to get ourselves off fuel, and that s part of the $11 million bond:
How wireless networks could keep cows from burping methanehere s a novel way to combat global warming:
and let the tiny ants rush to the attack, climbing onto my skin and pricking me with their minuscule pincers.
The threat of snow was blamed by show organizers for wilting the crowds on the last few days.
Earlier this month, the government used its emergency powers to force through the Food security Ordinance,
and toppling like bowling pins with too much force. Competing products are shuffled into the nearby virtual shelves,
Guilds, or groups of species, have evolved to share a resource without conflict. For example, bees, birds and some bats might all visit the same flower for nectar,
this doesn't have to become a conflict. It's a challenge for food science to mass produce healthier meals in ways that can be loaded on trucks
Then, they need to replicate the wear that comes with people sitting down with different amounts of force over a long period of time and the effects of exposure to light over several hundred years.
The authenticators are also harnessing high-tech tools in their fight against fakes. Â Some use radiocarbon, thermoluminescence and other techniques to accurately date the antiques.
But these parents are worried about the threat pollution poses to their quality of life. We have a lot of nice things in Huilongguan, Â Meng Yu,
or whether they might be from an area of conflict in the Ivory coast. Even though the bar codes on shipments may be correct,
The force has asked Apple to fix the issue, but in the meantime, perhaps rival firm Google's mapping service or a traditional A to Z would be a better option.
app FTC creates guidelines for facial recognition technology use The spy-free app you can use to stop surveillance
Lush Walls Rise to Fight a Blanket of Pollution New york times Photo:
Potato blight and flu have much in commonin 1846 the first of my ancestors arrived in America.
the occasional building on fire and riot police come to mind. In Brussels, there is a new weapon of choice--milk.
How the FBI can read your emails Will coffee soon be a thing of the past
It addresses land use conflicts, between residential and industrial, in one part of the neighborhood. In many cases, the residences not well-kept and are blighting influences.
I was writing about the Israeli-Palestinian  conflict for so long. At the zoo I was going into a different war.
In your blog you mentioned that there is little reliable data in the field of nutrition science where you found that poor stats conflict with other studies.
and the tech that might save humanshumans are considered now to be the greatest force impacting the geology of Earth.
the mad-science arm of the U s. defense department? DB: They are not as crazy as DARPA.
There's certainly a lot of conflict. We're showing what is possible now. We want to get the community involved to continue making refinements and improvements of the tree,
Handling conflict in the tree of life is something that not only are we facing now,
they may conflict. We want to show that, but it's unclear what's the best way to do that.
Businesses join the fight Behind the scenes, businesses are playing a growing role in the healthy school food movement,
especially since the new standards, said Lawrence Soler, president and chief executive of the Partnership for a Healthier America, a nonprofit working with the private sector in the childhood obesity fight.
â Â Matts said. â Å It been institutionalized for so many years. â Â Obstacles outside school walls might pose the biggest threat to the school food movement.
Scheidel of Iowa said the childhood obesity fight needs to move into homes and communities. â Å When
although the U s. Space Surveillance Network is supposed to be watching for debris. A second generation ICESAT won't be launched before 2015.
â Å Both the World health organization and the United nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation agree that the biggest threat to health post Fukushima is the fear of radiation, not the radiation itself.
or community land that is under threat,"said Michael Taylor from the International Land Coalition.""If it is grazing land or land that local people use,
It is on this land that we see the gravest of threats, "he said. The database now uses a wide number of data sources to help increase both accuracy and transparency.
Robotics engineers are buzzing about a machine with potentially transformative implications for agriculture, surveillance, and mapping:
That battle was declared officially a tie. Still, scientists in both groups say that cocoa farmers,
rising farm costs and more pollution of land and water. oeit is the single largest threat to production agriculture that we have seen ever,
The first resistant species to pose a serious threat to agriculture was spotted in a Delaware soybean field in 2000.
4-D, a component of Agent orange, the defoliant used in the Vietnam war. Still, scientists and farmers say that glyphosate is a once-in-a-century discovery,
and Mr. Perry said the pest could pose as big a threat to cotton farming in the South as the beetle that devastated the industry in the early 20th century.
Beddington has increased called for production to counter a"perfect storm"of food shortages that could become a global threat by 2030.
and notified the Federal bureau of investigation (FBI), which brought in the Department of Homeland Security and charged him with bioterrorism.
The motives of the FBI which has experts capable of examining Mr Kurtz's art scientifically,
But the FBI may genuinely be wary of biohackers; rumour suggests it has followed up the case by discreetly instructing reagent suppliers not to sell to individuals,
"It's been a real struggle in the past few years with the decline in bees generally.
Thus, according to Medawar hypothesis, aging is caused indirectly by the declining forces of natural selection to select the best fitness genes for the aged animal as reproductive capacity declines.
In summary, we age because of the declining force of natural selection in adult life, which leads to unfit gene expression with age.
like gas-powered engines, the trick is to produce force on turbines, but to do so without creating emissions.
says Okamura. oeyou can have force-sensors and other ways of examining force, and then you re acquiring data at the same time that you re doing the procedure,
so you can be getting even more information that can be used for diagnosis or in scheduling postop appointments.
Egg farmers worried they would lose those battles, says Gene Gregory, president of United Egg Producers (UEP),
and see if we can t resolve this conflict,""Gregory says.""And surprisingly, we were able to do this.
The U n. Convention to Combat Desertification has submitted a proposal for the United nations to adopt a Sustainable Development Goal of zero net land degradation by 2030
Meanwhile, on a more practical tack, food scientists in the wake of the food shortages after the Second world war often speculated on the possibility of manufacturing meat
Computer vision software can analyze facial expressions for signs of severe pain, the onset of delirium or other hints of distress,
the threat of catastrophic disease outbreaks in monocultures, an insatiable demand for nitrogen fertilizer, pesticide-resistant bugs and herbicide-resistant superweeds,
The office building of the futuresocial forces and advances in communications technology are driving changes in how and where people work.
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