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One investigation, known as the Whitehall study2, found that low-ranking British civil servants suffer higher rates of illness and death than their superiors.
who led the Whitehall study.""Clearly, changing ranks leads to changes in gene expression and not the other way around, he says.
The macaque study suggests potential mechanisms for the Whitehall study's findings, Marmot adds. The link between genes and social status may be more difficult to tease out in humans than in monkeys,
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