Livestock plagues are spreading: Nature Newslivestock plagues are on the rise globally, owing to increasingly intensive farming practices and the world's growing taste for meat and other animal products.
The warning comes from scientists at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), based in Nairobi, Kenya,
Nature Newsone of the earliest human ancestors, Australopithecus afarensis, the most famous skeleton of which is commonly known as'Lucy,
Nature Newspolicy Research Business People Trend watch Coming up Policy US budget cuts? The Republican-controlled US House of representatives released a budget on 3 february that could mean cuts in federal science funding for the remainder of the 2011 fiscal year (March September.
See go. nature. com/mdzxmq for more. Stem-cell tangle The legal uncertainty over the status of research using human embryonic stem (ES) cells in the United states is harming work on stem cells in general,
See go. nature. com/189ljt for more. Scientific integrity The US Department of the interior laid out a new policy on scientific integrity on 1 february,
See go. nature. com/jdziwy for more. Europe united Heads of the European union member states have set themselves a deadline of 2014 for completing the European Research Area:
See go. nature. com/ffgeg7 for more. Retractions rise A case of scientific misconduct at the Research center Borstel in Germany is assuming alarming proportions.
See go. nature. com/kmyalr for more. Year of forests The United nations (UN) launched its International Year of Forests in New york on 2 february.
) See go. nature. com/1naxqr for more. Business Obesity drug upset US regulators have rejected another obesity drug,
See go. nature. com/jf2zct for more. ALS prize American neurologist Seward Rutkove has won a US$1-million prize for creating a noninvasive tool that tracks the progress of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS.
the Deep Impact mission targeted Tempel 1 five years ago. go. nature. com/1ho7bt 14 february US President Barack Obama submits his 2012 budget request. 17 21 february The American
Nature Newsfor conservationists, the promise seems almost too good to be true and some worry that it is.
Unveiled in May 2010 (see Nature 465,279; 2010), it would be the single biggest forest-protection deal ever,
Nature Newsscientists have come up with new evidence in support of the controversial idea that humanity's influence on climate began not during the industrial revolution,
Ruddiman also took issue with a high-profile Nature study3 published in 2009 by a team at the University of Bern,
In an e-mail to Nature, Stocker said that Ruddiman's latest paper merely reiterates in extenso all of the points made earlier.
Wolff points out that a modelling study6 that appeared in Nature in February this year,
Nature Newsmassive Amazonian characid fish may carry seeds more than five kilometres across forest flood plains,
Nature Newsto ecologists overseas, the invitation might sound tempting. It offers travel to Australia and unspecified remuneration to serve on an advisory panel considering a juicy scientific question:
Nature Newsclimate change is affecting the world in many ways. But attempts to directly link local changes in species distribution and biodiversity to climate warming hold little promise, ecologists warn in Nature Climate Change1.
First author Camille Parmesan, a population biologist at the University of Texas in Austin, explains why.
Nature Newsmodern botanic gardens are much more than just attractive strolling grounds. Many have labs in
Hulme first looked at the 34 plants on an International Union for Conservation of Nature list of 100 of the worst invasive species. For 19 of the 34,
Nature Newsan international treaty aimed at protecting and improving access to the world's plant genetic resources has obtained more than US$10 million from donors to fund its second round of research grants for helping
Nature Newsup to 6%of carbon-rich peat-swamp forests had been cleared in Peninsular Malaysia and on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra to make way for oil-palm plantations by the early 2000s,
Nature News2011's biggest problem will be food, John Beddington, the UK government's chief scientific adviser, told a meeting in London on 28 february.
Nature Newspolicy Research People Trend watch Coming up Policy Irish election Scientists in the Republic of ireland hope that support for science will continue after the Fine Gael party came to power in elections held on 25 february
See go. nature. com/ftx2hu for more. Forest mission India will spend 460 billion rupees (US$10 billion) over a decade planting new forests
See go. nature. com/ghqimz for more. India's budget Indian scientists were disappointed by increases in funding for research agencies in the country's 2011 12 budget,
chairman of the prime minister's scientific advisory council, told Nature. These lollipops will not do. Research Shuttle swansong NASA's space shuttle Discovery launched for its 39th and final flight on 24 february, taking six astronauts as well as supplies and additional science capabilities to the International Space station on an 11
The commission met in part to discuss last year's revelations that US government researchers secretly gave syphilis to hundreds of Guatemalan prison inmates in the 1940s (see Nature 467,645;
See go. nature. com/4wm8te for more. People German plagiarism Germany's defence minister, Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg (pictured), has resigned after a row over plagiarism in his Phd thesis. The University of Bayreuth withdrew Guttenberg's doctoral thesis
and cancer. go. nature. com/5lwqim 7 11 march Preliminary analysis of dust picked up from a distant asteroid last year by the Hayabusa spacecraft will be among highlights of the 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science
near Houston, Texas. go. nature. com/eugq9g 9 13 march The 10th International Conference on Alzheimer's
and focus on new possibilities for treating the conditions. go. nature. com/jcgygu Â
Seven days: 15 21 april 2011: Nature Newspolicy Events People Research Funding Trend watch Coming up Policy Wolf delisted The grey wolf will be removed from the US government's endangered species list in some northwestern states
as a result of a policy initiative tagged on to the US federal budget bill, which was approved last week.
See go. nature. com/xc5cnm for more. European networks The European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) said on 14 april that it is considering eight areas 墉 including biotechnology, smart cities and ageing 墉 in which to fund new
See go. nature. com/tiilci for more. Virus sharing In the event of a future flu pandemic,
Lipscomb (pictured) helped to elucidate the nature of bonding between molecular clusters of boron and hydrogen atoms 墉 called boranes 墉 which did not obey principles known at the time.
See go. nature. com/l9923y for more. Funding Golden rice funds The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is giving US$18. 6 million to research on transgenic, nutritionally fortified rice and cassava.
See go. nature. com/uuyc6o for more. Chernobyl shelter An international fund-raising effort to help decommission the Chernobyl nuclear power station in Ukraine seemed on 19 april to have fallen short of its goal.
See go. nature. com/xmmfhk for more. Trend watch Patent filings received by the European Patent office in 2010 topped 235,000, an all-time high.
Austria. go. nature. com/xnyc4t 26 april The 25th anniversary of the nuclear disaster at Chernobyl in
Nature Newsthe sight of a feather in a peacock's tail, Charles darwin wrote in 1860,
Nature Newsnearly US$20 million in new grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will be spent on getting nutritionally enhanced rice and cassava to market and decreasing malnourishment in Asia and Africa.
Nature Newsmangrove forests in tropical regions of the Indian and Pacific oceans store more carbon than previously recognized,
according to a study published today in Nature Geoscience1. The findings indicate that much of the carbon in such forests is found in the surrounding soil,
Nature Newstackling pollution in rural areas, especially pollution from agricultural sources, will be a top priority for China in the coming years, Li Ganjie,
Nature Newsa scheme to pay people in developing countries to curb carbon emissions from deforestation is plagued by'leakage'trees that aren't cut down in one forest are just cut down in another to provide people with the resources they would have foregone.
which is published today in Nature Climate Change1. Fisher's team performed an in depth analysis of the area around the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania-a biodiversity'hot spot'-to find out how the United nations'enhanced Reducing Emissions from Deforestation
Nature Newsradiation released by the tsunami-struck Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant could have long-lasting consequences for the natural environment in the vicinity of the damaged Plant scientists estimate that in the first 30 days after the accident on 11 march, trees,
Nature Newspolicy Business Events Research People Trend watch Coming up Policy Smallpox stocks The World health organization (WHO) has failed to decide
See go. nature. com/7gmgck for more. Three Gorges Dam In an unusually frank assessment of problems caused by the controversial Three Gorges Dam in central China
See go. nature. com/auffmx for more. Carbon targets On 17 may Britain extended existing pledges to limit greenhouse-gas emissions beyond 2020.
Naoto Kan, then health minister and now prime minister of Japan, admitted partial government responsibility in the scandal (see Nature 379,663;
See go. nature. com/apeqr5 for more. Genome grants The US National institutes of health's ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) programme
See go. nature. com/9cmhbv for more. Royal Society intake Among 44 fellows elected to the Royal Society in London on 20 may were Nobel-prizewinning graphene researcher Kostya Novoselov of the University of Manchester;
See go. nature. com/bmauut for more. Trend watch The price of uranium oxide 墉 the raw material for uranium fuel 墉 climbed steadily last year after an earlier price collapse.
Coming up 25 27 may A host of eminent researchers speak at a free-to-attend conference on'Transforming the future of energy'hosted by the US Department of energy in WASHINGTON DC. go. nature. com/zjrmew 29 may 2 june A world congress
devoted to understanding the biological pathology behind psychiatric disorders is held in Prague. go. nature. com/uxjkz1 Â
Nature Newsfor Scott Cornman, the honeybee genome is prized a resource, yet he spends much of his time removing it.
soon after the honeybee genome was sequenced (Honeybee Genome Sequencing Consortium Nature 443,931-949; 2006), and for many it was a chance to marvel at a field transformed.
In cases in which nature cannot do the job some researchers are now exploring more direct ways of boosting bees'resilience.
Nature Newspolicy Events Business Research People Trend watch Coming up Policy Nuclear shutdown Obeying a 6 may request from Prime minister Naoto Kan,
See go. nature. com/iepb8n for more. Clinic shut down One of the world's most notorious stem-cell therapy centres had to cease operations last week
See go. nature. com/uku3t5 for more. Australian budget The feared Aus$400-million (US$430-million) cuts in government funding for medical research have not appeared in Australia's 10 may federal budget,
But as Nature went to press, it seemed that the four-year budget 墉
See go. nature. com/9bqrb2 for more details. Renewables report The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has released its first major report since 2007.
See go. nature. com/s547fr for more. Tevatron shutdown The Tevatron proton antiproton collider at Fermilab near Batavia
See go. nature. com/xwkhck for more. Business Stem-cell trials California's state stem-cell agency can for the first time say that it is funding a clinical trial.
See go. nature. com/2omjfp for more. Research Cholera in Haiti The cholera epidemic currently raging through Haiti was introduced inadvertently to the country through faecal contamination of river water,
See go. nature. com/ax7qth for more. Trend watch A pivotal paper by chemist John Fenn saw huge numbers of citations almost immediately after its 1989 publication,
See go. nature. com/gphgcp for more. Coming up 14 18 may The science and politics of protecting marine life is the focus of the 2nd International Marine Conservation Congress in Victoria,
Canada. go. nature. com/ukzje9 16 24 may The 64th World Health Assembly, meeting in Geneva,
whether to destroy smallpox stocks. go. nature. com/th3feu 16 19 may Eighteen Nobel laureates are participating in a symposium on global sustainability in Stockholm. go. nature. com/f7mow7 Â
Nature Newsthe European union (EU) and Liberia have signed a trade deal aimed at ending illegal exports of timber from the African country.
Nature Newsfarmers have produced less food during the past three decades than they would have done were climate change not happening, according to a study published today1.
Nature Newsa remarkable experimental study has yielded new information on the transmission of one of the world's most damaging animal diseases.
Nature Newsnuclear accidents can have devastating consequences for the people and animals living in the vicinity of the damaged power plants,
Nature Newsa nascent revolution in US agricultural science lost its leader last week. Roger Beachy, director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) in WASHINGTON DC, resigned his post,
Nature Newsdiplomats and analysts aren't the only ones preoccupied by the armed clashes and demonstrations in Yemen. Scientists and agricultural officials have been keeping watch on the turbulent nation as well,
Nature Newspolicy Funding Events Research Trend watch Coming up Policy Pathogen dangers A US panel has named the most dangerous pathogens with potential for misuse.
and migration organizations (see Nature 461,697; 2009). ) The Times newspaper reported on 17 june that the project had been abandoned;
See go. nature. com/egbwop for more. Horizon 2020 Europe's research-funding system after 2013 will be called'Horizon 2020 墉 the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation'
See go. nature. com/r4yblx for more. Events Primate peril Employees at a major US primate-research centre
See go. nature. com/xow5dw for more. Iran in orbit again Iran has placed its second satellite into orbit, according to state media.
See go. nature. com/ty8t3i for more. Smashing data The Large Hadron Collider has passed a key data milestone as it increases its rate of particle-smashing.
See go. nature. com/ouxsup for more. UK health research The UK government has promised that medical research will receive greater attention in its revised proposals for reforming the country's public health service,
See go. nature. com/x4qsbb for more. Trend watch The solar-energy industry's drive to cut costs got a sharp boost in June,
Coming up 25 墉 oe30 June The complexity of RNA biology features in the Federation of European Biochemical Societies congress in Turin. go. nature. com/kvlglw 25 june
¢â oe2 July An annual United nations Food and agriculture organization meeting in Rome debates rising global food prices. go. nature. com/l3naqa Â
Nature Newsforests are vital to the livelihoods of millions of people in developing countries, providing on average more than one-fifth of their annual income,
Nature Newswomen, beansprouts, cucumbers, bacteria, cows: the cast of the current European Escherichia coli outbreak is already a crowd.
Nature Newsless than 10%of permanent tropical forests are under a sustainable management plan, according to a study by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) an intergovernmental organization based in Yokohama, Japan,
Nature Newsrainforest nations failed to agree on formal commitments last week during the United nations-backed Summit of the Three Rainforest Basins in Brazzaville, Republic of congo.
Nature Newsthe bacterium responsible for the current outbreak of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infections in Germany is a strain that has never before been isolated in humans.
Nature Newsmany UK ecosystem services, including fish catches and soil quality, are declining or have already become degraded as a result of over exploitation, poor management and habitat change,
he told Nature. As drivers of change in ecosystem services, climate change and invasive species will become more and more important over the next 50 years,
Nature Newsfor tropical ecologist Greg Asner, it's all about seeing the forest through its trees.
Nature Newsclimate change could increase the number of large wildfires in Yellowstone national park, Wyoming, and the surrounding region in the coming decades.
Nature Newswhen the US Department of agriculture (USDA) announced this month that it did not have the authority to oversee a new variety of genetically modified (GM) Kentucky bluegrass,
These are based not on a plant's GM nature but on the techniques used for its genetic modification.
Nature 459,437-441; 2009). ) Bayer is interested in harnessing other enzymes called'meganucleases'to do the same type of targeted engineering,
Nature Newsafter the Fukushima nuclear disaster spewed radiation across northern Japan in March, some feared that farming there would be shut down for years.
Nature Newskenya is expected to become the fourth African country to allow the commercial production of transgenic crops.
she said to Nature. Kenya has the strongest economy in east Africa and will set an example to other countries in the continent,
Nature Newsa global effort has cracked finally the complex genome of the potato, which is published today in Nature1.
Nature Newskey weapons in the fight against malaria, pyrethroid insecticides, are losing their edge. Over the past decade, billions of dollars have been spent on distributing long-lasting pyrethroid-treated bed nets and on indoor spraying.
Nature Newsa tough-minded law has boosted Brazil's environmental record in recent years by helping to drive the rate of destruction in the Amazon rainforest to historic lows.
Nature Newsa global agricultural monitoring network moved a step closer to reality this week with a meeting between a small group of academics and potential patrons at Columbia University in New york city.
Nature Newsserious viruses carried by bats pose a considerable risk to people in West Africa,
Nature Newsa desert may need no defining, but desertification is not so easy to pin down.
Safriel supports the secretariat's push for greater involvement of developed nations by highlighting the global nature of the problem.
Nature Newsthe perennial grass Miscanthus giganteus has all the makings of a biofuel superstar. It grows rapidly,
and won't be extended (see Nature 464,154; 2010). ) Many Arabidopsis researchers are now hoping to apply what they have learned from the weed to agriculturally important species with genomes once considered too big to tackle.
Nature News A 580-million-year-old fossil is casting doubt on the established tree of animal life.
Nature Newsmany yoghurts are loaded with live bacteria, and labelled with claims that consuming these microorganisms can be good for your health.
We don't know the nature of the conversation that's occurring.
Antibody offers hope for multiple sclerosis treatment: Nature Newsthe first drug to show signs of not just halting multiple sclerosis (MS),
but actually reversing the nerve damage caused by the condition, has taken a significant step towards clinical approval.
Nature Newsgiant pandas don't digest bamboo by themselves. Microorganisms in their guts may help the endangered animals to subsist on plants
Nature Newsa DNA analysis of ancient storage jars suggests that Greek sailors traded a wide range of foods not just wine,
Nature Newspaired with rice or steeped in feijoada stew, beans are an essential feature of Brazilian cuisine.
See go. nature. com/fg1cx3 and page 6 for more. Montreal impasse Although 108 countries now support a movement to amend the Montreal Protocol to regulate hydrofluorocarbons (HFCS) as greenhouse gases,
and more cheaply using the Montreal ozone treaty (see Nature 479,5-6; 2011). ) Degraded lands A rapid expansion of agricultural production over the past 50 years has left 25%of the planet's land resources'highly degraded',according to a United nations assessment of resources for food and agriculture.
See go. nature. com/lxap2g for more. BUSINESSVIOXX fines Drug-maker Merck will pay US$950 million to settle investigations into how it marketed the painkiller Vioxx,
See go. nature. com/52ixtw for more. RESEARCHGOOGLE ends RE<C Google has axed an initiative that aimed to make renewable energy cheaper than coal by improving solar thermal power systems.
California, launched the RE<C initiative with great fanfare in 2007 (see Nature 450,768-769;
Provisional findings were reported in July (see Nature 475,150-151; 2011). ) As Nature went to press,
the study was due to be published in Alternatives to Animal Experimentation. Anti-HIV gel fails An antiretroviral gel that seemed able to prevent sexual transmission of HIV to uninfected women has failed in a follow-up study.
%Trials of tenofovir tablets in the VOICE study have failed also (see Nature 478,10-11; 2011).
See go. nature. com/zqtiz6 for more. TREND WATCH A European fund aims to raise  4. 5 billion (US$6. 0 billion) for clean-energy projects in 2012 by selling 300 million allowances to emit carbon dioxide on Europe
such credits would have raised only  2. 3 billion as Nature went to press. Analysts forecast that prices will fall further,
See go. nature. com/4xewpb for more. COMING UP4-8 december The triennial World Petroleum Congress the'Olympics of the oil and gas industry'meets in Qatar.
California. go. nature. com/zf3qkl
The problems with emissions tradingm. RALSTON/AFP/Gettyalberta's oil-sands companies are required to reduce the intensity of their greenhouse-gas emissions under the province's emissions trading scheme.
One author of the report, Tekalign Mamo, Ethiopia's minister of state for agriculture and rural development, told Nature that policy-makers at Durban should take examples of good agricultural practice
Nature explores the thinking behind the legislation. Cigarette packets will be almost identical. The only variation will be the vivid image a sickly child on a respirator,
Nature Newsresearch Events Business People Policy Trend Watch Coming up Number crunch Research Fracking tremors A British energy company says that its hydraulic fracturing('fracking')project probably caused the cluster of small earthquakes
See go. nature. com/p5fj1q for more. Events Heavenly kiss China's unmanned Shenzhou 8 spacecraft docked with its Tiangong 1 module on 2 november,
true danger or the pressure and motivation of a real journey to Mars. See go. nature. com/1zquiu for more.
See go. nature. com/ohn6zt for more. How icebergs begin A seasonal ice-survey flight has spotted the birth signs of a large iceberg in West Antarctica:
See go. nature. com/ifphvp for more. People SLAC head leaves Persis Drell is stepping down as the director of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park
See go. nature. com/ayesl2 for more. Carbon tax Australia will introduce a tax on carbon dioxide emissions from 1 july 2012,
Nature Newswoolly mammoths, woolly rhinos and other large animals driven to extinction since the last ice age each succumbed to a different lethal mix of circumstances.
such as that in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province, China, have confirmed already that plantations can be a haven for biodiversity."
See go. nature. com/cdoruh for more. Forest suspense Final voting on a law that would relax forest protection rules in the Brazilian Amazon was delayed last week until March 2012,
See go. nature. com/bdfot2 for more. Chimp research Most biomedical research on chimpanzees is"unnecessary,
Nature reported the first news of the appointment in November. Starting on 4 january 2012, he replaces Ed Weiler,
See go. nature. com/6pg9vv for more. Australian reshuffle Australian Prime minister Julia Gillard took the nation's science leaders by surprise last week
See go. nature. com/6jaak5 for more. CORNELL UNIV. Cornell wins New york science campuslook out Boston and San francisco. New york city has signed off on a US$2-billion science
See go. nature. com/733z3e for more. From air to orbit Rockets bound for orbit could one day be fired not from launch pads,
See go. nature. com/ead2ql for more. F. KRAUSTINIEST frogs This tiny adult female frog (Paedophryne dekot) is the world's smallest tetrapod, according to Fred Kraus at the Bishop Museum in Honolulu
researchers reported on 20 december at a press conference and in Nature (F. Fressin et al. Nature http:/
/dx. doi. org/10.1038/nature10780; 2011). ) Although scientists were delighted with this feat of detection, both planets orbit far too close to their parent star to be habitable.
See go. nature. com/i372nd for more. Variome project A project to log all the genetic variations that cause disease in humans took a step forward last week with the launch of its Chinese arm at a meeting in Beijing.
See go. nature. com/intbvt for more. Preventing HIV Pharmaceutical firm Gilead Sciences wants to sell anti-HIV drugs to healthy people,
Such'pre-exposure prophylaxis'(Prep) has been supported by clinical trials (see Nature 476 260-261; 2011).
from where they will start to map lunar gravity in March 2012. go. nature. com/msewftregulation of aviation's greenhouse-gas emissions is set to start in the European union.
Nature Med. 12,342-347; 2006). ) But in the latest trial, four out of six patients were still making the protein up to 18 months after one treatment,
See go. nature. com/hwxlbd for more. NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell/ASUEVENTS Fresh clue to ancient Mars water NASA's Opportunity rover has discovered veins of hydrothermally deposited minerals at the edge of Endeavour crater on Mars. The bright
See go. nature. com/nmsldl for more. People US integrity head After a 22-month search
Awards Mentor awards The annual Nature Awards for Mentoring in Science (go. nature. com/qithms),
See go. nature. com/rutitm for more. Stem-cell appeal A lawsuit seeking to halt US federal funding for research on human embryonic stem cells is not quite dead
although it was thrown out in July by a District of columbia judge (see Nature 476,14-15; 2011). ) On 7 december, the Court of appeals for the District of columbia circuit (one level below the Supreme court) set a date of 23 april 2012 to hear an appeal from the plaintiffs in the case, James Sherley, of the Boston Biomedical Research Institute in Massachusetts,
See go. nature. com/w3343o for more. Fisheries push The United nations has stepped up a push to encourage sustainable fisheries.
The change called for in a Nature Editorial in September (see Nature 477 509-510; 2011) came as part of a new policy on responsible conduct of research,
See go. nature. com/aj2zq6 for more. NOAA integrity It was more than 2 years in the making,
See go. nature. com/ihfjbv for more. Source: NHGRITREND watch The US National Human genome Research Institute (NHGRI) announced a four-year plan on 6 december that focuses heavily on the use of genome sequences in the clinic.
See go. nature. com/jhjz2l for more details of the NHGRI programme. Coming up 16 december The Japanese government is expected to announce that the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant has reached cold shutdown a declaration that the stricken reactors have reached stable
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