and habitat impacts of various energy mixes from nuclear power to biofuels resulting from an array of policy options.
A nuclear reactor in Petten, The netherlands, that supplies radioactive isotopes for use in medical imaging reopened last week after a month's scheduled maintenance partly alleviating a global shortage of the isotopes (see Nature 460,312-313;
) Merkel is expected also to review the country's plans to phase out its nuclear power stations over the next decade.
Germany's new coalition government will extend the lifespan of the nation's nuclear power plants which last year produced around 23%of the country's electricity needs beyond 2022.
including incentives for natural gas and nuclear power, but leaves many of the biggest issues including how to structure the initial allocation of emissions permits,
Under the changes, bodies such as the National Research Council, the National Institute of Nuclear physics and the space agency, will be able to write their own statutes and regulations.
More than 70%of the university's staff and 90%of the staff at the nearby but undamaged underground national particle physics laboratory at Gran Sasso were left homeless.
The Gran Sasso National Laboratory is also organizing a joint graduate school in particle physics with the science faculty.
The explosion generated several Suns'worth of radioactive nickel-56 and vast quantities of other lighter elements, such as carbon and silicon.
Gal-Yam says that it is the radioactive decay of the nickel that kept the explosion glowing for months.
The US Department of energy on 16 february issued an US$8. 3-billion loan guarantee for a pair of nuclear power plants in Georgia,
Around four tonnes of Roman lead were transferred on 14 april from a museum on the island of Sardinia to Italy's particle-physics laboratory at Gran Sasso on the mainland.
One technique relies on the radioactive isotope carbon-14, which occurs in trace amounts in atmospheric carbon dioxide.
which maps fluctuations in the microwave background radiation left over from the Big bang. David Julius, a physiologist at the University of California,
and environmental disasters including the risk of radioactive particles being released from contaminated land around the Chernobyl nuclear reactor.
the site of the nuclear power plant that exploded in 1986. This has raised fears that radioactive particles could be released into the atmosphere.
Goldammer told Nature that he received unconfirmed reports on 11 august that 200 hectares in the region are alight.
Is there a radiation risk? Not really. Jim Smith, who researches the fate of radioactivity in the environment at the University of Portsmouth,
UK, says he is concerned not that the fires could lead to an increase in dangerous radiation.
Most of the radioactive particles are in the soil rather than in the flammable leaf litter and trees,
he explains. The fires that are currently burning are outside the 30-kilometre exclusion zone around Chernobyl,
and studies have shown that this has resulted in an increase in radiation of less than 1, %says Smith.
Only a small amount of radiation gets re-suspended, so I'm not concerned about damage from inhalation,
In a statement on 11 august, the Russian government said that radiation in the Bryansk region
and low-dose radiation combination, said Vladimir Chouprov, an energy campaigner for Greenpeace Russia, in a statement.
which coincided with a radiation or rapid burst of evolution giving rise to many new species during the Ediacaran,
%But Dahl's study suggests that the radiation in the Ediacaran probably occurred in a low-oxygen environment,
Research Milky way's double bubble Using data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, a team of astronomers declared last week that they had discovered two gargantuan'bubbles'of ray-emitting particles extending north and south of our Galaxy's centre (M. Su et al.
Astrophys. J. 724,1044 1082; 2010). ) Researchers think the structures, which measure 15,625 parsecs (50,000 light years) from end to end, formed from a single relatively rapid release of energy equivalent to that from 100,000 supernovae.
The factory treated the moths with just enough radiation to damage the chromosomes in their reproductive cells without causing injuries that would prevent their survival in the wild.
east of Chernobyl the site of the nuclear power plant that exploded in 1986 could cause radioactive particles in the soil to be released into the atmosphere.
But the fires didn't resuspend radiation at dangerous levels says Johann Goldammer, a fire ecologist and director of the GFMC.
The extended run will be used by scientists at the particle-physics laboratory CERN near Geneva, Switzerland, to hunt for the elusive Higgs particle at the collider's current collision energies.
Synchrotron cuts Under pressure from the nations that fund it, the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble
and the Sun's radiation output. go. nature. com/z3cke6 Â
Livestock plagues are spreading: Nature Newslivestock plagues are on the rise globally, owing to increasingly intensive farming practices and the world's growing taste for meat and other animal products.
while atomic energy and space also saw double-digit percentage increases. But with the economy booming and inflation running above 8%,
Europe's high-energy physics research centre near Geneva, Switzerland. On 17 april, Israel's cabinet voted to join the lab. Full membership has historically been limited to European nations,
The company also plans to cover the damaged reactors with temporary structures in order to limit the release of radioactivity.
Chernobyl shelter An international fund-raising effort to help decommission the Chernobyl nuclear power station in Ukraine seemed on 19 april to have fallen short of its goal.
Wildlife threatened by Fukushima radiation: Nature Newsradiation released by the tsunami-struck Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant could have long-lasting consequences for the natural environment in the vicinity of the damaged Plant scientists estimate that in the first 30 days after the accident on 11 march, trees,
birds and forest-dwelling mammals were exposed to daily doses up to 100 times greater -and fish and marine algae to doses several thousand times greater-than are considered generally safe.
with iodine-131 and caesium-137 being the most abundant (see'Radiation release will hit marine life').
A becquerel is defined as one radioactive decay per second. The team then plugged those concentrations into a piece of software called ERICA (Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants) to calculate the radiation dose that various groups of wildlife would have received.
ERICA accounts for factors that are known to affect the rate at which organisms absorb radioisotopes,
The dose rate (measured in milligrays per day) specifies how much radiation is absorbed per kilogram of organic tissue per day
a more biologically meaningful indication of how organisms are affected by exposure to radioactivity. Even so, it's just a rough assessment,
The team found that flatfish, molluscs, crustaceans and brown seaweed offshore of Fukushima received radiation doses that,
Radiation effects on egg hatching and the survival of newborn mammals still need to be surveyed
the Fukushima accident could help scientists to gain a better understanding of the effects of nuclear radiation on wildlife and the environment.
over how radiation affects the fitness of birds and invertebrates. A recent study2 that reports reduced survival in barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) in the Chernobyl exclusion zone, where dose rates are now barely above natural values,
TEPCO's losses The operators of Japan's stricken Fukushima nuclear power plant announced a net loss of ¥1. 25 trillion (US$15. 3 billion) for the year ending 31 March,
Japanese utility Chubu Electric power has suspended operations at its Hamaoka nuclear power station, which sits in an area considered overdue for a large earthquake.
but they also give researchers a unique opportunity to study the effects of radiation on populations that would be impossible to recreate in the lab. Tim Mousseau,
together with an international team, is studying the long-term ecological and health consequences of the 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine.
finds that bird species with orange feathers living in the fallout zone seem to be more susceptible to radiation than their drabber gray and black fellows1.
otherwise confer protection against radiation damage, and that this molecular trade-off is shaping bird populations around the former nuclear power plant.
One of the team, Anders M ¸ller from the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, donned a radiation-protection suit to make four bird-watching trips between 2006 and 2009 to the Red
Forest and other locations around Chernobyl. In a 2007 analysis of the data from the first bird counts made in spring 2006,
and red carotenoid-based pigments showed a decline in abundance as radiation levels increased, though there was no comparable correlation for bird species with melanin-based colouring, such as brown, black and reddish-brown2.
Making phaeomelanin consumes large amounts of a tripeptide called glutathione (GSH) which is an antioxidant molecule that can also protect tissues from radiation damage by mopping up free radicals.
making it more susceptible to radiation. The researchers reanalysed the survey data on 97 bird species in search of differences between orange-brown birds, assigned a phaeomelanin score from 0 to 5 depending on the intensity and extent of the colours,
Eumelanin levels, it turned out, had no correlation with bird abundance in relation to background radiation, but birds with relatively high levels of phaeomelanin became rarer as radiation levels increased.
Biologist Kevin Mcgraw of Arizona State university in Tempe says that pigments are good ecological tools:
Mousseau is now in talks with Japanese colleagues to plan studies there following the disaster at the Fukushima nuclear power plant.
says that although the radioactive elements released at Fukushima are different from those released at Chernobyl,
whether or not these observations will let us make predictions for other radioactive areas in the world,
On 17 june, the proton collider, located at CERN, Europe's particle-physics lab near Geneva, Switzerland, had delivered exactly one inverse femtobarn of collisions to its detectors.
Nature Newsafter the Fukushima nuclear disaster spewed radiation across northern Japan in March, some feared that farming there would be shut down for years.
But early studies of how the radiation has accumulated in plants and the soil now suggest that farmers in much of the region can go back to work.
and contained low levels of radiation around 9 Â becquerels per kilogram (Bq kg-1;
Furthermore, most of the radiation had accumulated on the leaves and could be washed off, suggesting that the plants were not absorbing dangerous levels of radioisotopes directly from the soil.
with most of the radiation in plants accumulated on their surfaces. Wheat leaves that were open at the time of the greatest fallout were contaminated heavily,
Wheat ears from these plants contained 300-500 Bq kg-1 within the prescribed radiation limit.
but suggests that cleaning up the more radioactive public spaces in Fukushima prefecture will not be easy.
led by radiation expert Tomoya Yamauchi, has found that soil radiation levels at four sites in Fukushima city,
some 60 kilometres from the reactors, measured up to 47,000 Bq kg-1 surpassing the 10,000 Bq kg-1 human exposure safety level set by the government.
and leaving it as radioactive mounds in the corners of school playgrounds. The agriculture ministry is also testing how well plants can clean the soil in highly contaminated areas,
you're still left with the problem of how to dispose of the radioactive plants. Burying the soil is expensive, however.
People cannot rebuild their lives until the radiation risks are understood and a plan for reducing them is in place.
The Genkai Nuclear power Plant in southwestern Japan was shut down briefly in October because of a technical fault,
Nuclear cleanup The Japanese government has threatened to withhold about ¥1 trillion (US$12. 8 billion) in rescue funds for the private company that runs the stricken Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant,
Ancient text gives clue to mysterious radiation spikean eerie red crucifix seen in Britain's evening sky in ad 774 may be unrecognized a previously supernova explosion
The spike probably came from a burst of high-energy radiation striking the upper atmosphere, increasing the rate at
which carbon-14 is formed (see'Mysterious radiation burst recorded in tree rings').'But there was a problem:
the only known causes of such radiation are supernova explosions or gigantic solar flares, and the researchers knew of no such events in ad 774 or 775,
The low-cost mission is one of only a few available to X-ray astronomers. See go. nature. com/dcye8k for more.
Since he started as the high-energy physics lab s fifth director in 2005, Oddone has overseen the final years of the lab s Tevatron particle collider
including a new wave of investment in nuclear power. These steps will strengthen American industry, reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
although rapid radiations have occurred throughout time and space, the rate of speciation has increased sharply over the past 40 million years.
according to"very preliminary results presented by Sergey Bulat of the Petersburg Nuclear physics Institute in Gatchina, Russia, at the 12th European Workshop on Astrobiology in Stockholm on 16 october.
the European commission ran safety tests that included all 145 reactors at nuclear power plants in the European union.
and clouds, aerosols and radiation. The seventh Earth Explorer mission will provide scientists with yet another set of global data that are hard to come by on the ground.
10 16 may 2013radiation warnings Lawmakers in San francisco, California, agreed on 7 Â May to strike down an ordinance that required retailers to warn consumers about allegedly dangerous radiation from mobile phones.
may also be pointing towards new tests of particle physics that could reveal why matter became more common than antimatter in the early moments of the Universe.
and his colleagues fired a high-energy proton beam at a piece of uranium carbide in the ISOLDE isotope mass separator facility at CERN, Europe's particle-physics laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland."
and start spinning with extra energy that it then lost as a à Â-ray.
Data from à Â-ray detectors showed that radon 220 vibrates between a rough sphere and a lopsided shape
At ISOLDE, a team led by Deyan Yordanov, a physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear physics in Heidelberg,
The standard model of particle physics, which describes the strong and weak nuclear forces and the electromagnetic force, leaves several basic questions unanswered.
leaving little but radiation behind. Various ideas proposed to supplant the standard model can account for the matter bias.
An examination of the bones, both visually and by X-ray, showed that six of the nine children bore convincing signs of rickets,
Colorado. go. nature. com/qjdgeh29 July-6 August The American Physical Society will discuss plans for high-energy physics at a meeting in Minneapolis,
Indian power India s plans to expand its nuclear power capacity are moving ahead, despite public opposition following the Fukushima nuclear accident (see Nature http://doi. org/ckcr86;
which is designed to show the feasibility of nuclear fusion as a power source (see Nature http://doi. org/nwq;
including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. On receiving recommendations from the review panel
and is continued counting on funding for the à Â-ray telescope.""My very biased and self-interested perspective is that
Geoscientists hope to use the decay of radioactive uranium in layers of volcanic ash in the core to precisely date events between about 205 Â million and 235 Â million years ago
Fukushima fuel Workers in Japan have taken the first steps towards fully decommissioning the stricken Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.
Switzerland, announced on 6 Â November that they had found traces of the radioactive metal polonium-210 in the exhumed body of Yasser Arafat, former president of the Palestinian National Authority.
But because Arafat died nine years ago it is hard to distinguish levels of synthetic polonium from background radiation
Europe s high-energy physics laboratory near Geneva in Switzerland, reported on 21 Â January detecting 80 of the antiatoms 2. 7 Â metres from their source (N. Â Kuroda
Open access An international open-access effort kicks off this month to make all particle-physics research articles freely available to readers.
The Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle physics (SCOAP3) is led by CERN, Europe s high-energy physics laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland.
and notes that good spectral and radiometric resolution (detection of small differences in wavelength and radiation,
The Synchrotron Radiation Center has provided researchers with infrared, ultraviolet and X-ray photons for experiments including semiconductor research and biological imaging since 1986.
The NSF cut support in 2011 because of budget constraints (see Nature 471,278; 2011). ) The centre was unable to raise alternative funding to save itself from closure;
Nuclear leak The US Department of energy confirmed on 20 Â February that radiation has escaped from a facility storing nuclear waste.
The department closed the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, New mexico, after an underground air-monitoring system detected radiation on 14 Â February.
Five days after the closure, the Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring and Research center at New mexico State university announced that it had elevated found levels of radioactive plutonium and americium at an independent air-sampling station nearly 1 â°kilometre
Energy-department officials say radiation levels have dropped now and they expect plant staff to be able to re-enter the WIPP within two weeks.
Holt was a former assistant director of the Princeton Plasma physics Laboratory in New jersey. During his eight terms representing the state s 12th  district,
Fukushima water Radioactive cooling water stored at the destroyed Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant might need to be dumped into the sea.
19 february NASA announces findings from its high-energy X-ray mission, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (Nustar.
the radiation released after the Big bang. See page  281 and go. nature. com/lruz8e for more.
a multibillion-euro international nuclear-fusion experiment, has approved 11 urgent reforms to the project s management.
Radiation leak The US Department of energy reported on 26 february that 13 employees had tested positive for low-level radiation exposure following a leak at its Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad, New mexico.
but preliminary tests suggest that they inhaled radioactive particles. Energy department officials said the health and environmental impacts of the leak seem to be minor,
riff raffperhaps vortexes of magma under the Earth crust are swirling about of the East coast of Africa causing the solar cosmic radiation to make swirling vortexes
They can t the radiation in space is DEADLY. Not just the Van allen belts the Van allen belts protects us from the sun
If the radiation belts in the Earth's magnetosphere were really that deadly because we have been shielded improperly this whole time we probably would have noticed by now...
because all of those astronauts would have died of radiation poisoning. And we DID in fact land on the moon the proof is in the retroreflectors that we can use on a regular basis to measure (with extreme precision) with lasers the distance between Earth and the moon.
According to John Tarduno professor of geophysics at the University of Rochester a strong magnetic field helps protect Earth from blasts of radiation from the sun. Coronal mass ejections (CMES) occasionally occur on the Sun
Even if the field becomes very weak at the Earth's surface we are shielded from radiation by the atmosphere.
That cosmic radiation blasting the Earth's surface could cause genetic mutations and cancers. Yet when palaeontologists scoured the fossil records looking for signs of mass extinctions
The International atomic energy agency may be known best for dealing with nuclear disasters such as the Fukushima reactor meltdown but it also works on crop science techniques that use radiation.
with a tiny bit of radiation enough to damage their DNA. That created a pool of seeds with different random mutations any
but the FAO/IAEA Joint Programme doesn't use it because the IAEA focuses on radiation technologies.
Radiation is believed widely to be the element fueling mutation in evolution. To the point that mutation based on radiation is accepted as a biological dating system.
The plant is not radioactive it s only accelerated evolution with human selection. The wisdom in human selection is the greatest risk factor here. tmarti69 As the Earth is currently in the beginnings of a magnetic polar flip with a ongoing to zero reduction of magnetic field more wild life will be subject to the the sun comsic radays
inducing more cancer deathes and mutations. Here comes the MUTANTS! HERE COMES THE MUTANTS S
By exposing bdelloids to extremely high levels of ionizing radiation (a treatment that causes hundreds of physical breaks in DNA strands) one of Meselson's former graduate students Eugene Gladyshev showed that bdelloids can completely rebuild their genomes an unprecedented feat
and that the radiation and heat emanating from the star didn't kill you on your approach.
b) in their neglect of indirect response by the stratosphere and of possible additional climate effects linked to solar magnetic field UV radiation solar flares and cosmic ray intensity modulations;(
magnetic field generated deep within the planet is a shield against particle radiation from space. In the South Atlantic this shield is much weaker than elsewhere across the globe
and radiation from space therefore penetrates deeper into the atmosphere. This region is known as the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA)
and the radiation in the SAA is known a hazard to satellites spacecraft and high-altitude aircraft.
However these factors are important in knowing where the radiation risk may be increased and how the atmosphere might respond...
and you would also have an increase in the cosmic radiation making it to the surface he said.
Shills will say they didn't know they didn't have an understanding of the workings of the cell that would make it vulnerable to radiation
and they didn't even know about radiation.''''As far as they knewã¢Â# there was no danger.
If asked they will say that they did not have the kind of understanding of the nature of the cell that would indicate that radiation could harm them.
âÂ# Just like a century ago âÂ#Âoescientificã¢Â# evidence of radiation harming cells didn't exist either!
Between 90000 and 166000 people were killed by the bomb some in the initial blast and others later through radiation poisoning.
The same neutrinos that start the chain reaction in fissile material can also be used to reduce the radioactive cores in nukes to something that would not go critical.
However neutrinos do react with radioactive material. A powerful enough neutrino beam would start to strip neutrons off of fissile material without causing the material to go critical.
Research in nuclear physics benefits to humanity in many manners. From characterization of materials to cancer therapy including energy production.
nuclear power. They are however against social manipulation masquerading as science like global warming alarmism and population control. just what we need..
despite no radiation from the Sun reaching the planet ever again. Tough but doable. The caveats in that previous paragraph are the much larger obstacles to overcome in my opinion.
The technique looks at the radioactive carbon in the ivory which elephants and every other living creature on earth incorporated into their bodies in unusually high levels during the Cold War era.
and geologists from the U s. Kenya and the U k. use mass spectrometry to determine the amount of carbon-14 a rare radioactive isotope of carbon appears in an animal tissue.
#Cheap Handheld Device Lets You See through Wallsever wished for X-ray vision? In the future you could get something like it from a handheld device.
Researchers have worked long to come up with X-ray vision machines. Other experimental devices have generally been larger
Other recent X-ray vision efforts include a system published in 2011 also developed at MIT.
The potential would be greater than that of either nuclear power or fossil fuels at less than half the price of the lowest traditional power source Michaud says.
For complete control to be maintained there must be several ways to turn off the lower vents Michaud says comparing it to how a nuclear power plant has several redundancies to prevent a meltdown.
As the process continues the Earth will loses it magnetic field against the suns radiation. This process is unstoppable and extreme in effect upon the Earth compared to the human induced industrial revolution warming.
To fully analyze the fragile fossil researchers collaborated with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble France.
Using a high-intensity X-ray beam the Synchrotron scanned the fossil producing high-resolution data. This data was rendered then into 3-D versions to be analyzed
The explosion was a gamma-ray burst or GRB a type of event that's the brightest we know about in the universe.
and consist of a tightly focused narrow beam of radiation moving at speeds about as close as you can get to the speed of light without exceeding it.
This one about 3. 6 billion light-years away was observed by Fermi's Gamma-ray Burst Monitor
beam of radiation moving at speeds about as close as you can get to the speed of light um considering that its a gamma ray burst
and gamma rays ARE light the beam HAS TO BE moving at EXACTLY the speed of light. Imagine compressing a weird space-apple from all sides until a jet of space-apple juice explodes out of a tiny point before the apple turns into a black apple holei disagree.
Gamma rays (hence gamma ray burst) are light. Light travels at the speed of light. Period. Events generating GRBS will also tend to be accompanied by hyper-relativistic plasma jets
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