#Despite safety and other concerns, nuclear power saves lives, greenhouse gas emissions, experts sayglobal use of nuclear power has prevented about 1. 84 million air pollution-related deaths
Pushker A. Kharecha and James E. Hansen state that nuclear power has the potential to help control both global climate change
That potential exists they say despite serious questions about safety disposal of radioactive waste and diversion of nuclear material for weapons.
Concerned that the Fukushima accident in Japan could overshadow the benefits of nuclear energy they performed an analysis of nuclear power's benefits in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and air pollution deaths.
The study concluded that nuclear power already has had a major beneficial impact based upon calculations of prevented mortality
Nuclear power could prevent from 420000 to 7 million additional deaths by mid-century and prevent emission of 80-240 billion tons of the greenhouse gases linked to global warming the study found.
and would cause far more deaths than the expansion of nuclear power it notes. If the role of nuclear power declines significantly in the next 20-30 years Kharecha added the International Energy Agency predicts that achieving the major reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that are required to mitigate climate change would require heroic achievements in the use
of emerging low-carbon technologies which have yet to be proven. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Chemical Society.
and represent a rare example of an insect mimicking a gymnosperm 165 million years ago before an explosive radiation of flowering plants.
The change in radiation can cause further changes in global temperatures and precipitation. Wildfire emissions can have remarkable impacts on radiative forcing says Liu.
In broad terms Rokas and Salichos found that genetic data is less reliable during periods of rapid radiation
A lot of the debate on the differences in the trees has been between studies concerning the'bushy'branches that took place in these'radiations'Rokas said.
Radioactive dating methods are only accurate over a certain time span said Rokas. We think that the value of DNA data might have a similar limit posing considerable challenges to existing algorithms to resolve radiations that took place in deep time.
The research was supported by National Science Foundation CAREER award DEB-0844968. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Vanderbilt University.
In broad terms Rokas and Salichos found that genetic data is less reliable during periods of rapid radiation
A lot of the debate on the differences in the trees has been between studies concerning the'bushy'branches that took place in these'radiations'Rokas said.
Radioactive dating methods are only accurate over a certain time span said Rokas. We think that the value of DNA data might have a similar limit posing considerable challenges to existing algorithms to resolve radiations that took place in deep time.
The research was supported by National Science Foundation CAREER award DEB-0844968. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Vanderbilt University.
To understand how enzymes catalyze the biosynthesis of these new metabolic products the research team took advantage of X-ray structural analysis. This allowed them to view the 3d structure of the molecules.
The evidence of its existence would be revealed by measuring how the axis of nuclei of the radioactive elements radon
and tin but due to the repulsive force between the positively charged nuclei nuclear reactions were not possible. Instead the nuclei were excited to higher energy levels producing gamma rays that flew out in a specific pattern that revealed the pear shape of the nucleus. In the very biggest picture we're trying to understand everything we've observed directly
and also indirectly and how it is that we happen to be said here Chupp. The research was led by University of Liverpool Physics Professor Peter Butler.
Our expectation is that the data from our nuclear physics experiments can be combined with the results from atomic trapping experiments measuring EDMS to make the most stringent tests of the Standard model the best theory we have for understanding the nature of the building blocks of the universe Butler said.
The paper is titled Studies of nuclear pear-shapes using accelerated radioactive beams. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Michigan.
and these men often choose watchful waiting over radiation and surgical treatments that have said unwelcome side effects Krystle Zuniga co-author of the paper.
While they couldn't see the rods X-ray diffraction images showed that the side groups --and thus the rods--had aligned under compression.
The nanostructured black silicon coating features very low reflectivity meaning that a larger portion of the Sun's radiation can be exploited.
article April 5 for the Metallomics journal of The Royal Society of Chemistry on how to use X-ray analysis to map a path to increasing the amount of nitrogen that legumes deposit into the soil Cultivation of legumes the plant family that includes peas beans alfalfa soybeans
This is the first high-energy X-ray analysis of plant-microbe interactions. X-rays such as those from the APS provided a high sensitivity to elements and a high spatial resolution not attainable by other means.
All of the rats were fed berries 2 months prior to radiation and then divided into two groups-one was evaluated after 36 hours of radiation and the other after 30 days.
After 30 days on the same berry diet the rats experienced significant protection against radiation compared to control said investigator Shibu Poulose Phd.
We saw significant benefits to diets with both of the berries and speculate it is due to the phytonutrients present.
A University of Leeds-led team of virologists and structural biologists used X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy to decipher the three-dimensional shape of the nucleocapsid protein
when we looked at galaxies nearby the high-energy radiation doesn't appear to make it out.
There's been a push to find some galaxies that show signs of radiation escaping said Anne Jaskot a doctoral student in astronomy.
Our analysis shows they may be leaking ionizing radiation. The researchers focused on six of the most intensely star-forming Green pea galaxies
The galaxies the researchers determined produced more radiation than the researchers detected so they infer that some of it must have escaped.
and Optical Depth of Ionizing Radiation in the'Green pea'Galaxies. The research is funded by the National Science Foundation.
and radiation treatments for certain types of cancer and menopause. The effects of hormone loss can range from hot flashes and vaginal dryness to infertility and increased risk of osteoporosis and heart disease.
#Toxicity map of brain may help protect cognition for cancer patientsnew research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical center is giving radiation oncologists who treat brain tumors a better understanding of how to preserve the brain's functions while still killing cancer.
Ann M. Peiffer Ph d. assistant professor of radiation oncology at Wake Forest Baptist and colleagues looked at how radiation treatment to different brain areas impacts function to help protect cognition
Radiation treatment of organs with cancer is designed to give enough of a dose to be toxic to the cancer tumor with minimal impact to the surrounding tissue
For treatment of organs like the lung kidney or liver doctors know exactly how much radiation to give before organ function is affected.
and these functions are affected at a much lower dose of radiation than what causes tissue death Peiffer said.
or more after their radiation treatment to determine whether Donepezil a drug normally used to improve mental function for those with early Alzheimer's disease was effective at improving their cognition.
The researchers then went back into the medical records to match participants to their individual radiation dose levels
This gave us a preliminary look at what areas are important to consider for protecting cognition during our planning for radiation treatment.
Individuals were supported also by Wake Forest School of medicine Medical student Research Program Louis Argenta Physician-Scientist Scholarship Fund NIH T32 CA113267 and the Department of Radiation Oncology.
PIC simulations are used extensively in plasma physics to model the motion of the charged particles and the electromagnetic interactions between them that make up ionized matter.
SIT involves mass release of radiation-sterilized insects which mate but produce no offspring thus reducing the population of pests.
They include difficulty in producing male-only sterile insects without the use of radiation which reduces their ability to compete with wild males for mates.
and also comprised scientists from the University of California in Santa barbara the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Stanford (California) and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble (France).
The use of microscopic synchrotron X-ray beams at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) and at the ESRF enabled scientists to determine the chemical form of these metals
We used X-ray beams 1000 times thinner than a human hair and the way in
A detailed spectral analysis of the X-ray signals showed that the cerium in the nodules
The above story is provided based on materials by European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Smaller radiation fields can spare brain when treating tumors, research findsnew research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical center shows that patients suffering from aggressive brain tumors can be treated effectively with smaller radiation fields to spare the rest of the brain and preserve cognition.
For patients with glioblastoma we now know we can safely and effectively treat them with smaller radiation fields to spare the rest of their normal brain said lead investigator Michael D. Chan M d. assistant professor of radiation oncology at Wake Forest Baptist.
That's important because it lessens the symptoms from radiation toxicity like tiredness and nausea.
Chan said that a patient's cognition is related to how much normal brain is irradiated so focusing radiation on smaller areas of the brain may help preserve cognition
and does not seem to lead to an increase in the likelihood of the tumor recurring.
Overall while long-term survival rates for glioblastoma multiforme patients have not improved by much with treatment advances the ability to treat with smaller radiation fields preserves cognition
While there have been other similar studies this one is the largest to compare smaller radiation margins to larger ones to document differences in patterns of failure for patients Chan said.
whether using these tighter margins would affect the tumors coming back outside of the radiation field
Chan said that in the 1990s Wake Forest Baptist's Edward G. Shaw M d. professor of radiation oncology was part of a group that pioneered using smaller margins
Smaller radiation margins around the tumor do not seem to lead to an increase in the tumor returning just outside of the radiation field Chan said.
A smaller radiation field combined with modern treatment techniques like newer chemotherapy agents and radiation technologies provides physicians with more options.
Treatments have gotten better over time and people with GBM may live longer than they had in the past.
#Graphene oxide soaks up radioactive waste: U s.,Russian researchers collaborate on solution to toxic groundwater woesgraphene oxide has a remarkable ability to quickly remove radioactive material from contaminated water researchers at Rice university
and Lomonosov Moscow State university have found. A collaborative effort by the Rice lab of chemist James Tour and the Moscow lab of chemist Stepan Kalmykov determined that microscopic atom-thick flakes of graphene oxide bind quickly to natural and human-made radionuclides
and Parsons Engineering and an expert in nuclear power and remediation who is working with the researchers.
The researchers focused on removing radioactive isotopes of the actinides and lanthanides--the 30 rare earth elements in the periodic table--from liquids rather than solids or gases.
and it's radioactive above a certain level they can't put it back into the ground he said.
Tour said that capturing radionuclides does not make them less radioactive just easier to handle.
Where you have huge pools of radioactive material like at Fukushima you add graphene oxide
Graphene oxide burns very rapidly and leaves a cake of radioactive material you can then reuse.
#Manuka honey does not decrease pain of radiation-induced esophagitis for lung cancer patientspatient-reported data indicates that
when Manuka honey is prescribed for esophagitis pain during radiation therapy (RT) it is not more effective than standard medical care according to research presented today at the American Society for Radiation Oncology's (ASTRO's) 56th Annual Meeting.
so that patients can continue eating their normal diet said lead study author Lawrence Berk MD chief of radiation oncology Morsani School of medicine at the University of South Florida Tampa.
The above story is provided based on materials by American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length l
Is the methane contamination observed in drinking water a precursor to other toxins--arsenic various salts radioactive radium
and humans and is essential for the protective pathway against UV radiation it also simultaneously provides the elucidation and potential means with
The albedo effect refers to the amount of radiation reflected by the surface of the planet.
Not just the intensity but also the waveform of emitted terahertz radiation totally and dynamically changes in response to molecular adsorption and desorption.
Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.
Using this method means that the males do not have to be sterilized by radiation before release
Researchers have observed long hemagglutinin's initial and final structures through X-ray crystallography. But because the change happens so quickly it has been impossible to capture an image of the glycoprotein in transit.
By using the experimental structural information from X-ray crystallography to approximate the full energy landscape of hemagglutinin the researchers can now capture a rough picture of the steps involved in its reconfiguration including the point at
and net radiation--defined as the amount of energy from the sun that is absorbed by the land minus the amount reflected back into the atmosphere by Earth's surface.
and found that a downward trend in net radiation was largely responsible for the change. This was a surprising result according to Estes who said he expected to see decreases in evaporative demand
but thought lower wind speeds would have a greater impact than drops in net radiation.
Aerosols reflect radiation from the sun back into space; this tends to cool Earth's surface. Aerosols such as dust and smoke also absorb radiation
and heat the atmosphere where they are concentrated. Aura's Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is especially good at observing these absorbing aerosols above clouds and bright deserts.
In addition the X-ray images show that both creatures died from suffocation after inhaling mud. Lyuba and Khroma who died at ages 1 and 2 months respectively are the most complete and best-preserved baby mammoth specimens ever found.
PET scans require the use of radioactive tracers and cerebrospinal fluid analysis requires that patients undergo invasive
and in the fusion process the star emits radiation in the form of light that is energy.
and can occur from sunlight radiation or from errors in copying DNA Scott said. They happen by chance he said.
and more radiation can be reflected back into space says first author Edouard Davin. However this effect is only short term and local--perhaps at the most regional but never trans-regional.
and the Synchrotron's small angle X-ray scattering beam showed that when digested the by-products of milk become highly organised.
Stable nanodiamonds up to 20 nanometers in size can be formed in hydrogenated anthracite they found though the smallest nanodiamonds were continued unstable under electron-beam radiation.
and less expensive it will encourage greater natural gas consumption and less of fuels such as coal renewables and nuclear power.
But natural gas production and consumption has higher emissions than renewables and nuclear power. Over the range of scenarios that we examine abundant natural gas by itself is neither a climate hero nor a climate villain said Richard Newell Gendell Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics and director of the Duke university Energy Initiative.
Novel lung cancer treatment meets with successan old idea of retreating lung tumors with radiation is new again especially with the technological advances seen in radiation oncology over the last decade.
For these patients hope lies in a second course of treatment â#repeat radiation. Two complementary papers published back-to-back recently in the journal Radiotherapy
when the cancer comes back in an area thatâ##s been treated previously with radiation treatmentâ#said James J. Urbanic M d. lead author of the studies
and a radiation oncologist at Wake Forest Baptist. â#oewith some of the technological advances in radiation treatments that have occurred in the last five to 10 years weâ##re beginning to re-look at the issue
and ask â#can we target the radiation precisely enough and with a high enough dose to knock the cancer back?
and radiation or radiation alone for a lung cancer that couldnâ##t be removed surgically. Theyâ##ve returned for a checkup
If the cancer is just in one spot the patients get retreated with 10 radiation treatments done with the SBRT technique
I think itâ##s going to allow radiation oncologists to reassess their ability so that maybe they can take risks they werenâ##t willing to take before.
and radiation as well as elements that enable wireless connectivity between the greenhouse and mobile devices like cell phones.
The cameras are enclosed in a temperature-specific case and exposed to the harsh radiation of the space environment.
To trace the sugars the scientists first had to add a radioactive tag to these molecules.
When they administered this labeled CO2 to plant leaves the plants incorporated the radioactive carbon into sugars via photosynthesis. The scientists then tracked the labeled sugars throughout the plant using detectors placed along the plant stem.
and joint space width was measured by x-ray to evaluate OA progression. Subjects included 888 men and 1260 women who had follow-up at 12 24 36 and 48 months As the intake of milk increased from none to less than 3 4-6
but using 13 percent less water and reflecting 34 percent more radiation back into space by breeding for slightly different leaf distribution angles and reflectivity.
#Radiation damage at the root of Chernobyls ecosystemsradiological damage to microbes near the site of the Chernobyl disaster has slowed the decomposition of fallen leaves
The resulting buildup of dry loose detritus is a wildfire hazard that poses the threat of spreading radioactivity from the Chernobyl area.
which exploded and released large quantities of radioactive compounds in the Ukraine region of the Soviet union in 1986.
They set out to assess the rate at which plant material decomposed as a function of background radiation placing hundreds of samples of uncontaminated leaf litter (pine needles and oak maple and birch leaves) in mesh bags throughout the area.
The locations were chosen to cover a range of radiation doses and the samples were retrieved after nine months outdoors.
A statistical analysis of the weight loss of each leaf litter sample after those nine months showed that higher background radiation was associated with less weight loss.
The response was proportional to radiation dose and in the most contaminated regions the leaf loss was 40 percent less than in control regions in Ukraine with normal background radiation levels.
They also measured the thickness of the forest floor in the same areas where samples were placed.
They found that it was thicker in places with higher background radiation. The team concluded that the bacteria
and fungi that decompose plant matter in healthy ecosystems are hindered by radioactive contamination. They showed a smaller effect for small invertebrates such as termites that also contribute to decomposition of plant biomass.
which he says likely results both from direct radiation effects and indirect effects such as reduced nutrient supply.
It's another facet of the impacts of low-dose-rate radioactive contaminants on the broader ecosystem Mousseau says.
The results also show the potential for further spread of radioactivity. There's been growing concern by many different groups of the potential for catastrophic forest fires to sweep through this part of the world
and redistribute the radioactive contamination that is in the trees and the plant biomass Mousseau says.
Structural techniques like X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance have worked quite well to help us understand how smaller proteins function Onuchic said.
But blasting these secret-suitor insects with radiation via electron beams X-rays or gamma-rays tends to make them weaker than typical males
They suspected and found that under the low-oxygen conditions the insects'cells would produce antioxidants that can help better protect them from the off-target radiation damage.
and Vaughn Smider used x-ray crystallography to determine the ball and chain structure of the bovine antibodies
The same nanotube fibers in a vacuum could only cool by radiation and had the lowest CCC.
The cosmic ray data we used represent some of the highest energy radiation we can observe
and direct galactic cosmic rays is a crucial component to understanding the environment of our galaxy which in turn influences the environment of our entire solar system
and cosmic ray data with Voyager 1's measurements the Voyager 1 data provide a different direction for the magnetic fields just outside our heliosphere.
His team uses a scanning electron microscope to take highly detailed pictures of items x-ray microanalysis to determine the elements in the sample
Those reactive compounds altered Earth's radiation balance contributing a net global warming as much as two to three times greater than the effect of carbon dioxide according to the study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
The albedo effect refers to the amount of radiation reflected by the surface of the planet.
and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble Dr. Miquel Coll a structural biologist and his team analyzed the DNA binding mode used by various ARFS.
The research team investigated adaptive radiation--the explosive evolution of species into new ecological niches powered by natural selection--of New world Leaf-nosed bats.
This kind of engineering model may illuminate many other adaptive radiations and the origin of so much diversity On earth.
valos of Stony Brook University and support from the National Science Foundation studied the evolutionary histories of the adaptive radiation of New world leaf-nosed bats based on their dietary niches.
As the authors point out adaptive radiations that is the explosive evolution of species into new ecological niches have generated much of the biological diversity seen in the world today.
radiation which transfers thermal energy through electromagnetic waves and conduction which transfers thermal energy through the vibrations of neighboring atoms and molecules.
But she and her colleagues suspected that radiation might play a bigger role. The scientists performed some initial calculations that showed heat loss between two bodies separated by air would be dominated by radiation not conduction.
To further explore the radiative heat loss the team created a simple computer model consisting of a hot and a cold thermostat that roughly simulated an animal's warm body and the outside colder environment.
which absorb all of the radiation that strikes them. In a second version opaque grey-body shields were used.
With the help of real-time X-ray diffraction at the EDDI beamline of BESSY II HZB physicists around Roland Mainz and Thomas Unold could now observe how a phase transition from the metastable wurtzite phase to the stable kesterite phase leads
Because this protein appears to be associated with resistance of the cancer stem cells to treatment with radiation
With standard care which includes surgery radiation treatment and chemotherapy median length of survival is 15 months for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme.
The government hid information about radiation levels after the Fukushima meltdown and for the first time, people are really angry,
They were also really angry that the Japanese government covered up the fact that they knew how high radiation levels were in places like Tokyo.
but they may have exposed themselves to more radiation than they thought. How people find reliable information A lot of people have become skeptical of NHK, the big television network in Japan.
Low levels of radiation spread to such a wide area throughout Japan. In some places, they have scraped off the top layer of playgrounds and schools,
Radiation levels were said to be high in the area so people were advised to stay inside for weeks.
In June, people were still jittery about radiation exposure. They banned some produce and milk from Ibaraki Prefecture where my parents live.
Some people who were worried about their children growing up exposed to radiation moved away from my parents'area.
so they are choosing not to think about possible long-term effects of radiation exposure. Why she decided to make the film My parents and
and the country's National Atomic energy commission (CNEA, in Spanish) is pushing forward with the design of a small, low-cost atomic energy reactor called CAREM.
Wi-fi radiation to blamethe trees in the city of Alphen aan den Rijn weren't doing so well,
when trees are exposed to Wi-fi radiation, they don't grow correctly, the bark bleed, and the leaves die.
Dutch researchers discovered that 70 percent of trees in The netherlands are affected by Wi-fi radiation. Five years ago
The scientists studied 20 ash trees and gave them a dose of Wi-fi radiation for three months.
The trees away from the radiation remained healthy, but the trees exposed to the Wi-fi radiation were sick.
According to the news release, initial observations suggest a negative effect on the health of the ash...
The debate over Wi-fi radiation continues. The Health Protection Agency states there is no consistent evidence to date that exposure to FR signals from Wi-fi
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