| Radiation safety (1) |  |
Wifi Makes Trees Sick City trees are becoming sick from wireless radiation from local area networks and mobile phones.
Radiation from Wi-fi networks is harmful to trees, causing significant variations in growth, as well as bleeding and fissures in the bark, according to a recent study in The netherlands.
Radiation from Wi-fi networks is harmful to trees, causing significant variations in growth, as well as bleeding and fissures in the bark, according to a recent study in The netherlands.
The study exposed 20 ash trees to various radiation sources for a period of three months.
The study also found that Wi-fi radiation could inhibit the growth of corn cobs. The researchers urged that further studies were needed to confirm the current results
and determine long-term effects of wireless radiation on trees. Via PC WORLD Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati a
They have established that radiation from mobile telephones is a key factor in the phenomenon and say that it probably interfering with the bees navigation senses.
We have compared the performance of honeybees in cellphone radiation exposed and unexposed colonies. oea significant decline in colony strength
#Fukushima grows sunflowers to clean up radiation contamination A geiger counter is placed in front of sunflowers in full bloom in Fukushima.
Burning strips of paper swirled into the hot summer sky as they carry the names of the dead above a temple in Fukushima where thousands of sunflowers have been planted to help fight the omnipresent radiation.
#Some 80,000 people were forced to evacuate from a vast swathe of land around the reactor as engineers battled radiation leaks,
Worse still, radiation spread well outside the mandatory evacuation zone, nestling in hot spots#and contaminating the ground in what remains a largely agricultural region.
Excessive radiation levels have also been found in beef vegetables, milk, seafood and water and, in hot spots more than 100 km from the plant, tea.
In an effort to lift the spirits of area residents as well as lighten the impact of the radiation,
which are believed all to absorb radiation, #said the monk. So far we have grown at least 200,000 flowers (at this temple) and distributed many more seeds.
Japanese scientists are also carrying out tests to prove their usefulness in fighting radiation. HOPE FROM STAGNATION But Abe decided not to wait for the results of the tests
me forget about radiation too, #said Tomoe, a 38-year-old volunteer who declined to give her last name.
hoping they would suck up radiation, #said Mura Akiba, a local villager weeding her garden. A dosimeter placed next to her registered radiation levels of more than 5 microsieverts per hour, far exceeding government safety levels.
Her house is located near a radioactive hot spot. Im so ashamed to go to a shop to buy fruit and vegetables
and radiation to treat a rare form of leukemia that, several times in the preceding few years, had taken almost her life.
Dr. Ma then sent it to Dr. Anthony Kampf, Curator of Mineral Sciences at the Natural history Museum of Los angeles County (NHM), for X-ray diffraction study.
including a map of radiation levels in Japan for The Guardian. They are developing a Data science Toolkit for dealing with location data.
or zinc oxide to reflect UV radiation away from the body while organic ingredients such as octyl methoxycinnamate or oxybenzone convert the remaining UV rays into heat.
The end results are creams with varying SPFS (Sun Protection Factors) that keep the body protected from UV radiation.
Source: everydaymysteries 9.)Songs Stuck in our Heads Almost everyone has at one point or another had stuck a song in their head,
Baking acts by convection, rather than by thermal radiation, and is undertaken typically in ovens, in hot ashes,
which radiation is used to heat the polarized molecules in food. The microwave is notable mostly as a gateway technology, leading to the culinary innovation of the late 20th century:
) Microwave radiation won t cause cancer, it just heats food up. In fact only a few types of radiation cause cancer,
and these depend on the dose#just like radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer but just enough helps your body make Vitamin d.
(SOURCE: Cancer Research UK). ) 33. It s a myth that Mcdonald s burgers don t rot. Actually they will rot given the right conditions#water and warmth for the microbes that break the food down.
What if there is a radiation leak? Do you send rodents into it? You can see the moral and ethical issues that need to be worked out.
and analyzing traffic patterns to reroute drivers-Waste management optimizing waste pickup by measuring container levels-Security & emergency detection detecting radiation, gases,
</p><p>George Gamow had predicted that a Big bang should produce just such a background radiation and the CMB became one of the first pieces of evidence supporting the Big bang theory.
The prodigious outpouring of radiation from the first stars marked the end of the Dark Age
#Broccoli Compound Could Prevent Radiation Sickness A byproduct of a chemical found in broccoli could prevent acute radiation poisoning new research suggests.
and other cruciferous vegetables prevents rats exposed to lethal doses of radiation from dying. If follow-up studies show the treatment works in humans the compound could be given to people before
or right after nuclear exposure to mitigate acute radiation sickness. Insights from the research could also help to lessen the side effects of radiation therapy in cancer patients by making healthy cells
but not cancer cells less susceptible to damage from radiation said study co-author Dr. Eliot Rosen a radiation oncologist at Georgetown University in Washington D c. Top 10 Cancer-Fighting Foods Deadly effects
When people are exposed to high doses of radiation such as that resulting from a nuclear meltdown
Heavy radiation also strips the gastrointestinal tract making people prone to inflammation and infection. At high enough doses both ailments can be lethal.
whether these same properties might help shield cells from the DNA damage caused by radiation from a nuclear meltdown or a dirty bomb.
To find out the team exposed 40 rats to a dose of gamma-ray radiation that would normally be deadly
After 30 days animals typically will not die of acute radiation sickness; however the researchers didn't study the animals that long
 But in the case of a nuclear disaster you're not really worried about someone who is going to get cancer from the radiation 10 or 20 years down the line;
When it was given prior to radiation exposure the compound also shielded rats from radiation's effects.
More work In a second set of studies the team showed that human breast-cancer cells dosed with DIM were still susceptible to the effects of radiation raising the possibility that DIM could shield patients'healthy cells
while still allowing radiation to kill cancer cells. DIM's preferential effects in healthy tissue could reduce the side effects of radiation therapy.
It's a very interesting and surprising result because of the whole body protection from radiation said Gary Firestone a molecular biologist at the University of California Berkeley who studies DIM
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has a higher energy level than visible light and infrared (IR) radiation has a weaker energy level.
Some of the sun's incoming radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere the oceans and the surface of the Earth.
Much of it however is reflected back out to space as low-energy IR radiation. For Earth's temperature to remain stable the amount of incoming solar radiation should be roughly equal to the amount of IR radiation leaving the atmosphere.
As Earth's atmosphere changes however the amount of IR radiation leaving the atmosphere also changes.
And since the Industrial revolution the burning of fossil fuels like coal oil and gasoline have increased greatly the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere according to NASA's Earth Observatory.
Along with other gases like methane and nitrous oxide CO2 acts like a blanket absorbing IR radiation and preventing it from leaving the atmosphere.
The net effect causes the gradual heating of Earth's atmosphere and surface. Related: Effects of Global Warming This is called the greenhouse effect
but weaker IR radiation isn't able to pass out through the glass. The trapped IR radiation keeps the greenhouse warm even in the coldest winter weather.
There are several gases in Earth's atmosphere known as greenhouse gases because they exacerbate the greenhouse effect:
Methane for example is about 21 times more effective at trapping heat from IR radiation than carbon dioxide according to the EPA.
Even after many years of scientific research and government investigation there are still many unanswered questions about the Chernobyl accident especially regarding the long-term health impacts that the massive radiation leak will have on those who were exposed.
mechanisms according to the U n. Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR. At 1: 23 a m. on April 26 when extremely hot nuclear fuel rods were lowered into cooling water an immense amount of steam was created
which because of the RBMK reactors'design flaws created more reactivity in the nuclear core of reactor number 4. The resultant power surge caused an immense explosion that detached the 1000-ton plate covering the reactor core releasing radiation
and radiation leaks the death toll climbed as plant workers succumbed to acute radiation sickness.
Most of the radiation released from the failed nuclear reactor was from iodine-131 cesium-134 and cesium-137.
By that time many were already complaining about vomiting headaches and other signs of radiation sickness.
Twenty-eight of the workers at Chernobyl died in the four months following the accident according to the U s. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) including some heroic workers who knew they were exposing themselves to deadly levels of radiation
in order to secure the facility from further radiation leaks. The prevailing winds at the time of the accident were from the south and east so much of the radiation plume traveled northwest toward Belarus.
Nonetheless Soviet authorities were slow to release information about the severity of the disaster to the outside world.
But when radiation alarms began to go off at a nuclear plant in Sweden authorities were forced to reveal the full extent of the crisis. Within three months of the Chernobyl accident a total of 31 people died from radiation exposure or other direct
More than 6000 cases of thyroid cancer may eventually be linked to radiation exposure in Ukraine Belarus
Surprisingly the overall rate of cancer deaths and other health effects related to Chernobyl's radiation leak is lower than was feared initially.
The majority of the five million residents living in contaminated areas received very small radiation doses comparable to natural background levels (0. 1 rem per year) according to an NRC report.
Today the available evidence does not strongly connect the accident to radiation-induced increases of leukemia or solid cancer other than thyroid cancer.
Some experts have claimed that unsubstantiated fear of radiation poisoning led to greater suffering than the actual disaster.
or other disorders though the actual level of radiation exposure these women experienced were too low to cause any problems.
Shortly after the radiation leaks from Chernobyl occurred the trees in the woodlands surrounding the plant were killed by high levels of radiation.
The damaged reactor was sealed hastily in a concrete sarcophagus intended to contain the remaining radiation:
A few hundred former residents of the area have returned to their former homes despite the risks of radiation exposure.
Only a handful of radiation effects such as stunted trees growing in the zone of highest radiation
Because of the long-lived radiation in the region surrounding the former Chernobyl Nuclear power Plant the area won't be safe for human habitation for at least 20000 years.
#Cold war Nuclear Radiation Creates Anti-Poaching Tool (ISNS)--Radioactive carbon atoms created during 20th-century nuclear bomb tests could help save elephants
Cretaceous period plants One of the hallmarks of the Cretaceous period was the development and radiation of the flowering plants.
Everything that has a temperature--trees soil people the sun--emits radiation. Trees like other objects on the earth mainly emit long-wave infrared radiation
while sunlight contains a lot of shorter-wave radiation. In places where temperatures are already close to water's melting point the infrared energy can accelerate the melting of snow.
This work challenges conventional wisdom because most folks out there think of snowmelt as being dominated by short-wave radiation
But this paper shows that in warmer environments it really can be long-wave-radiation-dominated.
Each X-ray allows doctors to track the barium as the person digests the drink. By using a catheter running from the nose down to the throat doctors may also use a probe to monitor the amount of stomach acid in the esophagus in a technique called esophageal ph monitoring.
and water pollution solid waste radiation pesticides and toxic substances to name a few its authority on those matters is not exclusive.
Cosmic radiation constantly bombards the Earth's surface changing the form of some of the elements like beryllium in rocks.
Rosalind Franklin used the process of X-ray crystallography to make an image of the DNA molecule that was used by Watson
but X-ray crystallography is a bit complex for most students to do at home. Still some of you might want to do something a bit more dramatic than building a DNA model out of toothpicks and gumdrops.
because they are so huge that a stray gamma ray could disrupt the bits in these numbers
X-ray analysis revealed gold particles up to about 8 microns wide in cells from the trees or about 10 times thinner than the average human hair.
The sun bombards Earth with enormous amounts of radiation which strike Earth's atmosphere in the form of visible light plus ultraviolet (UV) infrared (IR)
and other types of radiation that are invisible to the human eye. About 30 percent of the radiation striking the Earth is reflected back out to space by clouds ice and other reflective surfaces.
The remaining 70 percent is absorbed by the oceans the land and the atmosphere according to NASA.
As they absorb radiation and heat up the oceans land and atmosphere release heat in the form of IR thermal radiation
which passes out of the atmosphere into space. The balance between incoming and outgoing radiation keeps Earth's overall average temperature at about 59 F 15 C). This exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that warms Earth is referred often to as the greenhouse effect because a greenhouse works in much
the same way. Incoming UV radiation easily passes through the glass walls of a greenhouse
and is absorbed by the plants and hard surfaces inside. Weaker IR radiation however has difficulty passing out through the glass walls
and is trapped inside warming the greenhouse. The gases in the atmosphere that absorb radiation are known as greenhouse gases (sometimes abbreviated as GHG)
because they are largely responsible for the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect in turn is one of the leading causes of global warming.
However methane is about 21 times more efficient at absorbing radiation than CO2 giving it a high GWP rating
and incoming radiation from the sun. Solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed partially on the surface of Earth.
Some of the incoming radiation however is reflected back out toward space. Gases in Earth's atmosphere absorb some of that reflected radiation;
as a result the atmosphere heats up. This atmospheric warming is known as the greenhouse effect because the same process keeps a greenhouse warm during cold weather:
There's a delicate balancing act occurring every day all across the Earth involving the radiation the planet receives from space
and the radiation that's reflected back out to space. Earth is bombarded constantly with enormous amounts of radiation primarily from the sun. This solar radiation strikes the Earth's atmosphere in the form of visible light plus ultraviolet (UV) infrared (IR)
and other types of radiation that are invisible to the human eye. UV radiation has a shorter wavelength
and a higher energy level than visible light while IR radiation has a longer wavelength and a weaker energy level.
About 30 percent of the radiation striking Earth's atmosphere is reflected immediately back out to space by clouds ice snow sand and other reflective surfaces according to NASA.
The remaining 70 percent of incoming solar radiation is absorbed by the oceans the land and the atmosphere.
As they heat up the oceans land and atmosphere release heat in the form of IR thermal radiation
which passes out of the atmosphere and into space. It's this equilibrium of incoming and outgoing radiation that makes the Earth habitable with an average temperature of about 59 degrees Fahrenheit (15 degrees Celsius) according to NASA.
Without this atmospheric equilibrium Earth would be as cold and lifeless as its moon or as blazing hot as Venus. The moon
the average temperature on Venus is about 864 degrees F (462 degrees C). The exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that warms the Earth is referred often to as the greenhouse effect because a greenhouse works in much the same way.
Incoming UV radiation easily passes through the glass walls of a greenhouse and is absorbed by the plants
Weaker IR radiation however has difficulty passing through the glass walls and is trapped inside thus warming the greenhouse.
but outgoing thermal radiation is trapped inside the car's closed windows. The gases in the atmosphere that absorb radiation are known as greenhouse gases
because they're largely responsible for the greenhouse effect. These greenhouse gases include water vapor carbon dioxide (CO2) methane nitrous oxide (N2o) and other gases according to the Environmental protection agency (EPA.
CO2 and other greenhouse gases act like a blanket absorbing IR radiation and preventing it from escaping into outer space.
During that time a space capsule wouldn't completely insulate life from bombardment with cosmic radiation zero air pressure and cold temperatures.
Earth-based experiments can't simulate all of those conditions particularly the heavy particle radiation he said.
and go into an extreme hibernation with zero metabolism he said thereby withstanding the punishing radiation desiccation and frigid temperatures of space.
which measures temperature based on thermal radiation at the tree trunks the koalas were hugging. The trunks were considerably cooler than the ambient air temperature sometimes by as
Ligands in a cationic grip Using a number of techniques including the X ray crystallography beam at the Synchrotron in Melbourne they were able to describe the structure of the active component which only worked
Bark acts as the protective outer layer on trees that protects the plant from drought and shields against radiation.
which suggests the bad-quality cork trees are adapting to protect themselves from elevated radiation levels.
To find out what was happening or more accurately what wasn't happening the research team collected hundreds of samples of leaf litter from forest floors that were contaminated not by radiation
Radiation is known to have harmful effects on microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Recent research has found that radiation therapy can cause severe complications in cancer patients by reducing the populations of helpful bacteria in the intestines.
How Radiation Affects the Human body Mousseau and other researchers are concerned that the buildup of leaf litter on the forest floor presents a real danger.
which could then spread radiation throughout the region. That would end up moving radiocesium and other contaminants via smoke into populated areas Mousseau said.
These pigments act like sunscreen for leaves blocking out damaging radiation and providing protection from excess light.
which maps fluctuations in the microwave background radiation left over from the Big bang. David Julius, a physiologist at the University of California,
Is there a radiation risk? Not really. Jim Smith, who researches the fate of radioactivity in the environment at the University of Portsmouth,
UK, says he is concerned not that the fires could lead to an increase in dangerous radiation.
and studies have shown that this has resulted in an increase in radiation of less than 1, %says Smith.
Only a small amount of radiation gets re-suspended, so I'm not concerned about damage from inhalation,
In a statement on 11 august, the Russian government said that radiation in the Bryansk region
and low-dose radiation combination, said Vladimir Chouprov, an energy campaigner for Greenpeace Russia, in a statement.
which coincided with a radiation or rapid burst of evolution giving rise to many new species during the Ediacaran,
%But Dahl's study suggests that the radiation in the Ediacaran probably occurred in a low-oxygen environment,
Research Milky way's double bubble Using data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, a team of astronomers declared last week that they had discovered two gargantuan'bubbles'of ray-emitting particles extending north and south of our Galaxy's centre (M. Su et al.
Astrophys. J. 724,1044 1082; 2010). ) Researchers think the structures, which measure 15,625 parsecs (50,000 light years) from end to end, formed from a single relatively rapid release of energy equivalent to that from 100,000 supernovae.
The factory treated the moths with just enough radiation to damage the chromosomes in their reproductive cells without causing injuries that would prevent their survival in the wild.
But the fires didn't resuspend radiation at dangerous levels says Johann Goldammer, a fire ecologist and director of the GFMC.
Synchrotron cuts Under pressure from the nations that fund it, the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble
and the Sun's radiation output. go. nature. com/z3cke6 Â
Livestock plagues are spreading: Nature Newslivestock plagues are on the rise globally, owing to increasingly intensive farming practices and the world's growing taste for meat and other animal products.
Wildlife threatened by Fukushima radiation: Nature Newsradiation released by the tsunami-struck Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant could have long-lasting consequences for the natural environment in the vicinity of the damaged Plant scientists estimate that in the first 30 days after the accident on 11 march, trees,
with iodine-131 and caesium-137 being the most abundant (see'Radiation release will hit marine life').
The team then plugged those concentrations into a piece of software called ERICA (Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants) to calculate the radiation dose that various groups of wildlife would have received.
The dose rate (measured in milligrays per day) specifies how much radiation is absorbed per kilogram of organic tissue per day
The team found that flatfish, molluscs, crustaceans and brown seaweed offshore of Fukushima received radiation doses that,
Radiation effects on egg hatching and the survival of newborn mammals still need to be surveyed
the Fukushima accident could help scientists to gain a better understanding of the effects of nuclear radiation on wildlife and the environment.
over how radiation affects the fitness of birds and invertebrates. A recent study2 that reports reduced survival in barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) in the Chernobyl exclusion zone, where dose rates are now barely above natural values,
but they also give researchers a unique opportunity to study the effects of radiation on populations that would be impossible to recreate in the lab. Tim Mousseau,
finds that bird species with orange feathers living in the fallout zone seem to be more susceptible to radiation than their drabber gray and black fellows1.
otherwise confer protection against radiation damage, and that this molecular trade-off is shaping bird populations around the former nuclear power plant.
One of the team, Anders M ¸ller from the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, donned a radiation-protection suit to make four bird-watching trips between 2006 and 2009 to the Red
and red carotenoid-based pigments showed a decline in abundance as radiation levels increased, though there was no comparable correlation for bird species with melanin-based colouring, such as brown, black and reddish-brown2.
Making phaeomelanin consumes large amounts of a tripeptide called glutathione (GSH) which is an antioxidant molecule that can also protect tissues from radiation damage by mopping up free radicals.
making it more susceptible to radiation. The researchers reanalysed the survey data on 97 bird species in search of differences between orange-brown birds, assigned a phaeomelanin score from 0 to 5 depending on the intensity and extent of the colours,
Eumelanin levels, it turned out, had no correlation with bird abundance in relation to background radiation, but birds with relatively high levels of phaeomelanin became rarer as radiation levels increased.
Biologist Kevin Mcgraw of Arizona State university in Tempe says that pigments are good ecological tools:
Nature Newsafter the Fukushima nuclear disaster spewed radiation across northern Japan in March, some feared that farming there would be shut down for years.
But early studies of how the radiation has accumulated in plants and the soil now suggest that farmers in much of the region can go back to work.
and contained low levels of radiation around 9 Â becquerels per kilogram (Bq kg-1;
Furthermore, most of the radiation had accumulated on the leaves and could be washed off, suggesting that the plants were not absorbing dangerous levels of radioisotopes directly from the soil.
with most of the radiation in plants accumulated on their surfaces. Wheat leaves that were open at the time of the greatest fallout were contaminated heavily,
Wheat ears from these plants contained 300-500 Bq kg-1 within the prescribed radiation limit.
led by radiation expert Tomoya Yamauchi, has found that soil radiation levels at four sites in Fukushima city,
some 60 kilometres from the reactors, measured up to 47,000 Bq kg-1 surpassing the 10,000 Bq kg-1 human exposure safety level set by the government.
People cannot rebuild their lives until the radiation risks are understood and a plan for reducing them is in place.
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