#Mobile tools can increase tobacco screening, cessation counseling ratessmartphones and tablets may hold the key to getting more clinicians to screen patients for tobacco use
and advise smokers on how to quit. Even though tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease
and death in the U s. clinicians often donâ##t ask about smoking during patient exams.
Using mobile phones loaded with tobacco screening guidelines prompted nurses to ask patients about their smoking habits in 84 percent of clinic visits
in curbing tobacco useâ#says lead study author Kenrick Cato Phd associate research scientist at Columbia Nursing.
Currently U s. patients are screened for tobacco use in about 60 percent of office visits and smokers are advised on how to quit less than 20 percent of the time according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
â#oethese findings are a win in the ongoing battle against tobacco use and they also point to a broader benefit of mobile applications in getting more clinicians to follow evidence-based practice guidelinesâ#Cato says.
The study evaluated tobacco screening rates for more than 14000 visits at clinics in New york city. Clinic patients were treated by 185 registered nurses enrolled in advanced practice degree programs at Columbia Nursing.
Tobacco-related objectives in Healthy People 2020 include screening rates of about 69 percent during office visits
#Using tobacco to thwart infectious disease? An international research group led by Arizona State university professor Qiang Shawn Chen has developed a new generation of potentially safer and more cost-effective therapeutics against West Nile virus and other pathogens.
First we wanted to show proof-of-concept demonstrating that tobacco plants can be used to manufacture large and complex MAB-based therapeutics.
Chen's group has been a pioneer in producing MABS as therapeutic candidates in plants including tobacco and lettuce plants.
To make the potential therapeutics the group is able to use young tobacco plants and a protein expression system to make
For the study MABS were produced rapidly in tobacco plants in as little as ten days giving promise to change the image of scourged product that causes lung cancer into a manufacturing system for societal benefits against infectious diseases.
and the greatest increase for women was 1. 7%per year in Mcmullen County Texas. We know what works in tobacco control.
of which communities have made progress on tobacco control and which ones are falling behind. While state-level policies may not be implemented
or enforced evenly across all jurisdictions local jurisdictions have the ability to implement their own tobacco control policies and programs.
According to the most recent figures from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study coordinated by IHME tobacco smoking was linked to 465000 deaths and 12%of total health loss in the US.
Globally tobacco led to 5. 7 million deaths and 5. 5%of total health loss.
#Policies banning tobacco displays may deter adult smoking; graphic health warning sign at point of sale might notpolices that ban tobacco product displays at point of sale may reduce adults smoking by deterring purchases though a single graphic health warning sign
at the POS may not according to a study by researchers at RTI International and Tarheel Technologies.
which tobacco products were hidden openly visible behind a cabinet or hidden with a graphic health warning sign on display. â#oetobacco ads and displays may act as cues to smoke stimulate purchases among customers who did not intend to buy cigarettes
when tobacco displays were hidden than when they were on display. The addition of a single graphic health warning sign at the point of sale did not affect smokersâ
or affect their tobacco purchases. â#oeour results suggest that policy makers should prioritize banning tobacco displays at point of saleâ#Kim said. â#oeireland Canada
and Australia have banned successfully point of sale tobacco displays but no local or state government in the United states has done so yet. â#Story Source:
He argues that new legislation such as the EU's Tobacco Products Directive gives consumers mixed and confusing messages about the role of the devices as either'healthy alternatives'that can be used to help quit smoking or as a new form of'smoking'.
At one point we could draw a fairly clear distinction between'keep smoking'devices such as cigarettes containing combustible tobacco
E-cigarettes are used both as cessation aids and as safer alternatives to combustible tobacco: ultimately it depends not on how we classify these new products
'This ambiguity has brought e-cigarettes under scrutiny from tobacco control circles who have fought to enforce restrictive legislation.
otherwise to what is a safer source of nicotine will continue to smoke combustible tobacco
This will naturally play into the hands of large tobacco corporations who will continue to dominate the market:
firstly through bolstering cigarettes as the principal device for recreational tobacco use; and secondly through introducing regulatory obstacles that are likely to put smaller e-cigarette manufacturers out of contention
--and so allow Big Tobacco to reestablish its monopoly. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Leicester.
These women are under the effect of tobacco smoke to a considerable extent because a member of the household their partner in particular smokes at home.
and Valencia are exposed to tobacco smoke. To find out about tobacco exposure researchers based themselves on urine samples collected during the medical check-up in the third trimester of pregnancy
and on the responses the women gave to a set of questions. They studied 1783 women after rejecting another 480 who had displayed signs of being smokers according to their urine samples and the results of the surveys.
Tobacco smoke has been found to have a detrimental effect on the fetus when pregnant women are under the effect of it said Juanjo Aurrekoetxea;
Passive tobacco increases the risk of miscarriage. Nevertheless the problem mainly affects the child's development;
Aware of the damage caused by tobacco smoke on the fetus and as a result of the pressures brought to bear by people close to them
Cotinine the tobacco markerin the set of questions that the women in the study responded to they were asked about the lifestyles that could be linked to tobacco for example in
what situations they found themselves under the effect of tobacco smoke. To supplement the information gathered from these questions the researchers measured the cotinine in the urine samples.
Nicotine one of the main chemical components of tobacco smoke is metabolised immediately in the liver
However as it appears in high doses in tobacco it is used usually as a marker to monitor tobacco consumption.
or urine it indicates that there has been significant consumption of tobacco or passive exposure to it explained Aurrekoetxea. 55%of the nonsmoking women admitted they had been under the effect of tobacco smoke:
38.5%declared that leisure activities were responsible above all being in bars and restaurants and 24.7%said that it had been a member of the household who was a smoker.
Therefore as Aurrekoetxea made it clear the home is the main source of exposure to tobacco smoke.
People everywhere are saying tobacco is bad and that passive exposure is also bad but people still fail to take the necessary measures not to smoke
or not to force pregnant women to breathe tobacco smoke either. As the study was carried out between 2004 and 2008 they were able to measure the effect of the law of 2006 banning smoking.
and understand the health risks of tobacco products. The study led by Dina Borzekowski Ed. D in the University of Maryland School of Public health (UMD SPH)
According to the World health organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) tobacco product packages and labeling should effectively communicate the health risks associated with tobacco use
and that the effectiveness of these health warnings and messages increases with their prominence and with the use of pictures.
In contrast to the higher awareness among children in Brazil where tobacco warning labels and large and graphic awareness and understanding of health warning labels was lowest among children from Indian and Nigeria.
Heath warning labels on cigarette packs are an important medium for communicating about the serious health effects caused by tobacco products said Dr. Cohen director of the JHSPH Institute for Global Tobacco Control.
Once the correct combination of enzymes was finalized researchers modified Nicotiana benthamiana an Australian plant that is closely related to tobacco plant.
#Research to put roll out of European tobacco control tool under the spotlightthe development of a tool that will help government officials policy makers
and data to predict the impact of tobacco control in their particular regions. The new three-year study has been awarded £157000 from Britain's Medical Research Council as part of funding earmarked to boost understanding of the impact of health-related studies on society and the economy.
and attitudes to tobacco control in the countries involved in the study she added. We will be working with stakeholders from some very well-established European countries
and others with more emerging economies--all with different legislation and outlooks on dealing with tobacco control and the potential health implications of smoking Dr Boaz said.
Experts estimate the economic cost of tobacco smoking in Europe is between â8 and â30 billion each year--just over 1 per cent of the European union's gross domestic product.
Despite a decrease in the number of tobacco smokers over the past three decades smoking still kills about 700000 people each year across the continent.
Even though China raised the tax on tobacco products in 2009 this did not translate to higher retail prices for consumers
WHO went on to publish a report in 2011 which stated that there were multiple opportunities to improve tobacco control.
Using a version of the Simsmoke Tobacco Control Policy model (a model of tobacco smoking prevalence
A high intensity tobacco control campaign would lead to a 2. 5%relative decline in smoking rates by 2015
and declines in smoking attributable deaths nearly half a million annual tobacco related deaths could be averted yearly by 2050.
#Tobacco industry claims plain packs wont work based on weak evidencetobacco companies lack strong relevant evidence to support their claims that standardized (plain) packaging of tobacco products
or promotional text is to restrict the already limited opportunities that transnational tobacco companies have to market their products
Australia adopted plain packaging for tobacco products in 2012 the same year that the Department of health in England held a public consultation on similar plans.
The Department then said it wanted to wait for more evidence of the likely impact on tobacco consumption before adopting the policy.
The researchers analyzed evidence cited in submissions made to the Department of health's consultation on plain packaging by the UK's four largest transnational tobacco companies:
Imperial Tobacco; Japan Tobacco International; Philip morris Ltd; and British american tobacco. The four companies submitted lengthy consultation responses--1521 pages in total
of which 328 comprised their main responses and 1193 provided supplementary material. In these submissions the companies rejected the conclusions of a systematic review commissioned by the Department of health that there was strong evidence that plain packaging would reduce the appeal of tobacco products and increase the prominence of health warnings.
Instead they argued that there is no evidence that plain packaging would reduce smoking prevalence or deter people from starting to smoke.
The researchers looked at the volume relevance (subject matter) and quality (as measured by independence from industry and peer review) of the evidence cited by the companies
Writing in the February 5 online issue of Tobacco Control Wael K. Al-Delaimy MD Phd professor
Almost 22 percent of these smokers consumed tobacco on a daily basis. Al-Delaimy said the phenomenon has both individual and social ramifications.
More broadly non-identification of non-identifying smokers or NIS may be negatively impacting efforts to reduce tobacco consumption by overlooking a significant segment of the affected population the researchers said.
Older NIS are likely the result of stigmatization produced by comprehensive tobacco control programs. They've become marginalized parts of society who see little advantage in identifying themselves as smokers or providing accurate reports of their smoking behavior.
and be impacted adversely by the tobacco they smoke yet they do not seek any assistance nor do they plan to quit
#New tobacco control guides developed to help communities address tobacco issuesin January of 1964 the Surgeon general released the first Report on Smoking
and Health a landmark report that linked tobacco smoke to heart disease and lung cancer and laid the foundation for tobacco control efforts in the United states
. Since then 31 Surgeon general's Reports have been released including the latest The Health Consequences of Smoking--50 Years of Progress released Jan 11.
The anniversary report specifically called for tobacco control policies to increase the price of tobacco products and implement smoke-free policies.
We must renew our efforts with the tobacco control interventions that we know work like tax increases
CPHSS in partnership with the Tobacco Control Legal Consortium a program of the Public health Law Center in St paul Minn. has published two new tobacco control guides--one on Policy Strategies
and with the announcement last week that CVS the nation's 2nd largest drugstore chain was going to stop selling all tobacco products.
CPHSS'tobacco control guides offer strategies and solutions to help communities drive down tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure.
and local tobacco control partners with practical guidance on selecting and implementing evidence-based tobacco control strategies.
CPHSS mailed printed copies of both guides to every state tobacco control manager Feb 3 and is conducting a media
and email campaign to get the word out to national tobacco control partners guide contributors and other key stakeholders in the tobacco fight.
The guides provide a one-two punch: Policy Strategies provides guidance on how to work with the media coalitions decision makers business owners
and communities to create smoke-free environments increase the cost of tobacco products and restrict access to tobacco products.
Pricing Policy focuses on how to implement policies that effectively raise the cost of tobacco products including excise tax increases non-tax price-related policies and enforcement measures.
The guides include strategies to help tobacco control proponents such as:**select and implement evidence-based tobacco control strategies;*
*learn from case studies of other practitioners'successes;**provide information to stakeholders to gain support for tobacco control efforts;
and*identify the best resources and tools to increase knowledge and capacity around the topic.
The health effects of tobacco use are said staggering principal investigator Sarah Moreland-Russell Phd assistant research professor and associate director of the CPHSS.
Even though we've been fighting this battle for over 50 years there's still a long way to go.
The Surgeon general's most recent report confirms that comprehensive tobacco control programs and policies are said effective she
These guides are designed to help communities implement evidence-based policy strategies in their communities to reduce tobacco use and exposure.
#With training, friends and family can help loved ones quit tobaccotoday one in five people in the U s. smokes tobacco.
They might want to help a loved one quit tobacco but a lot of times they don't know what to do.
and her colleagues designed both a Web-based and in-person training program for people who want to help others quit tobacco.
The trainings focused not only on facts about tobacco use says Muramoto but also how to effectively get the message across--without nagging or confrontation.
If someone has struggled not with tobacco addiction themselves they may not understand why someone can't just quit.
Researchers then recruited 898 people from the general public to test the effectiveness of the programs in motivating participants to encourage tobacco cessation in others.
The study found that more than 80 percent of participants in each group reported discussing tobacco cessation with someone who used tobacco in the previous 3 months
That speaks to their level of motivation to help loved ones quit tobacco. However the study did find that people who received either the Web-based
or in-person training were more knowledgeable about tobacco cessation and were more confident discussing it than people who only received mailings.
The routine screening of bees for frequent and rare viruses resulted in the serendipitous detection of Tobacco Ringspot Virus
The study published in the journal Pediatrics raises the possibility that measurement of tobacco exposure could be used in clinical practice to target smoking cessation efforts
To determine tobacco exposure the researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical center and Penn State Milton S. Hershey Children's Hospital measured cotinine in the blood and in saliva of more than 600 children.
when the body breaks down nicotine and provides a scientific assessment of tobacco exposure. The ability to measure serum
Such a measure for exposure to tobacco smoke could be used to target specific interventions at caregivers of those children before discharge from the hospital.
and their primary caregivers were asked about tobacco exposure. All children were followed for at least 12 months to see
The researchers found that there was no correlation between caregiver report of tobacco exposure and readmission.
and legislation tobacco use still remains an important public health issue in the United states. In 2010 25.2%of all adults and 35.6%of young adults reported current tobacco use.
While anti-tobacco efforts continue across the county the introduction of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been marketed as a less harmful alternative to cigarettes and also as a smoking cessation aid.
While the addictiveness and long-term effects of using e-cigarettes as a nicotine delivery system are unknown many people anecdotally believe that they are safer than traditional tobacco products.
because young adults are still developing their tobacco use behaviors and e-cigarettes may introduce young adults to tobacco use
or promote dual use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products. â#While the risks associated with long-term e
-cigarette use are largely unknown recent studies suggest that they can significantly increase plasma nicotine levels
since Surgeon generals tobacco warning 50 years agoa Yale study estimates that 8 million lives have been saved in the United states
as a result of anti-smoking measures that began 50 years ago this month with the groundbreaking report from the Surgeon general outlining the deadly consequences of tobacco use.
and behaviors concerning cigarettes and other forms of tobacco note the researchers. First author Theodore R. Holford professor of biostatistics and member of Yale Cancer Center and six other researchers who are part of the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Intervention
as a result of increasingly stringent tobacco-control measures that commenced with the report's Jan 11 1964 release.
what we would have seen from 2004 to 2012 in the absence of tobacco control said Holford.
Today a 40-year-old man can expect on average to live 7. 8 years longer than he would have in 1964 and 30%of that improvement can be attributed to tobacco control.
The gains for women have been slightly less 5. 4 years but tobacco control accounts for 29%of that benefit.
along with national mortality statistics and studies that followed large populations to calculate mortality rates by smoking status. This allowed them to estimate the impact of alternative scenarios for what might have occurred had the era of tobacco control never happened.
The tobacco warning was released by then-U s. Surgeon general Luther Terry. It is seen by many as a pivotal moment in American public health
and is the single largest cause of preventable death in the United states. Tobacco control has been a great success story for public health.
We have essentially cut in half the number of tobacco-related deaths each year compared to what would have occurred in the absence of this effort.
although number of smokers has increasedsince 1980 the global prevalence of daily tobacco smoking has declined by an estimated 25 percent for men
Given the importance of tobacco as a risk to health monitoring the distribution and intensity of tobacco use is critical for identifying priority areas for action
and evaluating progress. Early efforts to estimate smoking prevalence were limited based on data for many developing countries according to background information in the article.
Nationally representative sources that measured tobacco use were identified systematically. Survey data that did not report daily tobacco smoking were adjusted using the average relationship between different definitions.
The researchers found that between 1980 and 2012 the estimated prevalence of daily tobacco smoking for men declined from 41 percent to 31 percent;
for women there was a decline from 10.6 percent to 6. 2 percent. Global progress in reducing the prevalence of smokers appeared to fall into 3 phases for both men and women:
Although in several countries substantial uncertainty remains in monitoring tobacco exposure and estimating the disease burden associated with it there can be no doubt that both are large.
Policies and strategies to improve global health must include comprehensive efforts to control tobacco use as envisaged under the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
If global tobacco control is to benefit from concerted policy action population-level surveillance of tobacco use
and routinely used to evaluate the impact of tobacco control strategies the authors write. Although many countries have implemented control policies intensified tobacco control efforts are needed particularly in countries where the number of smokers is increasing.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by The JAMA Network Journals. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
#Tripling tobacco taxes worldwide would avoid 200 million tobacco deathstripling taxes on cigarettes around the world would reduce the number of smokers by one-third
A higher tax on tobacco is the single most effective intervention to lower smoking rates
Tobacco causes about 200000 deaths a year of people under 70 in Canada and the United states (120000 men and 80000 women.
while higher tobacco taxes would reduce consumption they would still generate an additional $100 billion U s a year for a total of $400 billion.
This study demonstrates that tobacco taxes are a hugely powerful lever and potentially a triple win--reducing the numbers of people who smoke
All governments can take action by regularly raising tobacco taxes above inflation and using occasional steep tax hikes starting with their next budget.
Controlling tobacco marketing is also key to helping people quit smoking. An independent review in the United kingdom concluded that plain packaging would reduce the appeal of cigarettes a switch that is expected before the next election.
which aims to enact aggressive anti-tobacco policies in regions where smoking is dangerously on the rise.
The e-cigarette scamthere's a hot new tech trend in the tobacco world, and on the Internet.
while you suck on the end (as you would tobacco). The cartridges come in different strengths,
The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, signed into law last year, gives the FDA three years to think about what to do,
Nicotine is the active ingredient in tobacco and is highly addictive. Anti-smoking activists call it as addictive as crack.
Food, Tobacco & Fermentation: 36,048 patents in 2010; up 2%from 2009. Aerospace: 32,622 patents in 2010;
LG, Matsushita and Bosch & Siemens. Food, Tobacco and Fermentation Fermentation is the hot ticket in this sector,
Turning tobacco plants into factories for cleaner pesticides For more eco-friendly pest control, scientists have modified genetically tobacco plants,
Genes that code for pheromone biosynthesis were injected into the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana via bacteria cultures (pictured.
By doing so, the team got the tobacco plants to express genes for moth pheromone production.
and tobacco have progressed as far as clinical trials â oe but their sugar patterns have been problematic too.
Meat today is the new asbestos, more murderous than tobacco, he said. Singer also argued,
HIV drug made in GM tobacco enters clinical trialstoday in London, UK regulators announced the approval of Europe's first clinical trial of an anti-HIV product produced in genetically modified tobacco plants.
Yep, tobacco. The phase I trial, carried out at the University of Surrey Clinical Research Centre,
will test the safety of the plant-produced antibody designed to stop transmission of HIV when applied directly to the vaginal cavity.
The GM tobacco plants that churned it out are grown in soil in greenhouses at the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular biology and Applied Ecology in Aachen, Germany.
The process yields 5 grams of purified antibody from 250 kg of tobacco. Advocates of this emerging field â oe called molecular farming â oe say that protein drugs could be made more efficiently and cheaply inside GM CROPS,
so a version made by tobacco plants won't see approval anytime soon. This trial is the culmination of the EU Framework 6 Pharma-Planta consortium of about 30 academic institutions and small companies.
tobacco leaf in Germany by Wertdinger via Flickr
Monsanto: Supreme court lifts ban on genetically modified seedsin a case involving agricultural giant Monsanto, the U s. Supreme court has lifted a ban on genetically modified alfalfa seeds.
Tobacco advertising was outlawed completely in Australia by 1992, after bans on radio and television in 1976.
The packs themselves are one of very few ways that tobacco companies can use to entice potential customers.
and tobacco use cost Australia more than $31 billion in one year outweighing the $5. 6 billion
or so the country receives in annual tax revenue from tobacco sales. But Australia is facing challenges from the tobacco industry, NPR reports.
saying the required images may violate tobacco companies'right to free speech, Bloomberg reports. US District Judge Richard Leon postponed the 22 september 2012 deadline for the regulations to take effect
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