Vascular plants

Dicot (3)
Flower (780)
Flowering plant (219)
Monocot (6)
Vascular plant (515)

Synopsis: Plants: Vascular plants:

act and smell like flowers oe at least if the etiquette guides of the 19th century are to be believed.

and closing solar powered sunflower umbrellas capture the sun's rays during the day and fold at night releasing stored heat in a continual cycle.

self-styled"guerilla gardeners  are planting flowers and trees in plots among the tarmac and traffic of London's highways,

The practice of biomimicry already taps into nature's ingenuity oe for example, the famous hexagonal skin of Norman Foster's Gherkin was inspired by the Venus Flower Basket sponge,

For example, needle-leaved Canadian evergreens make the most of scant sunlight and their leaf litter feeds the acidic soils that nurture networks of microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria,

wild flowers and ample time to for the bees to pollinate and produce it. Sweet bonusin East Africa there are plenty of honeybees ready to meet the growing demand.

pollinating flowers or controlling wildfires. There have never been so many areas of conservation oe national parks

A way to provide sitting out space for outdoor activities and incorporate flowers herbs, vegetables and even a few wandering weeds that slipped in.

youll look fresh as a daisy. This may be good for those early risers on Black Friday

monocotyledons (grasslike plants) and dicotyledons (plants like beans that have seed two leaves.)The researchers note that plant biologists led the way in discovering receptors that sense

lots of good food. oecity people like flowers. We have parks, we have balconies, we have roadside verges,

Every day, countless shoppers buy products made by Dole food Company, the worlds largest producer and marketer of fresh fruit, fresh vegetables and fresh-cut flowers as well as packaged and frozen foods.

Poppy, which starts at $198. Beyond that, Coach has added more bags at lower price points

The drinks often contain melatonin, valerian root and rose hips. But relaxation drinks are regulated not by the Food and Drug Administration.

Not all relaxation drinks contain melatonin or valerian though. Blue Cow, for instance, does not. Some brands have a lot of sugar;

which controls the Borden brand and 18 regional dairies selling milk under the names Flav-O-Rich, Dairy Fresh, Velda Farms, Sintons, Cream O Weber, Goldenrod

potatoes, oats, corn oil flower vegetables, Different color crops so arranged, when looking from afar it seems like God painted them on a cloth so full of gorgeous color.

In September, white color oil flowers are in bloom on the whole mountain, It is a pity they covered up the beautiful red color.

whether he could imagine earning a living by planting flowers. He says that he will soon be training with a second-division club,

and thistle flowers. Via Daily mail Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati a

#Scientists Incorporate Spiders Silk-Spinning Genes Into Goats Goats that produce spider silk protein in their milk could enable researchers to collect large quantities of the silk.

#Bees Prefer Flowers with Caffeine Bees prefer certain kinds of nectar. Also nicotine! A study conducted at the University of Haifa revealed that bees prefer nectar containing those psychoactive substances.

Flower nectar is comprised primarily of sugars, which provide energy for the potential pollinators. But the floral nectar of some plant species also includes small quantities of substances known to be toxic,

such as caffeine and nicotine Caffeine is found at concentration levels of 11-17.5 milligrams per liter, mostly in citrus flowers.

In the nectar of grapefruit flowers, however, caffeine is present in much higher concentrations, reaching 94.2 milligrams per liter The results showed that bees clearly prefer nectar containing nicotine and caffeine over the oeclean nectar.

Use coffee filters as blotting paper for pressed flowers. Place the flowers between two coffee filters and put the coffee filters in phone book..

25. Use as a disposable oesnack bowl for popcorn, chips, etc. Link-via Cynical-C Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati r

which play a large part in fertilizing our flowers and crops. Many bees, and in fact whole colonies have been dying due to an unknown factor

The treehouses at the Maravu Plantation come with king-sized beds, local flowers, and attached sun porches. Elsewhere on the resort, the staff composts

#Flowering plants May be Considerably Older Than Previously Thought A new analysis of the land plant family tree suggests that flowering plants may have lived much earlier than previously thought.

Flowering plants may be considerably older than previously thought, says a new analysis of the plant family tree.

Previous studies suggest that flowering plants, or angiosperms, first arose 140 to 190 million years ago.

Now, a paper to be published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences pushes back the age of angiosperms to 215 million years ago,

some 25 to 75 million years earlier than either the fossil record or previous molecular studies suggest. oeif you just looked at the fossil record,

you would say that angiosperms originated in the early Cretaceous or late Jurassic, said Michael Donoghue of Yale university. oemost molecular divergence times have shown that they might be older than that,

If confirmed, the study could bolster the idea that early angiosperms promoted the rise of certain insects.

Modern insects like bees and wasps rely on flowers for nectar and pollen. oethe fossil record suggests that a lot of these insect groups originated before angiosperms appeared,

said Stephen Smith of the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center. This study shifts the oldest angiosperms back farther in time towards the origin of groups like bees and flies,

the scientists say. oeif you take our dates and superimpose them on the evolutionary tree for these insect groups,

To trace the origins of flowering plants, the researchers used genetic comparisons of living plants and clues from fossils to reconstruct the relationships among more than 150 terrestrial plant species

. Though their results contradict previous age estimates for angiosperms, they support estimates for other plant groups. oemany of the dates that we get correspond really well to the known fossil record,

at least for the origin of land plants and the origin of vascular plants and seed plants, said Donoghue. oebut we got a much older date for the origin of angiosperms one thats really out of whack with the fossil record, Smith added.

is that the first flowering plants werent diverse or abundant enough to leave their mark in the fossil record. oewe would expect there to be a time lag between the time of origin

Maybe angiosperms were in that fuse state, said Donoghue. oebut its hard to imagine flowering plants would have had a big impact on the origin of major insect groups

if that were the case, he added. Another possibility, the researchers allow, is that the molecular methods may be amiss. oeif the angiosperms originated 215 million years ago,

then why dont we find them in the fossil record for almost 80 million years?

Thats one way theyre able to tell different kinds of flowers apart. But a joint project between researchers at the Universit de Toulouse and Melbournes Monash University has found that bees can be trained to distinguish flowers from human faces

and to recognize the basic configuration of human facial features in different contexts. A group of bees were shown pictures of human faces and pictures of random geometric designs,

Whats happening here isnt exactly oelearning theres no reason to think that bees know any of the salient differences between people and flowers,

like that flowers are rooted in the ground and people can walk, talk, and order pizza.

they probably think of human faces as very oddly-shaped flowers. Still, they can definitely tell one from the other,

Flower nectar is comprised primarily of sugars, which provides energy for the potential pollinators. But the floral nectar of some plant species also includes small quantities of substances known to be toxic, such as caffeine and nicotine.

while caffeine is found in citrus flowers especially those of grapefruit. In order to examine whether bees prefer the nectar containing caffeine and nicotine,

mammals and vascular plants all reach maximum diversity in Yasunã. The study is published in the open-access scientific journal PLOS ONE. oewe have documented so far 596 bird species occurring in Yasuni,

and prevent new seedlings from establishing. In this way, younger seedlings, which would be more suitable to warmer conditions,

cannot easily progress beyond the sapling state. A question closely related to environmental changes is, whether humans should help the populations to adapt?

You can create a gazebo for weddings with crystal beads and flower garlands. You can also create a canopy for a little girl s bed.

#Fukushima grows sunflowers to clean up radiation contamination A geiger counter is placed in front of sunflowers in full bloom in Fukushima.

Burning strips of paper swirled into the hot summer sky as they carry the names of the dead above a temple in Fukushima where thousands of sunflowers have been planted to help fight the omnipresent radiation.

and distributing sunflowers and other plants. We plant sunflowers, field mustard, amaranthus and cockscomb, which are believed all to absorb radiation,

#said the monk. So far we have grown at least 200,000 flowers (at this temple) and distributed many more seeds.

At least 8 million sunflowers blooming in Fukushima originated from here.##Some of the 100 volunteers helping him with his project bustled around lighting candles in preparation for Obon, a festival honoring the spirits of the dead.

Later, Buddhist chants echoed the buzz of cicadas from nearby trees as Abe burned paper inscribed with the names of the dead, a ritual in

and encouraged temple visitors to take home flowers and seeds of their own. Sunflowers were used near Chernobyl after the 1986 nuclear accident there to extract radioactive cesium from contaminated ponds nearby.

Japanese scientists are also carrying out tests to prove their usefulness in fighting radiation. HOPE FROM STAGNATION But Abe decided not to wait for the results of the tests

Weve been so busy with hundreds of locals coming to collect the flowers. It helps

Cheerful fields of sunflowers in unusual locations, such as unused paddy fields, can now be seen across the area,

I planted the sunflowers from the temple alongside other vegetables hoping they would suck up radiation,

#As more people came to collect flowers at the temple, they confided to Abe their worries about radioactive contamination of the soil in their gardens.

flowers and smaller limbs are saved for later use.##Wood is extracted#to build the concession stand.

Pressed leaves and flowers taken from the tree will be ornaments in the front glass of the kiosk.

There is also the possibility of extracting honey from poplar tree flowers, which could be something for sale on site.

On top of Chicagos City hall is a garden with wildflowers and native grasses. In the garden stand two beehives where more than 100,000 bees come

#The Chicago bees success could be due to the citys abundant and mostly pesticide-free flowers.

Many bee experts believe city bees have a leg up on country bees these days because of a longer nectar flow, with people planting flowers that bloom from spring to fall,

Fischer once worked with a company that trucked bees around the country to pollinate sunflowers in South dakota, almonds in California and other crops in other states.

Jim Mccann, 1-800-FLOWERS. COM Jim Mccann was a bartender and a social worker who was looking for a way to supplement his income

when he bought a flower shop for $10 000 in 1976. He eventually opened 13 more stores in the New york Metropolitan area,

but it wasnt until he hit upon the idea to acquire the 1-800-FLOWERS phone number in 1986 that business really bloomed.

In 1999,1-800-FLOWERS went public and added the dot-com to its name. The company,

In seconds, it returns a likely species name, high-resolution photographs and information on the trees flowers, fruit, seeds and bark.

flower beds, and maple trees, reading the various gems of wisdom as they go. Much like the hallowed halls of a library, Poetry Park will be steeped in silence,

Rose amber, frankincense, myrrh, champaca flower, Peru balsam, cistus, palisander, cananga, hyssop, and narcissus absolute.

leaving them as fresh as a daisy in minutes. It works by using ultraviolet light to sterilise the bacteria

be sure to thin the seedlings to one per cluster. Thinnings can be added to salads or sandwiches.

Alarming Decline in Bumblebees Found in U s a bumblebee gathers pollen from a sunflower. Four previously abundant species of bumblebee are close to disappearing in the United states,

Just as important#they land on a flower and they have called this behavior buzz pollination that enables them to cause pollen to fly off the flower.#

#POLLINATING TOMATOES This is the way to pollinate tomatoes, Cameron said#although smaller bees can accomplish the same effect if enough cluster on a single flower.

Several reports have documented the disappearance of bumblebees in Europe and Asia, but no one had done a large national study in The americas.

#or that one can speak of a neuroscience#of the flower? Chamovitz answered questions from Mind Matters editor Gareth Cook. 1. How did you first get interested in this topic?

Even the fact that many people substitute silk flowers for real ones, or artificial Christmas trees for a live one, is exemplary at some level of how we relate to plants.

then we can start to appreciate the very sophisticated biology going on in leaves and flowers.

Wheat seedlings remember that they ve gone through winter before they start to flower and make seeds.

just as humans don t have flowers! But you don t need neurons in order to have cell to cell communication and information storage and processing.

Leaves send signals to the tip of the shoot telling them to start making flowers.

if there could be a botany of humans, minus the flowers! Darwin, one of the great plant researchers, proposed what has become known as the root-brain#hypothesis. Darwin proposed that the tip of the root, the part that we call the meristem,

Noise from cars, machines and other forms of human activity could affect the growth of wild flowers,

Such noise may be harmful to some plants because of the longterm impact it has on animals that pollinate flowers

Hey Goldilocks! You re in the wrong movie. e..He Steampunk puppeteers gone wild...It was all fun

as Jill Wiener, an upstate cut-flower grower, told The Valley Table, You can buy from an organic farmer who s never going to lease their gas rights,

Throughout North dakota, little yellow flowers dot thousands of miles of roadsides. These canola plants, found along most major trucking routes, look harmless.

the assembled flower children were his kind of peopleand, in 1969, a potential market. A health nut already,

They say that representing Evolva s laboratory-grown flavoring as something similar to vanilla extract from an orchid plant is deceptive,

and sunflower on the ISS, but NASA is now researching how vegetables may be grown in space for consumption.

The flowers might make you a bit sick with some gastrointestinal issues. Source: The New york Botanical garden) 4.)Dropping a penny from the Empire state building won t kill someone.

Tens of thousands of workers carefully harvest the flowers, package them into attractive bouquets, and then bar-code them, before they re flown to Europe

however, is evolving to allow more small-scale flower growers to participate. In Kenya, Wilmar Agro Limited acts as an intermediary for more than 2000 small flower farmers,

whose goods it then sells at Dutch flower auctions. 3. International demand for Africa s crops is soaring Global prices for African cocoa,

cotton, and even green beans are at or near historic highs. Cocoa, the key ingredient in chocolate, commands double

Europe s surging demand for fresh vegetables and cut flowers has been a windfall for African farmers.

So, grow vegetables, flowers and plants of your choice and lead a healthy life. Via Design Buzz..

You could replace a hive of honeybees that would otherwise be working on a field of flowers.

They would be able to perform the same task of going from flower to flower picking up

When can we see Robobees pollinating flowers? Ma: With continued government funding and research we could see this thing functional in 10 to 15 years.

These little garden bots are meant to meander about your topiaries and flower pots, altering the overall aesthetic of your garden every time you lift your head.

the rye, cress and a wild plant field mustard started growing flowers. Wamelink says he was pleased especially that he was able to fertilize a few plants by hand with a brush.

and wildflowers in the area contain pesticides, and if so, how much. The 5, 000 bees are being released in the Australian island state of Tasmania.

</p><p></p><p><em>Amprophophallus titanium</em>blooms with clusters of flowers that can reach 10 feet (3 m) in height.

corpse flower. &quot;</</p><p></p><p>Gravity on the moon is a sixth of

and perform all kinds of vital roles in their environments from eating fecal matter to pollinating flowers.

htm>Dead sea scrolls Made Locally Tests Show</a p></p><p>Adam and eve were kicked out of paradise after eating the fruit from the tree of knowledge the one restriction God placed on them in Eden.</

and popular imagination as the fruit that led humankind down the path of eternal suffering and toil as mortals the fig might actually be the fruit that tempted Adam and eve.</

>.And when Adam and eve realize they&#39; re naked they attempt to hide their shame with fig leafs.</

Flowers May have existed When First Dinosaur Was born Newfound fossils hint that flowering plants arose 100 million years earlier than scientists previously thought suggesting flowers may have existed

when the first known dinosaurs roamed Earth researchers say. Flowering plants are now the dominant form of plant life on land evolving from relatives of seed-producing plants that do not flower such as conifers and cycads.

Flowering plants were the last group of plants appearing in Earth's history said Peter Hochuli a paleobotanist at the University of ZÃ rich's Paleontological Institute

and Museum and a co-author of the new study. They are an extremely successful group on

Flowering plants or angiosperms became the dominant plants about 90 million years ago when the dinosaurs still roamed the Earth.

Now scientists have unearthed ancient pollen grains with microscopic features typically seen in flowering plants. These well-preserved fossils discovered in two core samples drilled in northern Switzerland are about 245 million years old dating back to the earliest known dinosaur in the middle Triassic period.

See Images of the Earliest Known Dinosaur Our findings suggest that the origin of flowering plants is rooted much deeper than originally thought Hochuli told Livescience.

This makes them easier to find in the fossil record than comparably large and fragile leaves and flowers.

Six different types of pollen were found in the ancient samples revealing that flowering plants back then may have been considerably diverse.

and the region that is now Switzerland was much drier than the Barents sea region suggesting the flowering plants spanned a broad range of environments.

The fossil record of flowering plants is continuous dating back 140 million years. Until now the fossil record of flowering plants suggested they dominated the planet rather quickly after their earliest appearance.

This sudden appearance has bothered scientists ever since Darwin who called the origin of flowering plants an'abominable mystery'Hochuli said.

These newfound fossils reveal that flowering plants may have existed more than 100 million years longer than previously thought.

This increased span of time might help explain how flowering plants spread diversified and prevailed on land.

The ancestors of flowering plants currently remain a mystery and scientists aren't sure what kind of events or conditions might have spurred their origin.

So far no direct ancestors of flowering plants are known Hochuli said. Some groups of plants are suspected to be related closely.

But the evidence is weak and most of these groups are thought to be specialized too to be at the base of the flowering plants.

Hochuli and his colleague Susanne Feist-Burkhardt detailed their findings Oct 1 in the journal Frontiers in Plant science.

when burned and the seedlings thrive in freshly burned ash-rich soils. Give a hillside a really good torching

#Bees Get a Buzz from Flowers'Electrical Fields Everyone knows that bees buzz around flowers in their quest for nectar.

But scientists have learned now that flowers are buzzing right back with electricity. Plants generally have a negative electrical charge

And scientists have known for years that bees'flapping wings create a positive electrical charge of up to 200 volts as they flit from flower to flower according to a news release.

But can the bees detect flowers'electrical charge? While animals like sharks are known to sense electrical fields nobody had ever found that an insect could do the same Scientificamerican reports.

Half of the flowers were charged electrically and carried a sugary reward while the other half had no charge and a bitter solution of quinine.

The bees quickly learned to visit only the electrically charged flowers and to not waste their energy visiting flowers with no electrical charge.

But when the electrical charges were switched off the bees once again visited flowers randomly suggesting that they had been reacting to the electrical charges.

The 10 Weirdest Animal Discoveries Animals are just constantly surprising us as to how good their senses are Dominic Clarke lead author of the study published in journal Science told the BBC.

Bees and flowers of course co-evolved with a longstanding symbiotic relationship: The bees depend on flowers for nectar

which they use to produce honey and flowers need bees to help pollinate other flowers.

Flowers use various means to attract bees and other pollinators. In addition to their electrical charge and alluring fragrance flowers display bright colors and research has found that bees see colors three times faster than humans.

But bees busy as they famously are don't have time to waste visiting pretty flowers

whose nectar has just been taken by another insect. The last thing a flower wants is to attract a bee

and then fail to provide nectar said Daniel Robert co-author of the study in a statement.

Bees are good learners and would soon lose interest in such an unrewarding flower So flowers the researchers confirmed emit a different electrical signal after their nectar has been harvested.

They found that petunias became slightly more positively charged after a bee visited them according to Scientificamerican.

That revised electrical charge acts as a kind of No Vacancy sign to other bees which learn to trust the signals that the flowers emit.

This is a magnificent interaction where you have an animal and a plant and they both want this to go as well as possible study co-author Gregory Sutton told NPR.

The flowers are trying to make themselves look as different as possible. This is to establish the flower's brand.

How do bees sense an electrical charge? Researchers aren't sure but they suspect the fuzzy hairs on bees'bodies bristle up under an electrostatic force just like human hair in front of a television screen.

Other scientists are excited about the possible implications this research may have for other nectar-gathering insects such as hoverflies and moths.

Stars perform some of the most important work in the cosmos: they manufacture the elements heavier than hydrogen they create planets as part of their own formation

But researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular biology and Applied Ecology (IME) in MÃ nster Germany have isolated the genetic switch that tells the tobacco plant to stop growing flower and die.

and ranching operation is looking out on a deep green field of sunflower vetch corn clover buckwheat savannah grass and other crops.

-and nut-bearing trees and wind-dispersed seedlings take root instead according to a study published today (March 19) in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The seedling communities of the forest floors are really different in a hunted forest compared to a well-protected forest said study co-author Ola Olsson an ecologist

at Lund University in Sweden. In the long run that's going to make the hunted forest look quite different from

Whereas similar large trees dominated both types of forest the seedlings looked very different. Well-protected forests had many seedlings such as the bush mango that rely on primates to spread their seeds.

Many of these trees bear fruits or nuts that humans also eat. Hunted forests held seedling species that relied on wind to disperse their seeds.

In a generation that could fundamentally change the forest ecology he said. And whereas gorilla and monkey meat does provide protein for local people the fruit trees the primates maintain may be an even bigger economic benefit to people Olsson said.

It takes one million flowers to produce enough nectar for one pound of honey said Andrew Cote founder of the New york city Beekeepers Association.

We have the same amount of flowers and trees but more bees Cote said. While not everyone in New york's beekeeping community agrees the better-informed beekeepers do agree he said.

Caffeine occurs naturally in the nectar of coffee and citrus flowers. Bees that fed on caffeinated nectar were three times more likely to remember a flower's scent than bees fed sugar alone.

The findings detailed today (March 7) in the journal Science show how plants can manipulate animals'memories to improve their odds of pollination.

Remembering floral traits is difficult for bees to perform at a fast pace as they fly from flower to flower

and we have found that caffeine helps the bee remember where the flowers are study leader Geraldine Wright a neuroethologist at Newcastle University UK said in a statement.

Twice as many bees remembered the flowers'scent after three days. I think it's the first example of nature manipulating memory in an animal neuroscientist Serena Dudek of the National institutes of health who was involved not in the study told Livescience.

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