Corp. and Fourth Military Medical University in China contributed to the article. Cedars-Sinai researchers were supported by a Young Investigator Award and a Challenge Award from the Prostate Cancer Foundation research grants (P01 CA098912 and R01 CA122602) from the National institutes of health a Department of defense Idea
Award (W81xwh-11-1-0422) and from Spielberg Family Foundation. UCLA researchers were supported by a Creativity Award from the Prostate Cancer Foundation and research grants (R21 CA151159 and R33 CA157396) from the National institutes of health/National Cancer Institute Innovative Molecular Analysis
when trees became established on different types of nonforested soils across the United states. In a paper published online April 1 in the Soil science Society of America Journal they looked at lands previously used for surface mining
On a post-mining landscape the amount of soil carbon generally doubled within 20 years of mining termination
A strategy widely used to prevent pests from quickly adapting to crop-protecting toxins may fail in some cases
which is expected to reduce the ability of refuges to delay resistance. Refuges consist of standard plants that do not make Bt toxins
and thus allow survival of susceptible pests Under ideal conditions inheritance of resistance is not dominant
and the susceptible pests emerging from refuges greatly outnumber the resistant pests. If so the matings between two resistant pests needed to produce resistant offspring are unlikely.
According to Tabashnik overly optimistic assumptions have led the EPA to greatly reduce requirements for planting refuges to slow evolution of pest resistance to two-toxin Bt crops.
The new results should come as a wakeup call to consider larger refuges to push resistance further into the future Carriã re pointed out.
Our simulations tell us that with 10 percent of acreage set aside for refuges resistance evolves quite fast
and really know how much refuge area is required. Meanwhile let's not assume that the pyramid strategy is a silver bullet.
what researchers fear is the imminent extinction of this species. Saving the species requires a coordinated global effort in the countries where elephants occur all along the ivory smuggling routes and at the final destination in the Far east.
Over the course of the study black bears were captured both in the wild and at the urban interface in response to conflict complaints.
Because many captures were in response to conflicts the urban interfaces of cities and towns of the Lake Tahoe Basin were included.
and conflicts with domestic livestock contributed to the bear's local extinction in the Great Basin landscape changes due to clear-cutting of forests throughout western and central Nevada during the mining booms of the late 1800s played an important role as well.
We think combining the processes might bring us some savings. But there are always trade-offs.
#Eating more fiber may lower risk of first time strokeeating more fiber may decrease your risk of first time stroke according to new research in the American Heart Association journal Stroke.
In the new study researchers found that each seven-gram increase in total daily fiber intake was associated with a 7 percent decrease in first time stroke risk.
and especially for those with stroke risk factors like being overweight smoking and having high blood pressure said Diane Threapleton M. Sc. lead author of the study and Ph d. candidate at the University of Leeds'School of Food Science & Nutrition in Leeds united Kingdom.
Studies reported on all types of stroke with four specifically examining the risk of ischemic stroke
and accounted for other stroke risk factors like age and smoking. The results were based on total dietary fiber.
and increasing fiber may contribute to lower risk for strokes Threapleton said. We must educate consumers on the continued importance of increasing fiber intake
The force is concentrated there and that's where it starts breaking. Force on these junctions starts the cracks
and they propagate like cracks in a windshield said Vasilii Artyukhov a postdoctoral researcher at Rice
The Air force Office of Scientific research and the National Science Foundation supported the work at Rice. The National Natural science Foundation of China the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific research Program and Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information science and Technology of China supported the work at Tsinghua.
and another type of pesticide coumaphos that is used in honeybee hives to kill the Varroa mite a parasitic mite that attacks the honey bee.
Together the researchers expressed concerns about the use of pesticides that target the same area of the brain of insects and the potential risk of toxicity to non-target insects.
Moreover they said that exposure to different combinations of pesticides that act at this site may increase this risk.
Much discussion of the risks posed by the neonicotinoid insecticides has raised important questions of their suitability for use in our environment.
Together these studies highlight potential dangers to pollinators of continued exposure to pesticides that target the insect nervous system and the importance of identifying combinations of pesticides that could profoundly impact pollinator survival.
For the authors this implies a greater risk of developing overweight and obesity in children from less advantaged sociocultural groups.
Although there are medications that can compensate for the loss of female sex hormone production the drugs are recommended often not for long-term use due to the increased risk of heart disease and breast cancer.
The effects of hormone loss can range from hot flashes and vaginal dryness to infertility and increased risk of osteoporosis and heart disease.
Quinn said that a more transparent listing process would be based on a scientific process developed by the USDA known as the weed risk assessment.
but low-risk species would not be regulated Quinn said. Species for which insufficient data is available for the assessment would be placed on a'caution'list that would demand further investigation prior to release.
There isn't a lot of protection for natural areas against invasive species despite the fact that there is an executive order requiring federal agencies to prevent
Endres said no that the recommendations offer protection for the industry rather than punishment. The biggest threat to the biofuels industry is unsubstantiated accusations
whether they relate to greenhouse gas savings or individuals claiming that new biomass varieties will all be invasive species Endres said.
And to the extent that the industry has a solid regulation that governs it it creates certainty within the industry
Quinn said We want to encourage developers to commercialize only those species that will carry a low risk of invasion.
Using a whole-genome shotgun strategy and Next-generation sequencing (NGS) researchers identified a large set of gene models (34879) and abundant genetic markers with the potential to provide a valuable resource for accelerating deeper and more systematic genomic and breeding
. J. S. C. F. A d.)by the Air force Office of Scientific research (Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0418)( J. H.)by the Office of Naval Research (Grant No.
A recent study by the same research team showed that high intake of soy food was associated with a 40 percent decrease in lung cancer risk.
at twelve months after diagnosis. The risk of death decreased with increasing soy intake until the intake reached a level equivalent to about 4 oz of tofu per day.
The findings may not necessarily apply beyond this study's population which has a very low prevalence of cigarette smoking a known risk factor for the development of lung cancer
and Paul Schaberg and John Battles of the University of California Berkley Charles Driscoll of Syracuse University Timothy Fahey of Cornell University Lucie Lepine of the University of New hampshire Gene
or very loosely managed until after the Civil war when Texans rounded up the wild herds
--unless they cross somewhere they perceive as a danger zone. Weighing conservation vs. riskas we go forward with conservation plans
and the relative risk that a species is facing we need to look at those risks across its distribution not just have a one-size-fits-all for the prairie chicken's entire distribution.
The work was funded by the U s army Research Office and the Office of Naval Research through a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative grant and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship grant.
This may not seem like a lot of water savings but spread over the large acreage of sorghum grown in Kansas the more efficient use of water now compared to 1958 should have a large impact.
Dr Nelson Turyahabwe explained Food insecurity is a real problem across the world. In Uganda the families most at risk tended to have younger
or female household heads or were educated less. Large families were also at high risk of not having enough to Eat in these cases use of wetlands allows families to survive.
In designing sustainable use policies for wetlands the needs of humans also needs to be considered.
For bioenergy researchers the size of the peach genome makes it ideal to serve as a plant model for studying genes found in related genomes such as poplar one of the DOE JGI's Plant Flagship Genomes
Learn more about poplar and DOE JGI Plant Flagship Genomes at http://genome. jgi. doe. gov/programs/plants/flagship genomes. jsf.
In that case they posed little threat to the surrounding apple orchards in central Washington. But the real fear was represented that they an expansion in the range of the invasive apple maggot fly known to biologists as Rhagoletis pomonella.
so they would present no environmental threat in the event of leakagethird-generation biodieselfirst-generation biodiesel
and Technology (ICTA) and involved researchers from the Department of Marine and Oceanographic Biology of the Institute of Marine Sciences of the CSIC from the UAB spin-off Inã dit Innovaciã SL in the UAB Research
Aluminum toxicity comes close to rivaling drought as a food security threat in critical tropical food-producing regions.
and Environmental Nutrition is believed to be the first to show a decrease in food insecurity--or a lack of access to nutritional foods for at least some days or meals for members of a household--as the result of an intervention.
A total of 83 clients were recruited from emergency food pantries and low-income housing sites for the 34 week study.
Not only did study participants cut their food spending by more than half saving nearly $40 per week we also found that the reliance on a food pantry decreased as well from 68 percent at the start of the study to 54 percent demonstrating a clear decline in food insecurity Flynn says.
This gave us a preliminary look at what areas are important to consider for protecting cognition during our planning for radiation treatment.
Understanding how nutrient concentrations are changing over time in reference streams is vital for informing best management practices that are aimed at protecting water resources Argerich said.
Relationships between humans and wolves are linked often to conflicts with livestock breeding activities. Contrary to a widespread belief among western environmentalists these conflicts don't only occur only in western countries
even though their intensity often appears lower in other places. Indeed in many countries livestock breeding activities have been dealing with wolves for centuries
and rural societies have developed paths to coexistence through protection of livestock and control of wolf populations.
Now they are perceived more as a threat to the Kyrgyz's main capital in times of crisis
In this context wolves are perceived not as the main threat to their future but as an additional threat
and to an increase in the perception of conflicts even in countries where humans and wolves have coexisted continuously.
The results show that the human-wolf relationship is dynamic as well as highlighting the necessity of understanding the broader socio-economical context within which human-wildlife conflicts are embedded
Ola Olsson would like to see better protection for nature reserves and national parks and better information and education of local people in the villages.
but the protection is said insufficient Ola Olsson. The trees also have other ecosystem functions in the form of carbon sequestration and effects on nutrient cycling and retention.
and ignition of a spherical fuel capsule in an implosion much like in a diesel engine.
Sequoia is a National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) machine developed and fielded as part of NNSA's Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) program.
This is one of the first examples in translational research using an edible plant as a delivery vehicle for a new approach to cholesterol said Judith Gasson a professor of medicine and biological chemistry director of UCLA
i e. energy cost savings improved vehicle technologies and reductions in petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions exceed the additional costs of the transition over and above
it can also be introduced without major changes in fuel delivery infrastructure or vehicles. The report finds that sufficient lignocellulosic biomass could be produced by 2050 to meet the goal of an 80 percent reduction in petroleum use
Fumigation is a key defense. However the eggs are encased in cysts that can resist fumigation according to Navarre who works at the ARS Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Laboratory in Prosser Wash.
#Community approach effective in fight against diabetesnew research from Wake Forest Baptist Medical center shows that a diabetes prevention program led by community health workers is effective at reducing blood glucose
Given the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome and risk for diabetes our study shows we can provide an effective program in a community setting.
In fact smokers who relight cigarettes may be at higher risk of lung cancer and chronic bronchitis. That is something of which policy makers need to be aware he notes.
and a refuge for 11 globally-threatened bird species. They are also a vital fishing grazing and traditional rice farming resource for around 1. 1 million people.
Other birds under threat in this area include sarus cranes storks ibises and eagles. Rural communities have been left vulnerable to land-grabbing and privatisation of-communal grasslands.
In 2009 only 173 km of grassland were under some form of protection but by 2011 even these protected areas were shrinking--with 28 per cent lost to intensive cultivation.
Only a strong political commitment to protection and restoration can prevent the impending loss of the last major flooded grassland in Southeast asia.
Since 2005 intensive rice cultivation by private companies has rapidly become the most serious threat to these grasslands destroying huge areas at a very alarming rate.
and help identify new crops that might be at risk says Dr. Hannah Burrack an assistant professor of entomology at NC State
These results show for the first time that the risk of tobacco-related cancers as a group is associated with lower concentrations of Vitamin d.
Interestingly though low Vitamin d levels were connected not with risk of other cancer types. Our analyses show that the association between lower concentrations of plasma Vitamin d
and higher risk of cancer may be driven by tobacco-related cancer as a group which has not been shown before stated author Børge G. Nordestgaard MD DMSC in the paper.
This is important for future studies investigating the association between plasma Vitamin d and risk of cancer.
or more servings per day of high-fat dairy had a 64 percent higher risk of dying from any cause
and a 49 percent increased risk of dying from their breast cancer during the follow-up period said Kroenke.
While hundreds of studies have examined the role of lifestyle factors in cancer risk and prevention this study is one of a small
among these findings are that soy decreases the risk of breast cancer recurrence quality of life after diagnosis influences outcomes
Using surveillance of influenza cases in humans and birds we've come up with a technique to predict sites where these viruses could mix
and Egypt's Nile Delta are danger zones where bird flu could combine with human flu to create a virulent kind of super-flu.
That alarming finding means that three-fourths of the 18-to 25-year-old college applicants surveyed are at risk for metabolic syndrome the researcher said.
Metabolic syndrome occurs when a person has three of the following risk factors: abdominal obesity high blood pressure high blood sugar and unhealthy cholesterol and lipid levels.
Although scientists believe that dairy products guard against obesity and the health problems that accompany extra weight they aren't sure how it happens.
and were evaluated then for metabolic syndrome risk factors. The analysis controlled for sex age family history of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes and physical activity.
and decrease future disease risk she said. And in a few years when our survey participants are parents they'll be able to model good nutrition for their children.
The results of this study have important implications for rescue efforts aimed at refloating stranded whales.
Often stranded calves are refloated with the nearest mature females under the assumption that this is the mother explained Scott Baker co-author and Associate Director of the Marine Mammal Institute at Oregon State university.
Our results caution against making rescue decisions based only on this assumption. The researchers acknowledge an important remaining question:
The risk for behavioral disorders and reduced stress resilience is increased by pre-and postnatal infection
It emerged in Holland shortly after the First world war earning the name Dutch elm disease. It is the most destructive elm tree disease in North america and typically kills most trees within two years of infection.
and observed whether the bees advised the rest of their conspecifics of the danger of gathering nectar at a certain plant.
Evasive alarm pheromones provoke an escape response in insects that visit a particular flower and until now we were not sure of the role that these pheromones played in social bees.
In order to determine whether social and solitary bees responded to these olfactory alarm signals an experiment was performed using individuals from both types and from different countries:
which no attack took place. Solitary bees responded similarly in the case of flowers that had been attacked by control predators and control flowers.
This study supports the idea that the sociability of bees is linked to the evolution of warning signals.
The tobacco industry was found guilty by a federal court in 2006 for deceptively promoting'light'cigarettes as safer after countless smokers who switched to lights died prematurely thinking they had reduced their health risks.
and that their products no longer convey false impressions of reduced risk said study co-author Hillel Alpert research scientist in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences.
This will allow managers to sample soil and substrates to test for the presence of Geomyces destructans freeing up limited surveillance funds and time.
but may in fact also be a microbiological risk factor; both having consequences on public health. Story Source:
People with low dietary selenium intakes are increased at risk of suffering from a variety of diseases.
By prolonging hot and dry conditions during spring a late monsoon could also trigger more wildfires and force cities to stretch diminished water supplies.
and snowfall thus delaying the onset of the monsoon rains until enough moisture can be moved in from the oceans.
The second-latest monsoon onset was recorded in 2005 but for three years after the monsoon came earlier than average
Those droughts had major environmental and social effects Griffin said pointing out that the late-16th-century megadrought caused landscape-scale vegetation changes a 17th-century drought has been implicated in the Pueblo Revolt of 1680
In the most comprehensive assessment yet of the risk of tropical forest dieback due to climate change the results have important implications for the future evolution of tropical rainforests including the role they play in the global climate system and carbon cycle.
Although this work suggests that the risk of climate-induced damage to tropical forests will be relatively small the paper does list where the considerable uncertainties remain in defining how ecosystems respond to global warming.
but Packer said it offers the best hope for saving iconic African wildlife an undertaking that will require sweeping measures rather than piecemeal efforts.
and lions into much closer proximity the incidence of lion attacks on humans and livestock has increased substantially.
Caffeine is a defence chemical in plants and tastes bitter to many insects including bees
and consequences of threats to insect pollinators and to inform the development of appropriate mitigation strategies.
and wild flowering species. If declines are allowed to continue there is a risk to our natural biodiversity and on some crop production.
Though no studies indicate a food safety risk from genetically modified Enviropig pork meat from the Enviropig is not yet available for human consumption.
We actually found the risk of secondhand smoke exposure to be an equivalent or stronger risk factor for CAC than other well-established ones such as high cholesterol hypertension and diabetes.
After adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors people classified as having low moderate or high secondhand smoke exposure were 50 60 and 90 percent more likely to have evidence of coronary artery calcification than those who reported minimal exposure.
The root causes of sap exudation before the onset of the growing season which allow trees like maple to be tapped for sap in commercially exploitable quantities have been debated in the biology community for decades explains co-author John Stockie.
Shiv Ram Dubey and Anand Singh Jalal of GLA University in Mathura India have developed an automated image processing system that not only quickly distinguishes between oranges
In the absence of natural predators populations are continuing to expand--causing a serious threat to biodiversity as well as road traffic accidents and crop damage.
and elsewhere in Europe Increasing deer populations are a serious threat to biodiversity--particularly impacting on woodland birds such as migrant warblers and the nightingale.
According to our analysis current noxious weed laws do not provide adequate protection to prevent invasions in natural areas
This will help take the expense of noxious weed control away from taxpayers while protecting conscientious biofuels developers some of
Occasionally even if the risk assessment says a particular plant is a high risk then regulators could come to an understanding about
whether the benefits of a given plant are so high that the level of risk is acceptable.
A team led by Rice physicist Ching-Hwa Kiang found that shear forces like those found in small arteries of patients with atherosclerosis cause snippets of nonclotting VWF to change into a clot-forming shape for hours at a time.
Kiang associate professor of physics and astronomy and of bioengineering studies the forces involved in protein folding.
Kiang is a pioneer in the use of atomic force microscopes (AFM) to shed light on the fundamental physical processes involved in protein folding.
By stretching these like rubber bands her team has shown it can measure the precise physical forces that hold them in their folded shape.
In this study we did more than just measure the forces; we used those measurements to see what state the molecule was said in Kiang.
and it's stored there until the cells get signals that the vessels are in danger of injury Moake said.
The Energy Independence and Security Act requires that the United states produce 21 billion gallons of non-corn-based biofuel by 2022.
An Explosion In demand for Quick Samplingnrel had partnered previously with scientists from Oak ridge National Laboratory the University of Florida
and Gell show that engineered mutations in the police gene named Aubergine (others on the force in the experiments are called Piwi Squash
and Modifier of SD act by interfering with Aubergine or its buddies on the force but Reenan said that is among the next things his group will look into.
and form part of the protective coating on seeds. Phytoliths vary in appearance under a microscope depending on the kind of plant.
Recent surveys from Democratic Republic of congo showed a major decline of elephants in the Okapi Faunal Reserve considered the last stronghold for elephants in the region.
I call upon the international community to join us in this fight. If we do not reverse the tide fast the African elephant will be exterminated.
A drastic increase of funding and an immediate focus on the most effective protection strategies are essential to avoid future huge losses to the remaining elephant populations.
and they need protection. Unprotected roads most often associated with exploitation for timber or other natural resources push deeper and deeper into the wilderness tolling the death knell for forest elephants.
and the roads that do exist must have effective wildlife protection plans if forest elephants are to survive.
and governance as was witnessed during the 2003 SARS threat. Similar action focused on curbing ivory demand is key
although certain bumble bees are at risk other bee species in the northeastern United states persisted across a 140-year period despite expanding human populations and changing land use.
and based extensively on historical specimens from the American Museum of Natural history and nine other bee collections the study informs conservation efforts aimed at protecting native bee species
And Dr. Douglas Webb of United nations Development Program warned that tobacco use poses a major health and human development threat.
which kills off bee larvae is the largest risk factor for predicting the death of a bee colony.
We found that colonies affected by IBDS had a risk factor of 3. 2 says Dr. Dennis vanenglesdorp of the University of Maryland who was lead author on the paper.
While the study found that IBDS was the greatest risk factor a close runner-up was the occurrence of a so-called queen event.
The occurrence of a queen event had a risk factor of 3. 1. This is the first time anyone has done an epidemiological study to repeatedly evaluate the health of the same commercial honey bee colonies over the course of a season Tarpy says.
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