Maria Eugenia D'Amato from the University of the Western cape commented The delivery of unidentifiable animal carcasses to market
and large cats faced with relentless human encroachment will seek sanctuary in the sultry thickets of mangrove
and mangrove swamps as current--and possibly future--wildlife refuges Katarzyna Nowak a former postdoctoral researcher of ecology and evolutionary biology at Princeton compiled a list of 60 primates
Refuge Habitats for Primates and Felids was published in the journal Folia Primatologica. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Princeton university.
which led to an explosion of information on insect-plant relationships. Burkle said she particularly enjoyed the sleuthing needed to figure out Robertson's methods
WCS continue to sound the alarm that rampant poaching is decimating elephant populations throughout Africa
In the early 1990s before the civil war of 1996-2003 DRC was relatively calm. In a 1995-1997 survey of the OFR--a UNESCO World Heritage Site--WCS found that there were approximately 6800 forest elephants living in an area of almost 14000 km2 (8682 square miles.
After the civil war WCS carried out a second survey in 2005-2007 and found that elephants had suffered heavy losses to poaching with numbers having dropped by 60 percent to approximately 2700 elephants.
Despite this dramatic decline OFR had fared much better than did protected other areas during the civil war.
During the war park guards could not protect much of OFR but were able to document elephant kills and ivory poaching.
Since the end of the civil war five years ago park rangers have reduced the decline from approximately 400 to 170 elephants annually.
Since this last census was conducted insecurity in the OFR has become far worse. Rebels launched a deadly attack on the park headquarters in June 2012 killing park rangers
and villagers and destroying park administrative buildings and equipment. The insecurity continues across the entire Ituri landscape with many villages including Mambasa the largest and closest town being attacked dozens of people killed
and 30000 displaced. Despite these hard realities OFR remains the most important site for the conservation of forest elephants and other large mammals in DRC.
We urge the international community to support the DRC in the fight against the threat of extinction of the forest elephant.
and supports eco-guard patrols focusing their efforts through local intelligence networks and aerial surveillance and ensuring they get the backup they need from the police army and courts.
To stop trafficking WCS works with governments to detect smuggled ivory at key ports and airports at different points in the trade chain in Africa and East asia.
On both the political and technical sides WCS aims to ensure that future large ivory shipments are sampled for their DNA to allow the point of origin of the ivory to be determined thereby facilitating increased protection of those populations.
A weapon in the fight against kidney disease caused by high-fat dietsnew insight into grape seed extract as a therapeutic and preventative measure to fight obesity-induced kidney damage is presented in a new study.
#Improving climate protection in the agricultural sectoragriculture is responsible for around ten to twelve percent of all greenhouse gases attributable to human activities.
The study is financed by Germany's Federal Ministry of Food Agriculture and Consumer Protection and by the Federal Program for Organic agriculture and Other Forms of Sustainable agriculture (Bundesprogramm Ãologischer Landbau und andere Formen
Ceramics are used in a wide variety of technologies including body armor fuel cells spark plugs nuclear rods and superconductors.
and it is becoming increasingly important as we face global threats like climate change. As we strive to find a healthy balance between conservation
although the researchers speculate that hairy bumblebees bristle up under the electrostatic force just like one's hair in front of an old television screen.
The synthesis distilled important findings from recent studies about how to make systems more resilient to stressors such as changes in climate introduced species and risk of uncharacteristically large and severe wildfires.
#Modifying infants diet may reduce celiac disease risk, Swedish study suggestsceliac disease is much more common in Sweden than in the rest of Europe
It is shown also that the risk of developing the disease can be reduced when the child is breastfed
and in the United states. We now have proven this way of introducing gluten reduces the risk of getting celiac disease says Dr. Anneli Ivarsson.
It is shown also that the risk of developing the disease can be reduced when the child is breastfed
and in the United states. The researcher team led Dr. Anneli Ivarsson at the Department of public health and Clinical Medicine speculate that there may be a window of opportunity in which an infanwe now have proven this way of introducing gluten reduces the risk of getting celiac disease says Dr
Amanda Padovan who led this project explained The main defence against predation of Eucalyptus is a cocktail of terpene oils including monoterpenes sesquiterpenes and FPCS
While this loss of control probably has a high evolutionary cost it allows the tree to survive the insect-plant war.
There are a lot of things that feed into the same model of resistant starch as a cancer-protective agent Higgins says.
But potential cost savings are eliminated under current regulations set up for GM agricultural crops not pharmaceuticals.
Importantly said Beavers older adults who gained the most thigh fat and lost the most thigh muscle were at greatest risk of experiencing a clinically meaningful decline in walking speed.
and fungi potential threats to their crops these microbes can help wild plants adapt to extreme conditions according to a Penn State virologist.
in addition to avoiding possible conflicts over scare resources said Marilyn Roossinck professor of plant pathology and environmental microbiology and biology.
It's a security issue Roossinck said. The amount of arable land is shrinking as cities are growing
and food shortages can lead to unrest and wars. Population growth makes this research important as well Roossinck added.
Their work has prompted more CPR training in at-risk communities. Rice statisticians Katherine Ensor and Loren Raun announced their findings February 18 at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) conference in Boston.
and more than 11000 concurrent out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) logged by Houston Emergency Medical Services (EMS).
The researchers found that a daily average increase in particulate matter of 6 micrograms per day over two days raised the risk of OHCA by 4. 6 percent with particular impact on those with preexisting (and not necessarily cardiac-related
Peak-time risks from both pollutants rose as high as 4. 6 percent. Relative risks were higher for men African-americans and people over 65.
For the study OHCA events were defined as cases where EMS personnel performed chest compressions. Ensor and Raun noted the patients died in more than 90 percent of the cases
We'd like to contribute to a refined warning system for at-risk individuals. Blanket warnings about air quality may not be good enough.
one lightly stamped another with medium force and the final stamped heavily. The preliminary indication is stamped that these decoys were 40 percent better than recently dead females in luring
#Avoiding virus dangers in domesticating wild plants for biofuel usein our ongoing quest for alternative energy sources researchers are looking more to plants that grow in the wild for use in biofuels plants such as switchgrass.
Although the potential for CO2 sequestration in the ocean is associated large the risks to the marine environment need to be assessed adequately the authors concluded.
when executed and timed properly reduces the risk and impact of late dry season bushfires in increasingly fragile ecosystems both
or succumb later from lack of food and shelter or increased predation. In Australia for instance the koala is especially vulnerable to wildfires that consume the tree canopy as the animals are slow-moving
which they could shelter. In Senegal the lack of equipment and qualified human resources for firefighting make late-season fires an especially large threat.
But the outcomes of this study--especially the ability to reliably predict fire rate of spread
#Californias Tobacco Control Program generates huge health care savings, study showsover a span of nearly 20 years California's tobacco control program cost $2. 4 billion and reduced health care costs by $134 billion according to a new study by UC San francisco (UCSF).
and cigarette consumption per smoker--and generates significant savings in overall health care expenditures. These health care cost savings began to appear almost immediately after the program started
and have grown over time reaching more than $25 billion a year in 2008 said first author James Lightwood Phd a UCSF associate professor of clinical pharmacy.
The reduction in smoking prevalence accounted for 36 percent of the health care cost savings with the rest due to less consumption among continuing smokers.
Some health experts regard mycotoxins as the most serious chronic dietary risk factor greater than the potential health threats from pesticides and insecticides.
Guatemala recently joined Honduras and Costa rica in declaring national emergencies over the disease. The Guatemalan president said the outbreak could cut coffee production by 40 percent in his country for the 2013-2014 growing season.
which attacks leaves and interferes with their ability to photosynthesize. Thirty percent of the trees have no leaves at all
They all say that it's the worst explosion of this disease they've ever seen said Vandermeer a professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and at SNRE.
Forests store about 45 percent of the carbon found on land remarked William. Widespread tree death can radically transform ecosystems affecting biodiversity posing fire risks
The team studied 19th century maps from English Heritage archives comparing them with aerial photographs taken during WORLD WAR II by the Royal air force as well as more modern day Google earth images.
Some more recent objects have connections to the war years. The team expected several small metal garden tags they discovered to bear the names of plants.
and Mabel Gower--perhaps they worked the allotments that were on the site during WORLD WAR II.
The zinc then interacts with a process that is vital to the fight against infection and by doing
because your defense system is amplified and inappropriately so. The benefit to health is explicit: Zinc is beneficial
In experiments using human monocytes--cells involved in the first line of defense against an invading pathogen--the researchers examined
and he mentioned that 93.5 million years ago there was a mass extinction of deepwater organisms that coincided with a global marine anoxic event--that is the deep oceans became starved of oxygen Lee said.
Lee spent an entire year pouring through WORLD WAR II mining surveys from the western U s. and Canada for example.
and shows too that RNA silencing is an important battleground during infection by pathogens across kingdoms.
RNA silencing has also been implicated in antibacterial plant defense. The discovery by Ma's lab is the first to show that RNA silencing regulates plant defense against eukaryotic pathogens.
Phytophthora effectors have a motif or signature--a specific protein code--that allows the proteins to be delivered into host cells Ma said.
In recent years several prominent summits on ecological concerns have identified biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems as a major sustainability issue with implications for food security conservation health and well-being and adaptation
#Breast milk reduces risk of sepsis and intensive care costs in very-low-birth-weight infantsfeeding human breast milk to very-low-birth-weight infants greatly reduces risk for sepsis
and significantly lowers associated neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) costs according to a study by Rush University Medical center researchers.
The research which was led by Dr. Aloka L. Patel is the first report of an economic impact of an average daily dose of human milk for days 1 to 28 of life on risk of infection
Late-onset sepsis commonly occurs in about 22 percent of very-low-birth-weight babies the United states
The substantial NICU hospital cost savings associated with increased dosages of human milk are likely to offset the maternal and institutional costs of providing
Speaking in a cabinet meeting the president urgently called for a strong coordinated and decisive response to this national emergency from all of the security and wildlife management services.
Over the last three years we have deployed 400 additional parks staff 120 soldiers and 30 gendarmes in our fight to stop illegal killing of elephants for the black market ivory trade.
That's how University of Guelph integrative biologists might recast a line from an iconic folk tune for their new research paper warning about the perils of ecosystem breakdown.
'Our study indicates that the risk is low if climate change is associated with increased plant growth under elevated carbon dioxide.
#Smoking marijuana associated with higher stroke risk in young adultsmarijuana the most widely used illicit drug may double stroke risk in young adults according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke
This is the first case-controlled study to show a possible link to the increased risk of stroke from cannabis said P. Alan Barber Ph d. M d. study lead investigator and professor of clinical neurology at the University of Auckland
Researchers found no differences in age stroke mechanism or most vascular risk factors between marijuana users and non-users.
These patients usually had no other vascular risk factors apart from tobacco alcohol and other drug usage.
This may prove difficult given the risks of bias and ethical strictures of studying the use of an illegal substance he said.
The increased use of pesticides in agriculture puts these species in danger. The author Dr. Somsak Panha from the Animal Systematics Research Unit Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok Thailand comments:
But besides merely protecting against these losses the Bt trait has boosted also corn yields in some cases beyond normal expectations.
#Pest uses plant hairs for protection: Trichomes save insect from beetle predationeveryone needs to eat.
To cope with this vicious reality a tiny insect that eats plants has learned to employ the plant's hairs for physical protection from its beetle predator.
A well-studied practice by some specialist insects is their predilection to consume these plant poisons sequester those poisons into parts of their body then exploit the poisons for their own protection.
which when used in nanoparticles might pose a real threat. says Hiram Castillo. Our results have shown also that Ceo2 nanoparticles can be taken up by food crops when present in the soil.
#Exposure to pesticides in food, air and water increases risk of type 2 diabetes, study findsa study led by the University of Granada reveals that there is a direct relationship between the presence of Persistent Organic Pollutants
In addition the risk of type 2 diabetes is associated also with exposure to Î-HCH (beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane)
According to professor Arrebola the mechanism of action by which COPS increases the risk of diabetes is still unknown.
The findings published online this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences show that grooming helps insects maintain acute olfactory senses that are responsible for a host of functions including finding food sensing danger and even
That method of insecticide delivery could be more effective than relying on residual insecticides to penetrate the thick cuticle for instance.
Brennan who works at the ARS Crop Improvement and Protection Research Unit in Salinas has published some his findings in Agronomy Journal and Applied Soil Ecology.
Refuge for the sixth consecutive year. During the morning hours on Sunday Feb 3 the chick was observed pipping its way into the world by U s. Fish
when she was incubating an egg in the same area of the refuge. She was at least five years old at the time.
and Wildlife Service superintendent for the Papahä naumokuä kea Marine National monument (Monument) which includes Midway Atoll NWR.
Staff and volunteers stationed on Midway are responsible for monitoring the health of the beautiful seabirds that arrive every year by the hundreds of thousands to nest.
Sue Schulmeister manager of the Midway Atoll NWR said Wisdom is one is one of those incredible seabirds that has provided the world valuable information about the longevity of these beautiful creatures
Present threats to the birds include lead poisoning of chicks on Midway from lead paint used in previous decades;
so have no defenses against them. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by USGS. Note:
and can double the risk of death in calves aged up to five new research from the University of Sheffield has found.
It is hoped this research--which was published in the journal Ecology--will make a difference by highlighting the importance of protecting vulnerable calves in captivity from the effects of climate changeexperts at the University of Sheffield accessed unique recordings of the life
It also highlights the importance of protecting vulnerable calves from extremes of temperature because more calves will be needed to maintain the dwindling population of endangered Asian elephants.
Research like this supports the idea that proper nutrition can help combat osteoporosis and fractures.
Osteoporosis is considered a major public health threat for an estimated 44 million Americans or half of those aged 50 and older.#¢
Women are at higher risk than men.#¢#¢Another 34 million Americans have low bone density putting them at increased risk for osteoporosis and fractures especially of the hip spine and wrist.
About one-quarter of those who suffer a hip fracture die within a year of the injury.#¢
Less protective dikesmore than three quarters of Guyana's 450 km of coastline along the Atlantic are diked currently up.
However these dikes do not provide the same level of protection as mangroves against the swell which is the main cause of erosion.
Thus they could assess the high risk of destabilisation of the coastline due to the reduction in mangroves.
The only means of protection consists of rebuilding the mangroves. This assessment will enable the Guyana government to specify the measures for action that should be implemented to help the mangroves recolonise the coastline.
Despite some terrestrial protections that are high by global standards this paper shows key gaps in protection for the Amazon's freshwater systems
Restoration can be far costlier than proactive protection cautioned Abell. The principal threat to most Amazon freshwater ecosystems is large-scale alteration of the basin's natural hydrology.
There are a total of 154 hydroelectric dams in operation 21 in construction and plans to construct 277 additional dams in the future.
Adequate protection of Amazon freshwater ecosystems requires broadening the forest-centric focus of prevailing environmental management
and cooler sequestering carbon protecting biodiversity and air quality and preventing soil erosion. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Biomed Central Limited.
even though cob residues did slightly delay the onset of runoff sediment loss rates were affected not significantly by the presence or absence of the cobs.
and used for bioenergy feedstock without significantly interfering with the role of crop residues in protecting soils.
As a result these parks are unlikely to protect such a wide-ranging species against threats in the wider landscape.
Such'restaurants'could be used in future to attract vultures to areas away from sites where they are at high risk of poisoning.
Modern farming practices mean that vultures face an increasing risk of fatal poisoning. The provision of an uncontaminated supply of food research into veterinary practices and education for farmers could all be part of a future solution
and make delivery to refineries much more economical. Milling feedstocks into flour or pellets is an effective process for large-scale energy densification
The ability to literally walk out the door to work on tree defenses against pests like the gypsy moth coupled with an abundance of undergraduate talent makes the U-M campus an ideal location for studies in insect chemical ecology Barbehenn said.
The EU ETS is the biggest international system for trading GHG emission allowances and a cornerstone of the EU's policy to combat climate change.
or delay the onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The study published by Wiley in Annals of Neurology a journal of the American Neurological Association
and Vitamin c did not reduce ALS risk. Carotenoids give fruits and vegetables their bright orange red or yellow colors and are a source of dietary Vitamin a.
Further studies have shown that individuals with high intake of antioxidants such as Vitamin e have reduced a ALS risk.
Because Vitamin c or carotenoids are also antioxidants researchers examined their relation to ALS risk. According to the National Institutes of Neurological disorders and Stroke (NINDS) roughly 20000 to 30000 Americans have known ALS#lso as Lou gehrig s disease#nd another 5000 patients are diagnosed annually with the disease.
ALS is a progressive neurological disease that attacks nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord which control voluntary muscles.
The team found that a greater total carotenoid intake was linked to reduced risk of ALS.
Furthermore subjects with diets high in beta-carotene and lutein#ound in dark green vegetables#ad a lower risk ALS risk.
and Vitamin c reduced the risk of ALS. Long-term Vitamin c supplement intake was associated also not with lower ALS risk.
Dr. Ascherio concludes#oeour findings suggest that consuming carotenoid-rich foods may help prevent or delay the onset of ALS.
Further food-based analyses are needed to examine the impact of dietary nutrients on ALS.##Story Source:
so that we can witness an increase in the population as public and private groups collaborate to institute measures to protect them from various threats he said.
) This research was supported by the U s. Air force Office of Scientific research Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative by the UK Engineering and Physical sciences Research Council and through a postdoctoral research fellowship from the Alexander Von humboldt Foundation.
#Eating deep-fried food linked to increased risk of prostate cancerregular consumption of deep-fried foods such as French fries fried chicken
and doughnuts is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and the effect appears to be slightly stronger with regard to more aggressive forms of the disease according to a study by investigators at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research center.
While previous studies have suggested that eating foods made with high-heat cooking methods such as grilled meats may increase the risk of prostate cancer this is the first study to examine the addition of deep frying to the equation.
Eating more than once a week may raise risk Specifically Stanford co-director of the Hutchinson Center's Program in Prostate Cancer Research
and/or doughnuts at least once a week were increased at an risk of prostate cancer as compared to men who said they ate such foods less than once a month.
or more of these foods at least weekly had increased an risk of prostate cancer that ranged from 30 to 37 percent.
Weekly consumption of these foods was associated also with a slightly greater risk of more aggressive prostate cancer.
when calculating the association between eating deep-fried foods and prostate cancer risk. The link between prostate cancer and select deep-fried foods appeared to be limited to the highest level of consumption--defined in our study as more than once a week--which suggests that regular consumption of deep-fried foods confers particular risk for developing prostate
cancer Stanford said. Deep frying may trigger formation of carcinogens in food Possible mechanisms behind the increased cancer risk Stanford hypothesizes include the fact that
when oil is heated to temperatures suitable for deep frying potentially carcinogenic compounds can form in the fried food.
and risk of prostate cancer Stanford said. However deep-fried foods have previously been linked to cancers of the breast lung pancreas head and neck and esophagus.
Scientists say that these early findings will contribute to the further development of confectionaries gums and other delivery devices for the prevention and possibly the treatment of conditions such as periodontal disease and oral cancers.
Increased intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with decreased risk of some chronic diseases. An understanding of the metabolism of these compounds and the relative activities of the compounds in the consumed fruit and their metabolic products is needed to make scientifically sound dietary recommendations
and to develop effective delivery vehicles for the mouth Failla said. The research is published in a recent issue of the journal Food Chemistry.
Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA. Sequoia once topped list of the world's most powerful supercomputers boasting 1572864 compute cores (processors)
For ground crews even for those wearing the most advanced hearing protection available this creates an acoustically hazardous environment.
This will help chickpea farmers become more resilient to emerging challenges brought about by the threat of climate change.
In the face of the growing global hunger and poverty amid the threat of climate change the chickpea genome sequence will facilitate the development of superior varieties that will generate more income
and cause heart disease while those rich in omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids may reduce the risk of heart disease studies have shown.
S. Department of agriculture (USDA) scientists in Fort Pierce Fla. are helping citrus growers and juice processors address the threat posed by Huanglongbing (HLB) a disease that is costing the citrus industry millions of dollars each year.
Citrus trees infected with HLB also called citrus greening usually die within five to 10 years.
Supervisory horticulturalist Elizabeth Baldwin with USDA's Agricultural research service (ARS) in Fort Pierce is investigating the effects of HLB on the taste of orange juice produced from diseased trees.
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