#Vines choke a forests ability to capture carbontropical forests are a sometimes-underappreciated asset in the battle against climate change.
Scientists have assumed that the battle for carbon is a zero-sum game in which the loss of carbon from one plant is balanced by the gain of carbon by another.
According to the authors of a study published in the March 2014 issue of Hortscience the future of sweet cherry crops may be at risk in Australia.
whether a resource already available at the MGH might help expand options for protecting burned areas following removal of damaged skin.
A high-quality alternative to deceased-donor skin that could be produced from a specially maintained pathogen-free herd of Galt-knockout miniature swine would be an important resource for burn management in both civilian and military settings.
We know that these other pollutants contribute to increased risk of premature death and heart attacks as well as increased incidence and severity of asthma and other health effects.
Treatment reduces the risk of low probability but highly damaging events much like an insurance policy or mitigation of natural disasters.
For their risk analysis Leung and colleagues drew on a study of the Effectiveness of the International Phytosanitary Standard ISPM No. 15 on reducing wood borer infestation rates in wood packaging material entering
The researchers Johnson's army of undergraduates image children's trays when they leave the line
We were one of the first to sound this alarm she says showing that when kids don't have milk at lunch they don't come close to meeting their dietary needs
and his team have been looking at the steps needed to unlock the sugars tied up in the tough straw structure In particular they have looked at the pre-treatment stage focusing on steam explosion
and duration of steam explosion and then used a variety of physical and biochemical techniques to characterise
and chicken as well as fruit whole grains and vegetables had significantly lower risk of preterm birth.
Diet is an important risk factor that can be modified. It is never too late to make a positive change.
#Protective milk shot: How mothers milk protects piglets from parasite infectionsantibodies against C. suis are transferred via the sow's very first milk to the piglets immediately after birth.
These immunoglobulins are not just in the bloodstream they are primarily found on the surface of the mucous membranes including the intestines where they serve as a defence against pathogens.
Protective milk as the basis for a vaccineresearchers found particularly high concentrations of Iga in the very first milk known as colostrum a highly nutritious milk all mammals ingest during the first days of life.
The reaction zips the atoms into a matrix characteristic of diamond until pressure forces the process to halt.
#Low-carb vegan diet may reduce heart disease risk, weightresearchers at St michael's Hospital have shown for the first time that
in addition to weight loss a specific low-carbohydrate diet may also reduce the risk of heart disease by 10 per cent over 10 years.
and oils may reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering bad cholesterol. We killed two birds with one stone
--or rather with one diet explained lead author Dr. David Jenkins who is director of the Clinical Nutrition and Risk Modification Centre of St michael's Hospital and a Nutritional Sciences professor at the University of Toronto.
American participants in the Behavioral Risk Factor Survey reported in 2012 that they were exercising on average four minutes more a day than reported in 2003.
and sun increasing the risk of wildfires spreading inside the forest. The combination of selective logging and wildfires damages turns primary forests into a thick scrub full of smaller trees and vines which stores 40%less carbon than undisturbed forests.
Even greater savings could result if compost is used on campus grounds and agricultural areas as a soil amendment.
Its apparent dependence on cloud forest habitat means deforestation is a threat. Kaweesak's Dragon tree:
This species also produces a sheetlike extracellular matrix that may function as protection from drought.
Although its host is known not yet like other fairyflies it presumably has a life span of not more than a few days and attacks the eggs of other insects.
if you can induce these kinds of flows on the boundaries of a floating object you can generate forces.
Peacock's first study of the concept about four years ago focused on slow flows caused by diffusion--work that demonstrated that induced boundary flows can generate small propulsive forces.
and the resulting forces are perhaps too small to be exploited. I always thought and expected that the equivalent flows you could generate by selective heating
The changed density of the fluid generates a flow over the surface Peacock says adding That flow then creates unbalanced forces with lower pressure on one side
Diet is a potentially modifiable risk factor in the development and progression of many diseases and there is evidence that diet plays a role in both the development
Based on these results and the results of other studies indicating a link between COPD and diet the role of diet as a possible modifiable risk factor in COPD warrants continued investigation she added.
The study examined 4526 individuals from the Coronary artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA.
Cook-Mills had done previous allergy research in mice showing alpha-tocopherol decreased lung inflammation protecting healthy lung function and gamma-tocopherol increased lung
At the Comprehensive Transplant Center we have a commitment to include care for the very sickest high risk patients in need of a lifesaving organ transplant.
Antibodies are protein molecules that are an important part of the body's immune defense system but can cause rejection of a transplanted organ.
Stanley C. Jordan MD director of Kidney Transplantation and Transplant Immunology is a prominent pioneer in designing treatment approaches that have significantly reduce the amount of antibodies thereby reducing the risk of organ rejection.
From piecing together thousands of years of climate data preserved in ice cores around the world Thompson has learned that periods of extended drought correspond with major world crises--famine disease and war.
when they were aware of the health dangers associated with hookah tobacco smoking at baseline still went on to use a hookah for the first time said lead author Jaime Sidani Ph d. M p h. senior research specialist in the Program for Research on Media
There must be particularly strong regulating forces at work. However in his view this rather discredits the generally popular termite theory.
and implement resistance management strategies such as providing refuges of standard cotton plants that do not produce Bt proteins and releasing sterile pink bollworm moths.
Planting refuges near Bt crops allows susceptible insects to survive and reproduce and thus reduces the chances that two resistant insects will mate with each other
Thus the study concludes that the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet combining unsaturated fats
and reduced the risk of death. Pirfenidone was developed by Intermune Inc . and in 2011 was approved by the European union for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
but during the study the risk of death was reduced by a remarkable 48 percent in those taking the drug
Numerous studies have shown that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risks and effects of cardiovascular disease and may have other health benefits.
This has led to the somewhat controversial hypothesis that the omega-6/omega-3 ratio is an important contributor to the risk of cardiovascular disease cancer and inflammatory disorders.
They showed that traditional cheeses have unrivalled advantages in terms of both their diversity and their gustatory richness but also regarding their protection against pathogenic agents.
Limited health risksproducers of raw milk cheeses need to manage their associated health risks. The research team showed that the microbial combinations present in traditional cheeses were able to to protect them--both in the paste and on the surface--from dangerous pathogens notably Listeria monocytogenes.
Because of the risk of disease transmission between species when dead or sick animals are discovered by hunters
Threat to domestic animalsin The alps chamois are frequently in close contact with domestic animals such as cattle and sheep that graze in the pastures.
This puts farm animals as well as wildlife population at risk for interspecies transmission of infections. Close cooperation with hunters and foresters is essential to ensure that any outbreaks are detected as soon as possible.
It is then possible to put emergency measures in place including increased monitoring of the animals
and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in their urine and this may increase their risk for cancer
and is therefore not without risk particularly among children and youths. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Association for Cancer Research (AACR.
That's what Assistant professor of Biology Daniel Bunker and Phd candidate Caroline Devan intend to determine with the help of a $150000 grant from the National Science Foundation.
According to Bunker and Devan the consequences could be dire if this relationship unravels as a result of global climate change consequences that include poor crop pollination and lower yields.
and to work with Bunker who is interested also very much in researching the ecological interdependence between plants and other organisms.
and Bunker to integrate their data into the network's larger ecological picture. We realized that Morristown could give us a really nice model system for looking at how bees
and plants might respond differently to the effects of climate change Bunker says. He explains that the primary experimental focus is on the bees
The initial phase of the program that Bunker and Devan have initiated with the help of other NJIT colleagues
This too presents a potential threat. It may give flies wasps and other predators greater opportunities to attack undefended eggs and larvae.
As a result it may be necessary to devise new strategies for protecting and managing these vital pollinators.
The data that Bunker and Devan anticipate collecting over the next few years could confirm a disturbing possibility--that the critical relationship between temperature-sensitive bees
and the plants they pollinate is in danger. Yet they may find that pollinators such as the bees at Morristown can adapt in ways that do not seriously undermine their role in pollination and by implication in agricultural production.
#Many smokers still surprised by facts about tobaccos dangersa new study in the American Journal of Preventive medicine finds that many smokers still find accurate and detailed facts about the dangers of tobacco both new and motivating
He added that smokers indicate that receiving factual corrective information about the dangers of smoking motivates them to quit;
The International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) is a set of standards developed by the International Plant Protection Convention stipulating how wood packaging material used for international trade such as pallets
Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is a risk factor for adverse physical and mental outcomes in children.
Growing evidence suggests that smoking during pregnancy may increase the risk of psychopathology such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD.
We have to get a handle on methane or increasingly risk global catastrophe. â#Howarthâ##s study â#oea Bridge to Nowhere:
The findings are published in a special issue of Environmental science and Technology Understanding the Risks of Unconventional Shale Gas Development.
and shelter are deprived of that habitat. â#oethis can have cascading effects through the food chainâ#said Bill Overholt an entomology professor at UFÂ##s Indian River Research and Education Center in Fort
and you get big changes such as the explosion of mountain pine beetle populations that strongly affect forests
#Dangerous nitrogen pollution could be halvedthe most important fertilizer for producing food is at the same time one of the most important risks for human health:
A package of mitigation actions can reverse this trend yet the risk remains that nitrogen pollution still exceeds safe environmental thresholds.
Only combined mitigation efforts both in food production and consumption could substantially reduce the risks the study shows.
#Corn dwarfed by temperature dip suitable for growing in mines, caveslowering temperatures for two hours each day reduces the height of corn without affecting its seed yield a Purdue study shows a technique that could be used to grow crops in controlled-environment facilities in caves and former mines.
Raising the crops in isolated and enclosed environments would help prevent genetically modified pollen and seed from escaping into the ecosystem and crossing with wild plants.
and yellow and blue high-intensity discharge lamps in a former limestone mine in Marengo Indiana to test how corn would react to an environment in
This is a technique you could easily do in a mine or cave Mitchell said. It is an affordable non-chemical means of taking genetically modified crops to harvest maturity without getting any kind of pollen or seed into the ecosystem.
He said that former mines could be prime locations to grow high-value transgenic plants
The high levels of carbon dioxide in mines also promote plant growth. Productivity in a controlled environment is superior to that in the field
#Citrus greening affects roots before leavesalthough citrus greening enters trees through their leaves University of Florida researchers have discovered that the deadly disease attacks roots long before the leaves show signs of damage--a finding that may help
Experts say this research is significant in the fight against greening. Based on the work of Dr. Johnson and his colleagues we now know how important roots are in the development of greening disease said Jackie Burns director of the CREC.
While the cattle egret is not currently a threat to native fauna in Brazil throughout most of its geographic distribution it has the potential to produce adverse effects as evidenced by its occupation of island environments.
and vegetables may reduce the risk of stroke worldwide according to new research in the American Heart Association's journal Stroke.
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 20 studies published over the last 19 years to assess the effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on risk of stroke globally.
#Threats seen to 3 billion birds in vast Canadian forestindustrial encroachment in North america's 1. 5 billion-acre boreal forest could endanger billions of birds
and other species. A new report calls for saving half of boreal forest acreage to protect the habitat for more than 300 migratory bird species. The northern landscape is beset with oil gas mining
Southern boreal forests have already been affected by oil and gas mining forest product industries hydropower and roads and infrastructure.
#But there is a higher risk of injury involved when someone is radiated a second time which is why other cancer treatment center programs might be reluctant to adopt the practice he said. â#oethis is a fairly niche effort in lung cancer care
so that maybe they can take risks they werenâ##t willing to take before. Eventually this practice will become more widespread. â#Story Source:
and snails to better understand which organs are at risk. It turns out that for some pesticides the distribution in the body matters a lot
But what makes some species more at risk than others? Is it the differences in the nervous system and the target receptors?
and snails to better understand which organs are at risk. It turns out that for some pesticides the distribution in the body matters a lot
But what makes some species more at risk than others? Is it the differences in the nervous system and the target receptors?
This study describes the development of a novel thermogelling hydrogel for stem cell delivery that can be injected into skeletal defects to induce bone regeneration
and key sectors of the U s. economy and society underscoring the need to combat the threats climate change presents
There are also increased risks associated with extreme events such as hurricanes. NCA Highlights: Southeast & Caribbean;
The Northwest's economy infrastructure natural systems public health and agriculture sectors all face important climate change related risks.
Increasingly constrained freshwater supplies coupled with increased temperatures stress both people and ecosystems and decrease food and water security.
and well-being in many ways including through impacts from increased extreme weather events wildfire decreased air quality threats to mental health
Some of these health impacts are already underway in the United states. Climate change will absent other changes amplify some of the existing health threats the Nation now faces.
Sea level rise coupled with storm surge will continue to increase the risk of major coastal impacts on transportation infrastructure including both temporary and permanent flooding of airports ports
and delivery facilities causing supply disruptions of varying lengths and magnitudes and affecting other infrastructure that depends on energy supply.
Depending on the character of changes in the energy mix climate change will introduce new risks as well as new opportunities.
and livestock across the country--a trend that could diminish the security of our food supplyâ#Climate change effects on agriculture will have consequences for food security both in the U s. and globally through changes in crop yields and food prices and effects on food processing
Climate change impacts on biodiversity are already being observed in alteration of the timing of critical biological events such as spring bud burst and substantial range shifts of many species. In the longer term there is an increased risk
and productivity of many marine species. The rising temperature and changing chemistry of ocean water combine with other stresses such as overfishing and coastal and marine pollution to alter marine-based food production
A new study from Northwestern Medicineâ and Northeastern Illinois University found that the majority of college students are engaging in unhealthy behaviors that could increase their risk of cancer later on.
Racial minority students could be at an even greater risk especially African americans and Native americans. A shocking 95 percent of college students fail to eat the recommended amount of fruit
or more days of vigorous exercise for at least 20 minutes or five or more days of moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes a week Changing unhealthy behaviors in college students now could be a way to reduce the risk of cancer as well as other
Published online May 5 in the journal Preventive medicine the study is the first to evaluate cancer risk behaviors
Understanding cancer risk behavior clustering by race and ethnicity is given critical that the number of new cases is projected to increase by 45 percent by 2030
There are major cancer disparities both in terms of risk morbidity and mortality with racial and ethnic minorities in the United states Hitsman said.
In this study we see some of these behavioral risk factors already starting in young adulthood.
Future research should monitor the persistence of cancer risk behavior clustering by race and ethnicity.
Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California and the editor of the article recently advised the California State Legislature that â#it is filtered evident that cigarettes have had little impact on the risks of smoking over the last half century.
or flooding declining crop yields or ecosystem damages create hotspots of risk in specific parts of Africa.
We found three regions to be amongst those most at risk in a couple of decades: parts of Sudan and Ethiopia the countries surrounding Lake victoria in Central africa and the very southeast of the continent including most notably parts of South africa Mozambique Zimbabwe says lead-author Christoph MÃ ller.
It's all about risks says Hermann Lotze-Campen co-chair of PIK's research domain Climate Impacts and Vulnerability.
Managing risks for planning adaptationlikely impacts such as more intensive drought periods in the Southern Sahel clearly demand for developing coping strategies for croppers
On the contrary there is only moderate risk of increased flooding in East Africa but possibly with severe impacts--especially in countries like Tanzania that are subject to severe floods already today.
and Children (WIC) designed to improve the dietary quality of at-risk women and children and improve their ability to purchase nutrient-dense foods.
We need to better understand how we can identify mothers at risk for low milk supply
#Tomato turf wars: Benign bug beats salmonella; tomato eaters winscientists from the U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have identified a benign bacterium that shows promise in blocking Salmonella from colonizing raw tomatoes.
if we could block Salmonella from infecting the tomato plant we could reduce its risk of infecting the person who eats the tomato.
That suggests cultural and historical factors--anything from war and famine to lack of communication among separated populations--accounted for the creeping rate of domestication.
High tunnels can provide protection against some insects early freezes hail and other weather events.
The team conducted economic analyses in order to develop a risk model to determine relative probability of profitability of each tunnel design.
Overall the single layer and double layer models provided adequate protection for growing crops were less expensive to build provided more interior growing space
This study combining the risk and the sensitivity analyses provides growers with a unique evaluation process to make high tunnel design planting date
A high ratio was correlated directly to tumor aggression and metastatic capability. Patients with this profile had the worst prognosis for survival.
STAT3 is the primary marker that is used today to ascertain malignancy tumor aggression and metastasis in ovarian cancer.
There are a number of risk management implications for farmers he said. Should farmers--80 percent of whom already purchase crop insurance--buy even higher levels of crop insurance?
and evolution of the disease opening up the possibility of identifying new therapeutic targets to combat lentiviral infections.
Biodiversity would also be restored improving habitats for many species at risk of extinction--all at minimal cost.
#Protecting crops from pests, diseasea team of international researchers has uncovered a mechanism by which plants are able to better defend themselves against disease-causing pathogens.
BABA has long been known for its protective effects against devastating plant diseases such as potato blight but has so far not been used widely in crop protection because of undesirable side effects.
We have found that the plant receptor binding BABA is an'aspartyl trna synthetase 'which we have called IBI1.
Binding of the chemical to this protein triggers a secondary function that'primes'the plant immune system against future attacks by pests and diseases.
thus offering more durable crop protection. Dr Oliver Berkowitz a Research Associate in the ARC Centre for Excellence in Plant Energy Biology and the School of Plant Biology at the University of Western australia was involved also in the research.
Since plant immunisation by BABA is primed long-lasting crops would require fewer applications of fungicides thereby increasing sustainability of crop protection.
Although their research has been performed in a weed called'Arabidopsis thaliana'the work horse of plant geneticists the team is confident that their discovery can be used for the protection of crops from their enemies.
but to avoid any risks the amount of forage from pasture can be even higher.
when bees landed on a flower associated with danger foam pincers would trap the bee
This simulates an attack by a crab spider a predator that lurks on flowers to catch pollinators
Bumblebees face similar danger when foraging for food. Avoiding being eaten can be tricky as predators are disguised often or undetectable.
but when danger lurks they dine together to seek safety in numbers commented co-author Professor Lars Chittka from Queen Mary's School of Biological and Chemical sciences.
According to a 2013 report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (http://www. cdc. gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013) at least 2 million people become infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria
These include mining logging and the production of other agricultural crops. The researchers point out that roughly 200 million acres of cattle pastureland could be used more efficiently either for higher yield cattle ranching
mitigating genetic risk for diabetesas the number of people with type 2 diabetes continues to rise
A new study finds that African american children with a genetic predisposition to diabetes may be able to reduce their risk by getting the USDA-recommended dose of calcium.
We were excited to find that higher calcium intake appears to mitigate the impact of some of the risk genes for type 2 diabetes
Body mass index and percent body fat are strong indicators of a child's risk for developing diabetes later in life.
or her specific risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes and then develop a targeted preventative approach to mitigate those risk factors with specific lifestyle interventions such as increasing calcium intake
By the time an adult is diagnosed with diabetes there are usually numerous risk factors that need to be addressed.
The earlier you can identify a person's risk factors the better the opportunity to prevent
in order to find out the types of races existing across Spain as a first step towards improving the effectiveness of the fight against this fungus.
But the biggest problem for potato growers lies in sexual reproduction since this produces new races of the fungus that attack the plants in a more virulent way
Plant lesions become visible on day five following an attack by the fungus. The symptoms can be seen firstly on the lower leaves where a light-green
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