Synopsis: Waterways & watercourses: Waterways:


Livescience_2013 00029.txt

The impacts from sea level rise and flooding are leading to a re-evaluation of local design criteria.


Livescience_2013 00065.txt

</strong>Lakefront Brewery in Milwaukee had applied for approval of a sour cherry dark lager called John created by a brewery employee.</


Livescience_2013 00111.txt

or how deep the ocean really is? Quick what's the only metallic element that's liquid at room temperature?</

</p><p><p></p><p><a href=http://www. livescience. com/6470-ocean-depth-volume-revealed. html>The ocean</a is 12080.7 feet

The deepest part of the ocean however is about 36200 feet down (11030 m). That&#39;


Livescience_2013 00161.txt

Instead of using iodized Salt i combine natural sea salt with dulse flakes. This way I also benefit from this sea vegetable's high potassium and antioxidant content.

Raw Apple Cider vinegar: Apple cider vinegar isn't a mysterious ingredient but the raw version seems to elude most people.


Livescience_2013 00262.txt

and can pollute waterways with fertilizers creating<a href=http://www. livescience. com/221-gulf-dead-zone-starts-earlier-grow-larger. html>dead zones in the ocean</a>(where oxygen is used up


Livescience_2013 00263.txt

and can pollute waterways with fertilizers creating dead zones in the ocean (where oxygen is used up


Livescience_2013 00294.txt

Change to the sea around us change to the atmosphere above leading in turn to change in the world's climate

which destroyed the colorful gorges of Glen Canyon beneath the water of Lake Powell he later regretted his position.


Livescience_2013 00325.txt

and they are thrown back into the ocean to slowly die. However China's taste for the dish may be fading:


Livescience_2013 00327.txt

but it is really a fish that belongs to the Syngnathidae family along with pipefishes and leafy sea dragons.

which literally translates as horse (hippos-)sea monster(-kampos). Calling anything that only grows to be about 1 inch (2. 5 centimeters) long a monster is potentially more misleading than calling a fish a horse.


Livescience_2013 00330.txt

and droughts sea level rise and even more extinction of animals that can't quickly adapt to climate change.

when it reaches the oceans also creates so-called dead zones algae blooms develop and consume all the oxygen in the area

The dead zone in the Gulf of mexico has been steadily growing and recently covered an area roughlyâ the size of New jersey.

The average longline in the Gulf of mexico stretches for 30 miles (48 kilometers) and more than half of the tuna and swordfish caught are thrown back most

Ocean ecosystems depend upon these predators to keep the web of life balanced. 7. Consume less This one is pretty simple:


Livescience_2013 00364.txt

strong winds along the Gulf of suez pushing back the water or a tsunami.<<a href=http://journals. ametsoc. org/doi/abs/10.1175/1520-0477%281992%29073%3c0305%3aatoeft%3e2. 0. CO%3b2>According to his paper published in the Bulletin

t take place on the Red sea at all but rather a Sea of Reeds the location of which is disputed.</


Livescience_2013 00377.txt

and fjords most of the volcanic piles are compared tiny cones to the super-duper stratovolcanoes that parade off to the west in the Aleutian Range.

and the other came from the salty ocean. And what really captured the geologist's attention were signs that the little volcano squeezed out lava that oozed next to glaciers.

Sea level was 394 feet (120 m) lower when the maar formed. The latest find is an underwater volcano in Behm Canal where hundreds of thousands of tourists on cruise ships have sailed by New Eddystone Rock an eroded volcano.

The whole package now sits about 260 feet (80 meters) above sea level hinting at how much Earth's crust has bobbed up since the last ice age.

About one-third of global sea level rise could come from melting mountain glaciers but estimating their past size is difficult because growing glaciers plow through evidence of their predecessors.


Livescience_2013 00512.txt

and the other peoples of the Xingu Park live on an island of forest in a sea of deforestation.


Livescience_2013 00542.txt

Food for the river Previously it was believed that much of this plant matter floated down the Amazon river to the ocean where it ultimately became buried in the seafloor.

People thought this was one of the components that just got dumped into the ocean Nick Ward a doctoral student in oceanography at the University of Washington

But rather than flowing into oceans and settling on the seafloor for centuries or millennia bacteria in the Amazon river can break lignin down within two weeks the new study found.

In fact only 5 percent of the Amazon rain forest's plant-based carbon ends up reaching the ocean the researchers said.

and 5 percent is washed into the ocean where it breaks down or sinks to the ocean floor.

People had assumed just'Well it's not energetically feasible for an organism to break lignin apart so why would they?'


Livescience_2013 00549.txt

For thrill seekers there are limitless opportunities from rock climbing to bungee jumping to deep sea diving to skiing to triathlons to a variety of water sports.


Livescience_2013 00568.txt

From the medieval chill called the Little Ice age to the onset of global warming in the 1800s the coralline algae show how Arctic sea ice has responded to climate swings for the past 650 years.

For the first time researchers now have ancient sea ice information on a yearly scale said lead study author Jochen Halfar a paleoclimatologist at the University of Toronto in Mississauga Canada.

This is important for understanding the rapid short-term changes that are currently ongoing with respect to sea ice decline Halfar said in an email interview.

when sea ice blocks incoming sunlight the calcite layers develop visible bands that are similar to tree rings Halfar said.

During the Little Ice age when volcanoes and sun cycle variations caused a global cooling from the 1300s to the 1800s the coral's underwater tree rings narrowed suggesting extensive sea ice cover and short summers.

Starting in 1850 the onset of the Industrial revolution the algae's growth rings doubled in thickness in sync with the decline in the extent of Arctic sea ice.

The algae records also reveal frequent year-to-year variations in the amount of sea ice as satellites have seen in the past decade

when the Arctic sea ice has seesawed between relative highs and extreme lows. Video: Deep Sea Algae Contain Climate Change Clues Collecting more algae crusts could help fill a gap between climate records from sediment and ice cores

which may only provide a record for every 100 years and satellite tracking which goes back for only a few decades Halfar said.

With our coralline algal sea ice record we might be able to better constrain model prediction.

Old and cold To collect the crystalline crusts divers chiseled off calcite shards from underwater rocks in the Labrador Sea offshore of Kingitok Island and in the Arctic ocean near Nunavut Canada.


Livescience_2013 00572.txt

Nebuchadnezzar II s Babylon Through military conquests Nebuchadnezzar II would come to rule an empire that stretched from the Persian gulf to the borders of Egypt.


Livescience_2013 00595.txt

Stumps and logs have been popping out from under southern Alaska's Mendenhall Glacier a 36.8-square-mile (95.3 square kilometers) river of ice flowing into a lake near Juneau for nearly the past 50 years.

Glacial retreat worries many locals who are concerned about the threat of rising sea levels and loss of major freshwater sources that they rely on for drinking water.


Livescience_2013 00599.txt

Today the fossil trees are at an elevation of 170 meters (550 feet) above sea level and the climate flips between wet and dry seasons


Livescience_2013 00631.txt

by other fossils discovered near the location where the R. eurasiaticusfossil was found the multituberculate apparently lived in a temperate area rich in plants by the shores of shallow lakes.


Livescience_2013 00638.txt

aboard the so-called Relitto del Pozzino shipwreck which was discovered about 60 feet (18 meters) underwater in 1974 on the seabed of the Baratti Gulf off the coast of Tuscany.

which at the time the ship foundered was a key port along sea trade routes between the west and east across the Mediterranean sea.

These findings suggest a physician was traveling by sea with his professional equipment the researchers said.


Livescience_2013 00651.txt

Meanwhile Petra's inhabitants took advantage of the broad watershed of sandstone hills that naturally guided water to the city center by building a complex system of pipes and channels to direct water to underground cisterns for storage.

The Nabataeans differentiated watersheds and the zones of use for water: water collected and stored in the city itself was cannibalized not for agricultural uses.


Livescience_2013 00702.txt

The researchers who will begin their mission in November aim to focus on shrinking glaciers in the Amundsen Sea region such as the Pine Island Glacier the longest and fastest-changing glacier on the ice sheet.

and icebergs into the ocean was equal to the amount of water falling as snow onto the ice sheet

This affects sea level all over the world. The speed of changes to this region has taken scientists by surprise

In January a team of researchers will sail into the Amundsen Sea on a 30-day mission to install instruments to measure ocean temperatures at specific locations

and how warm ocean water is when it is close to the ice. The scientists will also deploy a fleet of ocean robots called Seagliders and an unmanned submarine to measure ocean temperature salinity and the speed of currents at different depths.

These observations will help scientists determine how ocean currents transport heat beneath the ice shelf and how climate change will affect this part of Antarctica.

Four autonomous radar instruments capable of taking measurements year-round will also monitor the gradual shifts in the thickness of the ice shelf the part of the glacier that floats on the ocean

while the ocean surface is covered by sea ice making much of the region inaccessible for research ships.

The sensors attached to the Antarctic seals will gather information on ocean temperature and salinity or salt content.

and ocean perspectives Karen Heywood a professor of physical oceanography at the University of East Anglia in the U k. and principal investigator of one of the istar program's ocean investigations said in a statement.


Livescience_2013 00709.txt

whose thinning ice is contributing to sea level rise. In recent decades Pine Island Glacier's rapid retreat raised fears that the glacier could collapse freeing the ice sheet it buffers to flow even more rapidly into the southern seas.

The West Antarctic Ice contributes 0. 15 to 0. 30 millimeters per year to sea level rise.

The big question is whether the hasty retreat is a recent change caused by climate change or a more long-term phenomenon.

Pine Island Glacier's small ice shelf a platform of ice floating on the ocean's surface acts as a plug holding the rest of the ice stream in place on land.

Changes to Antarctic wind currents driven by global warming have pushed relatively warmer ocean waters beneath the ice shelves.

and meets the ocean has retreated at a rate of more than 1 kilometer a year.

Pine Island Glacier only stretches 45 miles (40 km) across where it meets the ocean

They studied sediments from Pine Island Bay where the ice shelves stick tongues into the ocean.

Microfossils in mud retrieved by ocean drilling aboard a research ship pinpoint when and were covered ice the bay.

which glaciers flow to the sea. The last calving event (the sudden release of ice) let loose in an iceberg that measured 26 by 11 miles (42 km by 17 km) in 2001.

We're pretty sure the most important driver is warm ocean water but this is still an open question Hillenbrand said.

so we can predict better the future behavior of these ice streams and their contribution to future sea level rise.


Livescience_2013 00753.txt

Changes in sea ice affect ocean circulation which in turn affects atmospheric circulation that then impacts the globe said Bruce Forbes a geographer at the Arctic Center at the University of Lapland in Finland who was involved not in the study.


Livescience_2013 00889.txt

The site also happened to be beside a globally important wetland but the parrot copped the blame


Livescience_2013 00907.txt

This a good sign for the survival of the species. The team found only about 100 adult penguins along the shoreline where the ice meets the sea compared with about 1000 adults last year Hubert said.

The baby penguins were further inland slowly migrating toward stable sea ice about 6 miles (10 kilometers) from their overwintering spot where the fathers huddle together for warmth

After winter ends parents make trips to the sea to deliver meals to their chicks.


Livescience_2013 01069.txt

To make matters worse the drop in atmospheric CO2 plunged the earth into a massive deep freeze that has come to be called the<a href=http://www. livescience. com/27684-snowball-earth-ocean-mixing. html target=blank>Snowball Earth

and life in the dark oceans was driven nearly to extinction. Yet somewhere in the midst of this two-headed crisis a new and more complex form of life emerged:


Livescience_2013 01430.txt

Some of the sun's incoming radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere the oceans and the surface of the Earth.


Livescience_2013 01449.txt

As for the changing landscape the continents drifted apart during the Paleogene Period creating vast stretches of oceans.

The Great lakes were formed as the glaciers receded. Several of the world s foremost mountain ranges including The alps Himalayas

The Great lakes that formed in the western United states during the Eocene epoch were the perfect home for bass trout


Livescience_2013 01508.txt

Similar celebrations mark the birthday of Mazu the goddess of the sea (also known as Tianhou) in May or June.


Livescience_2013 01559.txt

Some studies have suggested that sea levels during that time were several meters higher than they are today;

such an increase in sea levels would threaten and could even inundate coastal cities. We can't accept that Hansen said.

because the ocean absorbs some of the heat delaying the inherent atmospheric warming for decades to centuries.

The oceans also absorb some of the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere which affects efforts to reduce carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere as less carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere the oceans will release some carbon dioxide so that the two systems stay in balance.

Hansen and his co-authors say this emphasizes the urgency of starting to reduce emissions now;


Livescience_2013 01660.txt

And less timber-cutting means better water quality in nearby rivers and in the fragile Mesoamerican Reef downstream in the Gulf of mexico.

In China's Yangtze basin wetland ambassadors''promote conservation as part of a rapidly emerging movement to protect a river system that supplies water to more than 400 million people.

and life to the seas and water that allows the rainforests and the clouds and the world's most iconic species to thrive.


Livescience_2013 01678.txt

</p><p></p><p>A new species of walking shark has been discovered in a reef off a remote Indonesian island.</


Livescience_2013 01682.txt

</p><p>Officials with New york's Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) are planning to survey a lake in Central park for signs of the dreaded northern snakehead fish aka Frankenfish NBCNEWS. com reports.</


Livescience_2013 01689.txt

</p><p></p><p>A new type of microbe has been found at a lake buried under Antarctica's thick ice according to news reports.

The find may unveil clues of the surrounding environment in the lake according to scientists.</</p><p>The bacteria said to be only 86 percent similar to other types known to exist On earth was discovered in a water sample taken from Lake Vostok

which sits under more than 2 miles (3 kilometers) of Antarctic ice. The freshwater lakehas likely been buried unaltered under the ice for the past million years.</

<a href=http://www. livescience. com/27737-new-bacteria-found-antarctic-lake. html target=blank>New Type of Bacteria Reportedly Found in Buried Antarctic Lake


Livescience_2013 01776.txt

The Tethys Ocean still separated the northern Laurasia continent from southern Gondwana. Â The North and South Atlantic were closed still

By the middle of the period ocean levels were much higher most of the landmass we are familiar with was underwater.

As a result of suddenly lowered temperatures there may have been a global disruption in the numbers of both land plants and plankton in the oceans evidence


Livescience_2013 01800.txt

The breakthrough in today s paper is the sequencing of the entire genome of a Ctenophore known as the sea walnut (Mnemiopsis leidyi.

The sea walnut (M. leidyi) is native to the western Atlantic but has been introduced to the Black Caspian

The sea walnut genome contained 16548 protein coding genes 44%of which shared homology-a type of ancestry-with non-Ctenophores.

As sea walnuts glow when disturbed so does this study shed light on some interesting assumptions about animal evolution.


Livescience_2013 01801.txt

and blowflies helping to reduce the elk herd to an eerie scattered sea of skeletons in the desert.


Livescience_2013 01897.txt

Soil erosion can also lead to silt entering the lakes streams and other water sources. This can decrease local water quality contributing to poor health in the local population.


Livescience_2013 02057.txt

or lake the fertilizers can kill off fish and other aquatic species causing a harmful algal bloom.

For example to minimize impacts on aquatic life the Forest Service has agreed to limit the use of flame retardant in areas within 300 feet of streams and lakes;


Livescience_2013 02151.txt

More than a decade ago researchers unearthed a trove of thousands of stone tools piled atop animal bones in sandy silty sediment off the shores of Lake victoria in Kenya.


Livescience_2013 02307.txt

while a ship gets bogged down by barnacles as it crosses the ocean a shark swimming in the same ocean remains clean as a whistle.


Livescience_2013 02383.txt

The project which was developed in an experimental forest at the University of California at Berkeley's Sagehen Creek Field Station near Lake Tahoe in California creates pockets of thinner trees in areas where the fire risk is high


Livescience_2013 02491.txt

The exceptions are certain minerals that are found in ancient lake and sea beds. These minerals such as sylvite carnallite langbeinite and polyhalite form extensive deposits in these ancient sites

Potassium is found in the ocean but only in relatively small amounts. Foods with potassium Potassium is important to healthy nutrition.


Livescience_2013 02603.txt

Only the fittest overcome natural barriers such as mountains oceans and deserts but few animals can adapt fast enough to surmount modern hazards placed in their way by humans.


Livescience_2013 02617.txt

After the chick hatches it pecks off its redwood-colored down and flying solo launches straight for the ocean.

Each chicken egg was colored painstakingly (Benjamin Moore Oceanfront 660) and speckled to resemble murrelet eggs.


Livescience_2013 02645.txt

and regenerate an important marine plant depends on animals to eat its seeds and poop them out around the ocean according to recent research.

Eelgrass meadows which grow on the ocean floor in shallow waters also help shelter many different types of fish


Livescience_2013 02672.txt

This expansion wasn't connected to changes in average temperature sea level rise rain or land use.

and economically and both are threatened by rising sea levels and coastal development. With further global warming mangrove expansion probably won't be confined to Florida.


Livescience_2013 02692.txt

A potentially more serious threat to the animals than predators is future sea level rise associated with climate change.

The small atolls or low-lying islands that the animals inhabit only reach between about 3 feet to 10 feet (1 to 3 m) above sea level

if average global sea level rises by as much as 3. 2 feet (0. 98 m) by 2100 as projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.


Livescience_2013 02714.txt

And in Colorado's Front Range in the Rocky mountains above Denver pine beetle infestations don't add extra nitrogen to waterways that eventually drain to the city according to a study led by USFS research scientist Chuck Rhoades.


Livescience_2013 02789.txt

During the day they rest play and sometimes fight in lakes rivers and swamps. They get down to business at night grazing on land for hours at a time.

They can be found near rivers lakes and swamps from Guinea in western Africa to Ethiopia on the eastern side of the continent and down to South africa.

and fat beneath their skin helps them float in rivers and lakes. Adult hippos can hold their breath and stay underwater for up to six minutes.


Livescience_2013 02807.txt

Field notes from the early 1900s indicated the animals were collected in Colombia Panama Costa rica and Nicaragua at about 3250 to 5500 feet (1000 to 1700 meters) above sea level much higher than the olingo's known range


Livescience_2013 02888.txt

and is now floating freely in the Amundsen Sea according to a team of German scientists.

and flows out to sea it develops and drops icebergs as part of a natural and cyclical process Humbert said.

The glacier flows to the Amundsen Sea at a rate of about 2. 5 miles (4 km) per year.

or slows down is based more on changing wind directions in the Amundsen Sea and less by rising air temperatures.

The wind now brings warm sea water beneath the shelf ice Humbert said. Over time this process means that the shelf ice melts from below primarily at the so-called grounding line the critical transition to the land ice.

The Pine Island Glacier currently acts as a plug holding back part of the immense West Antarctic Ice Sheet whose melting ice contributes to rising sea levels.


Livescience_2013 02944.txt

but only after GMO proponents like Monsanto General mills Pepsico Dupont Hershey Cargill Kellogg Hormel Kraft Mars Goya Ocean Spray Nestle and other industrial food


Livescience_2013 03040.txt

The sea of dead trees along ridgelines called that number into serious doubt Logan said.


Livescience_2013 03050.txt

and waterways and help people to have access to fresh food It's all connected. We are connected all.


Livescience_2013 03094.txt

She also launched a successful sea voyage to the land of Punt a place located somewhere on the northeast coast of Africa where they traded with the inhabitants bringing back oemarvels.


Livescience_2013 03161.txt

or the average length of time a molecule of gas exists in the atmosphere before being converted into another chemical compound or absorbing back into a sink like a forest or ocean.


Livescience_2013 03190.txt

They did radiocarbon dating of shells on the lake's shoreline finding the shells'ages matched those of the other samples from formerly wet areas.


Livescience_2013 03198.txt

Ultimately the conflict between Sparta and Athens resolved itself on the sea. While the Athenians had the naval advantage throughout much of the war the situation changed

In 378 B c. Athens formed the second naval confederacy a group that challenged Spartan control of the seas.


Livescience_2013 03201.txt

In 1912 the Cape cod Cranberry Company started selling canned cranberry sauce under the now-familiar Ocean Spray name Bertelsen said.


Livescience_2013 03203.txt

and the Gulf of mexico. But all shared a common message: climate change is real and fueling more dangerous extreme weather events.

and learning more about the costs associated with a warming world and rising seas. Rev.


Livescience_2013 03373.txt

Instead the farming hotspots seemed to reside in the deep soil zones near the wetlands called bajos.

but rather along the borders of the low-lying wetlands called bajos BYU soil scientist Richard Terry said in a statement.


Livescience_2013 03605.txt

An international team of researchers analyzed sediment cores collected in 2009 from Lake El'gygytgyn (pronounced El-Gee-Git-Kin) the oldest deep lake in the northeast Russian Arctic.

There was probably no sea ice and the whole Arctic was forested pretty well so it was a very different world Brigham-Grette told Livescience.

Earth's Vanishing Ice A window into the past Lake El'gygytgyn or Lake E as the researchers refer to it was formed 3. 6 million years ago when a meteorite hit Earth and carved out

The lake is one of the few Arctic areas not eroded by continental ice sheets during the ice ages meaning it has collected a continuous and undisturbed sediment record the researchers said.

The lake which today is covered in ice for most of the year is so deep that

Some of the changes we see going on now sea ice melting tree lines migrating and glaciers with tremendous ablation rate suggest that we're heading back to the Pliocene.

7 Crucial Tipping Points The results of this new study represent an important contribution toward understanding how Earth is affected by man-made greenhouse gases said Kate Moran an ocean engineer who was not involved with the study.

Moran is director of NEPTUNE Canada an underwater ocean observatory managed by the University of Victoria in British columbia.

and now the lake record provides us with another 100 pieces and the picture is starting to become more and more clear.


Livescience_2013 03607.txt

#Iceland Volcano Eruption Fueled Ocean Blooms The explosive volcanic eruption Iceland saw in 2010 may have disrupted life in the air above Europe

These three cruises allowed the researchers to measure iron concentrations at the ocean's surface before during

and could really look at the immediate effects of the ash falling into the ocean Achterberg said.

Iceland Volcano's Fiery Sunsets Ocean bloom Iron is key to ocean life helping spur the growth of single-celled organisms known as phytoplankton.

In about a third of the global ocean a scarcity of iron limits the abundance of life so ash supplying this metal could spur booms in biological activity.

Since phytoplankton use carbon dioxide just like plants do volcanic ash falling on the ocean could reduce levels of the greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.

of iron to the seas. I'm not an advocate of dumping into the ocean to remove atmospheric carbon dioxide Achterberg said.

It's not a very efficient process. You'd need so much iron to remove the man-made carbon dioxide emitted at the moment that it wouldn't be worth it.

In the future researchers could investigate the effects of volcanic ash on the Southern Ocean which is relatively rich in nitrate.


< Back - Next >


Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011