Tracking Orbitsconsider measuring waves crashing across the ocean's surface Zhu said. We needed to pinpoint those complex fluctuations without having the data obscured by the deep water underneath.
Operations center at the UNH Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans and Space. Schwadron and IBEX colleagues published their findings online today in Science.
In addition Makira's forests serve as a zone of watershed protection providing clean water to over 250000 people in the surrounding landscape.
Remarkably they showed that more than 99 per cent of the earliest farmer's cooking pots lacked sea food residues.
Other clues to ancient diets lie within human bones themselves explored by the Cardiff group led by Dr Jacqui Mulville The sea passes on a unique chemical signature to the skeletons of those eating seafood;
and wild boar and ate large quantities of sea food including seals and shellfish. With the introduction of domestic animals some 6000 years ago they quickly gave up wild foods
Amazingly it was another 4000 years before sea food remains appeared in pots again during the Iron age
and medicinesbright pink-orange microalgae found in salt lakes and coastal waters could become a renewable source of food plastics health products
Plans include the largest commercial cultivation of the single-cell organisms in water raceways lakes and photobioreactors.
The pink-orange of many salt lakes containing Dunaliella is intensified by the presence of archaea fellow single-celled organisms.**
When plants die some of their biomass is trapped in areas that are devoid of oxygen such as the bottom of lakes.
Beaked whales a widespread but little-known family of toothed whales distantly related to sperm whales are found in deep ocean waters beyond the edge of the continental shelf throughout the world's oceans.
me to realise how little we really do know about life in the oceans. There's so much out there to discover.
and in 2003 Mesoplodon traversii the spade-toothed whale was described from the Southern Ocean. Both species are known from only about five animals each.
In addition the clearing of woodlots hedgerows pastures and wetlands to make way for bigger fields has continued apace
because the biodiversity benefits of each organic farm will be diluted in clusters of organic farms compared to an organic island providing rich habitats in a sea of pesticide-covered conventional fields.
Herdwicks and Rough Fell sheep both showed rare genetic evidence of a historical link to the ancestral population of sheep on Texel one of the islands in the Wadden Sea Region of Northern europe
and eating fish from contaminated waterways. In the Rutgers study conducted in coordination with Emory University Alzheimer's disease Research Center
Sunlight hits the ocean heats it up and energy has to leave the ocean through evaporation he explained.
If you think about all the ice on top of Mt everest--who took this huge amount of material up there?
Further the products of these reactions are transported to the oceans in rivers where they ultimately form carbonate rocks like limestone that lock away carbon on the seafloor for millions of years preventing it from forming carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Researchers found that non-nitrogen fixing trees become more abundant closer to sea replacing the usually more abundant nitrogen fixing trees in these deserts.
Nutrients are limiting in the desert so this input from the sea through the nitrogen-rich guano has a positive effect for trees that cannot fix nitrogen.
What we found very striking is that trees that do fix nitrogen from the air do not seem to benefit from nutrients coming from the sea
Methane is emitted by natural sources such as wetlands and human activities such as leakage from natural gas systems and the raising of livestock.
Landis and a team of researchers from the Great lakes Bioenergy Research center compared three potential biofuel crops:
This includes farming marginal lands that produce lower yields as well as converting acreage set aside for the Conservation Reserve Program grasslands and wetlands.
Laguna del Hunco that dates to the early Eocene at about 52.2 million years ago and RÃ o Pichileufã dating to about 47.7 million years ago.
#Oceans hidden waves show their power: Origins of giant underwater waves explainedlarge-scale tests in the lab and the South china sea reveal the origins of underwater waves that can tower hundreds of feet.
Their effect on the surface of the ocean is negligible producing a rise of just inches that is virtually imperceptible on a turbulent sea.
But internal waves which are hidden entirely within the ocean can tower hundreds of feet with profound effects On earth's climate and on ocean ecosystems.
Now new research both in the ocean and in the largest-ever laboratory experiments to investigate internal waves has solved a longstanding mystery about exactly how the largest known internal waves in the South china sea are produced.
or salinity differences that cause ocean water to become stratified. Though invisible to the eye the boundary between colder saltier water below and warmer less-salty water above can be detected instrumentally.
That boundary layer can resemble the ocean's surface producing waves that reach towering heights travel vast distances
and can play a key role in the mixing of ocean waters helping drive warm surface waters downward
Because these internal waves are hard to detect it is often a challenge to study them directly in the ocean.
These are the most powerful internal waves discovered thus far in the ocean Peacock says. These are skyscraper-scale waves.
They are the lumbering giants of the ocean Peacock says. The team's large-scale laboratory experiments on the generation of such waves used a detailed topographic model of the Luzon Strait's seafloor mounted in a 50-foot-diameter rotating tank in Grenoble France
In the years since scientists have come to a greater appreciation of the significance of these giant waves in the mixing of ocean water--and therefore in global climate.
These waves are potentially the key mechanism for transferring heat from the upper ocean to the depths Peacock says so the focus of the research was to determine exactly how the largest of these waves as revealed through satellite imagery of the Luzon Strait region are generated.
The existence of internal waves in oceans has been known for well over a century Peacock says but they have remained poorly understood because of the difficulty of observations Among the new techniques that have helped to propel the field forward is the use of satellite data:
Internal waves can bring nutrients up from ocean depths Peacock says. Matthew Alford an associate professor of oceanography at the University of Washington who was involved in the related field studies for this project says The strong forcing
and ridge geometry at Luzon Strait result in some of the strongest internal waves in the world's oceans.
In contrast their distance from the equator ranged from 3900 to 5500 km their altitude above sea level from 50 to 1750 m
Based on models and an interdisciplinary approach they tested a variety of options for a dry area (Plain of the Broye) and an area less dry (Lake of Greifen) up to 2050.
and the impact of these insecticides on urban waterways it is critical to develop alternative integrated pest management strategies
and found in urban waterways while still providing effective control of the target ant species Choe said.
and ocean variability than at first thought. Observations by a team of scientists at British Antarctic Survey and other institutions show large fluctuations in the ocean heat in Pine Island Bay.
The team discovered that oceanic melting of the ice shelf into which the glacier flows decreased by 50 per cent between 2010 and 2012
The acceleration is thought to be caused by thinning of the floating ice shelf created as the glacier slides into the sea.
and the glacier's response is key to assessing how much it will contribute to rising sea levels.
It's now known that much of the thinning is due to a deep oceanic inflow of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) on the continental shelf neighbouring the glacier.
But observations made in January 2012 and reported now in Science show that ocean melting of the glacier was the lowest ever recorded.
High resolution simulations of the ocean circulation in the ice shelf cavity demonstrate that the ridge blocks the deepest ocean waters from reaching the thickest ice.
In January 2012 the dramatic cooling of the ocean around the glacier is believed to be due to an increase in easterly winds caused by a strong La Nin㣠event in the tropical Pacific ocean.
The study stresses the importance of both local geology and climate variability in ocean melting in this region.
We found ocean melting of the glacier was the lowest ever recorded and less than half of that observed in 2010.
This enormous and unexpected variability contradicts the widespread view that a simple and steady ocean warming in the region is eroding the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
It is not so much the ocean variability which is modest by comparison with many parts of the ocean
but the extreme sensitivity of the ice shelf to such modest changes in ocean properties that took us by surprise.
That sensitivity is a result of a submarine ridge beneath the ice shelf that was discovered only in 2009
when an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle mapped the seabed beneath the ice. These new insights suggest that the recent history of ice shelf melting
Ecosystem needs--lakes and rivers need a certain amount of water for them to survive.
the sea change Ma wanted and that he hoped to spark by using the Internet was not immediate.
which drained into neighboring Nantaizi Lake. Water tests showed the lake was polluted seriously with heavy metals
copper and nickel. The audit confirmed that the factory had taken major corrective action to fix the issues cited in our Apple report,
But they threw their pot ale (the leftover swill of dead yeast and water) into the ocean.
and often causing a lake or wetland to form. The dark surface of the lake's water will then capture more heat from the sun
and cause the surrounding permafrost to thaw as well. Near thermokarsts, the forests often are called drunken,
Fairbanks scientist, told The New york times. He is working with another scientist on mapping thermokarst lakes
But when organic matter breaks down at the bottom of a lake or wetland then another type of bacteria (methanogens) will break it down,
The land around these two bays in Northern Siberia is dotted with thermokarst lakes. NASA Goddard Photo and Video/Flickr) via:
Within the park, you'll find a zoo, lakes, botanic gardens, ice-skating rinks, concert venues--and priceless views of the surrounding skyscrapers.
and other entertainment. 3. London, England Hyde park is the city's largest, with 350-plus acres along a lake, boat rentals, horseback riding, Speakers'Corner,
France Luxembourg Gardens is one of those quintessentially romantic Paris spots--Luxembourg Palace against a backdrop of a lake, fountains,
stop for tea on the plaza near the Chinese pagoda, feed the ducks on the lake,
Illinois Fronting Lake michigan, Grant Park is one of the city's finest green spaces. The 300-acre park,
Lincoln Park is another Chicago institution, with a lakefront theatre, a zoo, a bird sanctuary, and a lagoon with paddleboats.
Best Time to Visit: In summer, cool off and get wet under the fountains at Millennium Park
Franklin D. Roosevelt Park (The Lakes; and East and West Parks. Best Time to Visit:
have grown 7 percent between 2002 and 2008, with repercussions for the Gulf's dead zone.
whether the oil spill or ethanol was worse for the Gulf, SF Gate reported: Ethanol consumes two-thirds of all federal subsidies for renewable fuels,
it was the Venus'Flower Basket sea sponge, a glowing creature that thrives in the inky depths of the sea.
The animal is distinctive because it creates a shiny silicon-based material that bonds together,
Much like the sea sponge maneuvers water through its latticelike exoskeleton, Lord Norman Foster's tower--officially 30 St mary Axe,
plant covered hills that help funnel the cool sea air flowing in from the Pacific ocean into grates.
or materials that are tossed into waste sites and landfills and oceans. We're looking for resins to replace plastics,
which is gradually being reclaimed by the sea. Armstrong believes the protocell droplets could be deployed beneath the crumbling city to act as a living limestone foundation.
We did some experiments inside the Venice lagoon with architecture students and we know it works with the Venice water,
But much of the North american supply is too far from an inland waterway or rail loading yard to make it economical.
They are trying to get 56 miles of rail built that would restore rail service from Chicago to the Gulf of mexico
or west before they can get south to the Gulf, making the economics unworkable. That 56 miles might as well be 5000 miles to them,
A pavilion that overlooks the lake and gardens. The space will provide magnificent views of the gardens and the mall.
where children will discover the joys of newly discovered lake-edge activities, and where nearby workers can stop for a drink.
whatever came out of the sea, whatever was hunted that day, all that got put into the dish,
losses of flora, fauna and ocean's ecosystems will impact food supply and the livelihood of millions who depend on these resources.
and preventing ocean acidification. Read targets here. However funds needed to implement policies are still missing.
In Boston, the rooftop of the Sea Port hotel houses hundreds of thousands of bees (pollinating hundreds of local gardens throughout the city.
At the same time, soil is the catchment area for water that becomes part of our drinking water. So we need the tools to understand how soil is used,
Whereas it took three years to construct the world's longest sea-bridge in China,
China unveils world s longest sea bridge, but is it? Infographic: Which American cities are most vulnerable to natural disasters?
like the deepwater Gulf of mexico, the EROI varies from 4 to 14 (Moerschbaecher, 2012). Hall and Murphy have also found that a given fuel must have an EROI of at least 3 to deliver a net benefit to society because of the associated infrastructure needed to support
Carbon is sequestered naturally in the environment, fixed in the wood of forests, the coral of reefs, the peat of bogs,
and the planktonic oozes of the oceans. Nature should be our greatest asset but we are degrading it
and sea level damage. When you add up what is being lost, and you also take away the government subsidies
For example utility companies that manage watersheds are seeing how biodiversity helps provide clean water, by protecting biodiversity they reduce their water-treatment costs,
underground water and ocean, says lead researcher Takayuki Takahashi of Fukushima University. We will draw the map to show the movement of radioactivity.
As the radiation moves from the forest to the ocean, it is important to set a baseline of knowledge to see how it affects humans and animals in the long run,
and terminate in the watershed of the Chesapeake bay. They ve gone to great lengths to make it very local.
Through the Chicago Climate Action Plan (CCAP), the city on the lake is working toward an 80 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
And it's also where the much of the ice streams drains out into the sea rather than collect on a large ice shelf.
That means that the ice will flow into the ocean at a faster rate, contributing even more to sea level rise.
Such an acceleration is of particular concern at the Pine Island Glacier, because, among Antarctic glaciers, it's the one that's contributing the most to sea level rise.
In fact, he said, ice flows from that glacier alone account for a quarter to a third of Antarctica's total contribution to sea level rise.
While both polar caps are losing ice as the world's climate warms the Pine Island glacier is melting at an alarming rate, about six meters a year, according to an ABC News report.
With ports in the Pacific and Gulf of mexico, Mexico has always been a crossroads, he said.
Weve been a leader in waterfront development for about 35 years. Along with Faneuil Hall in Boston
Harborplace was one of the original waterfront destinations. Its a great asset to the city.
United states In Buffalo, New york, saving bees is part of a local business person's vision for redeveloping a waterfront industrial site into a design district.
Yes, those tall, sturdy reeds that usually grow in wetlands or marshy areas and that figure prominently in the Moses story.
It has pools that look like lakes! as if looking at Barbie's dream house. The gallery in which such varied discussions are taking place houses the exhibition Foreclosed:
and in other endangered habitats, such as coral reefs and ocean islands. With local people trained to do the footwork
but you have to realize that with the BP-Transocean oil spill we just poisoned half the food chain down there in the Gulf of mexico.
and thus water footprint numbers must be considered in the context of the local watershed. The focus of the Coca-cola report is on water footprint assessments of the following:
Like other materials, laminated wood can be shipped across continents and oceans. But that, said SOM s Brian Lee,
a Chicago developer that is turning a 500-acre industrial site on Lake michigan into a new residential and retail community.
In 1875, the forest around Walker Lake north of Flagstaff, Ariz. was open with abundant grass cover.
Walker Lake photos, 1875, by John Hillers, 2003, by Neil Weintraub; Timberguide screenshot, TNC
Crack Apple iphone Touchid feature, win $2500 and a bottle of bourbonif you're a hacker up for a challenge,
Sea level rise is expected to force millions of Bangladeshis living along its coast to seek drier ground,
They may degrade rather quickly in sea water. And they release dangerous chemicals like BPA as they do so.
who 10 years ago discovered The Great Garbage Patch, a section of garbage-strewn ocean larger than Texas killing wildlife between California and Hawaii.
INTTRA, an e-commerce platform for the ocean freight industry, recently put together some estimates of how much paper gets saved as a result of e-commerce.
INTTRA says that ocean freight providers alone have saved potentially 25,000 trees annually as a result of using its e-commerce network.
Explain why phosphorus becomes such a problem in our waterways. It s a basic nutrient,
when you get too much of it in a waterway. It leads to algae that grows everywhere.
The waterways become oxygen-deficient, and that has a negative effect on all animal life.
from where it can easily be washed into the waterways. What is the level of understanding that the public has about these environmental issues?
In the Great lakes area, we ve conducted forums in major cities to educate people about lawn care
What if you sell these fish to somebody else who wants to raise them in open ocean pen systems
And there are a lot of plants in the U s. on the sea taking advantage of that. But there's also the environmental concern in putting warmer water back into the ocean--the long-term fate of the ecology of the ocean.
That's an issue. Smartplanet: Let's get back to your three points: technology, economics, policy. What can we do on Capitol hill?
and the sea had been considered but deemed unfeasible. Last year Gabon set five tons of tusks aflame in a very public event,
particularly in the Gulf region where water production is a costly and energy-intensive process, explained Dr. Sultan al-Jaber, managing director and CEO of Masdar City.
China unveils world s longest sea bridge Robot solves Rubik's cube in 5 seconds,
Ten million tons of fertilizer pollute Chinese waterways each year, killing off wildlife and contributing to spectacular blooms of green algae visible in Chinese rivers.
Over the years, the government has built also walls made of rock to keep the Bay of bengal Sea from washing away villages in Pondicherry.
I believe such a measure would help bridge the gulf between the elderly and technology.
when forests and wetlands are destroyed to clear land to grow biofuel crops. And with ILUC added to the mix, it looks like some top biofuel crops are worse for the environment, in terms of carbon emissions, than crude oil.
as sea levels continue an upward march. One research group says the global climate adaptation services industry is already worth $2 billion.
It's about working with nature to create innovative and clever waterways throughout Melbourne--in our backyards and in public spaces.
Capturing this water falling onto a site assists in improving the ecology of the city's urban waterways,
Building a rain garden to help filter stormwater before it enters our waterways. Installing a rainwater tank to capture water for the garden,
Guan Haisen (pictured top), an appraiser who works at Beijing Antique City, imports the Ocean Optics LIBS system from the U s,
These natural infrastructure projects filter rainwater and allow it to slowly seep back into the ground rather than runoff into waterways, taking pollutants with it.
Storm water runoff and the overflow of combined sewer systems--where stormwater and raw sewage flow together in the same pipes--into waterways are two of the biggest problems facing urban water supplies.
artists turning ocean trash into gorgeous, consumer criticism; and even a crowdsourced multimedia campaign with visions for Mexico of the Future  which includes submissions such as a solar panel on every house  and respect for flora and fauna.
not including the oceans. Can you unpack this stat? DB: Essentially 43%of the seven continents is devoted now to feeding humanity.
and then letting it run off into the ocean. And then it goes into the cycle
like finding way to desalinate sea water cheaply and easily. If we did that we would not have to worry about depleting aquifers
because it would take us a very long time to deplete all the water in the oceans.
The good news is that we â â¢ve been dealing with sea level rise and weird weather for most of human history.
and can build sea walls or shift populations. The majority of people driving climate change those are the rich will adapt fine, no problem.
There are projects testing out the possibility of seeding the ocean with iron; this is a fertilization scheme.
Ocean plankton are one of the biggest CO2 sucks on the planet, and if you fertilize them there might be more blooms.
and the oceans and atmosphere only absorb five billion tons. A senior scientist at the Jet propulsion Lab, meanwhile--Sassan Saatchi--is relying on Lefsky's data to create forest biomass maps.
following tides and currents. â Å Some fish in one area of the sea are contaminated,
and prevent the contamination of rivers and lakes through stromwater runoff. The U s. Conference of Mayors, the official organization of cities with populations of 30,000 or more, recently adopted a number of resolution that call the 1,
Located in in the Bay South garden, the one-of-a-kind park showcases a total of 18 man-made supertrees, massive structures towering as a high as 50 meters over the ocean bay.
China unveils world longest sea bridge 2, 625-feet solar power supertower to rise over Arizona (video) Amazing video:
That reduced erosion, the runoff of chemicals into waterways and the use of fuel for tractors.
Unlike corn or even sugar ethanol, halophyte algae (algae that grow in saltwater) do not compete with food stocks for freshwater. oewhen the cost of pumping ocean water into so-called wasteland regions such as the Sahara
halophyte algae farmers could use solar-powered pumps to move water up from sea level or even up from underground aquifers such as the Nubian sandstone aquifer system that sits beneath desolate regions of Libya, Chad, and Sudan.
Tidal-current turbines and tidal-stream turbines tapping the power of sea systems like the Gulf stream could provide energy for power-hungry states such as Florida.
The Center of Excellence in Ocean Energy Technology at Florida Atlantic University The Issue: Hunger The earth population is projected to increase by 2. 5 billion people in the next four decades,
Individuals (mostly women and children) are forced often to trek long distances to lakes ponds, or public water pumps in other villages,
State of Watershed Payments 2012, says. Produced by the nonprofit Forest Trends, the report is the second instalment of an inventory of initiatives around the world that are paying individuals
including wetlands, streams and forests that can capture, filter and store freshwater. Protecting watershed services Countries are seeking to protect watershed services-the benefits,
like clean water, obtained from healthy watershed ecosystems-by incentivizing the maintenance and improvement of watershed areas.
Of the 205 oepayments for watershed services programmes tracked around the world, more than half are in China (61) and the United states (67).
Forest Trends discovered watershed investment programmes in 29 countries, but a staggering 91 percent of the payments in 2011 took place in China.
There are, however, massive initiatives underway in Africa. South africa runs the continent largest water conservation programme, Working for Water,
and improve their water efficiency by investing in watershed services. Around the world, there are at least 73 new investments in watershed services (IWS) programmes under development.
Countries like Bulgaria, Gabon, Ghana, Kyrgyzstan, Malawi and Romania are oein line to implement their first IWS mechanism in 2012 and the coming years,
Researchers Maryanne Grieg-Gran and Ina Porras, from the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), say they have been recording oefaltering progress of payment for watershed services initiatives in their reviews of such schemes
manmade infrastructure and towards watershed payment systems and natural infrastructure is another piece of the puzzle.
And though investments in watershed services are growing rapidly, they are compared tiny to the estimated $1 trillion per year that will be needed through 2025 to meet water supply and sanitation demands
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