I would be much more enthusiastic about the discovery of a reliable fossil within any of the extant Xylocopinae tribes (the authors note that there are none) Ascher told Livescience in an email.
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what we describe as'browsers'which eat mostly leaves from trees and shrubs to what we call'grazers
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Genetic melting pot In the second study researchers analyzed the MITOCHONDRIAL DNA from more than 364 fossil remains found at more than 20 sites within the Saxony-Anhalt region of Germany which dated to between 5500 and 1550 B c. The team concluded that the modern
maternal genetic makeup of Europe was mostly in place by about 3500 years ago study co-author Wolfgang Haak a molecular archaeologist at the University of Adelaide in Australia wrote in an email.
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#Ancient Forest Thaws From Melting Glacial Tomb An ancient forest has thawed from under a melting glacier in Alaska
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#Ancient Giant Trees Found Petrified in Thailand Fossil trees that approached the heights of today s tallest redwoods have been found in northern Thailand.
The Evidence oehighest trees nowadays in Thailand are almost 60 meters (200 feet) Â wrote Philippe in response to my email query about his new paper coming out in the April issue of the journal Quaternary Science Reviews.
The scientists analyzed the ancient DNA from the bones and teeth of 63 pigs in northern Germany from a Mesolithic site known as Ertebã¸lle and a number of Neolithic sites.
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#Ancient Rodentlike Creature Once Dominated Earth A fossil of a chipmunklike animal discovered in China is now helping reveal how this group of mammals reigned
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#Ancient Roots: Flowers May have existed When First Dinosaur Was born Newfound fossils hint that flowering plants arose 100 million years earlier than scientists previously thought suggesting flowers may have existed
These well-preserved fossils discovered in two core samples drilled in northern Switzerland are about 245 million years old dating back to the earliest known dinosaur in the middle Triassic period.
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#Ancient Shipwreck Reveals 2, 000-Year-Old Eye Medicine Ancient gray disks loaded with zinc
Scientists analyzed six flat gray tablets approximately 1. 6 inches (4 centimeters) in diameter and 0. 4 inches (1 cm) thick that were found in a round tin box
To learn more about these potentially medicinal tablets researchers investigated the chemical mineralogical and botanical composition of fragments of a broken tablet.
The data revealed extraordinary information on the composition of the tablets and on their possible therapeutic use.
The tablets also contained starch pine resin beeswax and a mix of plant-and animal-derived fats perhaps including olive oil.
Pollen grains were numerous with about 1400 grains per gram seen in the tablets. These came from olive wheat and many other plants such as stinging nettles and alder trees.
Linen fibers were seen which may have helped keep the tablets from crumbling. Charcoal was detected as well which may be residue from other ingredients
Intriguingly the Latin word for eyewash collyrium derives from a Greek word meaning small round loaves This fact highlights the notion that these small round tablets are linked with eye health.
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#Ancient Traces of Terrace Farming Found Near Petra The ancient city of Petra which was carved into the desert cliffs of modern-day Jordan might look inhospitably bone-dry today
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#Animal Sex: How Peafowls Do it Peacocks and peahens ogether known as peafowls are world famous for the peacock's enormous flashy train
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#Another 1930s Dust bowl Drought Possible This Century (Op-Ed) Marlene Cimons of Climate Nexus contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices:
. When you have these endless El Niã os and La Niã as against this background droughts will tend to get worse.''
The upcoming mission to Antarctica will help improve a wide variety of computer models that are used to forecast future climate
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#Antioxidants May not Help Prevent Stroke, Dementia Contrary to previous research a diet rich in antioxidants may not reduce a person s risk for stroke
This story was provided by Myhealthnewsdaily a sister site to Livescience. Follow Rachael Rettner on Twitter@Rachaelrettner
or Myhealthnewsdaily@Myhealth mhnd. We're also on Facebook & Google+l
#Anti-Poaching Agreement Reached in Effort to Halt Illegal Ivory Trade Several African and Asian nations embroiled in the illegal trade of ivory have agreed to take urgent action to crack down on poaching in an effort to protect vulnerable populations of elephants across Africa.
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#Anti-Science Riders Lurk in Pending Farm bill (Op-Ed) Celia Wexler is a senior Washington representative for the Scientific Integrity Initiative at UCS.
This article is adapted from a post on the UCS blog The Equation. There's an old and well honored legislative strategy of tucking otherwise unacceptable and noxious proposals into must-pass bills.
The Sound Science rider My favorite lump of coal is named the erroneously Sound Science rider which I've already discussed in an earlier blog.
Also snuck into the bill are a couple of provisions that would allow big agricultural livestock operations to keep even basic information about their businesses even their location and phone numbers from public disclosure.
This Op-Ed will appear on the UCS blog The Equation. The views expressed are those of the author
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#Arctic Going Green from Warming, Study Finds Large swaths of the Arctic tundra will be warm enough to support lush vegetation
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This is an edited version of a post that appeared on Jon Tennant s blog. Jon Tennant does not work for consult to own shares in
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#Arsenic in Rice Not a Risk Over Short term, FDA Finds Levels of arsenic in rice appear to be too low to pose health risks over the short term the Food
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#As Superbugs Rise, New Studies Point To Factory Farms (Op-Ed) Peter Lehner is executive director of the Natural resources Defense Council (NRDC.
which will appear on the NRDC blog Switchboard. Lehner contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices:
The Central african republic must act immediately to secure this unique United nations educational scientific and cultural organization World Heritage site. The brutal violence we are witnessing in Dzanga Bai threatens to destroy one of the world's great natural treasures
and the Republic of the Congo to assist the Central african republic in preserving this World Heritage Site
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The site also happened to be beside a globally important wetland but the parrot copped the blame
However few of these sites still get parrots even though the birds have learnt to eat the weeds.
The birds are also under pressure at breeding sites in Tasmania. The birds nest in tree hollows that are favoured also by species introduced to Tasmania-such as the European Starling
-which steal the nest sites. Fortunately few starlings visit Melaleuca. And for most of its history there have been very few people either.
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Groups like the Hills Conservation Network contend that the clearing is actually an environmentally destructive effort to create space for new UC Berkeley facilities.
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#Autumn Equinox: 5 Odd Facts About Fall The pools have closed and crisp temperatures and crunchy leaves are on their way.
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#Babies Abound at Penguin Colony Found by Poop A recent visit to a remote Antarctic emperor penguin colony found thousands of fuzzy penguin chicks meaning the colony is even bigger than previously thought.
I didn't find more than five dead little chicks at the overwintering place Hubert told Livescience's Ouramazingplanet in an email interview from Antarctica.
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but they suspect the fuzzy hairs on bees'bodies bristle up under an electrostatic force just like human hair in front of a television screen.
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They found thin layers of iridium in rocks that dated to 65 million years ago
and since iridium is naturally very rare On earth they proposed that it s source was a meteorite that impacted the Earth at this time.
but other researchers began to find similar iridium layers in rocks from other locations On earth suggesting a global event
Most of the characteristics of the today s world now appeared including centralized government and power military forces and warfare institutionalized religion patriarchy monetary systems poverty large-scale agriculture trade networks and empire.<
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#Big Wildfires in the West: Why, How, What To do? This Behind the Scenes article was provided to Livescience in partnership with the National Science Foundation.
and the NSF-funded National Ecological Observatory Network headquartered in Boulder Colo. The High Park wildfire was selected for study
and lentils and egg yolks Email Bahar Gholipourâ or follow her@alterwired. Followâ Livescienceâ@livescience Facebookâ & Google+.
The U s. Fish and Wildlife Service announced a plan Jan 17 to reintroduce the beastsâ according to the Alaska Dispatch a news website.
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and in the field can provide a model for conservation of other megapode species. Email Megan Gannon
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An Online Panda-thon For more information about pandas as well as videos and photos of pandas see Michigan State university's Web site on pandas.
and sell breast milk over the Internet researchers launched a study to see how safe that milk really is.
They sent anonymous purchasing requests to about 500 sellers on a popular U s. milk-sharing website.
In the study the researchers compared the Internet-purchased samples with unpasteurized breast milk samples from a hospital's milk bank
and found higher overall bacterial counts in the Internet samples. Sixty-four percent of the Internet samples tested positive for staphylococcous compared to 25 percent of milk bank samples.
 The results also showed that each additional transit day was associated with an increase in total bacteria count in milk purchased online.
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#Breast Milk Flavored Lollipops Make Debut If you want to know what breast milk tastes like
 On the Lollyphile website curious people can snag a batch of four breast milk-flavored pops for $10 though the price could come down
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#Broccoli Compound Could Prevent Radiation Sickness A byproduct of a chemical found in broccoli could prevent acute radiation poisoning new research suggests.
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#Building a Drought-Proof Farm (Op-Ed) Peter Lehner is executive director of the Natural resources Defense Council (NRDC.
This piece is adapted from a post to the NRDC blog Switchboard. Lehner contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices:
He said the 10000 workers at the site he studied in Giza consumed 105 cattle and 368 sheep or goats every 10 days.
He came to those figures partly by inspecting the bones found at the site--construction gang garbage.
and where to provide the food the workers needed a complex system modern societies need computers to organize.
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This Op-Ed first appeared on the blog A Humane Nation where it ran before appearing in Livescience's Expert Voices:
which first appeared as on the HSUS blog A Humane Nation. The views expressed are those of the author
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#Caffeine Gives Bees a Memory Boost Honeybees like tired office employees like their caffeine suggests a new study finding that bees are more likely to remember plants containing the java ingredient.
Caffeine occurs naturally in the nectar of coffee and citrus flowers. Bees that fed on caffeinated nectar were three times more likely to remember a flower's scent than bees fed sugar alone.
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and fats multiplied by algorithms developed by Atwater so-called Atwater factors. Â But the calculations may not give the right answer.
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#Can Farmers Cry Wolf and then Pocket the Cash?(Op-Ed) Wayne Pacelle is the president and chief executive officer of The Humane Society of the United states (HSUS.
This Op-Ed is adapted from a post on the blog A Humane Nation where the content ran before appearing in Livescience's Expert Voices:
which first appeared as on the HSUS blog A Humane Nation. The views expressed are those of the author
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#Can High-protein diets Help You Lose weight? The Healthy Geezer answers questions about health and aging in his weekly column.
Also choose your protein wisely Zeratsky wrote on the Mayo Clinic website. She recommended eating fish skinless chicken lean beef pork and low-fat dairy products and carbohydrates that are high in fiber such as whole grains vegetables and fruit.
and minerals and face other potential health risks according to the organization's website. The AHA also asserts that more research is needed on the effectiveness of these diets for long-term weight loss.
This Op-Ed is adapted from a post on the blog A Humane Nation where the content ran before appearing in Livescience's Expert Voices:
This much-needed upgrade of the regulatory framework comes as the FDA is still trying to determine the precise cause of a six-year spate of pet illnesses involving more than 3500 dogs with nearly 600 known fatalities apparently stemming from jerky-style pet treats.
which first appeared on the HSUS blog A Humane Nation. The views expressed are those of the author
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#Can We Protect Against The next Moore Tornado? The scenes of devastation in Moore Okla. after a possibly 2-mile-wide tornado tore apart schools and homes on Monday (May 20) led to an inevitable question:
and one won't said Amy Mcgovern a computer scientist at the University of Oklahoma in Norman. Mcgovern and her colleagues are among the researchers trying to improve tornado predictions.
The team has done similar work to predict airplane turbulence with great success so once the database of simulated storms is built using them to predict real-world weather should be said successful she.
We believe our computer weather prediction models might be getting good enough that we might be able to give people somewhat more warning maybe an hour
Colorado State university engineer V. Chandrasekar and his team are working to deploy small networks of radar in urban areas.
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#Carrots & Eye Health: How the Myth Began The myth that carrots improve your eyesight may have its roots in a WORLD WAR II propaganda campaign.
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#Causes of Global Warming Earth's climate has always been in a state of flux according to data gleaned from the geological record ice core samples and other sources.
However since the Industrial revolution began in the late 1700s the world's climate has been changing in a rapid and unprecedented way.
There is no scientific debate on this point the NOAA website states. Indeed virtually every credible source of scientific research from around the world indicates that human causes primarily the burning of fossil fuels
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#Celebrity Endorsements May Spur Kids'Unhealthy Eating Kids eat more of a food product that has been endorsed by a celebrity researchers report in a new study.
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#Celiac disease: Symptoms & Treatment Celiac disease is an autoimmune digestive disease that affects at least 1 in 133 Americans (roughly 1 percent of the population.
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#Chernobyl: Facts About the Nuclear Disaster In the early morning hours of April 26 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine (formerly part of the Soviet union) exploded creating
and to moderate the reactivity of the nuclear core as the core heats up and produces more steam the increase in steam bubbles
or voids in the water reduces the reactivity in the nuclear core. This is an important safety feature found in most reactors built in the United states and other Western nations.
But not in the RBMK-1000 which used graphite to moderate the core's reactivity
and to keep a continuous nuclear reaction occurring in the core. As the nuclear core heated
and produced more steam bubbles the core became more reactive not less creating a positive-feedback loop that engineers refer to as a positive-void coefficient.
The day before the Chernobyl nuclear disaster plant operators were preparing for a onetime shutdown to perform routine maintenance on reactor number 4. In violation of safety regulations operators disabled plant equipment including the automatic shutdown
which because of the RBMK reactors'design flaws created more reactivity in the nuclear core of reactor number 4. The resultant power surge caused an immense explosion that detached the 1000-ton plate covering the reactor core releasing radiation
and other parts of the reactor core around the plant starting a number of intense fires around the damaged reactor
Despite the contamination of the site and the inherent risks in operating a reactor with serious design flaws the Chernobyl nuclear plant continued operation for many years until its last reactor was shut down in December of 2000.
Scientists government officials and other personnel are allowed on the site for inspections and other purposes. And in 2011 Ukraine opened up the area to tourists who want to see firsthand the after-effects of the disaster.
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#Chew on This: 8 Foods for Healthy Teeth Regular brushing and flossing help keep teeth healthy by getting rid of sugars
and food particles that team up with bacteria to form plaque. Plaque produces acid that damages tooth enamel causes cavities and sets the stage for periodontal or gum disease.
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#Chewing gum Doesn't Lead to Weight Loss, Study Suggests Contrary to popular diet advice chewing gum may not help people eat less
In fact the study published in the April issue of the journal Eating Behaviors suggests that chewing gum may lead people to eat chips cookies and candy instead of fruits and veggies.
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#China Combatting Market for Illicit Animal Parts (Op-Ed) Peter Li is a professor at the University of Houston-Downtown and a China policy specialist for Humane Society International (HSI.
A long-running debate on the Chinese Internet has explored whether elements of cultural tradition must evolve with the new challenges faced in the contemporary era.
And Beijing is surrounded by a vast network of coal-burning power plants. But as foul as it is Beijing's air isn't even China's worst:
and low rates of cancer now dine on twice as much meat as Americans consuming one-quarter of the world's supply according to the Telegraph.
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Last year over one million people accessed the results through the Web and newspapers. The cost of the blitzes has doubled almost in six years
Using data available from the Earth-observing Landsat satellite the team looked at all the Western fires that burned more than 1000 acres (400 hectares) of both public and private land starting in 1984.
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#Climate Scientist: 2 Degrees of Warming Too much NEW YORK Famed climate scientist and activist James Hansen has said it before
Part of problem is that even with current levels of emissions the inertia of the climate system means that not all of the warming those emissions will cause has happened yet a certain amount is in the pipeline
told Livescience in an email. Mann said that he saw the paper as less a scientific article than an extended commentary
and value-laden work in a piece that wasn't marked as an opinion Caldeira told Livescience in an email.
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#Cloned Giant Redwoods Planted Around World California's giant redwoods will now be found in six foreign countries.
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The Conservation International team found that water quality was high in the region's upper Palumeu River watershed where they surveyed four sites.
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#Coffee Farms Falter as the World Heats Up (Op-Ed) Peter Lehner is executive director of the Natural resources Defense Council (NRDC.
This Op-Ed was adapted from one that appeared onthe NRDC blog Switchboard. Lehner contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices:
Lehner's most recent Op-Ed was Electric Vehicles Approach Popularity Tipping Point This Op-Ed was adapted from a post on the NRDC blog Switchboard.
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