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After one year about 70 percent of all animals which were tested positive via lymph-PCR had been culled from their herds.
--which is passed into the roots through a network of tissues called the phloem. Cytokinins are known important plant hormones to regulate many aspects of plant growth
They collected data on leaf-change dates for several tree species both in Alaska using the USA National Phenology Network a free online database of seasonal-change observations recorded by scientists
when the analyses include data from macro-scale observations meaning from multiple sites spread over a large area.
Dr Graham Askew from the University's School of Biomedical sciences filmed five Indian peacocks taking off using two high-speed video cameras to try to work out
Extracted from a sixteenth century pig found at the site of the Montsoriu Castle in Girona the data obtained indicates that this ancient pig is closely related to today's Iberian pig.
This makes them among the oldest forest study sites in the world. The forested areas are also representative of the typical climate
and fog while retaining their transparency to radio frequencies (RF). The technology was introduced this month in the American Chemical Society journal Applied materials and Interfaces.
The material is made of graphene nanoribbons atom-thick strips of carbon created by splitting nanotubes a process also invented by the Tour lab
This scanning electron microscope image shows the network of conductive nanoribbons in Rice university's high-density graphene nanoribbon film.
The graphene-infused paint worked well Tour said but where it was thickest it would break down
when exposed to high-powered radio signals. At extremely high RF the thicker portions were absorbing the signal he said.
This scanning electron microscope image shows a closeup of the nanoribbon network in Rice university's high-density graphene nanoribbon film.
but testing showed the graphene nanoribbons themselves formed an active network when applied directly to a surface.
and ice but also be transparent to radio frequencies. It's really frustrating these days to find yourself in a building where your cellphone doesn't work.
Tour noted future generations of long-range Wi-fi may also benefit. It's going to be important as Wi-fi becomes more ubiquitous especially in cities.
Signals can't get through anything that's metallic in nature but these layers are so thin they won't have any trouble penetrating.
and Vladimir Volman an engineer at Lockheed martin. Tour is the T. T. and W. F. Chao Chair in Chemistry as well as a professor of materials science and nanoengineering and of computer science.
#Impact that doomed the dinosaurs helped the forests bloomsome 66 million years ago a 10-km diameter chunk of rock hit the Yukatan peninsula near the site of the small town of Chicxulub with the force of 100 teratons
In addition the researchers measured the density of the leaves'vein networks a measure of the amount of water a plant can transpire and the rate at
Using DNA sequencing technology housed at the UO's Genomics Core Facility scientists sequenced the bacterial 16s RIBOSOMAL RNA gene isolated from the samples.
Dominating the bacterial communities were a core microbiome of taxa including Actinobacteria Alpha-Beta-and Gamma-proteobacteria and Sphingobacteria.
They then compared these sequences to sequences in the International Nucleotide Sequence Database and classified them based on evolutionary relationships.
The Smithsonian forest ecologist and his colleagues hope to collaborate with researchers at the 60 Forest Global Earth Observatory sites coordinated by the Smithsonian's Center for Tropical forest Science to compare interactions at different sites and under different environmental conditions.
Our laboratory has ongoing research with the USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service into remote-reporting Internet-based technologies
and sophisticated by considering broader social concepts such as community networks and social norms. For people interested in wildlife research
At the framework's core is an understanding of how conservation efforts not only directly affect wildlife but also affect people because that in turn can have a significant effect on the wildlife.
Much of things one learns on one site trickles to other sites Carter said. For instance we've seen that how much responsibility local people have to monitor
and chemicals deep into underground rock formations are the subject of new research that synthesizes 165 academic studies and government databases.
whether methane losses from well pads and pipelines outweigh the lower carbon dioxide emissions said Jackson.
Study finds important genes in defense responsewhen corn plants come under attack from a pathogen they sometimes respond by killing their own cells near the site of the attack committing cell suicide to thwart further damage from the attacker.
and a new global database on power plants to create high-resolution planetary maps. These maps provide a scientific independent assessment of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions--something policy-makers can use
The research team combined information from space-based nighttime lights a new population database national statistics on fuel use
and a global database on power plants to create a CO2 emissions map broken down by hour year and region.
With this system once the satellite data is flowing we can update our emissions maps each year.
Faced with this problem researchers from the Network of Biodiversity and Systematics at INECOL effectively located
The Biodiversity and Systematics Network is currently studying the major pest problems for the bean (Vicia faba) one of the crops used for rotation in the highlands of the state using the same bionematicide and some other biocontrol agents.
and meat-rich diets said Gretchen Daily the Bing Professor in Environmental science at Stanford and senior author on the paper.
In an attempt to target healing stem cells to the site of the injury researchers coated iron nanoparticles with two kinds of antibodies proteins that recognize
Through magnetic resonance imaging we were able to see the iron-tagged cells traveling to the site of injury where the healing could begin.
In a presentation today at the Association for Computing Machinery's Mobicom 2014 conference in Maui Hawaii researchers from Rice's Wireless Network Group will unveil a multiuser multiantenna transmission scheme for UHF a portion
of the radio spectrum that is traditionally reserved for television broadcasts. The holy grail of wireless communications is to go both fast and far said lead researcher Edward Knightly professor and chair of Rice's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
Usually you can have one or the other but not both. Wireless local area networks today can serve data very fast
but one brick wall and they're done. UHF can travel far but it hasn't had the high capacity of Wifi.
This provides the best of both worlds he said of the new technology. Rice's technology combines several proven technologies that are used already widely in wireless data transmission.
One of these is multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) a scheme that employs multiple antennae to boost data rates without the need for additional channels or transmitter power.
In effect MIMO allows for a larger wireless pipeline and the technology is standard in the latest generation of wireless routers
UHF is referred often to as the beach front portion of the wireless spectrum because the signals travel for miles and one popular idea for the liberated portion of the spectrum is for open wireless access points like those used for today's Wifi hotspots.
Using UHF for broadband Internet is particularly appealing for rural areas where wired brandband is unavailable.
When comparing UHF and Wifi there's usually a tradeoff of capacity for range or vice versa said Rice graduate student Narendra Anand the lead author of the new study.
Imagine that the Wifi access point in your home or office sends data down a 100-lane highway
but it's only one mile long. For UHF the highway is 100 miles long but only three or four lanes wide.
Based on Rice's wireless open-access research platform or WARP the system allowed the team to perform a side-by-side comparison of multiuser MIMO for UHF and for both 2. 4 gigahertz and 5. 8 gigahertz Wifi.
Based on over-the-air experiments in a range of indoor and outdoor operating environments we found that UHF-band multiuser MIMO compared favorably
The observations from WMO's Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) network showed that CO2 levels increased more between 2012 and 2013 than during any other year since 1984.
At this cleavage site the protein segment covering part of the enzyme active site is removed and the substrates (tyrosine and other monophenols) can be accessed
Physicists find 2-D form pays no heed to defectsdefects damage the ideal properties of many two-dimensional materials like carbon-based graphene.
Like perfect graphene--but unlike imperfect graphene--it performs as expected. View 2-D phosphorus from above and it looks like graphene boron nitride or other dichalcogenides with its rows of hexagons.
But at an angle phosphorus reveals its true form as alternate atoms jut out of the matrix.
In fact 2-D phosphorus has more in common with three-dimensional silicon the most common element in semiconducting electronics like computer chips.
In fact Liu said several experimental reports have shown already it can be a better transistor than 2-D metal dichalcogenides.
The researchers used the Data analysis and Visualization Cyberinfrastructure supercomputer supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF)
and administered by Rice's Ken Kennedy Institute for Information technology as well as NSF's XSEDE and the Department of energy's National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center supercomputers.
or two even with high-performance computers explains Dr Thorsten Wiegand of the UFZ. The recently published research findings are part of the Spatiodiversity project.
Andreas Huth have spent the last five years using computer models to analyse ecosystems to explore the composition and dynamics of species-rich communities in tropical rainforests.
The cell removal process leaves behind an intact network of blood vessels that can potentially supply the new organ with oxygen.
The sensitivity of the global climate system to BVOC emissions suggests the importance of establishing a global-scale long-term monitoring program for BVOC emissions Unger noted.
when combined with the historical record of changes captured by the U s s longstanding program of Earth-orbiting satellites such as Landsat and MODIS.
Now a comprehensive database of CWR for China exists and the priority species have been identified the next step is to systematically conserve their diversity in situ
but the politics of establishing a network for in situ protection of CWR and for accessing plant material for crop improvement is incredibly complex.
Now a comprehensive database of globally important CWR exists thanks to this study. The inventory lists 173 crops and their 1667 priority wild relatives along with their particular traits.
Ethiopian researchers will monitor the sites and assess the impact. As a second step scientists are poised to release a stem-boring weevil that will join Zygogramma.
Using production and trade data for agricultural food commodities collected by the United nations'Food and agriculture organization the study reconstructs the global food trade network in terms of food calories traded among countries.
and the global food network has become 50 percent more interconnected said Paolo D'Odorico a U. Va. professor of environmental sciences and the study's lead author.
Peach stones are represented well at archeological sites in the Yangtze valley so they compared the size
and structure of the stones from six sites that spanned a period of roughly 5000 years.
By comparing the size of the stones from each site they were able to discern peaches growing significantly larger over time in the Yangtze valley demonstrating that domestication was taking place The first peach stones in China most similar to modern
Steenwerth has posted a blog entry about the paper on the Biomed Central blog. The blog and the paper were supported by the UC Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental sciences.
A third global science conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture is scheduled to be held March 16-18 2015 in Montpellier France.
The researchers placed two radio frequency identification (RFID) devices into each pallet of strawberries as they were picked.
A computer model used by researchers calculated ozone levels during crop growing seasons that were more than 40 to 50 parts per billion over most of the country.
The membrane they worked on referred to as PIM-1 is embedded typically with a network of channels
Monitoring programs throughout the years provided a wealth of information on underwater grasses (since 1958) water quality (since 1984) and even climate-related variables such as temperature and rivers discharge dating back to the late 1800s.
Wondering how common the species might be in the U s. the researchers tapped in to their citizen science network
The above story is provided based on materials by The JAMA Network Journals. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
They therefore quizzed adult smokers on the phone about their tobacco purchasing habits a year before the plain packaging policy was introduced in 2011;
The grant is part of NASA's global carbon monitoring program which is part of an international focus on reducing emissions due to deforestation.
and should be incorporated into different land use policies such as the Brazilian Forest Code programs for ecosystems payments or in socioenvironmental certification incentives.
Nutrition Research center Epidemiology and Genetics Core. An unhealthy diet has long been considered a major contributor to the development of diabetes
and trends in their spread using global databases to investigate the factors that influence the number of countries reached by pests and the number of pests in each country.
Again the two-step communication system is at work Anã adds. The curling process itself can only begin
The large dust grains seen by the GBT would suggest that at least some protostars may arise in a more nurturing environment for planets said Scott Schnee an astronomer with the National Radio astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in Charlottesville Virginia.
The filaments are dotted with many dense knots known as cores. Some of the cores are just starting to coalesce
while others have begun to form protostars--the first early concentrations of dust and gas along the path to star formation.
Based on earlier maps of this region made with the IRAM 30 meter radio telescope in Spain the astronomers expected to find a certain brightness to the dust emission
The second scenario is that the rocky particles originally grew inside a previous generation of cores or perhaps even protoplanetary disks.
The GBT is the world's largest fully steerable radio telescope. Its location in the National Radio Quiet Zone and the West virginia Radio astronomy Zone protects the incredibly sensitive telescope from unwanted radio interference.
Later this year the GBT will receive two new more advanced high frequency cameras: MUSTANG-1. 5 the even more-sensitive successor to MUSTANG and ARGUS a camera designed for mapping the distribution of organic molecules in space.
The National Radio astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities Inc. Story Source:
The above story is provided based on materials by National Radio astronomy Observatory. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
To test this prediction Youngsteadt went to 20 sites where historical specimens were collected from 1970 to 1997
Sure enough scale abundance had increased at 16 of the 20 sites Youngsteadt says. Overall we found a total of about five times more scale insects in 2013 than on the historical specimens from the same locations.
Determined to investigate the importance of skin color in judgements of facial attractiveness as well as mate choices in three separate yet linked Internet-based studies the team set out to examine the importance of high levels of these pigments (carotenoids
Daniel Strã mbom of Uppsala University and colleagues then used data from these devices together with computer simulations to develop a mathematical shepherding model.
and silenced with one spritz said one product reviewer on Amazon com. It's changed my life.
Mcglone contacted a canine research site he had worked with on previous experiments knowing this site had a wide array of adult dogs both mixed and pure breeds.
and hit the stores as Stop That for both dogs and cats available at Petsmart or through Amazon com.
New algorithm lets drones monitor their own health during long package-delivery missionsin the near future the package that you ordered online may be deposited at your doorstep by a drone:
The team first developed an algorithm that enables a drone to monitor aspects of its health in real time.
With the algorithm a drone can predict its fuel level and the condition of its propellers cameras and other sensors throughout a mission and take proactive measures--for example rerouting to a charging station--if needed.
In simulations involving multiple deliveries under various environmental conditions the researchers found that their drones delivered as many packages as those that lacked health-monitoring algorithms--but with far fewer failures or breakdowns.
which can be a monumental task in computing. Agha-mohammadi chose to simplify the problem by splitting the computation into two parts:
#New satellite data will help farmers facing droughtabout 60 percent of California is experiencing exceptional drought the U s. Drought Monitor's most dire classification.
Currently there is no ground-or satellite-based global network monitoring soil moisture at a local level.
and computer analysis tools to better see how our planet is changing. The agency shares this unique knowledge with the global community
To quantify the poaching death toll researchers drew on data and experience from a continent-wide intensive monitoring program.
The most thoroughly studied site was Samburu in northern Kenya where every elephant birth and death over the past 16 years has been recorded.
and illegal killing rates to model population trends for the species. The UN-mandated continental Monitoring of Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE) programme establishes cause of death for each elephant carcass found in these sites
The other used proxy variables such as Chinese consumption rates and a corruption index to estimate illegal killing in 300 sites.
Dr. Mahalingam is studying how wildland fire propagates in an effort to be able to more accurately model such fires via physically based computational models.
when wildland fires will be forecast using computer models just as accurately as we now can forecast the next day's weather.
Everyone from government agencies to developers to forest managers to firefighters --and even potential evacuees--could benefit from reliable physically sound fire prediction tools.
) In a computer model we are using very small volumes of space on the order of one cubic millimeter on one end to a cubic meter on the other end he says.
Shrubs burned in controlled settings are being compared to computer modeled shrub fires to assess predictive qualities.
The molecules have a binding site for SUMO protein. As soon as this attaches CES moves to nuclear bodies.
Vizier a database where researchers can post their astronomical data was a starting point but since not everyone posts their data online many times Hinkel had to go to individual papers
For instance the atlas has helped its users assess sea level rise hazards in Florida's Miami-Dade County high-risk areas for stormwater runoff in southern California and the best habitat restoration sites in two watersheds
#Make your mobile device live up to its true potential: As a data collection toolleaf measurements are often critical in plant physiological and ecological studies
Researchers at the University of California Davis have developed Easy Leaf Area--a free software written in an open-source programming language--to allow users to accurately measure leaf area from digital images in seconds.
I decided to attempt to write software to automatically measure leaf and scale area from smartphone images explains Hsien Ming Easlon a researcher at UC Davis and one of the developers of Easy Leaf Area.
Leaf area measurements are essential for estimating crop yields water usage nutrient absorption plant competition and many other aspects of growth.
The digital images he uses are taken with the Apple IPHONE 4 but any current smartphone camera or digital camera will do.
Once the images are uploaded to a computer Easy Leaf Area can process hundreds of images and save the results to a spreadsheet-ready CSV file.
The Windows executable software is free to download and can be modified to suit specific experimental requirements.
A full report including links to additional resources is available in a recent issue of Applications in Plant sciences.
Easlon recalls Our lab started using digital cameras when I was a graduate student. We figured out how to use Photoshop to measure areas in digital images but this method still required one to five minutes of human input per image.
Five minutes per image may not seem like a long time but multiply that by hundreds of plants--a normal sample size
--and those minutes add up Fast by automating data analysis researchers can save countless hours of manual labor improve the accuracy
Manual adjustments to the automatic algorithm can be saved for different plants and field conditions making this a practical tool for researchers in many plant science fields.
so that leaf area measurements can be made on the fly without a PC. He also plans to add handwriting recognition
or barcode reading to the software. This will automatically interpret labeled plant stakes and assign the proper file names to each image.
or knowledge to develop software for themselves so scientific use of smartphones is limited primarily to built-in features.
The processing power connectivity built-in sensors storage capacity and low price give smartphones great potential to replace many single-purpose devices for scientific data collection explains Easlon.
This computer-based technique is used widely to code policy positions of party manifestos and lobbyists but it is thought to be the first time it has been applied to measure the effects of different lobby groups on tobacco control.
#New test reveals purity of graphene: Scientists use terahertz waves to spot contaminantsgraphene may be tough
Because it's so easy to accidently introduce impurities into graphene labs led by physicists Junichiro Kono of Rice
They expect the finding to be important to manufacturers considering the use of graphene in electronic devices.
It was made possible by the Rice-based Nanojapan program through which American undergraduates conduct summer research internships in Japanese labs. Even a single molecule of a foreign substance can contaminate graphene enough to affect its electrical and optical properties
The researchers used it as a substrate for graphene. Hitting the combined material with femtosecond pulses from a near-infrared laser prompted the indium phosphide to emit terahertz back through the graphene.
Imperfections as small as a stray oxygen molecule on the graphene were picked up by a spectrometer.
The change in the terahertz signal due to adsorption of molecules is said remarkable Kono. Not just the intensity but also the waveform of emitted terahertz radiation totally and dynamically changes in response to molecular adsorption and desorption.
The laser gradually removes oxygen molecules from the graphene changing its density and we can see that Kono said.
The experiment involved growing pristine graphene via chemical vapor deposition and transferring it to an indium phosphide substrate.
Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.
For any future device designs using graphene we have to take into account the influence of the surroundings said Kono.
Graphene in a vacuum or sandwiched between noncontaminating layers would probably be stable but exposure to air would contaminate it he said.
The Rice and Osaka labs are continuing to collaborate on a project to measure the terahertz conductivity of graphene on various substrates he said.
Rebozo also identified sites where gentians grow unmanaged or mowed including one mowed roadside site where gentians happened to grow.
and burning disturbances were introduced the gentians responded with increased plant density (more than doubled at some sites) flowering percentage
In New jersey the most densely populated state in the country the network of roads can dramatically shape the area of land that snake populations can occupy without facing significant risk of population loss during road crossings.
and other artificial substrates (e g. cell towers billboards buildings) are preferred overwhelmingly by ravens as nesting sites
The study took place on the sagebrush landscapes of the U s. Department of energy's Idaho site
and surrounding areas in Idaho USA locating nest sites for all four species over a three year span Researchers analyzed four primary factors that influence nest locations among species:
and Red-tailed hawks selected nest sites in close proximity to habitat edges while Swainson's and Ferruginous Hawks selected nest sites far from habitat edges.
These and other online tools can be found by going to the U2u website at http://www. agclimate4u. org
With a lower supply of coffee in the market prices rise and that favors fraud because of the economic gain says research team leader Suzana Lucy Nixdorf Ph d. In 2012 a study from the U k.'s Royal Botanic Gardens
Now however Nixdorf and her team at State university of Londrina in Brazil have developed a way to nip coffee counterfeiting in the bud.
because if there is a large amount of impurities they were added probably purposefully--not by accident as some producers claim says Nixdorf.
This gives her team a much closer look at the ingredients in an unbiased way according to Nixdorf.
when using chromatography that separates out the real coffee compounds says Nixdorf. The added unwanted grain fillers generate different levels of sugars than the natural ingredients
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