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Most efforts to establish the root of risky decisions made by human teenagers focus on the underdeveloped prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain responsible for mental processes like long-term planning and judgement.
Successfully completing the tasks relies on the prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain larger in humans than other animals, New Scientist reported.
like those form the gut#and the somatosensory cortex during the emotional reactivity task. Further, in response to the task, these women had a decrease in the engagement of a widespread network in the brain that includes emotion-,cognition-and sensory-related areas.
the women consuming probiotics showed greater connectivity between a key brainstem region known as the periaqueductal grey and cognition-associated areas of the prefrontal cortex.
The neurons they were watching lie in a part of the brain called the entorhinal cortex. It sits in the lower part of the brain near its intersection with the brain stem.
the entorhinal cortex gets input about the environment from the senses and sends its output up to the hippocampus
 As a rat walked around the enclosure a neuron in the entorhinal cortex fired;
Grid cells are distributed irregularly in the entorhinal cortex and each one produces a slightly different grid.
In humans the entorhinal cortex is one of the first areas to degenerate in Alzheimer's disease.
while tiny microelectrodes monitored neurons in the entorhinal cortex. When Buffalo and her coworkers compared eye-tracking results to the electrode measurements they found that the monkeys like the rats were using neurons in the entorhinal cortex to construct a triangular grid they could superimpose on their environment.
 Primates though are sophisticated more cartographers: the monkeys were able to activate their grid cells simply by looking around.
Studies of brain changes in Alzheimer's disease in humans consistently show localized degeneration in the same parts of the entorhinal cortex where Buffalo found grid cells in monkeys.
Their trippy brain study is detailed in the April 2014 issue of the journal Cortex.
But in the resting brain scan the women also showed increased connectivity in the periaqueductal gray region and the prefrontal cortex
But in the resting brain scan the women also showed increased connectivity in the periaqueductal gray region and the prefrontal cortex
Activate your anterior cingulate cortex with a little meditationscientists like Buddhist monks and Zen masters have known for years that meditation can reduce anxiety but not how.
The study revealed that meditation-related anxiety relief is associated with activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex areas of the brain involved with executive-level function.
During meditation there was more activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex the area of the brain that controls worrying.
In addition when activity increased in the anterior cingulate cortex--the area that governs thinking and emotion--anxiety decreased.
--which processes and integrates internal body sensations like those form the gut--and the somatosensory cortex during the emotional reactivity task.
During the resting brain scan the women consuming probiotics showed greater connectivity between a key brainstem region known as the periaqueductal grey and cognition-associated areas of the prefrontal cortex.
when healthy volunteers are injected with psilocybin the drug switched off a front part of the brain called the anterior cingulate cortex
'which the anterior cingulate cortex is part of. The default mode network is a part of the brain between the front and back.
After stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) young women experience increased cravings for high-calorie snacks
which involves the prefrontal cortex and supports working memory so you can make decisions. As you repeat the behavior in the same context the information is reorganized in your brain.
We found that the brown lesions in the cortex were suppressed completely by DPA application even
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