and are presented In public Health Nutrition today. It is time to act says Agneta Yngve professor of culinary arts
and meal science at Ãebro University who together with Christel Lynch Bettina Ehrenblad and Eric Poortvliet from Karolinska Institutet and researchers from nine other European countries have examined how much fruit
and vegetables in your diet reduces the risk of heart disease stroke diabetes and even some forms of cancer The World health organization WHO recommends a daily intake of at least 400 grams of fruit and vegetables.
when it comes to vegetables. 55 per cent add vegetables to their diet on a daily basis says Agneta Yngve.
We believe this is down to Swedish school lunches. A good selection of salads and vegetables are offered normally.
At the same time Swedish children are far from getting enough vegetables. An average of 141 grams per day simply is not sufficient.
if the worm's egg cocoons survived a particularly harsh Wisconsin winter. That appears to be the case according to Brad Herrick arboretum ecologist
The Amynthas eat so much that they take away the spongy surface organic layer that those plants need for nutrients.
However a new study published in the journal Environment International has estimated for the first time the potential cancer risk by age group through non-dietary ingestion and dermal exposure to third hand smoke.
Other bee species are generalists flitting among flower species to drink nectar and collect pollen from a diverse variety of plants.
A bee collects pollen on its body as it laps sugar-rich nectar from within the cupped interior of the flower's petals
and retracting it to lap up the nectar. If its tongue is too short to reach the nectar the bee has a problem.
Long flowers like honeysuckle or columbine are too deep for short-tongued bees. But longer isn't always better;
whose mutation affects plant stem growth a finding that could lead to the development of improved soybean cultivars for the northern United states. Purdue agronomy professor Jianxin Ma (pronounced Jen-SHIN'Ma)
#Experts voice concerns over arsenic in riceinorganic arsenic in rice and rice-based foods poses health concerns in infants and young children and steps should be taken to minimize exposure according to a commentary in the Journal
of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition official journal of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the North american Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.
The inorganic arsenic levels of dietary products used by children should be regulated according to the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition.
The commentary includes the recommendation that Rice drinks should not be used in infants and young children.
But currently the arsenic content of foods is regulated not in the European union or the United states. No safe level of arsenic can be identified--any exposure may increase health risks.
and rice-based foods--mainly concentrated in the bran layers. Therefore the risk from consumption of products made from rice bran such as rice drinks is much higher than from raw
but polished (white rice the Committee on Nutrition points out. There's special concern about exposure to arsenic in rice in infants and young children.
Because of its availability nutritional value and relatively low allergenic potential rice is used a widely carbohydrate source during weaning.
In addition rice and rice products such as starch flour and syrup are added commonly to infant foods and drinks.
Data are available on arsenic levels in infant foods and rice drinks but data is limited for rice protein-based infants formulas.
Recommendations to limit exposure to arsenic in ricebecause of these concerns the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition urges regulation of the inorganic arsenic content of dietary products used by infants and children.
Their recommendations state that rice-based formulas are an option for infants allergic to cow's milk
Otherwise the Committee recommends avoiding rice drinks for infants and young children. The authors suggest limiting children's exposure to arsenic rice by including a variety of grains in their diets such as oats barley wheat and maize (corn) in addition to rice.
In areas of the world where rice consumption is very high the rice types (cultivars) with the lowest arsenic content should be identified
and used for the preparation of infant foods. The Committee calls for further research on the inorganic arsenic content of rice and other foods and its lifelong impact on health.
They conclude These data will allow the development of evidence-based recommendations regarding the acceptable arsenic content in different foods for infants and children.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Wolters Kluwer Health. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Their data on rainfall fluctuations and on the productivity and regenerative capacity of pasture vegetation formed the basis for the ecological part of the model.
All this can cause the involuntary ingestion of the fungus when eating the fruit. Researchers conducted tests by infecting commercial kiwifruit with spores of Alternaria alternata
those that retained a single copy went on to become the plant we now know as sorghum.
and shows how human selection has sculpted'copies of genes to create one of the world's staple food sources.'
However there is increasing evidence that the global honey bee trade has detrimental effects including the spread of new diseases
and cattle) but--as they were in use at the height of the empire--tokens could have been used to represent commodities such as oil wool and wine.
and age influenced the way mammoths grew into the huge adults that captivate us today said co-author Zachary T. Calamari of the American Museum of Natural history who began investigating mammoths as a U-M undergraduate working with Fisher.
-and phosphate-bearing mineral that commonly forms in cold oxygen-poor settings such as lake bottoms. It's possible that Lyuba crashed through the ice while crossing a lake during the spring melt.
Lactic acid-producing bacteria ate away at her bones after death possibly liberating the phosphate ions used to make vivianite Fisher said.
In addition to Fisher and Calamari the paper's authors are Ethan A. Shirley Christopher D. Whalen and Adam Rountrey of the U-M Museum of Paleontology;
Calamari Shirley and Whalen are recent U-M graduates and spent a month in Siberia with Fisher in 2012 searching for mammoth remains.
By'staining'the plaque with curcumin a component of the common spice turmeric we could detect it in the retina even before it began to accumulate in the brain.
#Nutritional, food safety benefits of organic farming documented by major studythe largest study of its kind has found that organic foods
and safety of organic and conventional plant-based foods including fruits vegetables and grains. The study team applied sophisticated meta-analysis techniques to quantify differences between organic and nonorganic foods.
Science marches on said Charles Benbrook a Washington state University researcher and the lone American co-author of the paper published in The british Journal of Nutrition.
Our team learned valuable lessons from earlier reviews on this topic and we benefited from the team's remarkable breadth of scientific skills and experience.
and food safety differences not detected in earlier studies. For example the new study incorporates the results of a research project led by WSU's John Reganold that compared the nutritional and sensory quality of organic and conventional strawberries grown in California.
The british Journal of Nutrition study was led by scientists at Newcastle University in the United kingdom with Benbrook helping design the study write the paper and review the scientific literature particularly on studies in North and South america.
and will marshal the extra resources into producing sugars and starches. As a result the harvested portion of the plant will often contain lower concentrations of other nutrients including health-promoting antioxidants Without the synthetic chemical pesticides applied on conventional crops organic plants also tend to produce more phenols
and polyphenols to defend against pest attacks and related injuries. In people phenols and polyphenols can help prevent diseases triggered
The researchers also found pesticide residues were three to four times more likely in conventional foods than organic ones as organic farmers are allowed not to apply toxic synthetic pesticides.
While crops harvested from organically managed fields sometimes contain pesticide residues the levels are usually 10-fold to 100-fold lower in organic food compared to the corresponding conventionally grown food.
This study is telling a powerful story of how organic plant-based foods are nutritionally superior
A doubling of cadmium from food could push some individuals over safe daily intake levels.
More than half the studies in the Newcastle analysis were not available to the research team that carried out a 2009 study commissioned by the UK Food Standards Agency.
but incorporated less than half the number of comparisons for most health-promoting nutrients. We benefited from a much larger and higher quality set of studies than our colleagues who carried out earlier reviews said Carlo Leifert a Newcastle University professor and the project leader.
but the news isn't all bad according to Dr. Srinivasulu Ale Agrilife Research geospatial hydrology assistant professor in Vernon Texas. Long-term (1930-2010) trends in groundwater levels in Texas:
and Ale was published in the Science of the Total Environment journal recently. Ale said they conducted the study
because by 2060 the state's population is expected to double increasing the demand for water at a time
and lacked the statewide panoramic view Ale and Chaudhuri wanted to present. They wanted an overview of trends in groundwater levels from 1930 to 2010
There is a brighter note Ale said. Interestingly the trends we observed over the decades show the water-level declines are leveling off recently in some parts of the state including GMA 8 suggesting a recovery from historical drawdown due to implementation of conservation
and regulatory strategies Ale said. The leveling off of the decline has been seen in the past decade after the implementation of the GMAS
Ale said the need for more spatially intensive and frequent water-level monitoring has been realized over the course of this study.
The authors assumed that the elimination of Gmchx1 in salt-sensitive germplasms may be an example of negative selection against a stress tolerance gene in unstressed environments.
The major nutrient in fertilizer is nitrate. A New mexico State university turfgrass expert has a new vision for even more efficiency.
and its capability of being spread will be enhanced. Now evidence is available that this underlying concept works in practice says Kari Tiilikkala Professor at MTT.
The disease is most likely spread by wind-driven rain or overhead irrigation and some crape myrtle varieties are more susceptible than others.
and is spread by factors such as overhead irrigation systems and large numbers of plants kept in close quarters.
Most bacterial diseases can be spread in wind-driven rain and in Florida we know there's no shortage of that said Mathews Paret an assistant professor of plant pathology who led the study.
while Carolina Beauty Arapaho Tuscarora White Chocolate Red Rocket and Rhapsody in Pink were more susceptible in field trials funded by the Florida Nursery Growers and Landscape Association.
#Hunger for vegetable oil means trouble for Africas great apesthe vegetable oil found in your popcorn or soap might not be ape friendly
The growing demand for vegetable oil has led already to the conversion of Southeast Asian forest into oil palm plantations bringing trouble for orangutans in particular.
If guidelines are not put in place very soon researchers say the spread of those large-scale industrial plantations from Asia into Africa will be bad news for great apes there as well.
Palm oil is found in a large number of products from popcorn to candy to soap to cosmetics making growth of the tropical trees a very lucrative industry.
or prevent further spread. In the case of A. gracilipes in the Vallã e de Mai further research into control
but could affect other food availability and the overall economy. Drought conditions lead to poor pasture conditions and hay production which then impacts the number of cattle ranchers can graze Knapp said.
Then it starts trickling into the community because if you have wheat farmers with very low production they most likely also received very low income Knapp said.
#Food imagery ideal for teaching doctors--but they must have strong stomachsfrom'beer belly'to'port wine stain'food imagery has a long history of being used in medicine to identify the diagnostic features of a wide range of conditions
In a gastronomic tour of some of the many food descriptors used in medicine the author highlights imagery such as'anchovy sauce'to describe the pus from a liver abscess through'sago spleen'to indicate protein (amyloid) deposits to'oat
And'egg shell crackling'denotes the grating sound indicative of the bone tumour ameloblastoma. Fruit is also popular as in'apple
Water melon oranges currant jelly grapes and cherry all find their way into visual clues for a range of conditions
while breakfast food imagery is common. A'croissant'appearance in a cell nucleus is indicative of a benign growth on peripheral nerves.
Similarly a'blueberry muffin'rash is characteristic of congenital rubella while the appearance of a red blood cell is referred to as'doughnut'shaped.
There's even a reference to an entire dish as a skin condition called tinea versicolor is denoted by its'spaghetti and meatball'appearance.
The author suggests that food descriptors reflect a basic human need for survival or perhaps the fact that many medical practitioners are forced to grab their meals on the job.
But doctors must have strong stomachs she says. It is a wonder that in the midst of the smells
and sights of human affliction a physician has the stomach to think of food at all she suggests.
But she adds: Whatever the genesis these time honored allusions have been and will continue to be a lively learning inducement for generations of budding physicians.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by BMJ-British Medical Journal. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Several years ago they had evidenced already the interactive effects of different insecticides (the cocktail effect)
#New persimmon milkshake with high antioxidant potential created by scientistsa team of researchers of the Universitat Politã cnica de Valã ncia have made a new persimmon milkshake with high antioxidant potential.
The key to making a drink with these properties is used a technique in fruit processing:
and produces a new food with high nutritional value. HHP is a nonthermal technology that keeps the quality attributes of the persimmon
and tannins increasing its antioxidant potential explains Amparo Quiles researcher at the Group of Microstructure and Food Chemistry of the Universitat Politã cnica de Valã ncia.
and even better than those made using other technniques like pasteurization. Benefits of carotenoidswhatâ's more according to the researchers the inclusion of carotenoids in a diet can help to reduce risk of developing diseases such as certain types of cancer heart disease or damage to vision especially those related to an aging population.
Economic profitbesides nutritional and functional benefits the research developed in the UPV laboratories is particularly interesting to the industry from an economic point of view
The work by researchers of the UPV has been published in Food & Function journal. Story Source:
A research team led by Michael Jenkins associate professor of forest ecology found that a 17-yearlong Indiana Department of Natural resources policy of organizing hunts in state parks has spurred successfully the regrowth of native tree seedlings herbs
The health of deer in state parks also dwindled as their food sources shrank. To check the overabundant deer populations the DNR introduced controlled hunts in state parks in 1993 with most parks adopting the strategy by 1996.
Herbs such as asters violets and goldenrods increased from about 20 percent to 32 percent cover
and discouraged the spread of invasive and exotic species said Lindsay Jenkins. We saw a striking improvement in the quality
#New recreational travel model to help states stop firewood assisted insect travelthe spread of damaging invasive forest pests is powered only partially by the insects'own wings.
The study Using a Network Model to Assess Risk of Forest Pest Spread via Recreational Travel was published July 9 in the journal PLOS ONE
 The role of humans in the spread of invasive insects such as the emerald ash borer and Asian longhorned beetle is established well according to the study's lead author Frank Koch a research ecologist with the Forest Service
and slowing the spread of invasive insects. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by USDA Forest Service â#Southern Research Station.
Plants grown from neonicotinoid-treated seed have the pesticide in all their tissues including the nectar and pollen.
The fungus causes charcoal rot in about 500 other host plants including corn sorghum sunflower and other important crops.
This fungus also grows in high concentrations of salt which isn't much of a problem to growers in the United states
which includes some 1500 species of mostly poisonous plants including nightshades but also three economically important global food crops:
Prickles are all over this sucker Bohs says. The first specimen of S. cordicitum was collected in October 1974 on U s. 166 about 30 miles west of Fort Davis Texas. Then in September 1990 a Valentine resident named Howard
#Cinnamon may be used to halt progression of Parkinsons disease, study suggestsneurological scientists at Rush University Medical center have found that using cinnamon a common food spice
and flavoring material can reverse the biomechanical cellular and anatomical changes that occur in the brains of mice with Parkinsonâ##s disease (PD).
The results of the study were published recently in the June 20 issue of the Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. â#oecinnamon has been used widely as a spice throughout the world for centuriesâ#said Kalipada Pahan Phd study lead researcher
and the Floyd A. Davis professor of neurology at Rush. â#oethis could potentially be one of the safest approaches to halt disease progression in Parkinsonâ##s patients. â#â#oecinnamon is metabolized in the liver to sodium benzoate
It is used also widely as a food preservative due to its microbiocidal effect. Chinese cinnamon (Cinnamonum cassia) and original Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamonum verum) are two major types of cinnamon that are available in the US. â#oealthough both types of cinnamon are metabolized into sodium benzoate by mass
spectrometric analysis we have seen that Ceylon cinnamon is much more pure than Chinese cinnamon as the latter contains coumarin a hepatotoxic moleculeâ#said Pahan. â#oeunderstanding how the disease works is important to developing effective drugs that protect the brain
and DJ-1 decrease in the brain of PD patients. â#The study found that after oral feeding ground cinnamon is metabolized into sodium benzoate
This research was supported by grants from National institutes of health. â#oenow we need to translate this finding to the clinic and test ground cinnamon in patients with PD.
Based upon its teeth it was probably a leaf-eater which fits nicely with the rainforest environment indicated by the fossil plants at Driftwood Canyon said Dr. Jaelyn Eberle of the University of Colorado lead author of the study.
and related products in addition to 175 hookah lounges and cafes and a disproportionate number of them are in Los angeles near universities and colleges.
and fragmentation resulting from the development of pastures and plantations have had on the Amazon rainforest.
and colleagues of the Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITBM) of Nagoya University have finally found the missing piece in how birds sense light by identifying a deep brain photoreceptor in Japanese quails in
This study led by Professor Yoshimura has revealed that nerve cells existing deep inside the brains of quails called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)- contacting neurons respond directly to light.
and when there is sufficient food to feed their young offspring he continues. In order to breed during this particular season the animals are actually sensing the changes in the seasons based on changes in day length.
We have chosen quails as our targets as they show rapid and robust photoperiodic responses. They are in the same pheasant family as the roosters and exhibit similar characteristics.
It is also worth noting that Toyohashi near Nagoya is the number one producer of quails in Japan explains Professor Yoshimura.
The reproductive organs of quails remain small in size throughout the year and only develop during the short breeding season becoming more than 100 times its usual size in just two weeks.
In most mammals including humans eyes are the exclusive photoreceptor organs. Rhodopsin and rhodopsin family proteins in our eyes detect light
We had revealed already in previous studies reported in 2010 (PNAS) that a photoreceptive protein Opsin-5 exists in the quail's hypothalamus in the brain says Professor Yoshimura.
When people think about food-borne pathogens normally they list bacteria viruses and maybe parasites. Fungal pathogens are considered not as food-borne pathogens.
However this incidence indicates that we need to pay more attention to fungi. Fungal pathogens can threaten our health systems as food-borne pathogens says Lee.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Society for Microbiology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and sulphur stable isotopes analysis is an effective technique to reconstruct nestling Bonelli's Eagle diet according to a paper published in the journal The Ibis. The article is signed by experts Jaime Resano Mayor Antoni Hernã¡
's Eagle diet studies are based on the analysis of pellets undigested food that some raptor species regurgitate.
Besides this conventional technique the stable isotope analysis (SIA) has been used successfully in recent years to study animals'diet
which can indicate diet compositionin order to reconstruct eagles'diet by analysing the isotopic composition of their feathers first authors had to characterise the isotopic composition of Bonelli's Eagle main preys in Catalonia.
and stable isotope analysis. The study showed that the isotopic analysis of feathers allows inferring individual species'diet during the breeding period something that is not possible by using pellet.
However similarity varied among preys in rabbits pigeons and gulls it was moderate; in squirrels and passerines it was lower
and in partridges it was low. Authors highlight that carbon and nitrogen analysis are essential in all cases
and Catalan populations--explains Jaime Resano Mayor--as high consumption of rabbits and partridges in Andalusia reduces trophic diversity.
Differences in prey consumption among territories could primarily be a consequence of variation in prey availability among territories
At a territory level productivity increases in those pairs with low trophic diversity (due to the high consumption of rabbit and partridge) and in those that show medium values of trophic diversity (moderate consumption of rabbit
partridge and pigeons. On the contrary pairs with high trophic diversity show less productivity. Authors point out that these results suggest that individual diet variation within populations is likely to have important ecological and evolutionary implications.
To know diet in order to improve the conservation of a threatened speciesto know diet effects on vital parameters in threatened species like the Bonelli's Eagle is crucial to plan
are detected for eagles conservation actions must be addressed towards the improvement of trophic resources (rabbits partridges pigeons etc.
The research developed by UB research group was supported also by the UB Science and Technology Centres (CCITUB) the Group of Rangers of the Government of Catalonia the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture Nutrition and Environment the Government of Andalusia and The french
and you've spotted a new and particularly lucrative source of nectar and pollen. What's the best way to communicate the location of this prize cache of food to the rest of your nestmates without revealing it to competitors
or eavesdropping spies outside of the colony? Many animals are thought to deter eavesdroppers by making their signals revealing the location or quality of resources less conspicuous to outsiders.
Shouts in their food-recruitment signals warn would-be competitors that their prime source of food will be defended fiercely
It tells nestmates where to find good food and hints at a larger occupying force.
and when food is available. Researchers have thought in general about eavesdropping as a force that makes signals less conspicuous leading to the evolution of'whispers'to counter spying.
'In this stingless bee system with aggressive colonies jockeying for limited resources more conspicuous food-recruitment signals indicate a higher likelihood that a resource will be harder to wrest away.
Lichtenberg's study focused on stingless bees--including two from the genus Trigona that recruit nestmates to food sources with chemically distinct pheromones--that compete with one another for similar food sources.
Trigona hyalinata spies that detect food sources marked by Trigona spinipes foragers will often displace T. spinipes from desirable sites in the wild
But Lichtenberg found in a controlled field study that the eavesdropping species will avoid desirable sources of food that have been visited frequently by T. spinipes (communicated by the larger number of pheromone markings at the site) to avoid being attacked.
However T. hyalinata foragers are attracted to food sources with fewer T. spinipes foragers. The eavesdroppers could take over the highly visited sites by recruiting more of their nestmates
Assembling such a group in the nest after having found a food source through eavesdropping uses time
otherwise spend looking for an unoccupied food source explains Lichtenberg. If the eavesdropper brings too small a group to an occupied food source
and cannot win access to it she and the bees accompanying her have wasted essentially energy.
Our study is one of the first to investigate what drives the behavior of eavesdroppers collecting information from competitors within the same trophic level which use the same food resources as the eavesdropper she adds.
Such strategies affect not only the individuals directly involved but also broader ecological interactions between the food-gatherers and their food Lichtenberg says.
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