Leopards eat anything from carcasses fish and reptiles to mammals such as baboons antelopes warthogs hares and rodents.
She gives them meat when they are six or seven weeks old and continues suckling them for at least three months.
Much of a moose's energy is maintained by eating flowering plants and fresh shoots from trees such as willow and birch.
and as much as half of their diet usually consists of marsh or river plants. A moose stomach can hold up to 112 pounds (51 kg) of food at one time.
Moose are generally solitary creatures but they do form strong bonds between mother and calf.
The word moose comes from an Algonquin word that means twig eater. Moose can run up to 35 mph (56 kph.
They have black fur with white patches at the throat and rump. They are generally solitary creatures
and saw their ferocious behavior when eating or mating. According to researchers the Tasmanian devil's large head and neck allow it to generate one of the strongest bites per unit body mass of any land predator 1200 pounds (540 kg) per square inch
Tasmanian devils eat meat from snakes birds fish and insects. Their prey can reach up to the size of small kangaroos.
They aren't picky eaters and will consume all parts of an animal from fur to bones
while they are eating. Devils can eat about 5 to 10 percent of their body weight in a day
Their name means Harris's meat lover after the scientist who described them. Other resources:
which may constitute up to 30 percent of their diet. Zebras are generally social animals that live in small harems to large herds.
Where food is mostly plentiful year-round such as the Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania they lead a sedentary life.
In seasonally dry areas like the Serengeti of Tanzania small families of plains zebra gather to form large herds that migrate in search of food.
They typically lay several egg sacs and cover them in webbing for protection. Funnel spiders lay eggs in the fall
and the spiderlings hatch in the spring. Dead female spiders are often found clinging to the egg sac.
Web Residents of grassy areas will recognize the funnel webs scattered in the grass during the summer and early fall.
The female spider lays her eggs in her burrow. Once they hatch the young spiders stay in the burrow until they are big enough to leave.
The team found the nocturnal carnivores on the western slopes of the Andes prowling the cloud forests for figs nectar and insects.
Carver also began experiments in crop rotation using soy plantings to replace nitrogen in depleted soil.
In the Tuskegee experimental fields Carver settled on peanuts because it was a simple crop to grow
but were less enthusiastic about the huge surplus of peanuts that built up and began to rot in local storehouses.
which he developed several new products that could be produced from peanuts. When he introduced these products to the public in a series of simple brochures the market for peanuts skyrocketed.
Today Carver is credited with saving the agricultural economy of the rural South. From his work at Tuskegee Carver developed approximately 300 products made from peanuts;
these included: flour paste insulation paper wall board wood stains soap shaving cream and skin lotion.
He experimented with medicines made from peanuts which included antiseptics laxatives and a treatment for goiter.
Contrary to popular belief while Carver developed a version of peanut butter he did not invent it.
The Incas developed a paste made out of ground peanuts as far back as 950 B c. In the United states according to the National Peanut Board Dr. John Harvey Kellogg of cereal fame invented a version
of peanut butter in 1895. A St louis physician may have developed peanut butter as a protein substitute for people who had poor teeth
and couldn't chew meat. Peanut butter was introduced at the St louis World's Fair in 1904.
During World war i Carver was asked to assist Henry ford in producing a peanut-based replacement for rubber.
Also during the war when dyes from Europe became difficult to obtain he helped the American textile industry by developing more than 30 colors of dye from Alabama soils.
After the War George added A w to his name to honor Booker T. Washington. Carver continued to experiment with peanut products
and became interested in sweet potatoes another nitrogen-fixing crop. Products he invented using sweet potatoes include:
wood fillers more than 73 dyes rope breakfast cereal synthetic silk shoe polish and molasses. He wrote several brochures on the nutritional value of sweet potatoes
and the protein found in peanuts including recipes he invented for use of his favorite plants.
He even went to India to confer with Mahatma Gandhi on nutrition in developing nations. In 1920 Carver delivered a speech to the new Peanut Growers Association of America.
This organization was advocating that Congress pass a tariff law to protect the new American industry from imported crops.
By 1938 largely due to Carver s influence peanuts had grown to be a $200-million-per year crop in the United states
and loosens to allowed food to pass and then closes again. This muscle is called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES.
and regurgitating food or a sour taste may also indicate GERD. Someone who gets these symptoms
Doctors may also order a oebarium swallow where patients literally swallow a barium-laced drink
Each X-ray allows doctors to track the barium as the person digests the drink. By using a catheter running from the nose down to the throat doctors may also use a probe to monitor the amount of stomach acid in the esophagus in a technique called esophageal ph monitoring.
and food that triggers heartburn can also sooth GERD. Common heartburn triggers include alcohol caffeine chocolate citrus fruits spicy foods full-fat dairy products and mint according to the NIH.
Herbal remedies for GERD include licorice slippery elm and chamomile although rigorous studies herbal remedies for GERD are lacking.
Excess weight will put pressure on the stomach pushing more acid into the throat so doctors often recommend overweight patients lose weight to prevent heartburn.
Eating a healthy diet exercising and counting calories are the most proven methods to losing weight.
and choosing lean proteins to eat a healthy diet. Eating smaller portions will also help GERD and help weight loss w
#Giant Iceberg Breaks Off Antarctic Glacier A massive iceberg larger than the city of Chicago broke off of Antarctica's Pine Island Glacier on Monday (July 8)
#Giant panda Cub Celebrates 1st Birthday Xiao Liwu the charismatic panda cub born at the San diego Zoo last year celebrated his first birthday today with a towering three-tiered cake made from ice and bamboo
and though they have a number of common characteristics including distinctive cinnamon-red bark they are different species. One giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) known as General Sherman is the world's largest tree
How 10,000 Pyramid Builders Got Fed The builders of the famous Giza pyramids in Egypt feasted on food from a massive catering-type operation the remains
Based on animal bone findings nutritional data and other discoveries at this workers'town site the archaeologists estimate that more than 4000 pounds of meat from cattle sheep
See Photos of the Unearthed Giza Pyramid Site This meat-rich diet along with the availability of medical care (the skeletons of some workers show healed bones) would have been an additional lure for ancient Egyptians to work on the pyramids.
They probably got a much better diet than they got in their village Redding told Livescience.
and other non-meat sources while the other half would come from sheep goat and cattle he estimated.
and other protein sources with the ratio of the bones (and the amount of meat and protein one can get from an animal) Redding determined about 11 cattle
in addition to supplying workers with grain beer and other products. Vast herds...and herders In order to maintain this level of slaughter the ancient Egyptians would have needed a herd of 21900 cattle
Amazing Egyptian Discoveries The boss eats the beef The research revealed interesting details about life in the workers'town.
Redding said it wasn t surprising that the overseers preferred to dine on beef considering it was valued the most meat in ancient Egypt.
Cattle is of course the highest-status meat he said noting that it appears far more frequently then sheep
or goat in tomb scenes and that pigs never appear in tomb scenes. The settlement located adjacent to the workers'town dubbed eastern town wasn't as rigidly planned as workers'town
they were given not their meat and food every day like those in the workers'town were said Redding.
It's more of a typical urban farming settlement and there was a symbiotic relationship between the two robably he said.
author of Diet Simple: 195 Mental Tricks Substitutions Habits & Inspirations (Lifeline Press 2011; and a frequent national commentator on nutrition topics.
Tallmadge contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights. Genetically modified organisms (GMOS) continue to spark passionate debate:
Common in processed foods in both GMO and non-GMO formulations soybean oil has high levels of omega-6 fatty acids
when I was interviewed about GMOS on CNN's The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzerâ asâ they reported that Chipotle the fast-food restaurant chain
which earned $2. 73 billion last year in part based on their reputation of using environmentally friendly ingredients disclosed that it is using genetically modified soybean oil and many genetically modified ingredients in its dishes.
Most restaurants and food companies in the United states use GMOS though they may not disclose it. Genetically modified organisms in this discussion genetically modified foods have genetic material that engineers unnaturally altered.
Such foods are extremely controversial and although they may be safe a dearth of clinical studies
and a lack of clear accurate public information make the debate even more intense. The 7 Perfect Survival Foods The introduction of genetically modified organisms into the American food supply is a grand experiment said Ann Yonkers co-director of Fresh Farm Markets and a leader in the sustainable
-farming movement. We should be using the precautionary principle with GMOS and assume that GMOS have to be demonstrated to be good rather than assume that they are good.
The U s. government's stance GMOS are allowed not in any food certified as organic by the U s. Department of agriculture (USDA.
However in an online food Q&a the U s. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) stated that GMOS have been in the U s. food supply for about 20 years.
The agency also stated in a consumer update that Foods from genetically engineered plants must meet the same requirements including safety requirements as foods from traditionally bred plants.
Such foods the FDA added are generally as nutritious as foods from comparable traditionally bred plants...
or toxic reaction than foods from traditionally bred plants. Additionally Michael Jacobson executive director of the Center for Science in the Public interest said there is no safety hazard in using genetically modified soybean oil over conventional soybean oil a finding the organization highlighted recently in its Nutrition Action newsletter.
However the federal government does not require that GMO foods be labeled as such. Food manufacturers may indicate through voluntary labeling
whether foods have or have not been developed through genetic engineering provided that such labeling is truthful and not misleading the agency stated.
FDA supports voluntary labeling that provides consumers with this information. No studies have found GM foods to be harmful
but many concerned citizens and scientists believe there have not been sufficient longitudinal (making observations over a substantial period of time) nor clinical studies on the effects of GMOS on human health.
Even if researchers were to conduct long-term studies it would be very difficult to prove that any adverse
Environmental consequences of GM foods As for the environment GMOS seem to have impact. Recently a rogue strain of Monsanto GM wheat was found in a field in Oregon.
Although the impact of GMOS on health and nutrition is unclear the impact on the environment seems much more definite and detrimental.
Huge soy and corn crops displace a more naturally diverse farming system one that uses fewer resources is more sustainable in the long term
Why do need we so much farmland for soy and corn two crops largely dedicated to processed foods?
We should instead fill our fields with an array of fruits and vegetables! The USDA's U s. Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends every American eat at least five cups of fruits
and/or vegetables daily to prevent heart disease and cancer and to foster maximum health and ideal body weight.
and attempted to eat those five cups a day there wouldn't be enough of the food to go around!
instead with soybeans and corn much of it genetically modified catering to the food industry instead of to the health of Americans.
what's best for Big Agriculture and the food industry? Is soybean oil hazardous? Soybean oil is a great example of a genetically modified food often associated with misinformation.
Because of its low cost soybean oil is used in a vast quantity of the processed foods Americans eat.
Just look at the food-label ingredient lists in your own kitchen cabinet. This is a problem
because soybean oil provides a substantial amount of omega-6 fatty acids. Omega-6 fatty acids although essential to the human body are required in very minute amounts
Now omega-6-fatty acids are abundant because of the food industry's dependence on them. Why is this a problem?
There are pros to GM foods ncreased yield in staple crops can help to combat world hunger for example.
Op-Ed). Her latest book is Diet Simple Farm to Table Recipes: 50 New Reasons to Cook In Season.
The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.
Facts About Genetically Modified Food A genetically modified organism or GMO is an organism that has had its DNA altered
At least 90 percent of the soy cotton canola corn and sugar beets sold in the United states have been engineered genetically.
In addition to pest resistance GMO crops can be engineered for disease resistance drought tolerance added nutrients hot or cold temperature resistance and other beneficial traits.
Genetically modified foods have been linked to toxic and allergic reactions sick sterile and dead livestock and damage to virtually every organ studied in lab animals according to the Institute for Responsible Technology a group of anti-GMO activists.
or outright bans on the production and sale of GMOS However many scientific organizations believe the fear-mongering that runs through discussions of GMO foods is more emotional than factual.
Consuming foods containing ingredients derived from GM genetically modified crops is no riskier than consuming the same foods containing ingredients from crop plants modified by conventional plant improvement techniques according to the AAAS.
The majority (1129) of approvals on GM CROPS have been on the food safety of the product. These assurances however do little to appease opponents of GMO development
In both of these cases however it could not be determined that the GMO food itself was the cause of the problems:
The argument over the development and marketing of GMO foods has become a political hot potato in recent years.
if food made from GMOS should be labeled as such. The initiative was defeated but only after GMO proponents like Monsanto General mills Pepsico Dupont Hershey Cargill Kellogg Hormel Kraft Mars Goya Ocean Spray Nestle and other industrial food
marketers spent millions on advertising to convince voters to vote against the measure. Opponents in several states and countries continue to push for GMO labels on foods if not outright bans on GMO foods
but industry and science insists the foods are safe labels aren't needed and they'll just confuse consumers.
Only one thing is certain: The battle for and against GMO crops and the foods containing them isn't likely to end soon.
Follow Marc Lallanilla on Twitter and Google+.+Follow us@livescience Facebook & Google+c
#Go ahead, Eat the Halloween Candy (Op-Ed) Katherine Tallmadge M. A r. D. is registered a dietitian author of Diet Simple:
195 Mental Tricks Substitutions Habits & Inspirations (Lifeline Press 2011) and a frequent national commentator on nutrition topics.
Tallmadge contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights. The holidays starting with Halloween can trip up even the most conscientious dieter.
She bought several bags of her favorite candy bar and began a binge that didn't end until the candy was gone long before trick
or treating even began! That brought her up a couple of pounds. The holidays came and before you know it she had gained almost 10 lbs. before winter was over.
My philosophy is that all foods can be enjoyed in moderation. But there are special challenges posed with some foods particularly sweets a finding that has been confirmed by solid science it's not just in our heads!
Understanding the science behind cravings for sweets and overeating can help everyone eat in a more moderate and healthy way.
Humans have been eating naturally sweet foods such as breast milk and fruit for millions of years.
Those foods contain life-sustaining nutrients and a love for those foods helped keep people alive.
Also over the course of human evolution an attraction to scarce calorie-dense foods such as sweets and fats improved people's chances for survival.
But there are other explanations. The research surrounding the human attraction to sweets has stepped up in recent decades.
which is fueled partly by eating too many sweets. Human brain chemistry holds an important clue. Research shows that sweets similar to many antidepressants increase levels of the brain chemical serotonin
which is why a handful of candy corn will make you feel better. When people are stressed anxious
and one way people modify their moods is by eating carbohydrates. But Halloween and holiday-sweet cravings may be influenced uniquely by seasonal changes too.
In animals having high levels of estrogen is associated with eating more sweets. This theory has yet to be proven in humans
A studyof chocolate in Appetite for instance found that American women crave chocolate significantly more than Spanish women.
I would regularly bake my favorite chocolate-chip bars and caramel popcorn both of which I made in childhood.
When tasty foods such as sweets are around people simply eat more of them. Chances are a combination of factors is responsible for cravings and overeating sweets at Halloween and the holidays.
Using candy to feel better is not a great solution for your waistline. Candy is high in calories
For the same calories in a candy bar you could eat four apples or maybe you couldn't before getting full and that's the point!
and even eat Halloween candy but still avoid some of the excesses that many people have fallen victim to in the past.
Her latest book is Diet Simple Farm to Table Recipes: 50 New Reasons to Cook In Season.
You can follow Tallmadge on Facebook Twitter@KETALLMADGEAND on Youtube. The views expressed are those of the author
#Go Gluten Free? Most People Shouldn't (Op-Ed) Katherine Tallmadge R. D. is registered a dietitian author of Diet Simple:
195 Mental Tricks Substitutions Habits & Inspirations (Lifeline Press 2011) and a frequent national commentator on nutrition topics.
Tallmadgeâ contributed this article to Livescience's Expert Voices: Op-Ed & Insights. It's all the rage right now;
in fact you may be thinking of going on a gluten-free diet yourself. Before you do here are some things to think about.
Originally gluten-free diets were designed to combat celiac disease a serious autoimmune disorder that virtually destroys the intestinal tract.
and is reversed by taking gluten out of the diet. But the danger of self-diagnosing and taking gluten out of your diet prematurely is that you would never be able to get an accurate diagnosis of your symptoms.
An intestinal biopsy is the only way to detect celiac definitively. People try gluten-free diets in response to feeling tired bloated
or depressed and find reducing gluten correlates with feeling better or losing weight. But that outcome is more likely
because they've cut out the excess calories found in many flour-based snack foods and they mistakenly attribute feeling better to taking out the gluten.
So before you rush into a gluten-free diet why not try something simple say an apple...
or exercise? Or would you prefer a life of no bread pasta or birthday cakes? It's a tough row to hoe and
I'm here if you need me as studies have found gluten-free diets can be seriously nutrient-deficient low in fiber iron folate niacin thiamine riboflavin calcium Vitamin b12 phosphorus and zinc.
That's because so many gluten-free products are made with refined unenriched grains and starches which contain plenty of calories but very few vitamins or minerals.
The new gluten-free industry is making millions from Americans'desperation to feel better. There has been an explosion of gluten-free junk foods and
I hope you don't become a victim. But I have great news: many of my clients have thought they might need a gluten-free diet
but when we worked together at improving their nutrition and life balance the symptoms vanished!
Perhaps that could work for you too? If you take the following steps and find you do need a gluten-free diet it can still fill all your nutritional requirements
but only if done carefully. How to check if you need a gluten-free diet 1. Have a complete check-up with your family physician. 2. Consult with appropriate specialists such as an allergist for wheat allergy and a gastroenterologist for celiac or another gastrointestinal disease.
If you have a wheat allergy you must avoid wheat but you do not have to avoid gluten from other grains.
If you have celiac disease you must avoid gluten even the tiniest amounts. But remember you must be eating gluten for the diagnosis to be made.
3. If you do not have a wheat allergy or celiac disease visit a registered dietitian to verify that you are eating a balanced diet with plenty of nutrient-dense naturally fiber-rich foods
and that you are getting adequate physical activity. A healthy diet and lifestyle reduce negative gastrointestinal symptoms
and inflammation boost the immune system improve brain function and reduce depression and anxiety. If you are need overweight you to lose weight as body fat can be toxic.
It produces hormones and pro-inflammatory chemicals that regulate metabolism the immune system inflammation and the progression of artery hardening.
When you have less body fat you get many biological benefits and feel better. 4. If symptoms persist (though they will not in most cases you may be one of the rare people who are gluten sensitive though hopefully not as it's a tough life.
To confirm the diagnosis and if a gluten-free diet is absolutely necessary for you
even though a gastroenterologist has verified you do not have celiac disease visit your gastroenterologist or the University of Maryland's Center for Celiac Research.
They specialize in detecting gluten sensitivity which may be identified a newly disorder. What is gluten? Gluten is a protein in wheat and some other grains such as rye and barley.
A gluten experiment in food science at the University of Maryland left a lasting impression on me about the function and importance of gluten.
I kneaded bread dough under flowing water. As I kneaded the dough the starch slowly washed away.
What remained was a rubbery mass the gluten the protein in wheat that gives bread its structure.
What are examples of gluten-containing foods that appear on food labels? These include barley bulgur cereal binding couscous durum einkorn emmer filler farro graham flour kamut malt malt extract malt flavoring malt syrup rye
semolina spelt triticale wheat wheat bran wheat germ wheat starch and oats that are labeled not Gluten Free
because they have been contaminated by gluten in the field or in the processing plant. What are examples of naturally gluten-free whole grains?
These include brown rice whole corn gluten-free oats millet teff sorghum wild rice buckwheat amaranth and quinoa.
What are wheat allergy celiac disease and gluten sensitivity? Anna Sapone of the Mucosal Biology Research center and Center for Celiac Research and her colleagues at the University of Maryland School of medicine reported on
and defined these diseases in the journal BMC Medicine in 2012. Wheat allergy is an adverse immunologic reaction to wheat proteins a classic food allergy affecting the skin gastrointestinal tract or respiratory tract.
Celiac disease is mediated an immune enteropathy (intestinal disease) triggered in susceptible individuals by the ingestion of gluten.
The onset of symptoms is usually gradual and characterized by a time lag of months or years after gluten introduction.
Doctors diagnose gluten sensitivity when both allergic (wheat allergy) and autoimmune mechanisms (celiac disease) have been ruled out through diagnosis by exclusion criteria;
individuals who experience distress when ingesting gluten may be considered as having gluten sensitivity. It is critical that you be examined by a gastroenterologist before switching to a gluten-free diet.
Why? Once you eliminate gluten it is virtually impossible to diagnose celiac disease and the diagnosis of this extremely serious autoimmune disorder should be your primary concern.
My favorite gluten-free guides are: Gluten-Free Diet: A Comprehensive Resource Guide by Shelley Case R. D. Chase Nutrition Consulting Inc. 2010) Easy Gluten-Free by Tricia Thompson M. S. R. D
. and Marlisa Brown M. S. R. D. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 2010) and Gluten-Free Hassle Free by Marlisa Brown R. D c. D. E. Demos
Health 2009). Anyone giving gluten-free dietary advice should be registered a dietitian with R. D. listed after his or her name.
For more on the topic listen to the author and three other experts discuss the gluten-free craze on National Public Radio's The Diane Rehm Show andâ watch herâ in an interviewâ on ABCNEWS 7. The views expressed are those of the author
and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. Her most recent book is Diet Simple Farm to Table Recipes:
50 New Reasons to Cook In Season. Â This article was published originally onâ Livescience. com i
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