At the same time people kill wild animals for food trade or to defend lives or property and human activities degrade wildlife habitat.
while using less water seem like a dream for a world with a burgeoning population and already strained food and water resources.
In other areas you may want to concentrate on food productivity. Plants have evolved to outcompete other plants--for example shading out other plants
and optimization we have the potential to greatly expedite the development of new types of agricultural plants that can tackle some of the greatest challenges facing society today related to the need to produce more food in a more variable and uncertain climate system
#New approach to detecting changes in GM foodsdoes genetic manipulation causes unintended changes in food quality and composition?
are modified genetically (GM) foods less nutritious than their non-GM counterparts or different in unknown ways?
Despite extensive cultivation and testing of GM foods those questions still linger in the minds of many consumers.
We look for diverse food experiences Hoekenga says. So we think that establishing the range of acceptable metabolic variability in food can be useful for examining GM varieties.
The process was expensive and the chemistry methods can't yet be used in official safety assessments Hoekenga acknowledges.
The report appears in ACS'Journal of Agricultural & Food Chemistry. Andrew P. Neilson and colleagues explain that cocoa the basic ingredient of chocolate is one of the most flavanol-rich foods around.
That's good for chocolate lovers because previous research has shown that flavanols in other foods such as grapes
and tea can help fight weight gain and type-2 diabetes. But not all flavanols which are a type of antioxidant are created equal.
They found that adding one particular set of these compounds known as oligomeric procyanidins (PCS) to the food made the biggest difference in keeping the mice's weight down
And for those suffering from an allergy to some grasses the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval of the oral dissolvable tablets designed to help treat symptoms may be beneficial.
To examine the influence of cereal box spokes-characters Cornell Food and Brand Lab Researchers Aner Tal and Brian Wansink in collaboration with Aviva Musicus Yale university asked two questions:
and limits photosynthesis. Particular types of bacteria consume methane creating food for grazing insects and consequently the rest of the food web including trout.
If you disrupt the community in a sandy soil all of the nutrients the microbes rely on for food are leached away:
Celiac disease is a food sensitivity to dietary gluten contained in cereals. In people who are predisposed genetically gluten containing food will trigger an immune response that leads to destruction of the intestinal lining abdominal pain changes in bowel habits malnutrition
and many other symptoms that include anemia and neurological problems. People with this disease cannot eat food containing wheat rye or barley
which is a main source of protein intake in the western diet. Researchers in the Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute at Mcmaster University have discovered that a molecule elafin
When people with celiac disease eat food containing gluten the digestive enzymes cannot digest it and left over peptides from digestion induce inflammation.
Development of new therapies such as this one could help in the management of common gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome that could be triggered also by wheat containing food.
and alcohol intake and exclude deaths within a year of the food survey. The study published in the Journal of Epidemiology
#Fast food giants ads for healthier kids meals dont send the right messagefast food giants attempts at depicting healthier kids'meals frequently goes unnoticed by children ages 3 to 7
Of the four healthy food depictions studied only Mcdonald's presentation of apple slices was recognized as an apple product by a large majority of the target audience regardless of age.
While the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal trade commission play important regulatory roles in food labeling
Two different programs offer guidelines to keep children's advertising focused on the food not toys and more specifically on foods with nutritional value.
Today while bad weather periodically lowers crop yields in some places other regions are typically able to compensate to avert food shortages.
Food-price shocks could become far more common said study coauthor Richard Seager a climate scientist at Lamont-Doherty.
#Urban gardeners may be unaware of how best to manage contaminants in soilconsuming foods grown in urban gardens may offer a variety of health benefits
which may be present in urban soils said Keeve Nachman Phd senior author of the study and director of the Food Production and Public health Program with CLF.
or eat food that was grown in it. In some cases exposure to soil contaminants can increase disease risks especially for young children said Brent Kim MHS lead author of the paper and a program officer with CLF.
Unlike most vegetation food crops are managed to maximize productivity. They usually have access to abundant nutrients
dairy consumptiongreenhouse gas emissions from food production may threaten the UN climate target of limiting global warming to 2 degrees Celsius according to research at Chalmers University of Technology Sweden.
We should already be thinking about how we can make our food more climate friendly.
and other food associated with high emissions are expected to become more common. Because agricultural emissions are difficult and expensive to reduce via changes in production methods
or technology these growing numbers of people eating more meat and dairy entail increasing amounts of climate pollution from the food sector.
The improved simulation helped the scientists narrow in on the estimated health costs from air pollution associated with food produced for export--a growing sector of agriculture and a source of trade surplus.
This information was combined then with food export data from the U s. Department of agriculture and the United nations Food and agriculture organization averaged from 2000 to 2009.
Results show that U s. food exports account for 11 percent of the total U s. emissions of ammonia.
Lead researcher Jared Decker an assistant professor of animal science in the MU College of Agriculture Food and Natural resources says the genetics of these African cattle breeds are similar to those of cattle first domesticated
and vegetables as young adults were much less likely to have plaque build up in their arteries 20 years later compared with those who consumed lower amounts of these foods according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.
and vegetables and the number of servings they had eaten in the past month using a semi-quantitative interview food-frequency questionnaire.
The resistant-starch rice can be used in many food products. I hope that our project will improve people's health said Prof.
Moreover some local companies are working together to develop processed foods with rice powder produced from the resistant-starch rice.
Writing in the journal Frontiers in Zoology today (Wednesday 26 march) the scientists trained a group of goats to retrieve food from a box using a linked sequence of steps;
when the mice were consuming the peach extract said Dr. Luis Cisneros-Zevallos a food scientist for Agrilife Research in College Station.
improving food safetya new biological treatment could help dairy cattle stave off uterine diseases and eventually may help improve food safety for humans a University of Florida study shows.
Jeong said it may someday be possible for chitosan microparticles to be used to help humans who have become ill from consuming E coli-contaminated food
whether on farms hospitals or in the environment they can infect humans through water food
when two or more people get the same illness from the same contaminated food or drink the CDC says.
Food is harder to find; eggs and chicks are at risk of getting cold. The result is that by the end of the breeding season the adult birds are exhausted.
Case study on Austrian curd cheeseif food products are produced not in a hygienic environment consumers can face the threat of dangerous pathogens.
When an outbreak occurs though the disease has among the highest mortality rate of all food-borne illnesses explains lead author Kathrin Rychli from the Institute for Milk Hygiene Milk Technology and Food Science at the University of Veterinary medicine Vienna.
and that possible food for the bacteria be limited. Any products listeria is found in must be recalled immediately.
Austria-wide the Institute for Milk Hygiene Milk Technology and Food Science at the University of Veterinary medicine Vienna offers effective Listeria monitoring and a range of molecular and microbiological examination methods for the food industry.
Nearly 1. 6 billion people worldwide depend on forests as a source of food medicines timber and fuel.
Folate is found in foods such as green leafy vegetables like spinach citrus fruits legumes whole grains and vegemite.
Folic acid is added also to many foods such as breads flours and pastas. Folic acid can also be taken as a pill.
because they are reliable food sources. Carrel said that red widow spiders are difficult to study due to habitat confinement
#Ancient clam gardens nurture food securitya three-year study of ancient clam gardens in the Pacific Northwest has led researchers including three from Simon Fraser University to make a discovery that could benefit
coastal communities'food production. PLOS ONE a peer-reviewed science journal has published just their study.
which are preferred food for wild deer. Our findings show that there is a link between disruption of the native animal community
and ways to increase carbon sequestration and mitigate climate change said Sonny Ramaswamy director of USDA's National Institute of Food
Global food trade saves billions of gallons of water each year as food is exported from humid temperate places to drier locales that would have used much more water to grow crops Dourte said.
#Future heat waves pose threat to global food supplyheat waves could significantly reduce crop yields and threaten global food supply
if climate change is tackled not and reversed. This is according to a new study led by researchers at the University of East Anglia and published 20 march in IOP Publishing's journal Environmental Research Letters
which they create food from sunlight CO2 and water. When there is more CO2 in the atmosphere the leaves of plants can capture more of it resulting in an overall increase in the biomass of the plant.
#Sometimes less is more for hungry dogshungry dogs would be expected to choose alternatives leading to more food rather than less food.
That is they chose less food over more food. The less is more effect is considered an affect heuristic
It appears that the dogs averaged the quality of the cheese plus carrot rather than sum up the quantity of food.
The one that hesitates may lose food to faster-choosing competitors. Such heuristics may also help prey in the wild to make rapid decisions rather than become supper.
As society places increasing demands on agricultural land beyond food production to include ecosystem services we needed a new way to evaluate'success'in agriculture said Jason Kaye professor of biogeochemistry.
By growing a variety of plants from around the world gardeners ensure that a range of food sources is available for many different pollinators.
According to authors omnivorous species are more resilient to fire probably due to their ability to adapt their dietary habits to available food resources
Prebiotics are carbohydrates found in foods like raw garlic and cooked whole wheat flour that humans can't digest
This food for your gut's helpful inhabitants also comes in dietary supplements. Finley said that people could experience even more health benefits
Kopp speculated that as flies compete for good food sources in which to lay their eggs there would be an advantage in being able to colonize fresher and firmer fruit.
Unlike the notorious Mediterranean fruit fly or Medfly Drosophila flies are generalists with a wide range of food sources and breeding sites and a generation time of less than two weeks.
#Global food trade can alleviate water scarcityinternational trade of food crops led to freshwater savings worth 2. 4 billion US-Dollars in 2005
Trading food involves the trade of virtually embedded water used for production and the amount of that water depends heavily on the climatic conditions in the production region:
but whether global food trade leads to conserving or depleting water reserves in water-scarce regions Biewald says.
Despite the fact that Europe alone exports virtual water in food crops worth 3. 1 billion US-Dollars the scientists found that international trade of food crops today globally accounts for water
In contrast to popular perception global food trade and the related virtual water flows indeed offer the possibility of relieving water stress
To connect international food trade to regional water scarcity can contribute to advance this debate.
Because they don't go through the government markets traders are making investments to get the food from the farmer to the city.
There has been evidence that major famines weren't due to a lack of food production they occurred
#Knowing whether food has spoiled without even opening the containera color-coded smart tag could tell consumers
This report on the color-changing food deterioration tags was presented today as part of the 247th National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS.
and can be programmed widely to mimic almost all ambient-temperature deterioration processes in foods said Chao Zhang Ph d. the lead researcher of the study.
Use of the tags could potentially solve the problem of knowing how fresh packaged perishable foods remain over time he added.
if the food has been exposed unduly to higher temperatures which could cause unexpected spoilage the tag still gives a reliable indication of the quality of the product.
which indicates the food is spoiled. The colors signify a range between 100 percent fresh and 100 percent spoiled.
and tested the tags using E coli (food-spoiling bacteria that cause gastrointestinal problems) in milk as a reference model.
The tags could also be customized for a variety of other foods and beverages. The tags contain tiny metallic nanorods that at different stages
and chants and savory indulgent foods sold at the concession stand are beloved all features of the American high school sports tradition.
In contrast to the nutrition requirements on breakfast and lunches sold in school cafeterias foods sold at concession stands do not follow the standard nutrition guidelines
Is there something that can be done to improve the healthful features of concession stand food and preserve the profits they generate?
for improving the nutritional quality of foods sold at concession stands: 1) offer 5-10 healthy food options 2) modify the ingredients of popular items to contain less saturated and trans fats.
In the first season no changes were made to the foods sold. In the second season 8 new healthier foods were sold
in addition to the standard foods offered. These foods included carrots apples a grilled chicken sandwich and string cheese.
Furthermore the regular nacho cheese sauce was replaced with a no trans-fat variety and the popcorn was prepared with canola oil that has saturated less fat
and no trans-fat compared to the coconut oil bars previously used Overall the healthier items accounted for 9. 2%of total sales a clear indication of demand for these items.
Sales of these items did increase from game to game suggesting increasing interest in these foods.
Sales of the modified nacho's and popcorn increased by 8%despite the relatively healthier nature of the foods.
Finally student satisfaction of the foods sold was affected not when the healthier foods were offered and parental satisfaction increased.
These results reveal the opportunities available for concession stand operators to improve the nutritional quality of
and preparation methods--patrons will still get the foods they love and they can feel better about eating them!
The above story is provided based on materials by Cornell Food & Brand Lab. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
and death--food and water tainted with pathogens from fecal matter results in the deaths of roughly 700000 children each year.
Grazing fuel and foodapproximately 20%of the world's population depend on these areas of land for their livelihoods including their use for grazing fuel and food.
The beta agonists approved by the U s. Food and Drug Administration for use in cattle increase muscle growth
To paraphrase Dr. Grandin we owe the animals we raise for food a decent life
and work out how to balance the societal benefits of beta agonist use with societal expectations concerning the welfare of animals raised for food.
We then performed lab studies with several drugs that were approved already by the Food and Drug Administration and which we thought might block the seizure activity.
While all the healthy foods sold chicken sandwiches and pretzels dominated accounting for 7. 6 percent of all food sales sales data showed.
Researchers from Cornell University's Food and Brand Lab analyzed the sales data. If you're a concession-stand sponsor
Although relatively few people drink raw milk--it's thought to comprise less than 1 percent of milk consumed nationwide--Gardner said he believes in making sure that the claims regarding foods
When claims about'all-natural'foods are merely anecdotal it works against the food movement
Although many strategies for coping with the condition exist--taking lactase enzyme tablets choosing lactose-free foods--none of them fully eliminates the problem.
or more horses and ever-moving herds of livestock provided nearly all food and other resources.
Their priority is to produce enough food. Under such circumstances any measures that will be put in place to mitigate the effects of climate change should also improve food production.
This mixture shows the role that agroforestry can play in addressing both climate mitigation and adaptation in primarily food-focused production systems of Africa says Dr. Cheikh Mbow Senior Scientist Climate Change
and Development at the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and lead author of the article. It has been demonstrated by science that
With food shortages and increased threats of climate change interest in agroforestry is gathering for its potential to address various on-farm adaptation needs.
Food that is rich in carbohydrates particularly fiber tends to produce larger amounts of gas than a diet without these ingredients.
and dementia using a healthy diet index based on the consumption of a variety of foods.
But nobody's diet is based on one single food and there may be interactions between nutrients
The U n. Food and Agricultural organization estimates that grasslands cover between one-fifth and two-fifths of the planet's land area
Hundreds of tons of food are thrown every year in the forest without thinking on the collateral effects
and providing food is not an exception. The spread of diseases for instance is one of the reasons why deer feeding has been banned in many regions of North america.
and ecotourism our understanding of the complex effects of providing artificial food to wildlife is limited still commented Selva.
Vertimass anticipates that the ORNL technology will be in demand by existing corn-based ethanol production plants as well as new refineries coming online that aim to convert non-food crops such as switchgrass
and oil for human food animal feed and other products global rates of yield increases for the crop will need to keep up with demand in the future.
and chickens rather than primarily relying on growing crops for human food and animal fodder.
and chickens settlers were also foraging for a variety of marine food and consuming wild animals--especially fruit bats--and that whatever horticultural food they produced was relied not heavily on she says.
Isotopic analysis of the ancient pig bones found at the site also suggests that they were free-ranging rather than penned and given fodder from harvested crops.
This may have resulted from unequal food distribution suggesting that males may have been considered of higher status in Lapita society
#Livestock can produce food that is better for people, planetwith one in seven humans undernourished and with the challenges of population growth and climate change the need for efficient food production has never been greater.
Eight strategies to cut the environmental and economic costs of keeping livestock such as cows goats
and quality of the food produced have been outlined by an international team of scientists. The strategies to make ruminant--cud-chewing--livestock a more sustainable part of the food supply led by academics at the University of Bristol's School of Veterinary Sciences are outlined in a Comment piece in Nature this week.
The eight strategies include: Livestock consume an estimated one-third or more of the world's cereal grain which some advocate would be used better to feed people directly.
Some of this could indeed be avoided by capitalising on ruminants'ability to digest food that humans cannot eat such as hay silage and high-fibre crop residues.
Traditional animal husbandry supplies more than just food. Keeping animals provides wealth status and even dowry payments.
The quest for'intensification'in livestock farming has thundered ahead with little regard for sustainability and overall efficiency the net amount of food produced in relation to inputs such as land and water.
With animal protein set to remain part of the food supply we must pursue sustainable intensification and figure out how to keep livestock in ways that work best for individuals communities and the planet.
and increasing population pressure requires the development of methods to produce more food with fewer irrigation resources.
Wastewater reuse is an economical method to grow food but wastewater carries microorganisms such as viruses bacteria
and protozoa that can contaminate food and cause disease. Asia accounts for the majority of the worldâ##s reuse of wastewater in irrigation
However normal cooking temperatures and food preservation strategies can reduce the risks posed by microorganisms and viruses.
Food systems researchers Hoi-Fei Mok and Andrew J. Hamilton of The University of Melbourne in Australia instead created a statistical model to characterize the health risks posed by wastewater used to grow Asian vegetables The reach of the Asian vegetable
and completed a validated food frequency questionnaire on dietary habits during the first four to five months of pregnancy.
This indicates that increasing the intake of foods associated with a prudent dietary pattern is more important than totally excluding processed food fast food junk food
This is the first opportunity to simulate the effects of several factors together such as food availability mite infestation and disease over realistic time scales.
The first results of the model show that colonies infested with a common parasitic mite (varroa) can be much more vulnerable to food shortages.
when colonies are limited also by food supply. BEEHAVE simulations show that good food sources close to the hive will make a real difference to the colony
and that lack of forage over extended periods leaves them vulnerable to other environmental factors.
Healthy bees are vital to our food supply as they pollinate many important crops. This virtual hive is an important new research tool to help us understand how changes to the environment impact on bee health.
The DASH diet is not about eating less food just more of the right food Dr. Green said quoting a patient who said:
The study the first to examine school food consumption both before and after the standards went into effect contradicts criticisms that the new standards have increased food waste.
Importantly the new standards did not result in increased food waste contradicting anecdotal reports from food service directors teachers parents
The authors say that schools must focus on improving food quality and palatability to reduce waste.
#Increasing homogeneity of world food supplies warns of serious implications for farming and nutritiona comprehensive new study of global food supplies confirms and thoroughly documents for the first time
what experts have suspected long: over the last five decades human diets around the world have grown ever more similar--by a global average of 36 percent
and fat and they rely increasingly on a short list of major food crops like wheat maize
and soybean along with meat and dairy products for most of their food said lead author Colin Khoury a scientist at the Colombia-based International Center for Tropical agriculture (CIAT) which is a member of the CGIAR Consortium.
These foods are critical for combating world hunger but relying on a global diet of such limited diversity obligates us to bolster the nutritional quality of the major crops as consumption of other nutritious grains and vegetables declines.
The new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that growing reliance on a few food crops may also accelerate the worldwide rise in obesity heart disease and diabetes
and have become major health problems even within countries still grappling with significant constraints in food availability.
and to promote healthier more diverse food alternatives. The research reveals that the crops now predominant in diets around the world include several that were already quite important a half-century ago--such as wheat rice maize and potato.
But the emerging standard global food supply described by the study also consists of energy-dense foods that have risen to global fame more recently like soybean sunflower oil and palm oil.
Another danger of a more homogeneous global food basket is that it makes agriculture more vulnerable to major threats like drought insect pests and diseases
and the pressure increases on our global food system so does our dependence on the global crops and production systems that feed us.
As the authors probed current trends in food consumption they documented a curious paradox: as the human diet has become less diverse at the global level over the last 50 years many countries particularly in Africa
In East and Southeast asia several major foods--like wheat and potato--have gained importance alongside longstanding staples like rice Khoury noted.
But this expansion of major staple foods has come at the expense of the many diverse minor foods that used to figure importantly in people's diets.
The researchers single out five actions that are needed to foster diversity in food production and consumption and thus improve nutrition and food security:
International agencies have hammered away in recent years with the message that agriculture must produce more food for over 9 billion people by 2050 said co-author Andy Jarvis director of policy research at CIAT and leader for climate
Just as important is the message that we need a more diverse global food system. This is the best way
and over-nutrition but also to protect global food supplies against the impacts of global climate change.
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