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then they could also receive more food by more easily outcompeting smaller adoptive siblings. But why would the adoptive parents allow the intruder into their nest

White storks allow baby intruders to share their nest and food-but why?(Thinkstock) Given such high risks for adoption, why hasn't evolution endowed these birds with a better ability to identify oe and reject oe intruders?

they didn't need to give up too much of their own food so that it might survive. A female capuchin would barely notice a tiny marmoset clinging to her fur,

Astronaut food: Can you cook fries in space? If humans ever voyage to a planet far bigger than Earth,

Preparing food in space presents unique challenges. Apart from the obvious difficulties of floating crumbs

plenty of thought has gone already into methods of improving food preparation in space, to enhance tastiness

Fully sealed food preparation units have been proposed that dispense with the need for a human chef to do any chopping

The rate at which foods heat up in water or oil is affected by the way hot liquid circulates.

Beethoven immediately let out a food call standard behavior for a chimpanzee. After promptly devouring the whole bunch oe chimpanzees tend not to share food,

even with their infants oe Beethoven settled down for an afternoon nap, leaving a hungry Dilly to groom him.

Dilly did not utter a food cry, as chimpanzees normally do watched, but simply as Goodall placed the banana outside on the ground.

By stifling her food call, she could keep Beethoven in the dark, none the wiser about her illicit snacking.

the apes were given a choice to ask for food either from a human who could see them clearly,

while begging for food in all but the most obvious cases. Â If chimps couldn't even understand what others could

which a subordinate chimp could compete for food with a more dominant chimp. Â In his experiments, Hare set up enclosures containing two chimps, one at either end.

He placed food in the centre. Thanks to well placed barriers, sometimes both chimps could see the food;

sometimes only one. Â In one instance, Hare allowed a dominant and a subordinate chimp to watch as he put food in the middle.

However, the food was obscured from the dominant one once it was placed down. Â As is typical for chimpanzees in this sort of scenario,

the subordinate all but ignored the food, leaving it for the dominant. Subordinate chimps know better than to take food from dominant group members,

just as Dilly knew not to let Beethoven catch her eating that banana. Even though the dominant couldn't see the food,

it knew where it was. Then Hare added a twist: when the dominant chimp was replaced with a second dominant who hadn't seen the food oe all she could see was opaque barriers oe the subordinate had no problem gobbling it down.

The conclusion? Chimpanzees don't just know what others see; they also know what others know.

Animal trickery Â The so-called Hare task has since been adapted and modified for a wide range of animals.

A clever experiment in which rhesus monkeys could steal food either from a silent box or from a box outfitted with bells showed that they anticipated

The food-caching corvids were more likely to hide their caches in a spot hidden from the view of others.

In one experiment, dogs were instructed not to take food from boxes, a few of which were rigged with noisy bells.

Growing food, curbing floods, cleaning airhave you ever noticed a certain similarity in public parks and back gardens in the cities of the West?

Â From natural systems to deal with surface water run off and pollution to green corridors to increasing interest in urban food production,

Â There are patches that provide shade and cooling, places of local food production, and corridors that connect both residents and wildlife to the surrounding native environment.

and monitored to meet the unique needs of each city for food production, water use, nutrient recycling, and habitat.

for example, might be designed to provide food, shade, wildlife habitat, and pollution removal all in the same garden with the right choice of plants, configurations,

and urban food gardens. Â However, until recently we have been lacking the datasets and science-based specifications for designs that work to serve all of these purposes at once.

First, there's the issue of using a food for energy. Olivier Dubois, senior natural resources officer at the United nations Food

and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), says that using food for energy oe like sugar cane for biofuels oe must avoid depleting food stocks

and competing with farmers.""You first need to look at: are there enough potatoes to eat?

the potato is the second most important food for families after maize. Smallholder farmers produced around 10 million tonnes of potatoes this year,

Some other species also quite sensibly prefer foraging for food far from where they defecate. Cows, for example, do not just graze randomly.

and deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) re-inhabit the burrows of previous occupiers that contain both food and faeces.

or near food suggests safety from predators. When the wrong move could land you between the teeth of a bigger animal,

but to do so will require the means to create reliable and sustainable food and power souces.

We are already researching ways to harvest food and energy in deeper, more remote parts of the ocean.

Artificial food: Incredible or inedible? Pass the salt. And the pepper. And while you're at it, the ketchup too.

but these were among the reactions of the two expert"tasters Â who earlier this month got the first taste of a potential food of the future oe a burger grown in a laboratory.

which offer chillingly detailed dystopian visions of near futures in which food is either blandly synthetic, badly genetically modified, or both.

Less intellectually nourishing sci-fi food staples include the entire meal in a pill (or dollop or slab of gunk

The idea of all-in-one food pills goes back to the 19th century and has been the subject of much serious research.

Nasa recently admitted that as part of a programme"to turn science fiction into fact Â they are funding work to develop a 3d food printer.

but that's what some experts believe will be inevitable as conventional food sources run out. There may be plenty more fish in the sea

A recent report published UN's Food and Agricultural Organisation concludes that as the climate changes

It means we will have to produce more food in the next 40 years than we have had to for the past 8, 000 years,

while needing to produce perhaps 60%more food, would require something quite extraordinary. I've discussed issues like rethinking our use of fertilisers before

but what if we could increase food production at its most fundamental level? What if we could engineer crops to make photosynthesis more efficient?

Ultimately all of our food oe indeed, all life On earth oe relies on the conversion of carbon dioxide into sugars by photosynthesis,

pondering the questionable ethics of taking food away from a homeless person in the name of journalistic enterprise.

Food stampsorganising the weekly grocery shop oe the final item on my list oe was less successful.

Industry, food production, and the trappings of our modern world economy would all suffer, but this could be to the benefit of the environment.

Fewer people would mean less production of everything from food to plastics. That could mean fewer industrial emissions

Mankind's awareness of our food supplies has been heightened by massive crop failures due to millennial level floods, protracted droughts,

and numerous food-borne disease outbreaks caused by microbes such as salmonella, E coli strain 0157, toxoplasma and listeria.

Consumers the world over now demand to know where their food comes from and how it is produced.

Food and drinking water would be even scarcer than in many of today's developing cities.

Within just the past 10 years, an increasing interest in city farming has been paralleled by the creation of the slow food and locallly sourced,

Collectively, these examples show the validity of growing food in the city. Not only could be they be carried out efficiently oe such as rooftop greenhouses giving much higher yields than outdoor farms oe

Urban agriculture has the potential to become so pervasive within our cities that by the year 2050 they may be able to provide its citizens with up to 50%of the food they consume.

They consume food from vast tracts of farmland, timber from the forests, minerals scraped from the Earth,

and maintaining such farms makes them impractical for food production on a larger scale. However

growing food in the urban environment on regular multistorey plots is likely to increase as hobby farmers,

As their traditional food oe fish oe becomes scarcer, they scavenge human rubbish. Whether traditional conservationists and wildlife lovers learn to value these new flourishings that are occurring at such a rapid rate is still to be seen.

which in turn, enriches the food for the trees. In the near future, we will begin to tap into the technological potential of this metabolic diversity

Strachan's idea was that changes to sewage treatment, availability of clean water and food,

and a shift away from farming lifestyles decreased our contact with soil, faeces and contaminated food where bacteria and parasites like helminths live.

However in 2009, the Food and Drug Administration defined helminths as biological products that could not be sold before having undergone a series of clinical trials

The british designer has been designing objects as diverse as food mixers irons, Instamatic cameras and the distinctive nose cone of the Intercity 125 High Speed Train for more than 50 years.

there are plenty of examples of creative roleplaying, food in the bedroom, or unusual places to do the deed,

whether land used for growing the necessary crops is taking land away from growing food,

"It's the only food that insects produce that humans eat regularly, it's packed with healthy micro-nutrients,

There's no doubt that our consumption of resources from food to gadgets has risen dramatically over the past 60 years,

including foods. But there's a big difference between taking these substances into your guts, where they pass through a soup of enzymes before being transported actively into the bloodstream,

An analysis from the US Food and Drug Administration showed that some still contained detectable traces of nitrosamines."

So Tonkean macaques must decide which direction they will move in search of food, and they make those choices by majority vote.

This indicates that the group should move to a new food patch. The other monkeys then decide

Food patches vary for African buffalo, based on previous grazing history by the herd as well as by other species

which out-compete the natives for food, light and habitat, or like the jaguar simply consume them to extinction.

whereas rats and goats that eat the food of rare tortoises are being eliminated. In other places,

and yields-on behalf of organizations ranging from the World Food Program to Great lakes Coffee (a local coffee purchaser) that lack an affordable means of collecting such granular, real-time information.

and finding ways to grow our food crops under these unfamiliar conditions. Even if we stopped burning fossil fuels today,

we also need land to grow food for an increasing global population, so there's a limit to how much forestry we can fit on the planet.

As a result the US Food and Drug Administration announced at the end of last year it will expand its use of DNA testing in inspections of seafood manufacturers and restaurants.

While Birck can get DNA from most foods and some products, there are certain processes that destroy most traces of genetic material."

but in order to provide food for the constantly escalating number of mouths we are running the risk of irreversibly damaging the planet.

Global impactbut only 17%of the nitrogen used in fertilisers ends up in our food;

Ten times more nitrogen is used to produce food than humans consume as protein, and not all the nitrogen in the food we eat is used even by our bodies oe the excess enters the environment through human waste.

Most people require only 2g (0. 07 ounces) of nitrogen a day but the average American consumes 13g (0. 46 ounces) daily, mainly in animal products,

and following a disastrous harvest in 2005 when more than a third of the population needed emergency food aid,

more food and ultimately earn money. The reality is that Africa is the breadbasket of the world,

For example it is used by food inspectors to check what is served up on a plate is what a restaurant says it is.

Our food requirement alone is expected to double by then. Is our ever-increasing human population propelling us to our doom?

In the next four decades we're going to have to produce more food than we have during the last 10,000 years in soils that are degraded, marginal lands and under the difficult conditions of climate change.

it is also true that people around the world are starving right now oe and not from a shortage in global food supply,

or being too poor to afford food whose price has been raised artificially by commodities trading. And as people become richer and switch from rice or cassava to milk and meats

and all will need food, water and clean air. As if to illustrate the point further, last month Arctic monitors showed the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has passed 400 parts per million (before the Industrial Age,

as well as the vital ecosystem services humans rely on from food to water management. Because tigers are a top predator,

humans would only eat synthetic food, liberating women from the drudgery of the kitchen. People would"take in condensed form from the rich loam of the earth,

Â The turn of the century also brought a fear that the planet simply could not provide enough food for its people

Rather than derive pleasure from food, it was instead something to be controlled and reduced to its component parts.

but sustenance for life and man must simply swallow the pill as the future of food came barrelling towards him.

and is one that has reared repeatedly its head when talking about food pills. For example in his 2006 book Meals to Come:

A History of the Future of Food, Warren Belasco writes:""While most people vow and hope that they will never rely on pills for food,

they presume future generations will conform to whatever Ëoescience finds'oe pills, algae or other dystopian horrors.

In the age of space travel, meal pills were seen as the next logical step in the evolution of food oe the ultimate in efficiency and a triumph of man over nature.

food was sucked out of silver pouches by astronauts strapped into experimental capsules that had escaped the confines of Earth.

whilst the emergence of dehydrated and condensed foods mean that food pills were once again back on the menu for future-gazers.

depictions of future food also enjoyed a revival. For example, the Sunday comic strip Our New Age ran in over 110 newspapers around the world from 1958 until 1975.

A 1965 edition of the strip touted the synthetic food of the future as an answer to the world's food crisis.

The four panel colour comic charted the changes in the evolution of food. The first panel explained how 9, 000 years ago,

and gathering wild plants for food. The next panel declares that synthetic food is just the next step in modern agriculture

allowing science to feed a swelling population that is no match for old-fashioned methods of agriculture.

Triumphantly, the last panel of the comic declares that chemists could now set up efficient factories"to meet all the food shortages anywhere in the world Â

But you can't get calories except by eating food. Â It seems that humans were seduced by the idea of a meal-in-a-pill,

which currently gets more than 95%of food calories from the land. Over the next 50 years, more food will have to be produced than over the last 10,000 years combined.

Mud, in other words, is the vital thin brown line between us and starvation. Soil erosion, which is driven by humans through farming

where literally dirt-poor people are entirely dependent on whatever food aid they receive, I have developed a new respect for the brown stuff.

Even if we could produce enough food without soils oe and I have seen some great vegetable gardens growing on floating lily beds in Bangladesh,

vast urban centres are now effectively squatting on some of our best food sources. By developing on so-called brownfield sites of contaminated land and building upward rather than out into fields

the swelling global population and affluence is expected to increase demand for food production by 70,

when the global demand for food outpaced supply and famine was routine in places such as India and Pakistan,

the fundamental process that allows plants to use the light they capture to convert carbon dioxide into organic necessities like sugar and starch-or food,

you can also produce more food. In 2006, Long and his colleagues described how climate-change experiments have shown that rising atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide lead to higher rates of photosynthesis in plants.

Vitamin shakeincreasing the amount of food we produce is one thing. Producing nutritious food is another

according to Yassir Islam, spokesperson for Harvestplus, a nonprofit organisation looking to improve nutrient content in staple foods.

He says the next green revolution will have to be accompanied by a rethink about how nutritious the food is that we put on the table of millions of people every day.

These people live in parts of the world where their diets are dominated by staples oe foods such as rice, wheat, cassava,

Â Some academics and sustainable farming advocates see this type of farming as one more push toward industrialising food production and making more farmers dependent on agribusiness.

Â Given the imperative to expand the world's food supply, farmers need as much help as they can get even down to the acre,

"Previously we just raised food for humans and animals. In 2011 more corn went to biofuel than to feed for the first time in the US.

000 sq km per year, according to the Food and Agricultural organization of the United nations), rerouting rivers (we manage more than half of the planet's available freshwater)

which is why we have managed to"geoengineer Â our planet to produce ever more food, to double human life expectancy in much of the world,

with enough food, water, energy and other important trappings of a liveable existence, then we are going to have to recognise these limitations

foods and other set in stains. This was also the case with Kleenex, which was developed originally for removing cold cream.

#Hunger Pains Wearing Food a New Fashion Trend Artichoke heart gown Just when you thought that you had eaten enough for the next month we bring you Hunger Pains.

Its fashion and food photography coming together in a vegetarian way. Pics) Photographed by Ted Sabarese, a New yorker,

and the food that they eat. The models are made wearing clothes entirely of real food) that depict a meal each was craving.

Hmmmm, some strange food fetishes here. All clothes on the photos are edible. Is he a vegetarian as well?

How often have thought you of using challah as shoulder pads, or wearing trousers made out of waffles.

Sung Yeonju is a Korean artist who also has created a series of dresses made of various foods, entitled Wearable Foods.

She uses foods such as bread red cabbage, tomatoes and spring onions and bananas, in this case. Each of her pieces consists of one kind of food.

Whereas Ted Sabarese just thought food would be a fun thing to photograph, she has taken a more artsy and philosophical view of her work:

oethis series of work forces viewers to defy the actual meaning, the functionalities, and the aspects of what clothing signifies in our lives.

The essence of clothing and food has been reinterpreted. Each element does not fulfill its own role and yet,

that asks the EU to stop approving new genetically modified foods. More than a million people have signed on to support the measure The petition asks the European commission to put a hold on all new GMO approvals,

oeover a million people across Europe have set the EU a democratic test will the EU address the real concern people have about GM CROPS and food,

as they are for food and tobacco? -Agencies that routinely inspect farms, restaurants and pharmaceutical factories have no experience regulating pot.

With so many beauty benefits, Cox considers pumpkin the oehero ingredient of Thanksgiving foods if youre planning on repurposing leftovers for a unique skin care treatment. oeif you isolate one thing

and sacrifice food they might otherwise consume. This allows the seagrass meadows to thrive, along with the range of other plant and marine animal species that depend on them.

pure calorie counting matters more than the nutritional value of the food. He cut his usual daily calorie intake from about 2, 600 to less than 1, 800 by eating one Twinkie deep-fried cake a mini-sponge cake with cream filling every three hours

These foods are consumed by a lot of people. It may be an issue of portion size and moderation rather than total removal.

I just think it is unrealistic to expect people to totally drop these foods for vegetables and fruits.

It is a marketing creation of the United states Department of agriculture the same agency at the center of a federal anti-obesity drive that discourages over-consumption of some of the very foods Dairy management is vigorously promoting.

oethe U s. D. A. should not be involved in these programs that are promoting foods that we are consuming too much of already.

what it needed for food assistance programs. It also began paying farmers to slaughter some dairy cows.

chairwoman of the Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences at the University of Vermont. oei think they felt they had a lot riding on it,

But in late 2006, Dairy management was still citing the weight-loss claim in urging the Agriculture department not to cut the amount of cheese in federal food assistance programs. oethe available data provide strong support for a beneficial effect of increased

dairy foods on body weight and body composition, two organization officials wrote, making no mention of Dr. Harvey-Berinos findings.

Working with some of the largest food companies, Dairy management has pushed also to expand the use of cheese in processed foods and home cooking.

Ill give you one guess were the CO2 was released from in this photo Every person emits the equivalent of approximately two tonnes of carbon dioxide a year from the time food is produced to

and role that human excrements play in the life cycle of food. It is the first time that a scientific study of this type incorporates the role played by human excrements. oefood in Spain produces emissions of around two tonnes of carbon dioxide per person

analyses the relationship of the food production and consumption chain with global warming and the acidification and eutrophication (excess of nutrients) of the environment, taking what a person in Spain ate in 2005 (881 kilograms) as a reference.

industrial food processing, sale and distribution, preparation and cooking at home, solid waste treatment (food remains and packaging),

According to the study, producing food from animals, such as meat and dairy products, causes the greatest impact.

gases per unit of food produced. Compared to the worlds temperate regions, the tropics release nearly twice as much carbon to the atmosphere for each unit of land cleared,

director of the University of Minnesotas Institute on the Environment and a co-author on the study. oein terms of balancing the needs of food production

Food, like so many things in life, is a matter of taste and acculturation. Despite this, at least to the palettes of the western world, some of the things people put in their mouths can be considered no less than disgusting.

The custom of eating these lovelies started during a time of widespread food shortage back in the 1970s,

The scientists, who are based at the Institute of Food Research in Norwich and the Policlinico Universitario in Messina,

Dr Giuseppina Mandalari, from the Institute of Food Research, said: oealmond skins are able to stimulate the immune response

Dr Martin Wickham, who was involved also in the study at the Institute of Food Research

the field of immunology has been based on studies of domesticated animals in clean lab environments where animals are given all the food they want,

By functional foods, we mean those foods scientifically shown to have health-promoting or disease-preventing properties,

appetite and food intake published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition indicated. In fact, two recent studies found that being a diet soda junkie could actually put you at a greater risk of weight gain.

director of the Optimal Weight for Life Program at Childrens Hospital in Boston, cites animal studies that suggest consuming diet drinks alone (not with food) can confuse

As a result, the hyped-up sugar receptors could increase hunger and food intake, and contribute to weight gain.

People would crave more high-calorie sweet foods and fewer healthful, less sweet foods, such as fruits, vegetables,

especially if instead they turned to sugary beverages or consumed food instead of the diet soda.

And if you eat a basically healthful diet with minimal amounts of sugary foods or artificial sweeteners, enjoying an occasional